John 19:30

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

when, therefore, Jesus received the vinegar, he said, `It hath been finished;' and having bowed the head, gave up the spirit.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ὅτε οὖν ἔλαβεν τὸ ὄξος ὁ Ἰησοῦς, εἶπεν, Τετέλεσται: καὶ κλίνας τὴν κεφαλήν, παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα.

Transliteration

Hote oun elaben to oxos ho Iēsous, eipen, Tetelestai: and klinas tēn kephalēn, paredōken to pneuma.

Grammar Details

• *Hote*: conjunction - when
• *oun*: conjunction, inferential - therefore/then
• *elaben*: aorist active, 3rd singular - he took/received
• *to oxos*: accusative, neuter, singular - the sour wine/vinegar
• *ho Iēsous*: nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus
• *eipen*: aorist active, 3rd singular - he said
• *Tetelestai*: perfect passive, 3rd singular - it is finished/completed
• *klinas*: aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having bowed/inclined
• *tēn kephalēn*: accusative, feminine, singular - the head
• *paredōken*: aorist active, 3rd singular - he gave up/yielded/delivered
• *to pneuma*: accusative, neuter, singular - the spirit/breath

Word Meanings

• *elaben*: took/received/tasted
• *oxos*: sour wine/vinegar
• *eipen*: said/spoke
• *Tetelestai*: It is finished/completed/accomplished/fulfilled
• *klinas*: having bowed/bent/inclined
• *paredōken*: gave up/handed over/yielded/surrendered
• *pneuma*: spirit/breath/life

Referenced Verses

• John 17:4 : 4 I did glorify Thee on the earth, the work I did finish that Thou hast given me, that I may do `it'.
• Mark 15:37 : 37 And Jesus having uttered a loud cry, yielded the spirit,
• Phil 2:8 : 8 and in fashion having been found as a man, he humbled himself, having become obedient unto death -- death even of a cross,
• Col 2:14-17 : 14 having blotted out the handwriting in the ordinances that is against us, that was contrary to us, and he hath taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross; 15 having stripped the principalities and the authorities, he made a shew of them openly -- having triumphed over them in it. 16 Let no one, then, judge you in eating or in drinking, or in respect of a feast, or of a new moon, or of sabbaths, 17 which are a shadow of the coming things, and the body `is' of the Christ;
• Luke 23:46 : 46 and having cried with a loud voice, Jesus said, `Father, to Thy hands I commit my spirit;' and these things having said, he breathed forth the spirit.
• Matt 27:50 : 50 And Jesus having again cried with a great voice, yielded the spirit;
• Isa 53:10 : 10 And Jehovah hath delighted to bruise him, He hath made him sick, If his soul doth make an offering for guilt, He seeth seed -- he prolongeth days, And the pleasure of Jehovah in his hand doth prosper.
• Dan 9:24 : 24 `Seventy weeks are determined for thy people, and for thy holy city, to shut up the transgression, and to seal up sins, and to cover iniquity, and to bring in righteousness age-during, and to seal up vision and prophet, and to anoint the holy of holies.
• Ps 22:15 : 15 Dried up as an earthen vessel is my power, And my tongue is cleaving to my jaws.
• John 10:11 : 11 `I am the good shepherd; the good shepherd his life layeth down for the sheep;
• Rom 10:4 : 4 For Christ is an end of law for righteousness to every one who is believing,
• John 10:18 : 18 no one doth take it from me, but I lay it down of myself; authority I have to lay it down, and authority I have again to take it; this command I received from my Father.'
• Matt 20:28 : 28 even as the Son of Man did not come to be ministered to, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.'
• Isa 53:12 : 12 Therefore I give a portion to him among the many, And with the mighty he apportioneth spoil, Because that he exposed to death his soul, And with transgressors he was numbered, And he the sin of many hath borne, And for transgressors he intercedeth.
• Gen 3:15 : 15 and enmity I put between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; he doth bruise thee -- the head, and thou dost bruise him -- the heel.'
• Dan 9:26 : 26 And after the sixty and two weeks, cut off is Messiah, and the city and the holy place are not his, the Leader who hath come doth destroy the people; and its end `is' with a flood, and till the end `is' war, determined `are' desolations.
• Zech 13:7 : 7 Sword, awake against My shepherd, And against a hero -- My fellow, An affirmation of Jehovah of Hosts. Smite the shepherd, and scattered is the flock, And I have put back My hand on the little ones.
• Heb 2:14-15 : 14 Seeing, then, the children have partaken of flesh and blood, he himself also in like manner did take part of the same, that through death he might destroy him having the power of death -- that is, the devil -- 15 and might deliver those, whoever, with fear of death, throughout all their life, were subjects of bondage,
• Heb 9:11-14 : 11 And Christ being come, chief priest of the coming good things, through the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands -- that is, not of this creation -- 12 neither through blood of goats and calves, but through his own blood, did enter in once into the holy places, age-during redemption having obtained; 13 for if the blood of bulls, and goats, and ashes of an heifer, sprinkling those defiled, doth sanctify to the purifying of the flesh, 14 how much more shall the blood of the Christ (who through the age-during Spirit did offer himself unblemished to God) purify your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
• Heb 12:2 : 2 looking to the author and perfecter of faith -- Jesus, who, over-against the joy set before him -- did endure a cross, shame having despised, on the right hand also of the throne of God did sit down;
• Matt 3:15 : 15 But Jesus answering said to him, `Suffer now, for thus it is becoming to us to fulfill all righteousness,' then he doth suffer him.
• John 4:34 : 34 Jesus saith to them, `My food is, that I may do the will of Him who sent me, and may finish His work;
• John 19:28 : 28 After this, Jesus knowing that all things now have been finished, that the Writing may be fulfilled, saith, `I thirst;'
• Rom 3:25 : 25 whom God did set forth a mercy seat, through the faith in his blood, for the shewing forth of His righteousness, because of the passing over of the bygone sins in the forbearance of God --
• 1 Cor 5:7 : 7 cleanse out, therefore, the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, according as ye are unleavened, for also our passover for us was sacrificed -- Christ,
• Heb 9:22-10:14 : 22 and with blood almost all things are purified according to the law, and apart from blood-shedding forgiveness doth not come. 23 `It is' necessary, therefore, the pattern indeed of the things in the heavens to be purified with these, and the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these; 24 for not into holy places made with hands did the Christ enter -- figures of the true -- but into the heaven itself, now to be manifested in the presence of God for us; 25 nor that he may many times offer himself, even as the chief priest doth enter into the holy places every year with blood of others; 26 since it had behoved him many times to suffer from the foundation of the world, but now once, at the full end of the ages, for putting away of sin through his sacrifice, he hath been manifested; 27 and as it is laid up to men once to die, and after this -- judgment, 28 so also the Christ, once having been offered to bear the sins of many, a second time, apart from a sin-offering, shall appear, to those waiting for him -- to salvation! 1 For the law having a shadow of the coming good things -- not the very image of the matters, every year, by the same sacrifices that they offer continually, is never able to make perfect those coming near, 2 since, would they not have ceased to be offered, because of those serving having no more conscience of sins, having once been purified? 3 but in those `sacrifices' is a remembrance of sins every year, 4 for it is impossible for blood of bulls and goats to take away sins. 5 Wherefore, coming into the world, he saith, `Sacrifice and offering Thou didst not will, and a body Thou didst prepare for me, 6 in burnt-offerings, and concerning sin-offerings, Thou didst not delight, 7 then I said, Lo, I come, (in a volume of the book it hath been written concerning me,) to do, O God, Thy will;' 8 saying above -- `Sacrifice, and offering, and burnt-offerings, and concerning sin-offering Thou didst not will, nor delight in,' -- which according to the law are offered -- 9 then he said, `Lo, I come to do, O God, Thy will;' he doth take away the first that the second he may establish; 10 in the which will we are having been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once, 11 and every priest, indeed, hath stood daily serving, and the same sacrifices many times offering, that are never able to take away sins. 12 And He, for sin one sacrifice having offered -- to the end, did sit down on the right hand of God, -- 13 as to the rest, expecting till He may place his enemies `as' his footstool, 14 for by one offering he hath perfected to the end those sanctified;