Jeremiah 38:18

World English Bible (2000)

But if you will not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and you shall not escape out of their hand.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאִ֣ם לֹֽא־תֵצֵ֗א אֶל־שָׂרֵי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְנִתְּנָ֞ה הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וּשְׂרָפ֖וּהָ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹֽא־תִמָּלֵ֥ט מִיָּדָֽם׃ ס

Transliteration

But-if not-tēṣēʾ to-śārê melek bābel, and-nittĕnāh the-ʿîr the-zōʾt in-yad the-kaśdîm, and-śĕrāpūhā in-the-ʾēš; and-you not-timmālēṭ from-yādām.

Grammar Details

• *tēṣēʾ*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with negative *lōʾ* and conditional *ʾim* - if you do not go out
• *śārê*: masculine plural construct - princes/officials of
• *melek*: masculine singular construct - king of
• *bābel*: proper name - Babylon
• *nittĕnāh*: Niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw-consecutive - and will be given
• *ʿîr*: feminine singular noun with article - the city
• *zōʾt*: feminine singular demonstrative - this
• *yad*: feminine singular construct with preposition *bĕ* - into the hand of
• *kaśdîm*: proper name with article - the Chaldeans
• *śĕrāpūhā*: Qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and they will burn it
• *ʾēš*: feminine singular noun with preposition *bĕ* - with fire
• *timmālēṭ*: Niphal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with negative *lōʾ* - you will not escape
• *yādām*: feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition *min* - from their hand

Word Meanings

• *tēṣēʾ*: go out/surrender/go forth
• *śārê*: princes/officials/commanders
• *melek*: king/ruler
• *bābel*: Babylon (proper name)
• *nittĕnāh*: will be given/will be handed over
• *ʿîr*: city/town
• *yad*: hand/power/control
• *kaśdîm*: Chaldeans/Babylonians
• *śĕrāpūhā*: they will burn it/they will set it on fire
• *ʾēš*: fire/flame
• *timmālēṭ*: escape/be delivered/save yourself
• *yādām*: their hand/their power/their control

Referenced Verses

• Jer 38:3 : 3 Thus says Yahweh, This city shall surely be given into the hand of the army of the king of Babylon, and he shall take it.
• Jer 24:8-9 : 8 As the bad figs, which can't be eaten, they are so bad, surely thus says Yahweh, So will I give up Zedekiah the king of Judah, and his princes, and the residue of Jerusalem, who remain in this land, and those who dwell in the land of Egypt, 9 I will even give them up to be tossed back and forth among all the kingdoms of the earth for evil; to be a reproach and a proverb, a taunt and a curse, in all places where I shall drive them. 10 I will send the sword, the famine, and the pestilence, among them, until they be consumed from off the land that I gave to them and to their fathers.
• Jer 32:3-5 : 3 For Zedekiah king of Judah had shut him up, saying, Why do you prophesy, and say, Thus says Yahweh, Behold, I will give this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall take it; 4 and Zedekiah king of Judah shall not escape out of the hand of the Chaldeans, but shall surely be delivered into the hand of the king of Babylon, and shall speak with him mouth to mouth, and his eyes shall see his eyes; 5 and he shall bring Zedekiah to Babylon, and he shall be there until I visit him, says Yahweh: though you fight with the Chaldeans, you shall not prosper?
• 2 Kgs 25:4-9 : 4 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war [fled] by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden (now the Chaldeans were against the city around it); and [the king] went by the way of the Arabah. 5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him. 6 Then they took the king, and carried him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment on him. 7 They killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon. 8 Now in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, to Jerusalem. 9 He burnt the house of Yahweh, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burnt he with fire. 10 All the army of the Chaldeans, who were [with] the captain of the guard, broke down the walls around Jerusalem.
• 2 Kgs 25:27-30 : 27 It happened in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, that Evilmerodach king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison; 28 and he spoke kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings who were with him in Babylon, 29 and changed his prison garments. [Jehoiachin] ate bread before him continually all the days of his life: 30 and for his allowance, there was a continual allowance given him of the king, every day a portion, all the days of his life.
• 2 Kgs 24:12 : 12 and Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he, and his mother, and his servants, and his princes, and his officers: and the king of Babylon took him in the eighth year of his reign.
• Jer 34:2-3 : 2 Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel, Go, and speak to Zedekiah king of Judah, and tell him, Thus says Yahweh, Behold, I will give this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall burn it with fire: 3 and you shall not escape out of his hand, but shall surely be taken, and delivered into his hand; and your eyes shall see the eyes of the king of Babylon, and he shall speak with you mouth to mouth, and you shall go to Babylon.
• Jer 34:19-22 : 19 the princes of Judah, and the princes of Jerusalem, the eunuchs, and the priests, and all the people of the land, who passed between the parts of the calf; 20 I will even give them into the hand of their enemies, and into the hand of those who seek their life; and their dead bodies shall be for food to the birds of the sky, and to the animals of the earth. 21 Zedekiah king of Judah and his princes will I give into the hand of their enemies, and into the hand of those who seek their life, and into the hand of the king of Babylon's army, who have gone away from you. 22 Behold, I will command, says Yahweh, and cause them to return to this city; and they shall fight against it, and take it, and burn it with fire: and I will make the cities of Judah a desolation, without inhabitant.
• Jer 37:8 : 8 The Chaldeans shall come again, and fight against this city; and they shall take it, and burn it with fire.
• Jer 38:23 : 23 They shall bring out all your wives and your children to the Chaldeans; and you shall not escape out of their hand, but shall be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon: and you shall cause this city to be burned with fire.
• Jer 39:3 : 3 that all the princes of the king of Babylon came in, and sat in the middle gate, [to wit], Nergal Sharezer, Samgarnebo, Sarsechim, Rabsaris, Nergal Sharezer, Rabmag, with all the rest of the princes of the king of Babylon.
• Jer 39:5-7 : 5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after them, and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho: and when they had taken him, they brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to Riblah in the land of Hamath; and he gave judgment on him. 6 Then the king of Babylon killed the sons of Zedekiah in Riblah before his eyes: also the king of Babylon killed all the nobles of Judah. 7 Moreover he put out Zedekiah's eyes, and bound him in fetters, to carry him to Babylon.
• Jer 52:7-9 : 7 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled, and went forth out of the city by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden; (now the Chaldeans were against the city all around;) and they went toward the Arabah. 8 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him. 9 Then they took the king, and carried him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah in the land of Hamath; and he gave judgment on him. 10 The king of Babylon killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes: he killed also all the princes of Judah in Riblah. 11 He put out the eyes of Zedekiah; and the king of Babylon bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon, and put him in prison until the day of his death.
• Ezek 12:13 : 13 My net also will I spread on him, and he shall be taken in my snare; and I will bring him to Babylon to the land of the Chaldeans; yet shall he not see it, though he shall die there.
• Ezek 17:20-21 : 20 I will spread my net on him, and he shall be taken in my snare, and I will bring him to Babylon, and will enter into judgment with him there for his trespass that he has trespassed against me. 21 All his fugitives in all his bands shall fall by the sword, and those who remain shall be scattered toward every wind: and you shall know that I, Yahweh, have spoken it.
• Ezek 21:25-27 : 25 You, deadly wounded wicked one, the prince of Israel, whose day is come, in the time of the iniquity of the end, 26 thus says the Lord Yahweh: Remove the turban, and take off the crown; this [shall be] no more the same; exalt that which is low, and abase that which is high. 27 I will overturn, overturn, overturn it: this also shall be no more, until he come whose right it is; and I will give it [him].