Deuteronomy 5:21

Webster's Bible (1833)

"Neither shall you covet your neighbor's wife; neither shall you desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his man-servant, or his maid-servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's."

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֑ךָ ס וְלֹ֨א תִתְאַוֶּ֜ה בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֗ךָ שָׂדֵ֜הוּ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ שׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ

Transliteration

And-not taḥmōd ʾēšet neighbor-of-you and-not titʾawweh bêt neighbor-of-you field-his and-servant-his and-maidservant-his ox-his and-donkey-his and-all which to-neighbor-of-you

Grammar Details

• *taḥmōd*: Qal imperfect 2ms - you shall covet
• *ʾēšet*: common noun, feminine singular construct - wife of
• *titʾawweh*: Hithpael imperfect 2ms - you shall desire
• *bêt*: common noun, masculine singular construct - house of

Word Meanings

• *taḥmōd*: you shall covet/you shall lust after/you shall wrongfully desire
• *ʾēšet*: wife/woman
• *titʾawweh*: you shall desire/you shall crave/you shall lust after
• *bêt*: house/household/dwelling

Referenced Verses

• Rom 13:9 : 9 For the commandments, "You shall not commit adultery," "You shall not murder," "You shall not steal," "You shall not give false testimony," "You shall not covet,"{TR adds "You shall not give false testimony,"} and whatever other commandments there are, are all summed up in this saying, namely, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."
• Exod 20:17 : 17 "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."
• 1 Kgs 21:1-4 : 1 It happened after these things, that Naboth the Jezreelite had a vineyard, which was in Jezreel, hard by the palace of Ahab king of Samaria. 2 Ahab spoke to Naboth, saying, Give me your vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs, because it is near to my house; and I will give you for it a better vineyard than it: or, if it seem good to you, I will give you the worth of it in money. 3 Naboth said to Ahab, Yahweh forbid it me, that I should give the inheritance of my fathers to you. 4 Ahab came into his house sullen and angry because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said, I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers. He laid him down on his bed, and turned away his face, and would eat no bread.
• Mic 2:2 : 2 They covet fields, and seize them; And houses, and take them away: And they oppress a man and his house, Even a man and his heritage.
• Hab 2:9 : 9 Woe to him who gets an evil gain for his house, that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the hand of evil!
• Luke 12:15 : 15 He said to them, "Beware! Keep yourselves from covetousness, for a man's life doesn't consist of the abundance of the things which he possesses."
• Rom 7:7-8 : 7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? May it never be! However, I wouldn't have known sin, except through the law. For I wouldn't have known coveting, unless the law had said, "You shall not covet." 8 But sin, finding occasion through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of coveting. For apart from the law, sin is dead.
• 1 Tim 6:9-9 : 9 But those who are determined to be rich fall into a temptation and a snare and many foolish and harmful lusts, such as drown men in ruin and destruction. 10 For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some have been led astray from the faith in their greed, and have pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
• Heb 13:5 : 5 Be free from the love of money, content with such things as you have, for he has said, "I will in no way leave you, neither will I in any way forsake you."