1 Chronicles 16:31

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Let the heavens rejoice, and the earth be happy! Let the nations say,‘The LORD reigns!’

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יִשְׂמְח֤וּ הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְתָגֵ֣ל הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיֹאמְר֥וּ בַגּוֹיִ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה מָלָֽךְ׃

Transliteration

śāmaḥ [Let rejoice] haššāmayim [the heavens] and gîl [let rejoice] hāʾāreṣ [the earth], and let them ʾāmar [say] among the gôyim [nations], "YHWH [The LORD] mālak [reigns]."

Grammar Details

• *śāmaḥ*: qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them rejoice
• *gîl*: qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular jussive - let it rejoice
• *ʾāmar*: qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them say
• *mālak*: qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he reigned/became king
• *haššāmayim*: definite article + plural noun - the heavens
• *hāʾāreṣ*: definite article + singular noun - the earth
• *gôyim*: definite article + plural noun - the nations
• *bǎ-* (prefix): preposition - among
• *wĕ-* (prefix): conjunction - and

Word Meanings

• *śāmaḥ*: rejoice/be glad
• *gîl*: rejoice/be glad/exult
• *ʾāmar*: say/speak/tell
• *mālak*: reign/rule/be king
• *šāmayim*: heavens/sky
• *ʾāreṣ*: earth/land/ground
• *gôyim*: nations/gentiles/peoples

Referenced Verses

• Ps 96:10 : 10 Say among the nations,“The LORD reigns! The world is established, it cannot be moved. He judges the nations fairly.”
• Ps 97:1 : 1 The LORD reigns! Let the earth be happy! Let the many coastlands rejoice!
• Ps 99:1 : 1 The LORD reigns! The nations tremble. He sits enthroned above the cherubim; the earth shakes.
• Isa 49:13 : 13 Shout for joy, O sky! Rejoice, O earth! Let the mountains give a joyful shout! For the LORD consoles his people and shows compassion to the oppressed.
• Rev 19:6 : 6 The Wedding Celebration of the Lamb Then I heard what sounded like the voice of a vast throng, like the roar of many waters and like loud crashes of thunder. They were shouting:“Hallelujah! For the Lord our God, the All-Powerful, reigns!
• Matt 6:13 : 13 And do not lead us into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one.
• Luke 2:10 : 10 But the angel said to them,“Do not be afraid! Listen carefully, for I proclaim to you good news that brings great joy to all the people:
• Luke 2:13-14 : 13 Suddenly a vast, heavenly army appeared with the angel, praising God and saying, 14 “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace among people with whom he is pleased!”
• Luke 15:10 : 10 In the same way, I tell you, there is joy in the presence of God’s angels over one sinner who repents.”
• Ps 145:1 : 1 A psalm of praise, by David. I will extol you, my God, O king! I will praise your name continually!
• Ps 148:1-4 : 1 Praise the LORD! Praise the LORD from the sky! Praise him in the heavens! 2 Praise him, all his angels! Praise him, all his heavenly assembly! 3 Praise him, O sun and moon! Praise him, all you shiny stars! 4 Praise him, O highest heaven, and you waters above the sky!
• Isa 33:22 : 22 For the LORD, our ruler, the LORD, our commander, the LORD, our king– he will deliver us.
• Isa 44:23 : 23 Shout for joy, O sky, for the LORD intervenes; shout out, you subterranean regions of the earth. O mountains, give a joyful shout; you too, O forest and all your trees! For the LORD protects Jacob; he reveals his splendor through Israel.
• Ps 98:4 : 4 Shout out praises to the LORD, all the earth! Break out in a joyful shout and sing!
• Ps 19:1 : 1 For the music director; a psalm of David. The heavens declare the glory of God; the sky displays his handiwork.
• Ps 89:5 : 5 O LORD, the heavens praise your amazing deeds, as well as your faithfulness in the angelic assembly.
• Ps 93:1-2 : 1 The LORD reigns! He is robed in majesty, the LORD is robed, he wears strength around his waist. Indeed, the world is established, it cannot be moved. 2 Your throne has been secure from ancient times; you have always been king.