Deuteronomy 5:21

World English Bible (2000)

"Neither shall you covet your neighbor's wife; neither shall you desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his male servant, or his female servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's."

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֑ךָ ס וְלֹ֨א תִתְאַוֶּ֜ה בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֗ךָ שָׂדֵ֜הוּ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ שׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ

Transliteration

And-not taḥmōd ʾēšet neighbor-of-you and-not titʾawweh bêt neighbor-of-you field-his and-servant-his and-maidservant-his ox-his and-donkey-his and-all which to-neighbor-of-you

Grammar Details

• *taḥmōd*: Qal imperfect 2ms - you shall covet
• *ʾēšet*: common noun, feminine singular construct - wife of
• *titʾawweh*: Hithpael imperfect 2ms - you shall desire
• *bêt*: common noun, masculine singular construct - house of

Word Meanings

• *taḥmōd*: you shall covet/you shall lust after/you shall wrongfully desire
• *ʾēšet*: wife/woman
• *titʾawweh*: you shall desire/you shall crave/you shall lust after
• *bêt*: house/household/dwelling

Referenced Verses

• Rom 13:9 : 9 For the commandments, "You shall not commit adultery," "You shall not murder," "You shall not steal," "You shall not give false testimony," "You shall not covet," and whatever other commandments there are, are all summed up in this saying, namely, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."
• Exod 20:17 : 17 "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."
• 1 Kgs 21:1-4 : 1 It happened after these things, that Naboth the Jezreelite had a vineyard, which was in Jezreel, hard by the palace of Ahab king of Samaria. 2 Ahab spoke to Naboth, saying, "Give me your vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs, because it is near to my house; and I will give you for it a better vineyard than it. Or, if it seems good to you, I will give you its worth in money." 3 Naboth said to Ahab, "May Yahweh forbid me, that I should give the inheritance of my fathers to you!" 4 Ahab came into his house sullen and angry because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said, "I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers." He laid himself down on his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.
• Mic 2:2 : 2 They covet fields, and seize them; and houses, and take them away: and they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage.
• Hab 2:9 : 9 Woe to him who gets an evil gain for his house, that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the hand of evil!
• Luke 12:15 : 15 He said to them, "Beware! Keep yourselves from covetousness, for a man's life doesn't consist of the abundance of the things which he possesses."
• Rom 7:7-8 : 7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? May it never be! However, I wouldn't have known sin, except through the law. For I wouldn't have known coveting, unless the law had said, "You shall not covet." 8 But sin, finding occasion through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of coveting. For apart from the law, sin is dead.
• 1 Tim 6:9-9 : 9 But those who are determined to be rich fall into a temptation and a snare and many foolish and harmful lusts, such as drown men in ruin and destruction. 10 For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some have been led astray from the faith in their greed, and have pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
• Heb 13:5 : 5 Be free from the love of money, content with such things as you have, for he has said, "I will in no way leave you, neither will I in any way forsake you."