Genesis 1:1

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

In the beginning of God's preparing the heavens and the earth --

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

בְּרֵאשִׁ֖ית בָּרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֵ֥ת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֵ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ׃

Transliteration

In bĕrēšît bārā ʾĕlōhîm ʾēt the šāmayim wĕ-ʾēt the ʾāreṣ

Grammar Details

• *bĕrēšît*: preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in beginning of
• *bārā*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - created
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun, masculine plural - God
• *ʾēt*: direct object marker
• *šāmayim*: noun, masculine dual - heavens/sky
• *wĕ-ʾēt*: conjunction + direct object marker - and
• *ʾāreṣ*: noun, feminine singular - earth/land

Word Meanings

• *bĕrēšît*: in the beginning/at first/when beginning
• *bārā*: created/formed/shaped
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: God/gods/divine beings
• *šāmayim*: heavens/sky/visible firmament
• *ʾāreṣ*: earth/land/ground/territory

Referenced Verses

• Heb 11:3 : 3 by faith we understand the ages to have been prepared by a saying of God, in regard to the things seen not having come out of things appearing;
• Isa 45:18 : 18 For thus said Jehovah, Creator of heaven, He is God, Former of earth, and its Maker, He established it -- not empty He prepared it, For inhabiting He formed it: `I `am' Jehovah, and there is none else.
• John 1:1-3 : 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God; 2 this one was in the beginning with God; 3 all things through him did happen, and without him happened not even one thing that hath happened.
• Job 38:4 : 4 Where wast thou when I founded earth? Declare, if thou hast known understanding.
• Isa 42:5 : 5 Thus said God, Jehovah, preparing The heavens, and stretching them out, Spreading out the earth and its productions, Giving breath to the people on it, And spirit to those walking in it.
• Rev 4:11 : 11 `Worthy art Thou, O Lord, to receive the glory, and the honour, and the power, because Thou -- Thou didst create the all things, and because of Thy will are they, and they were created.'
• Heb 1:10 : 10 and, `Thou, at the beginning, Lord, the earth didst found, and a work of thy hands are the heavens;
• Acts 17:24 : 24 `God, who did make the world, and all things in it, this One, of heaven and of earth being Lord, in temples made with hands doth not dwell,
• Col 1:16-17 : 16 because in him were the all things created, those in the heavens, and those upon the earth, those visible, and those invisible, whether thrones, whether lordships, whether principalities, whether authorities; all things through him, and for him, have been created, 17 and himself is before all, and the all things in him have consisted.
• Exod 20:11 : 11 for six days hath Jehovah made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that `is' in them, and resteth in the seventh day; therefore hath Jehovah blessed the Sabbath-day, and doth sanctify it.
• Neh 9:6 : 6 Thou `art' He, O Jehovah, Thyself -- Thou hast made the heavens, the heavens of the heavens, and all their host, the earth and all that `are' on it, the seas and all that `are' in them, and Thou art keeping all of them alive, and the host of the heavens to Thee are bowing themselves.
• Isa 44:24 : 24 Thus said Jehovah, thy redeemer, And thy framer from the womb: `I `am' Jehovah, doing all things, Stretching out the heavens by Myself, Spreading out the earth -- who `is' with Me?
• Ps 136:5 : 5 To Him making the heavens by understanding, For to the age `is' His kindness.
• 2 Pet 3:5 : 5 for this is unobserved by them willingly, that the heavens were of old, and the earth out of water and through water standing together by the word of God,
• Acts 14:15 : 15 and saying, `Men, why these things do ye? and we are men like-affected with you, proclaiming good news to you, from these vanities to turn unto the living God, who made the heaven, and the earth, and the sea, and all the things in them;
• Jer 51:15 : 15 The maker of earth by His power, The establisher of the world by His wisdom, Who by His understanding stretched out the heavens,
• Ps 115:15 : 15 Blessed `are' ye of Jehovah, maker of heaven and earth,
• Prov 8:22-30 : 22 Jehovah possessed me -- the beginning of His way, Before His works since then. 23 From the age I was anointed, from the first, From former states of the earth. 24 In there being no depths, I was brought forth, In there being no fountains heavy `with' waters, 25 Before mountains were sunk, Before heights, I was brought forth. 26 While He had not made the earth, and out-places, And the top of the dusts of the world. 27 In His preparing the heavens I `am' there, In His decreeing a circle on the face of the deep, 28 In His strengthening clouds above, In His making strong fountains of the deep, 29 In His setting for the sea its limit, And the waters transgress not His command, In His decreeing the foundations of earth, 30 Then I am near Him, a workman, And I am a delight -- day by day. Rejoicing before Him at all times,
• Jer 10:12 : 12 The maker of the earth by His power, The establisher of the world by His wisdom, Who, by His understanding, stretched forth the heavens,
• Jer 32:17 : 17 `Ah, Lord Jehovah, lo, Thou hast made the heavens and the earth by Thy great power, and by Thy stretched-out arm; there is nothing too wonderful for Thee:
• Rev 14:7 : 7 saying in a great voice, `Fear ye God, and give to Him glory, because come did the hour of His judgment, and bow ye before Him who did make the heaven, and the land, and sea, and fountains of waters.'
• Zech 12:1 : 1 The burden of a word of Jehovah on Israel. An affirmation of Jehovah, Stretching out heaven, and founding earth, And forming the spirit of man in his midst.
• Isa 51:13 : 13 And thou dost forget Jehovah thy maker, Who is stretching out the heavens, and founding earth, And thou dost fear continually all the day, Because of the fury of the oppressor, As he hath prepared to destroy. And where `is' the fury of the oppressor?
• Prov 3:19 : 19 Jehovah by wisdom did found the earth, He prepared the heavens by understanding.
• Isa 40:26 : 26 Lift up on high your eyes, And see -- who hath prepared these? He who is bringing out by number their host, To all of them by name He calleth, By abundance of strength (And `he is' strong in power) not one is lacking.
• Ps 102:25 : 25 Beforetime the earth Thou didst found, And the work of Thy hands `are' the heavens.
• Ps 90:2 : 2 Before mountains were brought forth, And Thou dost form the earth and the world, Even from age unto age Thou `art' God.
• Ps 8:3 : 3 For I see Thy heavens, a work of Thy fingers, Moon and stars that Thou didst establish.
• Heb 1:2 : 2 in these last days did speak to us in a Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, through whom also He did make the ages;
• 1 Cor 8:6 : 6 yet to us `is' one God, the Father, of whom `are' the all things, and we to Him; and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom `are' the all things, and we through Him;
• Rev 10:6 : 6 and did swear in Him who doth live to the ages of the ages, who did create the heaven and the things in it, and the land and the things in it, and the sea and the things in it -- that time shall not be yet,
• 1 John 1:1 : 1 That which was from the beginning, that which we have heard, that which we have seen with our eyes, that which we did behold, and our hands did handle, concerning the Word of the Life --
• Acts 4:24 : 24 and they having heard, with one accord did lift up the voice unto God, and said, `Lord, thou `art' God, who didst make the heaven, and the earth, and the sea, and all that `are' in them,
• Rom 1:19-20 : 19 Because that which is known of God is manifest among them, for God did manifest `it' to them, 20 for the invisible things of Him from the creation of the world, by the things made being understood, are plainly seen, both His eternal power and Godhead -- to their being inexcusable;
• Ps 33:9 : 9 For He hath said, and it is, He hath commanded, and it standeth.
• Ps 104:24 : 24 How many have been Thy works, O Jehovah, All of them in wisdom Thou hast made, Full is the earth of thy possessions.
• Isa 40:28 : 28 Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard? The God of the age -- Jehovah, Preparer of the ends of the earth, Is not wearied nor fatigued, There is no searching of His understanding.
• Isa 37:16 : 16 `Jehovah of Hosts, God of Israel, inhabiting the cherubs, Thou `art' God Himself -- Thyself alone -- to all kingdoms of the earth, Thou hast made the heavens and the earth.
• Ps 146:6 : 6 Making the heavens and earth, The sea and all that `is' in them, Who is keeping truth to the age,
• Ps 148:4-5 : 4 Praise ye Him, heavens of heavens, And ye waters that are above the heavens. 5 They do praise the name of Jehovah, For He commanded, and they were created.
• Isa 51:16 : 16 And I put My words in thy mouth, And with the shadow of My hand have covered thee, To plant the heavens, and to found earth, And to say to Zion, `My people `art' thou.'
• Ps 124:8 : 8 Our help `is' in the name of Jehovah, Maker of the heavens and earth!
• Ps 89:11-12 : 11 Thine `are' the heavens -- the earth also `is' Thine, The habitable world and its fulness, Thou hast founded them. 12 North and south Thou hast appointed them, Tabor and Hermon in Thy name do sing.
• Ps 33:6 : 6 By the word of Jehovah The heavens have been made, And by the breath of His mouth all their host.
• 1 Chr 16:26 : 26 For all gods of the peoples `are' nought, And Jehovah the heavens hath made.
• Ps 121:2 : 2 My help `is' from Jehovah, maker of heaven and earth,
• Ps 96:5 : 5 For all the gods of the peoples `are' nought, And Jehovah made the heavens.
• Rom 11:36 : 36 because of Him, and through Him, and to Him `are' the all things; to Him `is' the glory -- to the ages. Amen.
• Heb 3:4 : 4 for every house is builded by some one, and He who the all things did build `is' God,
• Mark 13:19 : 19 for those days shall be tribulation, such as hath not been from the beginning of the creation that God created, till now, and may not be;
• Eph 3:9 : 9 and to cause all to see what `is' the fellowship of the secret that hath been hid from the ages in God, who the all things did create by Jesus Christ,
• Ps 104:30 : 30 Thou sendest out Thy Spirit, they are created, And Thou renewest the face of the ground.
• Ps 134:3 : 3 Jehovah doth bless thee out of Zion, The maker of the heavens and earth!
• Prov 16:4 : 4 All things hath Jehovah wrought for Himself, And also the wicked `worketh' for a day of evil.
• Job 26:13 : 13 By His Spirit the heavens He beautified, Formed hath His hand the fleeing serpent.
• Rev 3:14 : 14 `And to the messenger of the assembly of the Laodiceans write: These things saith the Amen, the witness -- the faithful and true -- the chief of the creation of God;
• Isa 65:17 : 17 For, lo, I am creating new heavens, and a new earth, And the former things are not remembered, Nor do they ascend on the heart.
• Rev 22:13 : 13 I am the Alpha and the Omega -- the Beginning and End -- the First and the Last.
• Matt 11:25 : 25 At that time Jesus answering said, `I do confess to Thee, Father, Lord of the heavens and of the earth, that thou didst hide these things from wise and understanding ones, and didst reveal them to babes.
• Eccl 12:1 : 1 Remember also thy Creators in days of thy youth, While that the evil days come not, Nor the years have arrived, that thou sayest, `I have no pleasure in them.'
• Rev 21:6 : 6 and He said to me, `It hath been done! I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End; I, to him who is thirsting, will give of the fountain of the water of the life freely;