John 11:51

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

And this spake he not of himself: but being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for that nation;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Τοῦτο δὲ ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ οὐκ εἶπεν: ἀλλὰ ἀρχιερεὺς ὢν τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἐκείνου, προεφήτευσεν ὅτι ἔμελλεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀποθνῄσκειν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἔθνους·

Transliteration

This de aph' heautou ouk eipen: alla archiereus ōn tou eniautou ekeinou, proephēteusen hoti emellen ho Iēsous apothnēskein hyper tou ethnous.

Grammar Details

• *touto*: demonstrative pronoun, accusative neuter singular - this
• *de*: postpositive conjunction - but/and
• *aph' heautou*: preposition + reflexive pronoun, genitive masculine singular - from himself
• *ouk*: negative particle - not
• *eipen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said
• *alla*: strong adversative conjunction - but
• *archiereus*: nominative masculine singular - high priest
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being
• *tou eniautou*: genitive masculine singular - of the year
• *ekeinou*: demonstrative pronoun, genitive masculine singular - that
• *proephēteusen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he prophesied
• *hoti*: conjunction - that
• *emellen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was about to/was going to
• *ho Iēsous*: nominative masculine singular - Jesus
• *apothnēskein*: present active infinitive - to die
• *hyper*: preposition + genitive - on behalf of/for
• *tou ethnous*: genitive neuter singular - the nation

Word Meanings

• *aph' heautou*: from himself/on his own initiative
• *archiereus*: high priest/chief priest
• *eniautou*: year/annual period
• *proephēteusen*: prophesied/foretold
• *emellen*: was about to/was going to/intended to
• *apothnēskein*: to die/to be dying
• *ethnous*: nation/people/ethnic group

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 23:9 : 9 And David knew that Saul secretly practised mischief against him; and he said to Abiathar the priest, Bring hither the ephod.
• Exod 28:30 : 30 And thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron's heart, when he goeth in before the LORD: and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before the LORD continually.
• Num 22:28 : 28 And the LORD opened the mouth of the ass, and she said unto Balaam, What have I done unto thee, that thou hast smitten me these three times?
• Num 24:2 : 2 And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel abiding in his tents according to their tribes; and the spirit of God came upon him.
• Num 24:14-25 : 14 And now, behold, I go unto my people: come therefore, and I will advertise thee what this people shall do to thy people in the latter days. 15 And he took up his parable, and said, Balaam the son of Beor hath said, and the man whose eyes are open hath said: 16 He hath said, which heard the words of God, and knew the knowledge of the most High, which saw the vision of the Almighty, falling into a trance, but having his eyes open: 17 I shall see him, but not now: I shall behold him, but not nigh: there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel, and shall smite the corners of Moab, and destroy all the children of Sheth. 18 And Edom shall be a possession, Seir also shall be a possession for his enemies; and Israel shall do valiantly. 19 Out of Jacob shall come he that shall have dominion, and shall destroy him that remaineth of the city. 20 And when he looked on Amalek, he took up his parable, and said, Amalek was the first of the nations; but his latter end shall be that he perish for ever. 21 And he looked on the Kenites, and took up his parable, and said, Strong is thy dwellingplace, and thou puttest thy nest in a rock. 22 Nevertheless the Kenite shall be wasted, until Asshur shall carry thee away captive. 23 And he took up his parable, and said, Alas, who shall live when God doeth this! 24 And ships shall come from the coast of Chittim, and shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber, and he also shall perish for ever. 25 And Balaam rose up, and went and returned to his place: and Balak also went his way.
• Judg 20:27-28 : 27 And the children of Israel enquired of the LORD,(for the ark of the covenant of God was there in those days, 28 And Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, stood before it in those days,) saying, Shall I yet again go out to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother, or shall I cease? And the LORD said, Go up; for to morrow I will deliver them into thine hand.
• 1 Sam 28:6 : 6 And when Saul enquired of the LORD, the LORD answered him not, neither by dreams, nor by Urim, nor by prophets.
• Isa 53:5-8 : 5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. 6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. 7 He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth. 8 He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken.
• Dan 9:26 : 26 And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.
• Matt 7:22-23 : 22 Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works? 23 And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity.
• Matt 20:28 : 28 Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.
• John 10:15 : 15 As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep.
• Rom 3:25-26 : 25 Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God; 26 To declare, I say, at this time his righteousness: that he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus.
• 1 Cor 13:2 : 2 And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing.
• 2 Cor 5:21 : 21 For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.
• Gal 3:13 : 13 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
• Gal 4:4-5 : 4 But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, 5 To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
• 1 Pet 2:24 : 24 Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed.
• 1 Pet 3:18 : 18 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
• 2 Pet 2:15-17 : 15 Which have forsaken the right way, and are gone astray, following the way of Balaam the son of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness; 16 But was rebuked for his iniquity: the dumb ass speaking with man's voice forbad the madness of the prophet. 17 These are wells without water, clouds that are carried with a tempest; to whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever.