Romans 1:28

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ καθὼς οὐκ ἐδοκίμασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἔχειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει, παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν, ποιεῖν τὰ μὴ καθήκοντα·

Transliteration

Kai kathōs ouk edokimasan the Theon echein en epignōsei, paredōken autous the Theos eis adokimon noun, poiein the mē kathēkonta·

Grammar Details

• *Kai*: conjunction - and
• *kathōs*: adverb - just as
• *ouk*: negative particle - not
• *edokimasan*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they approved
• *Theon*: accusative, masculine, singular - God
• *echein*: present active infinitive - to have/retain
• *en*: preposition + dative - in
• *epignōsei*: dative, feminine, singular - knowledge
• *paredōken*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave over
• *autous*: accusative, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - them
• *Theos*: nominative, masculine, singular - God
• *eis*: preposition + accusative - to
• *adokimon*: accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - debased/reprobate
• *noun*: accusative, masculine, singular - mind
• *poiein*: present active infinitive - to do
• *mē*: negative particle - not
• *kathēkonta*: present active participle, accusative, neuter, plural - fitting/proper things

Word Meanings

• *edokimasan*: they approved/thought fit/tested
• *echein*: to have/retain/acknowledge
• *epignōsei*: knowledge/recognition/full knowledge
• *paredōken*: he gave over/delivered/handed over
• *adokimon*: debased/reprobate/unapproved
• *noun*: mind/understanding/intellect
• *kathēkonta*: fitting/proper/appropriate things

Referenced Verses

• Rom 1:21 : 21 Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened.
• Rom 1:24 : 24 Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves:
• Jer 9:6 : 6 Thine habitation is in the midst of deceit; through deceit they refuse to know me, saith the LORD.
• 2 Thess 2:10-12 : 10 And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. 11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: 12 That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.
• Titus 1:16 : 16 They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate.
• 2 Tim 3:8 : 8 {G3739} Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith.
• Jer 6:30 : 30 Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the LORD hath rejected them.
• 2 Thess 1:8 : 8 In flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ:
• 2 Cor 13:5-7 : 5 Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates? 6 But I trust that ye shall know that we are not reprobates. 7 Now I pray to God that ye do no evil; not that we should appear approved, but that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as reprobates.
• Rom 8:7-8 : 7 Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. 8 So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.
• 1 Cor 15:34 : 34 Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame.
• Eph 5:4 : 4 Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks.
• Hos 4:6 : 6 My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I will also forget thy children.
• Acts 17:23 : 23 For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.
• Job 21:14-15 : 14 Therefore they say unto God, Depart from us; for we desire not the knowledge of thy ways. 15 What is the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray unto him?
• Prov 1:7 : 7 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.
• Prov 1:22 : 22 How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge?
• Prov 1:29 : 29 For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the LORD:
• Prov 5:12-13 : 12 And say, How have I hated instruction, and my heart despised reproof; 13 And have not obeyed the voice of my teachers, nor inclined mine ear to them that instructed me!
• Prov 17:16 : 16 Wherefore is there a price in the hand of a fool to get wisdom, seeing he hath no heart to it?
• Jer 4:22 : 22 For my people is foolish, they have not known me; they are sottish children, and they have none understanding: they are wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge.
• Phlm 1:8 : 8 Wherefore, though I might be much bold in Christ to enjoin thee that which is convenient,
• 2 Pet 3:5 : 5 For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water:
• Acts 17:32 : 32 And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter.
• Rom 1:18 : 18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;
• Rom 1:26 : 26 For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature:
• 2 Cor 4:4-6 : 4 In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them. 5 For we preach not ourselves, but Christ Jesus the Lord; and ourselves your servants for Jesus' sake. 6 For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
• 2 Cor 10:5 : 5 Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;