Luke 3:2

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἐπʼ ἀρχιερέων Ἅννα καὶ Καϊάφα, ἐγένετο ῥῆμα Θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν τοῦ Ζαχαρίου υἱὸν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ.

Transliteration

Upon archiereon Hanna and Kaiapha, egeneto rhema Theou upon Ioannen the [one] of-the Zachariou huion in the eremo.

Grammar Details

• *archiereon*: genitive, masculine, plural - of high priests
• *Hanna*: genitive, masculine, singular - of Annas
• *Kaiapha*: genitive, masculine, singular - of Caiaphas
• *egeneto*: aorist, indicative, middle/passive, 3rd person, singular - became/came/happened
• *rhema*: nominative, neuter, singular - word/saying/utterance
• *Theou*: genitive, masculine, singular - of God
• *Ioannen*: accusative, masculine, singular - John
• *Zachariou*: genitive, masculine, singular - of Zacharias
• *huion*: accusative, masculine, singular - son
• *eremo*: dative, feminine, singular - wilderness/desert/isolated place

Word Meanings

• *archiereon*: high priests/chief priests
• *egeneto*: came/happened/occurred/appeared
• *rhema*: word/saying/utterance/message/thing
• *eremo*: wilderness/desert/isolated place/uninhabited region

Referenced Verses

• Acts 4:6 : 6 Annas the high priest was there, and Caiaphas, John, Alexander, and others who were members of the high priest’s family.
• John 18:24 : 24 Then Annas sent him, still tied up, to Caiaphas the high priest.
• Matt 26:3 : 3 Then the chief priests and the elders of the people met together in the palace of the high priest, who was named Caiaphas.
• Luke 1:80 : 80 And the child kept growing and becoming strong in spirit, and he was in the wilderness until the day he was revealed to Israel.
• Jonah 1:1 : 1 ¶ Jonah Tries to Run from the Lord The LORD’s message came to Jonah son of Amittai,
• Mic 1:1 : 1 ¶ Introduction This is the LORD’s message that came to Micah of Moresheth during the time of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem.
• Zeph 1:1 : 1 ¶ Introduction This is the LORD’s message that came to Zephaniah son of Cushi, son of Gedaliah, son of Amariah, son of Hezekiah during the time of Josiah son of Amon, king of Judah:
• Matt 3:1-9 : 1 The Ministry of John the Baptist In those days John the Baptist came into the wilderness of Judea proclaiming, 2 “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.” 3 For he is the one about whom the prophet Isaiah had spoken:“The voice of one shouting in the wilderness,‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’” 4 Now John wore clothing made from camel’s hair with a leather belt around his waist, and his diet consisted of locusts and wild honey. 5 Then people from Jerusalem, as well as all Judea and all the region around the Jordan, were going out to him, 6 and he was baptizing them in the Jordan River as they confessed their sins. 7 But when he saw many Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them,“You offspring of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? 8 Therefore produce fruit that proves your repentance, 9 and don’t think you can say to yourselves,‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that God can raise up children for Abraham from these stones! 10 Even now the ax is laid at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.
• Matt 11:7 : 7 While they were going away, Jesus began to speak to the crowd about John:“What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
• Isa 40:3 : 3 A voice cries out,“In the wilderness clear a way for the LORD; build a level road through the rift valley for our God.
• Jer 1:2 : 2 The LORD’s message came to him in the thirteenth year that Josiah son of Amon ruled over Judah.
• Jer 2:1 : 1 The Lord Recalls Israel’s Earlier Faithfulness The LORD’s message came to me,
• Ezek 1:3 : 3 the LORD’s message came to the priest Ezekiel the son of Buzi, at the Kebar River in the land of the Babylonians. The hand of the LORD came on him there).
• Hos 1:1-2 : 1 ¶ Superscription This is the LORD’s message that came to Hosea son of Beeri during the time of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and during the time of Jeroboam son of Joash, king of Israel. 2 Symbols of Sin and Judgment: The Prostitute and Her Children When the LORD first spoke through Hosea, he said to him,“Go marry a prostitute who will bear illegitimate children conceived through prostitution, because the nation continually commits spiritual prostitution by turning away from the LORD.”
• Luke 3:3-9 : 3 He went into all the region around the Jordan River, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. 4 As it is written in the book of the words of the prophet Isaiah,“The voice of one shouting in the wilderness:‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight. 5 Every valley will be filled, and every mountain and hill will be brought low, and the crooked will be made straight, and the rough ways will be made smooth, 6 and all humanity will see the salvation of God.’” 7 So John said to the crowds that came out to be baptized by him,“You offspring of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? 8 Therefore produce fruit that proves your repentance, and don’t begin to say to yourselves,‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that God can raise up children for Abraham from these stones! 9 Even now the ax is laid at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.” 10 So the crowds were asking him,“What then should we do?” 11 John answered them,“The person who has two tunics must share with the person who has none, and the person who has food must do likewise.” 12 Tax collectors also came to be baptized, and they said to him,“Teacher, what should we do?” 13 He told them,“Collect no more than you are required to.” 14 Then some soldiers also asked him,“And as for us– what should we do?” He told them,“Take money from no one by violence or by false accusation, and be content with your pay.” 15 While the people were filled with anticipation and they all wondered whether perhaps John could be the Christ, 16 John answered them all,“I baptize you with water, but one more powerful than I am is coming– I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 17 His winnowing fork is in his hand to clean out his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into his storehouse, but the chaff he will burn up with inextinguishable fire.”
• John 1:23 : 23 John said,“I am the voice of one shouting in the wilderness,‘Make straight the way for the Lord,’ as the prophet Isaiah said.”
• John 11:49-51 : 49 Then one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said,“You know nothing at all! 50 You do not realize that it is more to your advantage to have one man die for the people than for the whole nation to perish.” 51 (Now he did not say this on his own, but because he was high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus was going to die for the Jewish nation,
• John 18:13-14 : 13 They brought him first to Annas, for he was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, who was high priest that year. 14 (Now it was Caiaphas who had advised the Jewish leaders that it was to their advantage that one man die for the people.)
• Luke 1:59-63 : 59 On the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they wanted to name him Zechariah after his father. 60 But his mother replied,“No! He must be named John.” 61 They said to her,“But none of your relatives bears this name.” 62 So they made signs to the baby’s father, inquiring what he wanted to name his son. 63 He asked for a writing tablet and wrote,“His name is John.” And they were all amazed.
• Mark 1:3-5 : 3 the voice of one shouting in the wilderness,‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’” 4 In the wilderness John the baptizer began preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. 5 People from the whole Judean countryside and all of Jerusalem were going out to him, and he was baptizing them in the Jordan River as they confessed their sins.