Revelation 1:4

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

From John, to the seven churches that are in the province of Asia: Grace and peace to you from“he who is,” and who was, and who is still to come, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἰωάννης ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ: χάρις ὑμῖν, καὶ εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ τοῦ ὁ ὢν, καὶ ὁ ἦν, καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος· καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ Πνευμάτων ἃ ἐστιν ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ·

Transliteration

Iōannēs to the hepta ekklēsiais to the ones in the Asia: charis to you, and eirēnē, from the one ōn, and the one who ēn, and the one erchomenos; and from the hepta Pneumatōn which estin enōpion of the thronou of him;

Grammar Details

• *Iōannēs*: nominative, masculine, singular - John
• *hepta*: numeral - seven
• *ekklēsiais*: dative, feminine, plural - churches/assemblies
• *Asia*: dative, feminine, singular - Asia
• *charis*: nominative, feminine, singular - grace
• *eirēnē*: nominative, feminine, singular - peace
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being/is
• *ēn*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was
• *erchomenos*: present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - coming
• *Pneumatōn*: genitive, neuter, plural - Spirits
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd singular - is/are
• *enōpion*: preposition - before/in the presence of
• *thronou*: genitive, masculine, singular - throne

Word Meanings

• *ekklēsiais*: churches/assemblies/congregations
• *Pneumatōn*: Spirits/spiritual beings
• *enōpion*: before/in the presence of/in front of

Referenced Verses

• Rev 3:1 : 1 To the Church in Sardis“To the angel of the church in Sardis write the following:“This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who holds the seven spirits of God and the seven stars:‘I know your deeds, that you have a reputation that you are alive, but in reality you are dead.
• Rev 4:5 : 5 From the throne came out flashes of lightning and roaring and crashes of thunder. Seven flaming torches, which are the seven spirits of God, were burning in front of the throne
• Isa 11:2 : 2 The LORD’s Spirit will rest on him– a Spirit that gives extraordinary wisdom, a Spirit that provides the ability to execute plans, a Spirit that produces absolute loyalty to the LORD.
• Rev 5:6 : 6 Then I saw standing in the middle of the throne and of the four living creatures, and in the middle of the elders, a Lamb that appeared to have been killed. He had seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth.
• Zech 4:10 : 10 For who dares make light of small beginnings? These seven eyes will joyfully look on the tin tablet in Zerubbabel’s hand.(These are the eyes of the LORD, which constantly range across the whole earth.)
• Rev 1:8 : 8 “I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God– the one who is, and who was, and who is still to come– the All-Powerful!
• Heb 1:10-13 : 10 And,“You founded the earth in the beginning, Lord, and the heavens are the works of your hands. 11 They will perish, but you continue. And they will all grow old like a garment, 12 and like a robe you will fold them up and like a garment they will be changed, but you are the same and your years will never run out.” 13 But to which of the angels has he ever said,“Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet”?
• Heb 13:8 : 8 Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever!
• Rom 1:7 : 7 To all those loved by God in Rome, called to be saints: Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ!
• Isa 41:4 : 4 Who acts and carries out decrees? Who summons the successive generations from the beginning? I, the LORD, am present at the very beginning, and at the very end– I am the one.
• Zech 3:9 : 9 As for the stone I have set before Joshua– on the one stone there are seven eyes. I am about to engrave an inscription on it,’ says the LORD of Heaven’s Armies,‘to the effect that I will remove the iniquity of this land in a single day.
• Rev 4:8 : 8 Each one of the four living creatures had six wings and was full of eyes all around and inside. They never rest day or night, saying:“Holy Holy Holy is the Lord God, the All-Powerful, Who was and who is, and who is still to come!”
• Rev 3:7 : 7 To the Church in Philadelphia“To the angel of the church in Philadelphia write the following:“This is the solemn pronouncement of the Holy One, the True One, who holds the key of David, who opens doors no one can shut, and shuts doors no one can open:
• Rev 1:20-2:1 : 20 The mystery of the seven stars that you saw in my right hand and the seven golden lampstands is this: The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches and the seven lampstands are the seven churches. 1 To the Church in Ephesus“To the angel of the church in Ephesus, write the following:“This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who has a firm grasp on the seven stars in his right hand– the one who walks among the seven golden lampstands:
• Ps 90:2 : 2 Even before the mountains came into existence, or you brought the world into being, you were the eternal God.
• Ps 102:25-27 : 25 In earlier times you established the earth; the skies are your handiwork. 26 They will perish, but you will endure. They will wear out like a garment; like clothes you will remove them and they will disappear. 27 But you remain; your years do not come to an end.
• 1 Cor 1:3 : 3 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ!
• 1 Cor 12:4-9 : 4 Now there are different gifts, but the same Spirit. 5 And there are different ministries, but the same Lord. 6 And there are different results, but the same God who produces all of them in everyone. 7 To each person the manifestation of the Spirit is given for the benefit of all. 8 For one person is given through the Spirit the message of wisdom, and another the message of knowledge according to the same Spirit, 9 to another faith by the same Spirit, and to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit, 10 to another performance of miracles, to another prophecy, and to another discernment of spirits, to another different kinds of tongues, and to another the interpretation of tongues. 11 It is one and the same Spirit, distributing as he decides to each person, who produces all these things. 12 Different Members in One Body For just as the body is one and yet has many members, and all the members of the body– though many– are one body, so too is Christ. 13 For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body. Whether Jews or Greeks or slaves or free, we were all made to drink of the one Spirit.
• 2 Cor 1:2 : 2 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ!
• 1 Pet 1:1-2 : 1 ¶ Salutation From Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those temporarily residing abroad(in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, the province of Asia, and Bithynia) who are chosen 2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father by being set apart by the Spirit for obedience and for sprinkling with Jesus Christ’s blood. May grace and peace be yours in full measure!
• John 1:1 : 1 ¶ The Prologue to the Gospel In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was fully God.
• Acts 19:10 : 10 This went on for two years, so that all who lived in the province of Asia, both Jews and Greeks, heard the word of the Lord.
• Exod 3:14 : 14 God said to Moses,“I AM that I AM.” And he said,“You must say this to the Israelites,‘I AM has sent me to you.’”
• Isa 57:15 : 15 For this is what the high and exalted one says, the one who rules forever, whose name is holy:“I dwell in an exalted and holy place, but also with the discouraged and humiliated, in order to cheer up the humiliated and to encourage the discouraged.
• Mic 5:2 : 2 A King Will Come and a Remnant Will Prosper(5:1) As for you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, seemingly insignificant among the clans of Judah– from you a king will emerge who will rule over Israel on my behalf, one whose origins are in the distant past.
• Rev 2:8 : 8 To the Church in Smyrna“To the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following:“This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but came to life:
• Rev 2:18 : 18 To the Church in Thyatira“To the angel of the church in Thyatira write the following:“This is the solemn pronouncement of the Son of God, the one who has eyes like a fiery flame and whose feet are like polished bronze:
• Rev 1:11 : 11 saying:“Write in a book what you see and send it to the seven churches– to Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea.”