2 Timothy 4:1

World English Bible (2000)

I command you therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at his appearing and his Kingdom:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Διαμαρτύρομαι οὖν ἐγὼ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦ μέλλοντος κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς κατὰ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ·

Transliteration

Diamartyromai oun egō enōpion of the Theou, and of the Kyriou Iēsou Christou, the mellontos krinein zōntas and nekrous kata the epiphaneian of him and the basileian of him

Grammar Details

• *Diamartyromai*: present indicative middle/passive, 1st person singular - I solemnly charge/testify
• *oun*: inferential conjunction - therefore/then
• *egō*: personal pronoun, nominative singular - I/myself (emphatic)
• *enōpion*: preposition + genitive - before/in the presence of
• *Theou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of God
• *Kyriou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Lord
• *Iēsou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Jesus
• *Christou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Christ/Messiah
• *mellontos*: participle, present active, genitive masculine singular - who is about to/going to
• *krinein*: infinitive, present active - to judge
• *zōntas*: participle, present active, accusative masculine plural - living ones
• *nekrous*: adjective used as noun, accusative masculine plural - dead ones
• *kata*: preposition + accusative - according to/at
• *epiphaneian*: noun, accusative feminine singular - appearing/manifestation
• *basileian*: noun, accusative feminine singular - kingdom/reign

Word Meanings

• *Diamartyromai*: solemnly testify/charge/adjure
• *enōpion*: before/in the presence of/in the sight of
• *mellontos*: who is about to/who is going to/intending to
• *epiphaneian*: appearing/manifestation/visible presence
• *basileian*: kingdom/reign/royal power

Referenced Verses

• Acts 10:42 : 42 He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that this is he who is appointed by God as the Judge of the living and the dead.
• 1 Tim 5:21 : 21 I command you in the sight of God, and Christ Jesus, and the chosen angels, that you observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing by partiality.
• Matt 16:27 : 27 For the Son of Man will come in the glory of his Father with his angels, and then he will render to everyone according to his deeds.
• 2 Tim 2:14 : 14 Remind them of these things, charging them in the sight of the Lord, that they don't argue about words, to no profit, to the subverting of those who hear.
• 2 Tim 4:8 : 8 From now on, there is stored up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, will give to me on that day; and not to me only, but also to all those who have loved his appearing.
• Titus 2:13 : 13 looking for the blessed hope and appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ;
• Heb 9:27-28 : 27 Inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once, and after this, judgment, 28 so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, without sin, to those who are eagerly waiting for him for salvation.
• 1 Pet 4:5 : 5 who will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.
• Rev 20:11-15 : 11 I saw a great white throne, and him who sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away. There was found no place for them. 12 I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and they opened books. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged out of the things which were written in the books, according to their works. 13 The sea gave up the dead who were in it. Death and Hades gave up the dead who were in them. They were judged, each one according to his works. 14 Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death, the lake of fire. 15 If anyone was not found written in the book of life, he was cast into the lake of fire.
• 1 Pet 5:4 : 4 When the chief Shepherd is revealed, you will receive the crown of glory that doesn't fade away.
• 2 Pet 1:11 : 11 For thus you will be richly supplied with the entrance into the eternal Kingdom of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.
• 2 Pet 1:17 : 17 For he received from God the Father honor and glory, when the voice came to him from the Majestic Glory, "This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased."
• 1 John 2:28 : 28 Now, little children, remain in him, that when he appears, we may have boldness, and not be ashamed before him at his coming.
• Rev 1:7 : 7 Behold, he is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see him, including those who pierced him. All the tribes of the earth will mourn over him. Even so, Amen.
• 1 Pet 1:7 : 7 that the proof of your faith, which is more precious than gold that perishes even though it is tested by fire, may be found to result in praise, glory, and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ--
• Matt 25:31-46 : 31 "But when the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then he will sit on the throne of his glory. 32 Before him all the nations will be gathered, and he will separate them one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33 He will set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. 34 Then the King will tell those on his right hand, 'Come, blessed of my Father, inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; 35 for I was hungry, and you gave me food to eat. I was thirsty, and you gave me drink. I was a stranger, and you took me in. 36 I was naked, and you clothed me. I was sick, and you visited me. I was in prison, and you came to me.' 37 "Then the righteous will answer him, saying, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry, and feed you; or thirsty, and give you a drink? 38 When did we see you as a stranger, and take you in; or naked, and clothe you? 39 When did we see you sick, or in prison, and come to you?' 40 "The King will answer them, 'Most certainly I tell you, inasmuch as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me.' 41 Then he will say also to those on the left hand, 'Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his angels; 42 for I was hungry, and you didn't give me food to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me no drink; 43 I was a stranger, and you didn't take me in; naked, and you didn't clothe me; sick, and in prison, and you didn't visit me.' 44 "Then they will also answer, saying, 'Lord, when did we see you hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and didn't help you?' 45 "Then he will answer them, saying, 'Most certainly I tell you, inasmuch as you didn't do it to one of the least of these, you didn't do it to me.' 46 These will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life."
• Luke 19:12 : 12 He said therefore, "A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return.
• Luke 19:15 : 15 "It happened when he had come back again, having received the kingdom, that he commanded these servants, to whom he had given the money, to be called to him, that he might know what they had gained by conducting business.
• Luke 23:42 : 42 He said to Jesus, "Lord, remember me when you come into your Kingdom."
• John 5:22-27 : 22 For the Father judges no one, but he has given all judgment to the Son, 23 that all may honor the Son, even as they honor the Father. He who doesn't honor the Son doesn't honor the Father who sent him. 24 "Most certainly I tell you, he who hears my word, and believes him who sent me, has eternal life, and doesn't come into judgment, but has passed out of death into life. 25 Most certainly, I tell you, the hour comes, and now is, when the dead will hear the Son of God's voice; and those who hear will live. 26 For as the Father has life in himself, even so he gave to the Son also to have life in himself. 27 He also gave him authority to execute judgment, because he is a son of man.
• 1 Tim 6:13-14 : 13 I command you before God, who gives life to all things, and before Christ Jesus, who before Pontius Pilate testified the good confession, 14 that you keep the commandment without spot, blameless, until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ;
• Ps 50:6 : 6 The heavens shall declare his righteousness, for God himself is judge. Selah.
• Ps 96:13 : 13 before Yahweh; for he comes, for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness, the peoples with his truth.
• Ps 98:9 : 9 Let them sing before Yahweh, for he comes to judge the earth. He will judge the world with righteousness, and the peoples with equity.
• Acts 17:31 : 31 because he has appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man whom he has ordained; of which he has given assurance to all men, in that he has raised him from the dead."
• Rom 2:16 : 16 in the day when God will judge the secrets of men, according to my Good News, by Jesus Christ.
• Rom 14:9-9 : 9 For to this end Christ died, rose, and lived again, that he might be Lord of both the dead and the living. 10 But you, why do you judge your brother? Or you again, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of Christ. 11 For it is written, "'As I live,' says the Lord, 'to me every knee will bow. Every tongue will confess to God.'"
• 1 Cor 4:4-5 : 4 For I know nothing against myself. Yet I am not justified by this, but he who judges me is the Lord. 5 Therefore judge nothing before the time, until the Lord comes, who will both bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and reveal the counsels of the hearts. Then each man will get his praise from God.
• 2 Cor 5:9-9 : 9 Therefore also we make it our aim, whether at home or absent, to be well pleasing to him. 10 For we must all be revealed before the judgment seat of Christ; that each one may receive the things in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.
• Col 3:4 : 4 When Christ, our life, is revealed, then you will also be revealed with him in glory.
• 1 Thess 4:15-16 : 15 For this we tell you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive, who are left to the coming of the Lord, will in no way precede those who have fallen asleep. 16 For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with God's trumpet. The dead in Christ will rise first,
• 2 Thess 1:7-9 : 7 and to give relief to you who are afflicted with us, when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with his mighty angels in flaming fire, 8 giving vengeance to those who don't know God, and to those who don't obey the Good News of our Lord Jesus, 9 who will pay the penalty: eternal destruction from the face of the Lord and from the glory of his might, 10 when he comes to be glorified in his saints, and to be admired among all those who have believed (because our testimony to you was believed) in that day.
• 2 Thess 2:8 : 8 Then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord will kill with the breath of his mouth, and destroy by the manifestation of his coming;