Leviticus 19:11

World English Bible (2000)

"'You shall not steal. "'You shall not lie. "'You shall not deceive one another.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֖א תִּגְנֹ֑בוּ וְלֹא־תְכַחֲשׁ֥וּ וְלֹֽא־תְשַׁקְּר֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ בַּעֲמִיתֽוֹ

Transliteration

lōʾ tignōḇû wə-lōʾ-ṯəḵaḥăšû wə-lōʾ-ṯəšaqqərû ʾîš baʿămîṯô

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *tignōḇû*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall steal
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ṯəḵaḥăšû*: Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall deny/lie
• *ṯəšaqqərû*: Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall deal falsely
• *ʾîš*: noun, masculine singular - each man/person
• *baʿămîṯô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against his neighbor

Word Meanings

• *tignōḇû*: steal/take secretly
• *ṯəḵaḥăšû*: deny/lie/deceive/defraud
• *ṯəšaqqərû*: deal falsely/lie/deceive
• *ʿămîṯô*: his neighbor/associate/fellow/companion

Referenced Verses

• Eph 4:25 : 25 Therefore, putting away falsehood, speak truth each one with his neighbor. For we are members of one another.
• Col 3:9 : 9 Don't lie to one another, seeing that you have put off the old man with his doings,
• Exod 20:15 : 15 "You shall not steal.
• Ps 101:7 : 7 He who practices deceit won't dwell within my house. He who speaks falsehood won't be established before my eyes.
• Jer 9:3-5 : 3 They bend their tongue, [as it were] their bow, for falsehood; and they are grown strong in the land, but not for truth: for they proceed from evil to evil, and they don't know me, says Yahweh. 4 Take heed everyone of his neighbor, and don't trust in any brother; for every brother will utterly supplant, and every neighbor will go about with slanders. 5 They will deceive everyone his neighbor, and will not speak the truth: they have taught their tongue to speak lies; they weary themselves to commit iniquity.
• Zech 5:3-4 : 3 Then he said to me, "This is the curse that goes out over the surface of the whole land; for everyone who steals shall be cut off according to it on the one side; and everyone who swears falsely shall be cut off according to it on the other side. 4 I will cause it to go out," says Yahweh of Armies, "and it will enter into the house of the thief, and into the house of him who swears falsely by my name; and it will remain in the midst of his house, and will destroy it with its timber and its stones."
• Zech 8:16-17 : 16 These are the things that you shall do: speak every man the truth with his neighbor. Execute the judgment of truth and peace in your gates, 17 and let none of you devise evil in your hearts against his neighbor, and love no false oath: for all these are things that I hate," says Yahweh.
• Acts 5:3-4 : 3 But Peter said, "Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land? 4 While you kept it, didn't it remain your own? After it was sold, wasn't it in your power? How is it that you have conceived this thing in your heart? You haven't lied to men, but to God."
• Rom 3:4 : 4 May it never be! Yes, let God be found true, but every man a liar. As it is written, "That you might be justified in your words, and might prevail when you come into judgment."
• 1 Cor 6:8-9 : 8 No, but you yourselves do wrong, and defraud, and that against your brothers. 9 Or don't you know that the unrighteous will not inherit the Kingdom of God? Don't be deceived. Neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor male prostitutes, nor homosexuals, 10 nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor slanderers, nor extortioners, will inherit the Kingdom of God.
• Ps 116:11 : 11 I said in my haste, "All men are liars."
• Jer 6:13 : 13 "For from the least of them even to the greatest of them, everyone is given to covetousness; and from the prophet even to the priest, everyone deals falsely.
• Jer 7:9-9 : 9 Will you steal, murder, and commit adultery, and swear falsely, and burn incense to Baal, and walk after other gods that you have not known, 10 and come and stand before me in this house, which is called by my name, and say, We are delivered; that you may do all these abominations? 11 Is this house, which is called by my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes? Behold, I, even I, have seen it, says Yahweh.
• Exod 20:17 : 17 "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."
• Exod 22:1 : 1 "If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and kills it, or sells it; he shall pay five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep.
• Exod 22:7 : 7 "If a man delivers to his neighbor money or stuff to keep, and it is stolen out of the man's house; if the thief is found, he shall pay double.
• Exod 22:10-12 : 10 "If a man delivers to his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any animal to keep, and it dies or is injured, or driven away, no man seeing it; 11 the oath of Yahweh shall be between them both, whether he hasn't put his hand to his neighbor's goods; and its owner shall accept it, and he shall not make restitution. 12 But if it is stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner.
• Lev 6:2-3 : 2 "If anyone sins, and commits a trespass against Yahweh, and deals falsely with his neighbor in a matter of deposit, or of bargain, or of robbery, or has oppressed his neighbor, 3 or has found that which was lost, and dealt falsely therein, and swearing to a lie; in any of all these things that a man does, sinning therein;
• Deut 5:19 : 19 "Neither shall you steal.
• 1 Tim 1:10 : 10 for the sexually immoral, for homosexuals, for slave-traders, for liars, for perjurers, and for any other thing contrary to the sound doctrine;
• Rev 21:8 : 8 But for the cowardly, unbelieving, sinners, abominable, murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars, their part is in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur, which is the second death."
• Eph 4:28 : 28 Let him who stole steal no more; but rather let him labor, working with his hands the thing that is good, that he may have something to give to him who has need.
• 1 Kgs 13:18 : 18 He said to him, "I also am a prophet as you are; and an angel spoke to me by the word of Yahweh, saying, 'Bring him back with you into your house, that he may eat bread and drink water.'" He lied to him.