1 Samuel 7:6

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

After they had assembled at Mizpah, they drew water and poured it out before the LORD. They fasted on that day, and they confessed there,“We have sinned against the LORD.”So Samuel led the people of Israel at Mizpah.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ הַ֠מִּצְפָּתָה וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֜יִם וֽ͏ַיִּשְׁפְּכ֣וּ ׀ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּצ֙וּמוּ֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ שָׁ֔ם חָטָ֖אנוּ לַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֧ט שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃

Transliteration

And wayyiqqābṣû the-miṣpātâ and wayyišʾăbû-water and wayyišpĕkû before YHWH and wayyāṣûmû in-the-day the-that and wayyōʾmĕrû there ḥāṭāʾnû to-YHWH and wayyišpōṭ šĕmûʾēl ʾet-sons of yiśrāʾēl in-the-miṣpâ.

Grammar Details

• *wayyiqqābṣû*: waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they gathered themselves
• *wayyišʾăbû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they drew
• *wayyišpĕkû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they poured out
• *wayyāṣûmû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fasted
• *wayyōʾmĕrû*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: Qal perfect 1st person plural - we have sinned
• *wayyišpōṭ*: waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he judged

Word Meanings

• *wayyiqqābṣû*: gathered themselves/assembled/came together
• *wayyišʾăbû*: drew/pumped/fetched
• *wayyišpĕkû*: poured out/spilled/shed
• *wayyāṣûmû*: fasted/abstained from food
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: we have sinned/we have missed the mark/we have transgressed
• *wayyišpōṭ*: judged/governed/vindicated/decided for

Referenced Verses

• Judg 10:10 : 10 The Israelites cried out for help to the LORD:“We have sinned against you. We abandoned our God and worshiped the Baals.”
• 1 Sam 1:15 : 15 But Hannah replied,“Not so, my lord! I am a woman under a great deal of stress. I haven’t drunk wine or beer. But I have poured out my soul before the LORD.
• 2 Sam 14:14 : 14 Certainly we must die, and are like water spilled on the ground that cannot be gathered up again. But God does not take away life; instead he devises ways for the banished to be restored.
• Ps 106:6 : 6 We have sinned like our ancestors; we have done wrong, we have done evil.
• Lam 2:18-19 : 18 צ(Tsade) Cry out from your heart to the Lord, O wall of Daughter Zion! Make your tears flow like a river all day and all night long! Do not rest; do not let your tears stop! 19 ק(Qof) Get up! Cry out in the night when the night watches start! Pour out your heart like water before the face of the Lord! Lift up your hands to him for your children’s lives; they are fainting from hunger at every street corner.
• Joel 2:12 : 12 An Appeal for Repentance“Yet even now,” the LORD says,“return to me with all your heart– with fasting, weeping, and mourning.
• Ps 62:8 : 8 Trust in him at all times, you people! Pour out your hearts before him! God is our shelter!(Selah)
• Luke 15:18 : 18 I will get up and go to my father and say to him,“Father, I have sinned against heaven and against you.
• 1 Kgs 8:47 : 47 When your people come to their senses in the land where they are held prisoner, they will repent and beg for your mercy in the land of their imprisonment, admitting,‘We have sinned and gone astray; we have done evil.’
• 2 Chr 20:3 : 3 Jehoshaphat was afraid, so he decided to seek the LORD’s advice. He decreed that all Judah should observe a fast.
• Ezra 8:21-23 : 21 I called for a fast there by the Ahava Canal, so that we might humble ourselves before our God and seek from him a safe journey for us, our children, and all our property. 22 I was embarrassed to request soldiers and horsemen from the king to protect us from the enemy along the way, because we had said to the king,“The good hand of our God is on everyone who is seeking him, but his great anger is against everyone who forsakes him.” 23 So we fasted and prayed to our God about this, and he answered us.
• Ezra 9:5-9 : 5 At the time of the evening offering I got up from my self-abasement, with my tunic and robe torn, and then dropped to my knees and spread my hands to the LORD my God. 6 I prayed,“O my God, I am ashamed and embarrassed to lift my face to you, my God! For our iniquities have climbed higher than our heads, and our guilt extends to the heavens. 7 From the days of our fathers until this very day our guilt has been great. Because of our iniquities we, along with our kings and priests, have been delivered over by the local kings to sword, captivity, plunder, and embarrassment– right up to the present time. 8 “But now briefly we have received mercy from the LORD our God, in that he has left us a remnant and has given us a secure position in his holy place. Thus our God has enlightened our eyes and has given us a little relief in our time of servitude. 9 Although we are slaves, our God has not abandoned us in our servitude. He has extended kindness to us in the sight of the kings of Persia, in that he has revived us to restore the temple of our God and to raise up its ruins and to give us a protective wall in Judah and Jerusalem. 10 “And now what are we able to say after this, our God? For we have forsaken your commandments
• Neh 9:1-3 : 1 The People Acknowledge Their Sin before God On the twenty-fourth day of this same month the Israelites assembled; they were fasting and wearing sackcloth, their heads covered with dust. 2 Those truly of Israelite descent separated from all the foreigners, standing and confessing their sins and the iniquities of their ancestors. 3 For one-fourth of the day they stood in their place and read from the book of the law of the LORD their God, and for another fourth they were confessing their sins and worshiping the LORD their God.
• Neh 9:27 : 27 Therefore you delivered them into the hand of their adversaries, who oppressed them. But in the time of their distress they called to you, and you heard from heaven. In your abundant compassion you provided them with deliverers to rescue them from their adversaries.
• Job 16:20 : 20 My intercessor is my friend as my eyes pour out tears to God;
• Job 33:27 : 27 That person sings to others, saying:‘I have sinned and falsified what is right, but I was not punished according to what I deserved.
• Job 40:4 : 4 “Indeed, I am completely unworthy– how could I reply to you? I put my hand over my mouth to silence myself.
• Job 42:6 : 6 Therefore I despise myself, and I repent in dust and ashes!
• Ps 6:6 : 6 I am exhausted as I groan; all night long I drench my bed in tears; my tears saturate the cushion beneath me.
• Ps 38:3-8 : 3 My whole body is sick because of your judgment; I am deprived of health because of my sin. 4 For my sins overwhelm me; like a heavy load, they are too much for me to bear. 5 My wounds are infected and starting to smell, because of my foolish sins. 6 I am dazed and completely humiliated; all day long I walk around mourning. 7 For I am overcome with shame and my whole body is sick. 8 I am numb with pain and severely battered; I groan loudly because of the anxiety I feel.
• Ps 42:3 : 3 I cannot eat, I weep day and night; all day long they say to me,“Where is your God?”
• Jonah 3:1-9 : 1 The People of Nineveh Respond to Jonah’s Warning The LORD’s message came to Jonah a second time, 2 “Go immediately to Nineveh, that large city, and proclaim to it the message that I tell you.” 3 So Jonah went immediately to Nineveh, in keeping with the LORD’s message.(Now Nineveh was an enormous city– it required three days to walk through it!) 4 When Jonah began to enter the city one day’s walk, he announced,“At the end of forty days, Nineveh will be overthrown!” 5 The people of Nineveh believed in God, and they declared a fast and put on sackcloth, from the greatest to the least of them. 6 When the news reached the king of Nineveh, he got up from his throne, took off his royal robe, put on sackcloth, and sat on ashes. 7 He issued a proclamation and said,“In Nineveh, by the decree of the king and his nobles: No human or animal, cattle or sheep, is to taste anything; they must not eat and they must not drink water. 8 Every person and animal must put on sackcloth and must cry earnestly to God, and everyone must turn from their evil way of living and from the violence that they do. 9 Who knows? Perhaps God might be willing to change his mind and relent and turn from his fierce anger so that we might not die.” 10 When God saw their actions– that they turned from their evil way of living!– God relented concerning the judgment he had threatened them with and he did not destroy them.
• Lev 26:40 : 40 However, when they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquity which they committed by trespassing against me, by which they also walked in hostility against me
• Judg 3:10 : 10 The LORD’s Spirit empowered him and he led Israel. When he went to do battle, the LORD handed over to him King Cushan-Rishathaim of Armon and he overpowered him.
• Lam 3:49 : 49 ע(Ayin) Tears flow from my eyes and will not stop; there will be no break
• Ezek 20:4 : 4 “Are you willing to pronounce judgment on them? Are you willing to pronounce judgment, son of man? Then confront them with the abominable practices of their fathers,
• Dan 9:3-5 : 3 So I turned my attention to the Lord God to implore him by prayer and requests, with fasting, sackcloth, and ashes. 4 I prayed to the LORD my God, confessing in this way:“O Lord, great and awesome God who is faithful to his covenant with those who love him and keep his commandments, 5 we have sinned! We have done what is wrong and wicked; we have rebelled by turning away from your commandments and standards.
• Ps 119:136 : 136 Tears stream down from my eyes, because people do not keep your law.
• Jer 3:13-14 : 13 However, you must confess that you have done wrong, and that you have rebelled against the LORD your God. You must confess that you have given yourself to foreign gods under every green tree, and have not obeyed my commands,’ says the LORD. 14 “Come back to me, my wayward sons,” says the LORD,“for I am your true master. If you do, I will take one of you from each town and two of you from each family group, and I will bring you back to Zion.
• Jer 9:1 : 1 (8:23) I wish that my head were a well full of water and my eyes were a fountain full of tears! If they were, I could cry day and night for those of my dear people who have been killed.
• Jer 31:19 : 19 For after we turned away from you we repented. After we came to our senses we struck our thigh in sorrow. We are ashamed and humiliated because of the disgraceful things we did previously.’
• Lam 2:11 : 11 כ(Kaf) My eyes are worn out from weeping; my stomach is in knots. My heart is poured out on the ground due to the destruction of my helpless people; children and infants faint in the town squares.