Hebrews 11:29

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

By faith they did pass through the Red Sea as through dry land, which the Egyptians having received a trial of, were swallowed up;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Πίστει διέβησαν τὴν Ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς: ἧς πεῖραν λαβόντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι κατεπόθησαν.

Transliteration

By pistei they diebēsan the Erythran thalassan as through xēras: of which peiran having labontes the Aigyptioi were katepothēsan.

Grammar Details

• *pistei*: dative, feminine, singular - by faith
• *diebēsan*: aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - passed through/crossed over
• *Erythran*: accusative, feminine, singular - Red
• *thalassan*: accusative, feminine, singular - sea
• *xēras*: genitive, feminine, singular - of dry land
• *peiran*: accusative, feminine, singular - attempt/trial
• *labontes*: aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having taken/made
• *Aigyptioi*: nominative, masculine, plural - Egyptians
• *katepothēsan*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd plural - were swallowed up/drowned

Word Meanings

• *diebēsan*: passed through/crossed over/traversed
• *xēras*: dry land/earth
• *peiran*: attempt/trial/test
• *labontes*: having taken/made/attempted
• *katepothēsan*: were swallowed up/drowned/consumed

Referenced Verses

• Ps 106:9-9 : 9 And rebuketh the sea of Suph, and it is dried up, And causeth them to go Through depths as a wilderness. 10 And He saveth them from the hand Of him who is hating, And redeemeth them from the hand of the enemy. 11 And waters cover their adversaries, One of them hath not been left.
• Ps 114:1-5 : 1 In the going out of Israel from Egypt, The house of Jacob from a strange people, 2 Judah became His sanctuary, Israel his dominion. 3 The sea hath seen, and fleeth, The Jordan turneth backward. 4 The mountains have skipped as rams, Heights as sons of a flock. 5 What -- to thee, O sea, that thou fleest? O Jordan, thou turnest back!
• Ps 136:13-15 : 13 To Him cutting the sea of Suph into parts, For to the age `is' His kindness, 14 And caused Israel to pass through its midst, For to the age `is' His kindness, 15 And shook out Pharaoh and his force in the sea of Suph, For to the age `is' His kindness.
• Isa 11:15-16 : 15 And Jehovah hath devoted to destruction The tongue of the sea of Egypt, And hath waved His hand over the river, In the terror of his wind, And hath smitten it at the seven streams, And hath caused `men' to tread `it' with shoes. 16 And there hath been a highway, For the remnant of His people that is left, from Asshur, As there was for Israel in the day of his coming up out of the land of Egypt!
• Isa 51:9-9 : 9 Awake, awake, put on strength, O arm of Jehovah, Awake, as `in' days of old, generations of the ages, Art not Thou it that is hewing down Rahab, Piercing a dragon! 10 Art not Thou it that is drying up a sea, Waters of a great deep? That hath made deep places of a sea A way for the passing of the redeemed?
• Isa 63:11-16 : 11 And He remembereth the days of old, Moses -- his people. Where `is' He who is bringing them up from the sea, The shepherd of his flock? Where `is' He who is putting in its midst His Holy Spirit? 12 Leading by the right hand of Moses, the arm of His glory, Cleaving waters from before them, To make to Himself a name age-during. 13 Leading them through the depths, As a horse in a plain they stumble not. 14 As a beast into a valley goeth down, The Spirit of Jehovah causeth him to rest, So hast Thou led Thy people, To make to Thyself a glorious name. 15 Look attentively from the heavens, And see from Thy holy and beauteous habitation, Where `is' Thy zeal and Thy might? The multitude of Thy bowels and Thy mercies Towards me have refrained themselves. 16 For Thou `art' our Father, For Abraham hath not known us, And Israel doth not acknowledge us, Thou, O Jehovah, `art' our Father, Our redeemer from the age, `is' Thy name.
• Hab 3:8-9 : 8 Against rivers hath Jehovah been wroth? Against rivers `is' Thine anger? Against the sea `is' Thy wrath? For Thou dost ride on Thy horses -- Thy chariots of salvation? 9 Utterly naked Thou dost make Thy bow, Sworn are the tribes -- saying, `Pause!' `With' rivers Thou dost cleave the earth. 10 Seen thee -- pained are mountains, An inundation of waters hath passed over, Given forth hath the deep its voice, High its hands it hath lifted up.
• Exod 14:13-15:21 : 13 And Moses saith unto the people, `Fear not, station yourselves, and see the salvation of Jehovah, which He doth for you to-day; for, as ye have seen the Egyptians to-day, ye add no more to see them -- to the age; 14 Jehovah doth fight for you, and ye keep silent.' 15 And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `What? thou criest unto Me -- speak unto the sons of Israel, and they journey; 16 and thou, lift up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand towards the sea, and cleave it, and the sons of Israel go into the midst of the sea on dry land. 17 `And I -- lo, I am strengthening the heart of the Egyptians, and they go in after them, and I am honoured on Pharaoh, and on all his force, on his chariots, and on his horsemen; 18 and the Egyptians have known that I `am' Jehovah, in My being honoured on Pharaoh, on his chariots, and on his horsemen.' 19 And the messenger of God, who is going before the camp of Israel, journeyeth and goeth at their rear; and the pillar of the cloud journeyeth from their front, and standeth at their rear, 20 and cometh in between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel, and the cloud and the darkness are, and he enlighteneth the night, and the one hath not drawn near unto the other all the night. 21 And Moses stretcheth out his hand towards the sea, and Jehovah causeth the sea to go on by a strong east wind all the night, and maketh the sea become dry ground, and the waters are cleaved, 22 and the sons of Israel go into the midst of the sea, on dry land, and the waters `are' to them a wall, on their right and on their left. 23 And the Egyptians pursue, and go in after them (all the horses of Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen) unto the midst of the sea, 24 and it cometh to pass, in the morning watch, that Jehovah looketh unto the camp of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of the cloud, and troubleth the camp of the Egyptians, 25 and turneth aside the wheels of their chariots, and they lead them with difficulty, and the Egyptians say, `Let us flee from the face of Israel, for Jehovah is fighting for them against the Egyptians.' 26 And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `Stretch out thy hand toward the sea, and the waters turn back on the Egyptians, on their chariots, and on their horsemen.' 27 And Moses stretcheth out his hand towards the sea, and the sea turneth back, at the turning of the morning, to its perennial flow, and the Egyptians are fleeing at its coming, and Jehovah shaketh off the Egyptians in the midst of the sea, 28 and the waters turn back, and cover the chariots and the horsemen, even all the force of Pharaoh, who are coming in after them into the sea -- there hath not been left of them even one. 29 And the sons of Israel have gone on dry land in the midst of the sea, and the waters `are' to them a wall, on their right and on their left; 30 and Jehovah saveth Israel in that day out of the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel seeth the Egyptians dead on the sea-shore, 31 and Israel seeth the great hand with which Jehovah hath wrought against the Egyptians, and the people fear Jehovah, and remain stedfast in Jehovah, and in Moses His servant. 1 Then singeth Moses and the sons of Israel this song to Jehovah, and they speak, saying: -- `I sing to Jehovah, For triumphing He hath triumphed; The horse and its rider He hath thrown into the sea. 2 My strength and song is JAH, And He is become my salvation: This `is' my God, and I glorify Him; God of my father, and I exalt Him. 3 Jehovah `is' a man of battle; Jehovah `is' His name. 4 Chariots of Pharaoh and his force He hath cast into the sea; And the choice of his captains Have sunk in the Red Sea! 5 The depths do cover them; They went down into the depths as a stone. 6 Thy right hand, O Jehovah, Is become honourable in power; Thy right hand, O Jehovah, Doth crush an enemy. 7 And in the abundance of Thine excellency Thou throwest down Thy withstanders, Thou sendest forth Thy wrath -- It consumeth them as stubble. 8 And by the spirit of Thine anger Have waters been heaped together; Stood as a heap have flowings; Congealed have been depths In the heart of a sea. 9 The enemy said, I pursue, I overtake; I apportion spoil; Filled is my soul with them; I draw out my sword; My hand destroyeth them: -- 10 Thou hast blown with Thy wind The sea hath covered them; They sank as lead in mighty waters. 11 Who `is' like Thee among the gods, O Jehovah? Who `is' like Thee -- honourable in holiness -- Fearful in praises -- doing wonders? 12 Thou hast stretched out Thy right hand -- Earth swalloweth them! 13 Thou hast led forth in Thy kindness The people whom Thou hast redeemed. Thou hast led on in Thy strength Unto Thy holy habitation. 14 Peoples have heard, they are troubled; Pain hath seized inhabitants of Philistia. 15 Then have chiefs of Edom been troubled: Mighty ones of Moab -- Trembling doth seize them! Melted have all inhabitants of Canaan! 16 Fall on them doth terror and dread; By the greatness of Thine arm They are still as a stone, Till Thy people pass over, O Jehovah; Till the people pass over Whom Thou hast purchased. 17 Thou dost bring them in, And dost plant them In a mountain of Thine inheritance, A fixed place for Thy dwelling Thou hast made, O Jehovah; A sanctuary, O Lord, Thy hands have established; 18 Jehovah reigneth -- to the age, and for ever!' 19 For the horse of Pharaoh hath gone in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and Jehovah turneth back on them the waters of the sea, and the sons of Israel have gone on dry land in the midst of the sea. 20 And Miriam the inspired one, sister of Aaron, taketh the timbrel in her hand, and all the women go out after her, with timbrels and with choruses; 21 and Miriam answereth to them: -- `Sing ye to Jehovah, For Triumphing He hath triumphed; The horse and its rider He hath thrown into the sea!'
• Josh 2:10 : 10 `For we have heard how Jehovah dried up the waters of the Red Sea at your presence, in your going out of Egypt, and that which ye have done to the two kings of the Amorite who `are' beyond the Jordan; to Sihon and to Og whom ye devoted.
• Neh 9:11 : 11 And the sea Thou hast cleaved before them, and they pass over into the midst of the sea on the dry land, and their pursuers Thou hast cast into the depths, as a stone, into the strong waters.
• Ps 66:6 : 6 He hath turned a sea to dry land, Through a river they pass over on foot, There do we rejoice in Him.
• Ps 78:13 : 13 He cleft a sea, and causeth them to pass over, Yea, He causeth waters to stand as a heap.