Daniel 9:11

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

and all Israel have transgressed Thy law, to turn aside so as not to hearken to Thy voice; and poured on us is the execration, and the oath, that is written in the law of Moses, servant of God, because we have sinned against Him.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עָֽבְרוּ֙ אֶת־תּ֣וֹרָתֶ֔ךָ וְס֕וֹר לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּקֹלֶ֑ךָ וַתִּתַּ֨ךְ עָלֵ֜ינוּ הָאָלָ֣ה וְהַשְּׁבֻעָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר כְּתוּבָה֙ בְּתוֹרַת֙ מֹשֶׁ֣ה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And all-yiśrāʾêl ʿāḇrû ʾeṯ-tôrāṯeḵā and sôr to not šəmôaʿ in qōleḵā, and wattittaḵ upon us the ʾālāh and the šəḇuʿāh which kəṯûḇāh in tôraṯ mōšeh ʿeḇeḏ-the ʾĕlōhîm for ḥāṭāʾnû to him.

Grammar Details

• *yiśrāʾêl*: proper noun - Israel
• *ʿāḇrû*: perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they transgressed
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *tôrāṯeḵā*: noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your law
• *sôr*: infinitive absolute, qal - turning aside
• *šəmôaʿ*: infinitive construct, qal - to hear
• *qōleḵā*: noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your voice
• *wattittaḵ*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal - and it was poured out
• *ʾālāh*: noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the curse
• *šəḇuʿāh*: noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the oath
• *kəṯûḇāh*: passive participle, qal, feminine, singular - written
• *tôraṯ*: noun, feminine, singular construct - law of
• *mōšeh*: proper noun - Moses
• *ʿeḇeḏ*: noun, masculine, singular construct - servant of
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the God
• *ḥāṭāʾnû*: perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned

Word Meanings

• *ʿāḇrû*: they transgressed/crossed over/violated
• *sôr*: turning aside/departing/deviating
• *šəmôaʿ*: to hear/listen/obey
• *wattittaḵ*: and it was poured out/spilled/brought down
• *ʾālāh*: curse/oath of punishment
• *šəḇuʿāh*: oath/sworn judgment

Referenced Verses

• Isa 1:4-6 : 4 Ah, sinning nation, a people heavy `with' iniquity, A seed of evil doers, sons -- corrupters! They have forsaken Jehovah, They have despised the Holy One of Israel, They have gone away backward. 5 Wherefore are ye stricken any more? Ye do add apostacy! Every head is become diseased, and every heart `is' sick. 6 From the sole of the foot -- unto the head, There is no soundness in it, Wound, and bruise, and fresh smiting! They have not been closed nor bound, Nor have they softened with ointment.
• Jer 8:5-9 : 5 Wherefore hath this people of Jerusalem Turned back -- a perpetual backsliding? They have kept hold on deceit, They have refused to turn back. 6 I have given attention, yea, I hearken, They do not speak right, No man hath repented of his wickedness, Saying, What have I done? Every one hath turned to his courses, As a horse is rushing into battle. 7 Even a stork in the heavens hath known her seasons, And turtle, and swallow, and crane, Have watched the time of their coming, And -- My people have not known the judgment of Jehovah. 8 How do ye say, We `are' wise, And the law of Jehovah `is' with us? Surely, lo, falsely it hath wrought, The false pen of scribes. 9 Ashamed have been the wise, They have been affrighted, and are captured, Lo, against a word of Jehovah they kicked, And the wisdom of what -- have they? 10 Therefore, I give their wives to others, Their fields to dispossessors, For from the least even unto the greatest, Every one is gaining dishonest gain, From prophet even unto priest, every one is dealing falsely.
• Deut 27:15-26 : 15 `Cursed `is' the man who maketh a graven and molten image, the abomination of Jehovah, work of the hands of an artificer, and hath put `it' in a secret place, -- and all the people have answered and said, Amen. 16 `Cursed `is' He who is making light of his father and his mother, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 17 `Cursed `is' he who is removing his neighbour's border, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 18 `Cursed `is' he who is causing the blind to err in the way, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 19 `Cursed `is' he who is turning aside the judgment of fatherless, sojourner, and widow, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 20 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with his father's wife, for he hath uncovered his father's skirt, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 21 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with any beast, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 22 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with his sister, daughter of his father, or daughter of his mother, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 23 `Cursed `is' he who is lying with his mother-in-law, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 24 `Cursed `is' he who is smiting his neighbour in secret, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 25 `Cursed `is' he who is taking a bribe to smite a person, innocent blood, -- and all the people have said, Amen. 26 `Cursed `is' he who doth not establish the words of this law, to do them, -- and all the people have said, Amen.
• Deut 28:15-68 : 15 `And it hath been, if thou dost not hearken unto the voice of Jehovah thy God to observe to do all His commands, and His statutes, which I am commanding thee to-day, that all these revilings have come upon thee, and overtaken thee: 16 `Cursed `art' thou in the city, and cursed `art' thou in the field. 17 `Cursed `is' thy basket and thy kneading-trough. 18 `Cursed `is' the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, increase of thine oxen, and wealth of thy flock. 19 `Cursed `art' thou in thy coming in, and cursed `art' thou in thy going out. 20 `Jehovah doth send on thee the curse, the trouble, and the rebuke, in every putting forth of thy hand which thou dost, till thou art destroyed, and till thou perish hastily, because of the evil of thy doings `by' which thou hast forsaken Me. 21 `Jehovah doth cause to cleave to thee the pestilence, till He consume thee from off the ground whither thou art going in to possess it. 22 `Jehovah doth smite thee with consumption, and with fever, and with inflammation, and with extreme burning, and with sword, and with blasting, and with mildew, and they have pursued thee till thou perish 23 `And thy heavens which `are' over thy head have been brass, and the earth which `is' under thee iron; 24 Jehovah giveth the rain of thy land -- dust and ashes; from the heavens it cometh down on thee till thou art destroyed. 25 `Jehovah giveth thee smitten before thine enemies; in one way thou goest out unto them, and in seven ways dost flee before them, and thou hast been for a trembling to all kingdoms of the earth; 26 and thy carcase hath been for food to every fowl of the heavens, and to the beast of the earth, and there is none causing trembling. 27 `Jehovah doth smite thee with the ulcer of Egypt, and with emerods, and with scurvy, and with itch, of which thou art not able to be healed. 28 `Jehovah doth smite thee with madness, and with blindness, and with astonishment of heart; 29 and thou hast been gropling at noon, as the blind gropeth in darkness; and thou dost not cause thy ways to prosper; and thou hast been only oppressed and plundered all the days, and there is no saviour. 30 `A woman thou dost betroth, and another man doth lie with her; a house thou dost build, and dost not dwell in it; a vineyard thou dost plant, and dost not make it common; 31 thine ox `is' slaughtered before thine eyes, and thou dost not eat of it; thine ass `is' taken violently away from before thee, and it is not given back to thee; thy sheep `are' given to thine enemies, and there is no saviour for thee. 32 `Thy sons and thy daughters `are' given to another people, and thine eyes are looking and consuming for them all the day, and thy hand is not to God! 33 The fruit of thy ground, and all thy labour, eat up doth a people whom thou hast not known; and thou hast been only oppressed and bruised all the days; 34 and thou hast been mad, because of the sight of thine eyes which thou dost see. 35 `Jehovah doth smite thee with an evil ulcer, on the knees, and on the legs (of which thou art not able to be healed), from the sole of thy foot even unto thy crown. 36 `Jehovah doth cause thee to go, and thy king whom thou raisest up over thee, unto a nation which thou hast not known, thou and thy fathers, and thou hast served there other gods, wood and stone; 37 and thou hast been for an astonishment, for a simile, and for a byword among all the peoples whither Jehovah doth lead thee. 38 `Much seed thou dost take out into the field, and little thou dost gather in, for the locust doth consume it; 39 vineyards thou dost plant, and hast laboured, and wine thou dost not drink nor gather, for the worm doth consume it; 40 olives are to thee in all thy border, and oil thou dost not pour out, for thine olive doth fall off. 41 `Sons and daughters thou dost beget, and they are not with thee, for they go into captivity; 42 all thy trees and the fruit of thy ground doth the locust possess; 43 the sojourner who `is' in thy midst goeth up above thee very high, and thou goest down very low; 44 he doth lend `to' thee, and thou dost not lend `to' him; he is for head, and thou art for tail. 45 `And come upon thee have all these curses, and they have pursued thee, and overtaken thee, till thou art destroyed, because thou hast not hearkened to the voice of Jehovah thy God, to keep His commands, and His statutes, which he hath commanded thee; 46 and they have been on thee for a sign and for a wonder, also on thy seed -- to the age. 47 `Because that thou hast not served Jehovah thy God with joy, and with gladness of heart, because of the abundance of all things -- 48 thou hast served thine enemies, whom Jehovah sendeth against thee, in hunger, and in thirst, and in nakedness, and in lack of all things; and he hath put a yoke of iron on thy neck, till He hath destroyed thee. 49 `Jehovah doth lift up against thee a nation, from afar, from the end of the earth, as the eagle it flieth; a nation whose tongue thou hast not heard, 50 a nation -- fierce of countenance -- which accepteth not the face of the aged, and the young doth not favour; 51 and it hath eaten the fruit of thy cattle, and the fruit of thy ground, till thou art destroyed; which leaveth not to thee corn, new wine, and oil, increase of thine oxen, and wealth of thy flock, till it hath destroyed thee. 52 `And it hath laid siege to thee in all thy gates, till thy walls come down, the high and the fenced ones in which thou art trusting, in all thy land; yea, it hath laid siege to thee in all thy gates, in all thy land, which Jehovah thy God hath given to thee; 53 and thou hast eaten the fruit of thy body, flesh of thy sons and thy daughters (whom Jehovah thy God hath given to thee), in the siege, and in the straitness with which thine enemies do straiten thee. 54 `The man who is tender in thee, and who `is' very delicate -- his eye is evil against his brother, and against the wife of his bosom, and against the remnant of his sons whom he leaveth, 55 against giving to one of them of the flesh of his sons whom he eateth, because he hath nothing left to him, in the siege, and in the straitness with which thine enemy doth straiten thee in all thy gates. 56 `The tender woman in thee, and the delicate, who hath not tried the sole of her foot to place on the ground because of delicateness and because of tenderness -- her eye is evil against the husband of her bosom, and against her son, and against her daughter, 57 and against her seed which cometh out from between her feet, even against her sons whom she doth bear, for she doth eat them for the lacking of all things in secret, in the siege and in the straitness with which thine enemy doth straiten thee within thy gates. 58 `If thou dost not observe to do all the words of this law which are written in this book, to fear this honoured and fearful name -- Jehovah thy God -- 59 then hath Jehovah made wonderful thy strokes, and the strokes of thy seed -- great strokes, and stedfast, and evil sicknesses, and stedfast. 60 `And He hath brought back on thee all the diseases of Egypt, of the presence of which thou hast been afraid, and they have cleaved to thee; 61 also every sickness and every stroke which is not written in the book of this law; Jehovah doth cause them to go up upon thee till thou art destroyed, 62 and ye have been left with few men, instead of which ye have been as stars of the heavens for multitude, because thou hast not hearkened to the voice of Jehovah thy God. 63 `And it hath been, as Jehovah hath rejoiced over you to do you good, and to multiply you, so doth Jehovah rejoice over you to destroy you, and to lay you waste; and ye have been pulled away from off the ground whither thou art going in to possess it; 64 and Jehovah hath scattered thee among all the peoples, from the end of the earth even unto the end of the earth; and thou hast served there other gods which thou hast not known, thou and thy fathers -- wood and stone. 65 `And among those nations thou dost not rest, yea, there is no resting-place for the sole of thy foot, and Jehovah hath given to thee there a trembling heart, and failing of eyes, and grief of soul; 66 and thy life hath been hanging in suspense before thee, and thou hast been afraid by night and by day, and dost not believe in thy life; 67 in the morning thou sayest, O that it were evening! and in the evening thou sayest, O that it were morning! from the fear of thy heart, with which thou art afraid, and from the sight of thine eyes which thou seest. 68 `And Jehovah hath brought thee back to Egypt with ships, by a way of which I said to thee, Thou dost not add any more to see it, and ye have sold yourselves there to thine enemies, for men-servants and for maid-servants, and there is no buyer.'
• Deut 29:20-29 : 20 Jehovah is not willing to be propitious to him, for then doth the anger of Jehovah smoke, also His zeal, against that man, and lain down on him hath all the oath which is written in this book, and Jehovah hath blotted out his name from under the heavens, 21 and Jehovah hath separated him for evil, out of all the tribes of Israel, according to all the oaths of the covenant which is written in this book of the law. 22 `And the latter generation of your sons who rise after you, and the stranger who cometh in from a land afar off, have said when they have seen the strokes of that land, and its sicknesses which Jehovah hath sent into it, -- 23 (`with' brimstone and salt is the whole land burnt, it is not sown, nor doth it shoot up, nor doth there go up on it any herb, like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboim, which Jehovah overturned in His anger, and in His fury,) -- 24 yea, all the nations have said, Wherefore hath Jehovah done thus to this land? what the heat of this great anger? 25 `And they have said, Because that they have forsaken the covenant of Jehovah, God of their fathers, which He made with them in His bringing them out of the land of Egypt, 26 and they go and serve other gods, and bow themselves to them -- gods which they have not known, and which He hath not apportioned to them; 27 and the anger of Jehovah burneth against that land, to bring in on it all the reviling that is written in this book, 28 and Jehovah doth pluck them from off their ground in anger, and in fury, and in great wrath, and doth cast them unto another land, as `at' this day. 29 `The things hidden `are' to Jehovah our God, and the things revealed `are' to us and to our sons -- to the age, to do all the words of this law.
• Deut 30:17-19 : 17 `And if thy heart doth turn, and thou dost not hearken, and hast been driven away, and hast bowed thyself to other gods, and served them, 18 I have declared to you this day, that ye do certainly perish, ye do not prolong days on the ground which thou art passing over the Jordan to go in thither to possess it. 19 `I have caused to testify against you to-day the heavens and the earth; life and death I have set before thee, the blessing and the reviling; and thou hast fixed on life, so that thou dost live, thou and thy seed,
• Deut 31:17-18 : 17 and Mine anger hath burned against it in that day, and I have forsaken them, and hidden My face from them, and it hath been for consumption, and many evils and distresses have found it, and it hath said in that day, Is it not because that my God is not in my midst -- these evils have found me? 18 and I certainly hide My face in that day for all the evil which it hath done, for it hath turned unto other gods.
• Deut 32:19-42 : 19 And Jehovah seeth and despiseth -- For the provocation of His sons and His daughters. 20 And He saith: I hide My face from them, I see what `is' their latter end; For a froward generation `are' they, Sons in whom is no stedfastness. 21 They have made Me zealous by `no-god,' They made Me angry by their vanities; And I make them zealous by `no-people,' By a foolish nation I make them angry. 22 For a fire hath been kindled in Mine anger, And it burneth unto Sheol -- the lowest, And consumeth earth and its increase, And setteth on fire foundations of mountains. 23 I gather upon them evils, Mine arrows I consume upon them. 24 Exhausted by famine, And consumed by heat, and bitter destruction. And the teeth of beasts I send upon them, With poison of fearful things of the dust. 25 Without bereave doth the sword, And at the inner-chambers -- fear, Both youth and virgin, Suckling with man of grey hair. 26 I have said: I blow them away, I cause their remembrance to cease from man; 27 If not -- the anger of an enemy I fear, Lest their adversaries know -- Lest they say, Our hand is high, And Jehovah hath not wrought all this. 28 For a nation lost to counsels `are' they, And there is no understanding in them. 29 If they were wise -- They deal wisely `with' this; They attend to their latter end: 30 How doth one pursue a thousand, And two cause a myriad to flee! If not -- that their rock hath sold them, And Jehovah hath shut them up? 31 For not as our Rock `is' their rock, (And our enemies `are' judges!) 32 For of the vine of Sodom their vine `is', And of the fields of Gomorrah; Their grapes `are' grapes of gall -- They have bitter clusters; 33 The poison of dragons `is' their wine And the fierce venom of asps. 34 Is it not laid up with Me? Sealed among My treasures? 35 Mine `are' vengeance and recompense, At the due time -- doth their foot slide; For near is a day of their calamity, And haste do things prepared for them. 36 For Jehovah doth judge His people, And for His servants doth repent Himself. For He seeth -- the going away of power, And none is restrained and left. 37 And He hath said, Where `are' their gods -- The rock in which they trusted; 38 Which the fat of their sacrifices do eat, They drink the wine of their libation! Let them arise and help you, Let it be for you a hiding-place! 39 See ye, now, that I -- I `am' He, And there is no god with Me: I put to death, and I keep alive; I have smitten, and I heal; And there is not from My hand a deliverer, 40 For I lift up unto the heavens My hand, And have said, I live -- to the age! 41 If I have sharpened the brightness of My sword, And My hand doth lay hold on judgment, I turn back vengeance to Mine adversaries, And to those hating Me -- I repay! 42 I make drunk Mine arrows with blood, And My sword devoureth flesh, From the blood of the pierced and captive, From the head of the freemen of the enemy.
• 2 Kgs 17:18-23 : 18 That Jehovah sheweth himself very angry against Israel, and turneth them aside from His presence; none hath been left, only the tribe of Judah by itself. 19 Also Judah hath not kept the commands of Jehovah their God, and they walk in the statutes of Israel that they had made. 20 And Jehovah kicketh against all the seed of Israel, and afflicteth them, and giveth them into the hand of spoilers, till that He hath cast them out of His presence, 21 for He hath rent Israel from the house of David, and they make Jeroboam son of Nebat king, and Jeroboam driveth Israel from after Jehovah, and hath caused them to sin a great sin, 22 and the sons of Israel walk in all the sins of Jeroboam that he did, they have not turned aside therefrom, 23 till that Jehovah hath turned Israel aside from His presence, as He spake by the hand of all His servants the prophets, and Israel is removed from off its land to Asshur, unto this day.
• Jer 9:26 : 26 On Egypt, and on Judah, and on Edom, And on the sons of Ammon, and on Moab, And on all cutting the corner `of the beard', Who are dwelling in the wilderness, For all the nations `are' uncircumcised, And all the house of Israel `are' uncircumcised in heart!
• Ezek 22:26-31 : 26 Its priests have wronged My law, And they pollute My holy things, Between holy and common they have not made separation, And between the unclean and the clean they have not made known, And from my sabbaths they have hidden their eyes, And I am pierced in their midst. 27 Its princes in its midst `are' as wolves, Tearing prey, to shed blood, to destroy souls, For the sake of gaining dishonest gain. 28 And its prophets have daubed for them with chalk, Seeing a vain thing, and divining for them a lie, Saying, `Thus said the Lord Jehovah:' And Jehovah hath not spoken. 29 The people of the land have used oppression, And have taken plunder violently away, And humble and needy have oppressed, And the sojourner oppressed -- without judgment. 30 And I seek of them a man making a fence, And standing in the breach before Me, In behalf of the land -- not to destroy it, And I have not found. 31 And I pour out on them mine indignation, By fire of My wrath I have consumed them, Their way on their own head I have put, An affirmation of the Lord Jehovah!'
• Lev 26:14-46 : 14 `And if ye do not hearken to Me, and do not all these commands; 15 and if at My statutes ye kick, and if My judgments your soul loathe, so as not to do all My commands -- to your breaking My covenant -- 16 I also do this to you, and I have appointed over you trouble, the consumption, and the burning fever, consuming eyes, and causing pain of soul; and your seed in vain ye have sowed, and your enemies have eaten it; 17 and I have set My face against you, and ye have been smitten before your enemies; and those hating you have ruled over you, and ye have fled, and there is none pursuing you. 18 `And if unto these ye hearken not to Me, -- then I have added to chastise you seven times for your sins; 19 and I have broken the pride of your strength, and have made your heavens as iron, and your earth as brass; 20 and consumed hath been your strength in vain, and your land doth not give her produce, and the tree of the land doth not give its fruit. 21 `And if ye walk with Me `in' opposition, and are not willing to hearken to Me, then I have added to you a plague seven times, according to your sins, 22 and sent against you the beast of the field, and it hath bereaved you; and I have cut off your cattle, and have made you few, and your ways have been desolate. 23 `And if by these ye are not instructed by Me, and have walked with Me `in' opposition, 24 then I have walked -- I also -- with you in opposition, and have smitten you, even I, seven times for your sins; 25 and I have brought in on you a sword, executing the vengeance of a covenant; and ye have been gathered unto your cities, and I have sent pestilence into your midst, and ye have been given into the hand of an enemy. 26 `In My breaking to you the staff of bread, then ten women have baked your bread in one oven, and have given back your bread by weight; and ye have eaten, and are not satisfied. 27 `And if for this ye hearken not to Me, and have walked with Me in opposition, 28 then I have walked with you in the fury of opposition, and have chastised you, even I, seven times for your sins. 29 `And ye have eaten the flesh of your sons; even flesh of your daughters ye do eat. 30 And I have destroyed your high places, and cut down your images, and have put your carcases on the carcases of your idols, and My soul hath loathed you; 31 and I have made your cities a waste, and have made desolate your sanctuaries, and I smell not at your sweet fragrances; 32 and I have made desolate the land, and your enemies, who are dwelling in it, have been astonished at it. 33 And you I scatter among nations, and have drawn out after you a sword, and your land hath been a desolation, and your cities are a waste. 34 `Then doth the land enjoy its sabbaths -- all the days of the desolation, and ye in the land of your enemies -- then doth the land rest, and hath enjoyed its sabbaths; 35 all the days of the desolation it resteth that which it hath not rested in your sabbaths in your dwelling on it. 36 `And those who are left of you -- I have also brought a faintness into their heart in the lands of their enemies, and the sound of a leaf driven away hath pursued them, and they have fled -- flight from a sword -- and they have fallen, and there is none pursuing. 37 And they have stumbled one on another, as from the face of a sword, and there is none pursuing, and ye have no standing before your enemies, 38 and ye have perished among the nations, and the land of your enemies hath consumed you. 39 `And those who are left of you -- they consume away in their iniquity, in the lands of your enemies; and also in the iniquities of their fathers, with them they consume away. 40 `And -- they have confessed their iniquity, and the iniquity of their fathers, in their trespass which they have trespassed against Me, and also, that they have walked with Me, in opposition, 41 also I walk to them in opposition, and have brought them into the land of their enemies -- or then their uncircumcised heart is humbled, and then they accept the punishment of their iniquity, -- 42 then I have remembered My covenant `with' Jacob, and also My covenant `with' Isaac, and also My covenant `with' Abraham I remember, and the land I remember. 43 `And -- the land is left of them, and doth enjoy its sabbaths, in the desolation without them, and they accept the punishment of their iniquity, because, even because, against My judgments they have kicked, and My statutes hath their soul loathed, 44 and also even this, in their being in the land of their enemies, I have not rejected them, nor have I loathed them, to consume them, to break My covenant with them; for I `am' Jehovah their God; -- 45 then I have remembered for them the covenant of the ancestors, whom I brought forth out of the land of Egypt before the eyes of the nations to become their God; I `am' Jehovah.' 46 These `are' the statutes, and the judgments, and the laws, which Jehovah hath given between Him and the sons of Israel, in mount Sinai, by the hand of Moses.