Galatians 2:11

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Paul Rebukes Peter But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he had clearly done wrong.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν Πέτρος εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην, ὅτι κατεγνωσμένος ἦν.

Transliteration

When de Petros came eis Antiocheian, kata prosōpon autō antestēn, because kategnōsmenos ēn.

Grammar Details

• *hote de*: conjunction + particle - but when/and when
• *ēlthen*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - came/had come
• *Petros*: nominative, masculine, singular - Peter
• *eis Antiocheian*: preposition + accusative, feminine, singular - to Antioch
• *kata prosōpon*: preposition + accusative, neuter, singular - to [his] face/in person
• *autō*: dative, masculine, singular - to him
• *antestēn*: aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I opposed/withstood
• *hoti*: conjunction - because
• *kategnōsmenos ēn*: perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular + imperfect, 3rd person singular - he was condemned/stood condemned

Word Meanings

• *kata prosōpon*: to [his] face/in person/directly
• *antestēn*: I opposed/I withstood/I confronted
• *kategnōsmenos ēn*: he was condemned/he stood condemned/he was worthy of blame

Referenced Verses

• Acts 15:1 : 1 The Jerusalem Council Now some men came down from Judea and began to teach the brothers,“Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.”
• 1 Tim 5:20 : 20 Those guilty of sin must be rebuked before all, as a warning to the rest.
• Jas 3:2 : 2 For we all stumble in many ways. If someone does not stumble in what he says, he is a perfect individual, able to control the entire body as well.
• 1 John 1:8-9 : 8 If we say we do not bear the guilt of sin, we are deceiving ourselves and the truth is not in us. 9 But if we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous, forgiving us our sins and cleansing us from all unrighteousness. 10 If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar and his word is not in us.
• Jude 1:3 : 3 Condemnation of the False Teachers Dear friends, although I have been eager to write to you about our common salvation, I now feel compelled instead to write to encourage you to contend earnestly for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints.
• Acts 15:30-35 : 30 So when they were dismissed, they went down to Antioch, and after gathering the entire group together, they delivered the letter. 31 When they read it aloud, the people rejoiced at its encouragement. 32 Both Judas and Silas, who were prophets themselves, encouraged and strengthened the brothers with a long speech. 33 After they had spent some time there, they were sent off in peace by the brothers to those who had sent them. 35 But Paul and Barnabas remained in Antioch, teaching and proclaiming(along with many others) the word of the Lord.
• Acts 15:37-39 : 37 Barnabas wanted to bring John called Mark along with them too, 38 but Paul insisted that they should not take along this one who had left them in Pamphylia and had not accompanied them in the work. 39 They had a sharp disagreement, so that they parted company. Barnabas took along Mark and sailed away to Cyprus,
• Acts 23:1-5 : 1 Paul looked directly at the council and said,“Brothers, I have lived my life with a clear conscience before God to this day.” 2 At that the high priest Ananias ordered those standing near Paul to strike him on the mouth. 3 Then Paul said to him,“God is going to strike you, you whitewashed wall! Do you sit there judging me according to the law, and in violation of the law you order me to be struck?” 4 Those standing near him said,“Do you dare insult God’s high priest?” 5 Paul replied,“I did not realize, brothers, that he was the high priest, for it is written,‘You must not speak evil about a ruler of your people.’”
• 2 Cor 5:16 : 16 So then from now on we acknowledge no one from an outward human point of view. Even though we have known Christ from such a human point of view, now we do not know him in that way any longer.
• 2 Cor 11:5 : 5 For I consider myself not at all inferior to those“super-apostles.”
• 2 Cor 11:21-28 : 21 (To my disgrace I must say that we were too weak for that!) But whatever anyone else dares to boast about(I am speaking foolishly), I also dare to boast about the same thing. 22 Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. 23 Are they servants of Christ?(I am talking like I am out of my mind!) I am even more so: with much greater labors, with far more imprisonments, with more severe beatings, facing death many times. 24 Five times I received from the Jews forty lashes less one. 25 Three times I was beaten with a rod. Once I received a stoning. Three times I suffered shipwreck. A night and a day I spent adrift in the open sea. 26 I have been on journeys many times, in dangers from rivers, in dangers from robbers, in dangers from my own countrymen, in dangers from Gentiles, in dangers in the city, in dangers in the wilderness, in dangers at sea, in dangers from false brothers, 27 in hard work and toil, through many sleepless nights, in hunger and thirst, many times without food, in cold and without enough clothing. 28 Apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxious concern for all the churches.
• 2 Cor 12:11 : 11 The Signs of an Apostle I have become a fool. You yourselves forced me to do it, for I should have been commended by you. For I lack nothing in comparison to those“super-apostles,” even though I am nothing.
• Gal 2:5 : 5 But we did not surrender to them even for a moment, in order that the truth of the gospel would remain with you.
• Gal 2:7 : 7 On the contrary, when they saw that I was entrusted with the gospel to the uncircumcised just as Peter was entrusted with the gospel to the circumcised
• Gal 2:9 : 9 and when James, Cephas, and John, who had a reputation as pillars, recognized the grace that had been given to me, they gave to Barnabas and me the right hand of fellowship, agreeing that we would go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised.
• Gal 2:14 : 14 But when I saw that they were not behaving consistently with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas in front of them all,“If you, although you are a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you try to force the Gentiles to live like Jews?”
• Exod 32:21-22 : 21 Moses said to Aaron,“What did this people do to you, that you have brought on them so great a sin?” 22 Aaron said,“Do not let your anger burn hot, my lord; you know these people, that they tend to evil.
• Num 20:12 : 12 The Lord’s Judgment Then the LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron,“Because you did not trust me enough to show me as holy before the Israelites, therefore you will not bring this community into the land I have given them.”
• Jer 1:17 : 17 “But you, Jeremiah, get yourself ready! Go and tell these people everything I instruct you to say. Do not be terrified of them, or I will give you good reason to be terrified of them.
• Jonah 1:3 : 3 Instead, Jonah immediately headed off to Tarshish to escape from the commission of the LORD. He traveled to Joppa and found a merchant ship heading to Tarshish. So he paid the fare and went aboard it to go with them to Tarshish far away from the LORD.
• Jonah 4:3-4 : 3 So now, LORD, kill me instead, because I would rather die than live!” 4 The LORD said,“Are you really so very angry?”
• Jonah 4:9 : 9 God said to Jonah,“Are you really so very angry about the little plant?” And he said,“I am as angry as I could possibly be!”
• Matt 16:17-18 : 17 And Jesus answered him,“You are blessed, Simon son of Jonah, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but my Father in heaven! 18 And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overpower it.
• Matt 16:23 : 23 But he turned and said to Peter,“Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me, because you are not setting your mind on God’s interests, but on man’s.”
• Acts 11:19 : 19 Activity in the Church at Antioch Now those who had been scattered because of the persecution that took place over Stephen went as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the message to no one but Jews.