Numbers 15:3

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

and you make an offering by fire to the LORD from the herd or from the flock(whether a burnt offering or a sacrifice for discharging a vow or as a freewill offering or in your solemn feasts) to create a pleasing aroma to the LORD,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם אִשֶּׁ֤ה לַֽיהוָה֙ עֹלָ֣ה אוֹ־זֶ֔בַח לְפַלֵּא־נֶ֙דֶר֙ א֣וֹ בִנְדָבָ֔ה א֖וֹ בְּמֹעֲדֵיכֶ֑ם לַעֲשׂ֞וֹת רֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה מִן־הַבָּקָ֖ר א֥וֹ מִן־הַצֹּֽאן

Transliteration

wa-ʿăśîtem ʾiššeh la-YHWH ʿōlāh ʾô-zebaḥ lə-pallēʾ-neder ʾô bindābāh ʾô bə-môʿădêkem la-ʿăśôt rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ la-YHWH min-ha-bāqār ʾô min-ha-ṣōʾn

Grammar Details

• *wa-ʿăśîtem*: conjunction + perfect, 2nd masculine plural, Qal - and you will make/do/offer
• *ʾiššeh*: noun, masculine singular - fire offering/offering made by fire
• *la-YHWH*: preposition + proper noun - to/for YHWH
• *ʿōlāh*: noun, feminine singular - burnt offering/whole offering
• *ʾô-zebaḥ*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular - or sacrifice
• *lə-pallēʾ-neder*: preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + noun - to fulfill a vow
• *ʾô*: conjunction - or
• *bindābāh*: preposition + noun, feminine singular - as a freewill offering
• *bə-môʿădêkem*: preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - in/at your appointed times/festivals
• *la-ʿăśôt*: preposition + infinitive construct, Qal - to make/produce
• *rêaḥ*: noun, masculine singular construct - aroma/fragrance of
• *nîḥōaḥ*: noun, masculine singular - soothing/pleasing
• *min-ha-bāqār*: preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - from the cattle/herd
• *min-ha-ṣōʾn*: preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - from the flock/sheep

Word Meanings

• *ʾiššeh*: fire offering/offering by fire
• *ʿōlāh*: burnt offering/that which goes up
• *zebaḥ*: sacrifice/slaughtered offering
• *lə-pallēʾ*: to fulfill/to accomplish/to complete
• *neder*: vow/pledge
• *bindābāh*: freewill offering/voluntary gift
• *môʿădêkem*: your appointed festivals/appointed times/seasons
• *rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ*: pleasing aroma/soothing fragrance
• *bāqār*: cattle/herd/oxen
• *ṣōʾn*: flock/sheep and goats

Referenced Verses

• Exod 29:18 : 18 and burn the whole ram on the altar. It is a burnt offering to the LORD, a soothing aroma; it is an offering made by fire to the LORD.
• Gen 8:21 : 21 And the LORD smelled the soothing aroma and said to himself,“I will never again curse the ground because of humankind, even though the inclination of their minds is evil from childhood on. I will never again destroy everything that lives, as I have just done.
• Num 28:27 : 27 But you must offer as the burnt offering, as a sweet aroma to the LORD, two young bulls, one ram, seven lambs one year old,
• Phil 4:18 : 18 For I have received everything, and I have plenty. I have all I need because I received from Epaphroditus what you sent– a fragrant offering, an acceptable sacrifice, very pleasing to God.
• Lev 27:2 : 2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them,‘When a man makes a special votive offering based on the conversion value of persons to the LORD,
• Num 28:16-19 : 16 Passover and Unleavened Bread“‘On the fourteenth day of the first month is the LORD’s Passover. 17 And on the fifteenth day of this month is the festival. For seven days bread made without yeast must be eaten. 18 And on the first day there is to be a holy assembly; you must do no ordinary work on it. 19 “‘But you must offer to the LORD an offering made by fire, a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram, and seven lambs one year old; they must all be unblemished.
• Num 29:1-2 : 1 Blowing Trumpets“‘On the first day of the seventh month, you are to hold a holy assembly. You must not do your ordinary work, for it is a day of blowing trumpets for you. 2 You must offer a burnt offering as a sweet aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, and seven lambs one year old without blemish.
• Num 29:8 : 8 But you must offer a burnt offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD, one young bull, one ram, and seven lambs one year old, all of them without blemish.
• Num 29:13-40 : 13 You must offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire as a pleasing aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs each one year old, all of them without blemish. 14 Their grain offering must be of finely ground flour mixed with olive oil, three-tenths of an ephah for each of the thirteen bulls, two-tenths of an ephah for each of the two rams, 15 and one-tenth for each of the fourteen lambs, 16 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 17 “‘On the second day you must offer twelve young bulls, two rams, fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, 18 and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 19 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and their drink offerings. 20 “‘On the third day you must offer eleven bulls, two rams, fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, 21 and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 22 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 23 “‘On the fourth day you must offer ten bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, 24 and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 25 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 26 “‘On the fifth day you must offer nine bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, 27 and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 28 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 29 “‘On the sixth day you must offer eight bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, 30 and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 31 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 32 “‘On the seventh day you must offer seven bulls, two rams, and fourteen lambs one year old, all without blemish, 33 and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 34 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 35 “‘On the eighth day you are to have a holy assembly; you must do no ordinary work on it. 36 But you must offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, as a pleasing aroma to the LORD, one bull, one ram, seven lambs one year old, all of them without blemish, 37 and with their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bull, for the ram, and for the lambs, according to their number as prescribed, 38 along with one male goat for a purification offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering with its grain offering and its drink offering. 39 “‘These things you must present to the LORD at your appointed times, in addition to your vows and your freewill offerings, as your burnt offerings, your grain offerings, your drink offerings, and your peace offerings.’” 40 (30:1) So Moses told the Israelites everything, just as the LORD had commanded him.
• Deut 12:6 : 6 And there you must take your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, your tithes, the personal offerings you have prepared, your votive offerings, your freewill offerings, and the firstborn of your herds and flocks.
• Deut 12:11 : 11 Then you must come to the place the LORD your God chooses for his name to reside, bringing everything I am commanding you– your burnt offerings, sacrifices, tithes, the personal offerings you have prepared, and all your choice votive offerings which you devote to him.
• Deut 12:17 : 17 You will not be allowed to eat in your villages your tithe of grain, new wine, olive oil, the firstborn of your herd and flock, any votive offerings you have vowed, or your freewill and personal offerings.
• Deut 16:1-9 : 1 The Passover-Unleavened Bread Festival Observe the month Abib and keep the Passover to the LORD your God, for in that month he brought you out of Egypt by night. 2 You must sacrifice the Passover animal(from the flock or the herd) to the LORD your God in the place where he chooses to locate his name. 3 You must not eat any yeast with it; for seven days you must eat bread made without yeast, as symbolic of affliction, for you came out of Egypt hurriedly. You must do this so you will remember for the rest of your life the day you came out of the land of Egypt. 4 There must not be a scrap of yeast within your land for seven days, nor can any of the meat you sacrifice on the evening of the first day remain until the next morning. 5 You may not sacrifice the Passover in just any of your villages that the LORD your God is giving you, 6 but you must sacrifice it in the evening in the place where he chooses to locate his name, at sunset, the time of day you came out of Egypt. 7 You must cook and eat it in the place the LORD your God chooses; you may return the next morning to your tents. 8 You must eat bread made without yeast for six days. The seventh day you are to hold an assembly for the LORD your God; you must not do any work on that day. 9 The Festival of Weeks You must count seven weeks; you must begin to count them from the time you begin to harvest the standing grain. 10 Then you are to celebrate the Feast of Weeks before the LORD your God with the voluntary offering that you will bring, in proportion to how he has blessed you. 11 You shall rejoice before him– you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites in your villages, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows among you– in the place where the LORD chooses to locate his name. 12 Furthermore, remember that you were a slave in Egypt, and so be careful to observe these statutes. 13 The Festival of Temporary Shelters You must celebrate the Feast of Shelters for seven days, at the time of the grain and grape harvest. 14 You are to rejoice in your festival, you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows who are in your villages. 15 You are to celebrate the festival seven days before the LORD your God in the place he chooses, for he will bless you in all your productivity and in whatever you do; so you will indeed rejoice! 16 Three times a year all your males must appear before the LORD your God in the place he chooses for the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Shelters; and they must not appear before him empty-handed. 17 Every one of you must give as you are able, according to the blessing of the LORD your God that he has given you.
• Matt 3:17 : 17 And a voice from heaven said,“This is my one dear Son; in him I take great delight.”
• Eph 5:2 : 2 and live in love, just as Christ also loved us and gave himself for us, a sacrificial and fragrant offering to God.
• Exod 29:25 : 25 Then you are to take them from their hands and burn them on the altar for a burnt offering, for a soothing aroma before the LORD. It is an offering made by fire to the LORD.
• Exod 29:41 : 41 The second lamb you are to offer around sundown; you are to prepare for it the same meal offering as for the morning and the same drink offering, for a soothing aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.
• Lev 1:1-9 : 1 ¶ Introduction to the Sacrificial Regulations Then the LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the Meeting Tent: 2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them,‘When someone among you presents an offering to the LORD, you must present your offering from the domesticated animals, either from the herd or from the flock. 3 Burnt Offering Regulations: Animal from the Herd“‘If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd he must present it as a flawless male; he must present it at the entrance of the Meeting Tent for its acceptance before the LORD. 4 He must lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted for him to make atonement on his behalf. 5 Then the one presenting the offering must slaughter the bull before the LORD, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, must present the blood and splash the blood against the sides of the altar which is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent. 6 Next, the one presenting the offering must skin the burnt offering and cut it into parts, 7 and the sons of Aaron, the priest, must put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire. 8 Then the sons of Aaron, the priests, must arrange the parts with the head and the suet on the wood that is in the fire on the altar. 9 Finally, the one presenting the offering must wash its entrails and its legs in water and the priest must offer all of it up in smoke on the altar– it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the LORD. 10 Animal from the Flock“‘If his offering is from the flock for a burnt offering– from the sheep or the goats– he must present a flawless male, 11 and must slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the LORD, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, will splash its blood against the altar’s sides. 12 Next, the one presenting the offering must cut it into parts, with its head and its suet, and the priest must arrange them on the wood which is in the fire, on the altar. 13 Then the one presenting the offering must wash the entrails and the legs in water, and the priest must present all of it and offer it up in smoke on the altar– it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the LORD. 14 From the Birds“‘If his offering to the LORD is a burnt offering from the birds, he must present his offering from the turtledoves or from the young pigeons. 15 The priest must present it at the altar, pinch off its head and offer the head up in smoke on the altar, and its blood must be drained out against the side of the altar. 16 Then the priest must remove its entrails by cutting off its tail feathers, and throw them to the east side of the altar into the place of fatty ashes, 17 and tear it open by its wings without dividing it into two parts. Finally, the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar on the wood which is in the fire– it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the LORD.
• Lev 7:16 : 16 “‘If his offering is a votive or freewill sacrifice, it may be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, and also the leftovers from it may be eaten on the next day,
• Lev 10:13 : 13 You must eat it in a holy place because it is your allotted portion and the allotted portion of your sons from the gifts of the LORD, for this is what I have been commanded.
• Lev 22:18-23 : 18 “Speak to Aaron, his sons, and all the Israelites and tell them,‘When any man from the house of Israel or from the resident foreigners in Israel presents his offering for any of the votive or freewill offerings which they present to the LORD as a burnt offering, 19 if it is to be acceptable for your benefit it must be a flawless male from the cattle, sheep, or goats. 20 You must not present anything that has a flaw, because it will not be acceptable for your benefit. 21 If a man presents a peace offering sacrifice to the LORD for a special votive offering or for a freewill offering from the herd or the flock, it must be flawless to be acceptable; it must have no flaw. 22 “‘You must not present to the LORD something blind, or with a broken bone, or mutilated, or with a running sore, or with a festering eruption, or with a feverish rash. You must not give any of these as a gift on the altar to the LORD. 23 As for an ox or a sheep with a limb too long or stunted, you may present it as a freewill offering, but it will not be acceptable for a votive offering.
• Lev 23:1-9 : 1 Regulations for Israel’s Appointed Times The LORD spoke to Moses: 2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them,‘These are the LORD’s appointed times which you must proclaim as holy assemblies– my appointed times: 3 The Weekly Sabbath“‘Six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there must be a Sabbath of complete rest, a holy assembly. You must not do any work; it is a Sabbath to the LORD in all the places where you live. 4 The Festival of Passover and Unleavened Bread“‘These are the LORD’s appointed times, holy assemblies, which you must proclaim at their appointed time. 5 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, at twilight, is a Passover offering to the LORD. 6 Then on the fifteenth day of the same month will be the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the LORD; seven days you must eat unleavened bread. 7 On the first day there will be a holy assembly for you; you must not do any regular work. 8 You must present a gift to the LORD for seven days, and the seventh day is a holy assembly; you must not do any regular work.’” 9 The Presentation of First Fruits The LORD spoke to Moses: 10 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them,‘When you enter the land that I am about to give to you and you gather in its harvest, then you must bring the sheaf of the first portion of your harvest to the priest, 11 and he must wave the sheaf before the LORD to be accepted for your benefit– on the day after the Sabbath the priest is to wave it. 12 On the day you wave the sheaf you must also offer a flawless yearling lamb for a burnt offering to the LORD, 13 along with its grain offering, two tenths of an ephah of choice wheat flour mixed with olive oil, as a gift to the LORD, a soothing aroma, and its drink offering, one fourth of a hin of wine. 14 You must not eat bread, roasted grain, or fresh grain until this very day, until you bring the offering of your God. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all the places where you live. 15 The Festival of Weeks“‘You must count for yourselves seven weeks from the day after the Sabbath, from the day you bring the wave offering sheaf; they must be complete weeks. 16 You must count fifty days– until the day after the seventh Sabbath– and then you must present a new grain offering to the LORD. 17 From the places where you live you must bring two loaves of bread for a wave offering; they must be made from two tenths of an ephah of fine wheat flour, baked with yeast, as first fruits to the LORD. 18 Along with the loaves of bread, you must also present seven flawless yearling lambs, one young bull, and two rams. They are to be a burnt offering to the LORD along with their grain offering and drink offerings, a gift of a soothing aroma to the LORD. 19 You must also offer one male goat for a sin offering and two yearling lambs for a peace offering sacrifice, 20 and the priest is to wave them– the two lambs– along with the bread of the first fruits, as a wave offering before the LORD; they will be holy to the LORD for the priest. 21 “‘On this very day you must proclaim an assembly; it is to be a holy assembly for you. You must not do any regular work. This is a perpetual statute in all the places where you live throughout your generations. 22 When you gather in the harvest of your land, you must not completely harvest the corner of your field, and you must not gather up the gleanings of your harvest. You must leave them for the poor and the resident foreigner. I am the LORD your God.’” 23 The Festival of Horn Blasts The LORD spoke to Moses: 24 “Tell the Israelites,‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you must have a complete rest, a memorial announced by loud horn blasts, a holy assembly. 25 You must not do any regular work, but you must present a gift to the LORD. 26 The Day of Atonement The LORD spoke to Moses: 27 “The tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. It is to be a holy assembly for you, and you must humble yourselves and present a gift to the LORD. 28 You must not do any work on this particular day, because it is a day of atonement to make atonement for yourselves before the LORD your God. 29 Indeed, any person who does not behave with humility on this particular day will be cut off from his people. 30 As for any person who does any work on this particular day, I will exterminate that person from the midst of his people! 31 You must not do any work. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all the places where you live. 32 It is a Sabbath of complete rest for you, and you must humble yourselves on the ninth day of the month in the evening, from evening until evening you must observe your Sabbath.” 33 The Festival of Temporary Shelters The LORD spoke to Moses: 34 “Tell the Israelites,‘On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the Feast of Shelters for seven days to the LORD. 35 On the first day is a holy assembly; you must do no regular work. 36 For seven days you must present a gift to the LORD. On the eighth day there is to be a holy assembly for you, and you must present a gift to the LORD. It is a solemn assembly day; you must not do any regular work. 37 “‘These are the appointed times of the LORD that you must proclaim as holy assemblies to present a gift to the LORD– burnt offering, grain offering, sacrifice, and drink offerings, each day according to its regulation, 38 besides the Sabbaths of the LORD and all your gifts, votive offerings, and freewill offerings which you must give to the LORD. 39 “‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you gather in the produce of the land, you must celebrate a pilgrim festival of the LORD for seven days. On the first day is a complete rest and on the eighth day is complete rest. 40 On the first day you must take for yourselves branches from majestic trees– palm branches, branches of leafy trees, and willows of the brook– and you must rejoice before the LORD your God for seven days. 41 You must celebrate it as a pilgrim festival to the LORD for seven days in the year. This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations; you must celebrate it in the seventh month. 42 You must live in temporary shelters for seven days; every native citizen in Israel must live in shelters, 43 so that your future generations may know that I made the Israelites live in shelters when I brought them out from the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.’” 44 So Moses spoke to the Israelites about the appointed times of the LORD.