Matthew 17:12

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

and I say to you -- Elijah did already come, and they did not know him, but did with him whatever they would, so also the Son of Man is about to suffer by them.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν, Ὅτι Ἠλίας ἤδη ἦλθεν, καὶ οὐκ ἐπέγνωσαν αὐτόν, ἀλλʼ ἐποίησαν ἐν αὐτῷ ὅσα ἠθέλησαν. Οὕτως καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μέλλει πάσχειν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν.

Transliteration

Legō de to you, That Ēlias ēdē ēlthen, and not epegnōsan him, all' epoiēsan en him hosa ēthelēsan. Houtōs also the Huios of the anthrōpou mellei paschein hyp' them.

Grammar Details

• *Legō*: present, active, indicative, 1st singular - I say/I tell
• *de*: postpositive conjunction - but/and
• *Ēlias*: nominative, masculine, singular - Elijah
• *ēdē*: adverb - already/now
• *ēlthen*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - came/has come
• *epegnōsan*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd plural - recognized/knew
• *all'*: strong adversative conjunction - but
• *epoiēsan*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd plural - did/did to
• *en*: preposition with dative - to/with/in
• *hosa*: relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - whatever
• *ēthelēsan*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd plural - they wished/they wanted
• *Houtōs*: adverb - thus/in this manner
• *Huios*: nominative, masculine, singular - Son
• *anthrōpou*: genitive, masculine, singular - of man
• *mellei*: present, active, indicative, 3rd singular - is about to
• *paschein*: present, active, infinitive - to suffer
• *hyp'*: preposition with genitive - by/from

Word Meanings

• *epegnōsan*: recognized/knew/acknowledged
• *epoiēsan*: did/did to/performed
• *hosa*: whatever/as many as/all that
• *ēthelēsan*: they wished/they wanted/they desired
• *Huios tou anthrōpou*: Son of Man/Human One
• *mellei*: is about to/is going to/intends to
• *paschein*: to suffer/to endure/to experience

Referenced Verses

• Matt 16:21 : 21 From that time began Jesus to shew to his disciples that it is necessary for him to go away to Jerusalem, and to suffer many things from the elders, and chief priests, and scribes, and to be put to death, and the third day to rise.
• Isa 53:3-9 : 3 He is despised, and left of men, A man of pains, and acquainted with sickness, And as one hiding the face from us, He is despised, and we esteemed him not. 4 Surely our sicknesses he hath borne, And our pains -- he hath carried them, And we -- we have esteemed him plagued, Smitten of God, and afflicted. 5 And he is pierced for our transgressions, Bruised for our iniquities, The chastisement of our peace `is' on him, And by his bruise there is healing to us. 6 All of us like sheep have wandered, Each to his own way we have turned, And Jehovah hath caused to meet on him, The punishment of us all. 7 It hath been exacted, and he hath answered, And he openeth not his mouth, As a lamb to the slaughter he is brought, And as a sheep before its shearers is dumb, And he openeth not his mouth. 8 By restraint and by judgment he hath been taken, And of his generation who doth meditate, That he hath been cut off from the land of the living? By the transgression of My people he is plagued, 9 And it appointeth with the wicked his grave, And with the rich `are' his high places, Because he hath done no violence, Nor `is' deceit in his mouth. 10 And Jehovah hath delighted to bruise him, He hath made him sick, If his soul doth make an offering for guilt, He seeth seed -- he prolongeth days, And the pleasure of Jehovah in his hand doth prosper. 11 Of the labour of his soul he seeth -- he is satisfied, Through his knowledge give righteousness Doth the righteous one, My servant, to many, And their iniquities he doth bear. 12 Therefore I give a portion to him among the many, And with the mighty he apportioneth spoil, Because that he exposed to death his soul, And with transgressors he was numbered, And he the sin of many hath borne, And for transgressors he intercedeth.
• Acts 3:14-15 : 14 and ye the Holy and Righteous One did deny, and desired a man -- a murderer -- to be granted to you, 15 and the Prince of the life ye did kill, whom God did raise out of the dead, of which we are witnesses;
• Acts 4:10 : 10 be it known to all of you, and to all the people of Israel, that in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom ye did crucify, whom God did raise out of the dead, in him hath this one stood by before you whole.
• Acts 13:24-28 : 24 John having first preached, before his coming, a baptism of reformation to all the people of Israel; 25 and as John was fulfilling the course, he said, Whom me do ye suppose to be? I am not `he', but, lo, he doth come after me, of whom I am not worthy to loose the sandal of `his' feet. 26 `Men, brethren, sons of the race of Abraham, and those among you fearing God, to you was the word of this salvation sent, 27 for those dwelling in Jerusalem, and their chiefs, this one not having known, also the voices of the prophets, which every sabbath are being read -- having judged `him' -- did fulfill, 28 and no cause of death having found, they did ask of Pilate that he should be slain,
• Acts 7:52 : 52 which of the prophets did not your fathers persecute? and they killed those who declared before about the coming of the Righteous One, of whom now ye betrayers and murderers have become,
• Matt 11:2 : 2 And John having heard in the prison the works of the Christ, having sent two of his disciples,
• Matt 11:9-9 : 9 `But what went ye out to see? -- a prophet? yes, I say to you, and more than a prophet, 10 for this is he of whom it hath been written, Lo, I do send My messenger before thy face, who shall prepare thy way before thee. 11 Verily I say to you, there hath not risen, among those born of women, a greater than John the Baptist, but he who is least in the reign of the heavens is greater than he. 12 `And, from the days of John the Baptist till now, the reign of the heavens doth suffer violence, and violent men do take it by force, 13 for all the prophets and the law till John did prophesy, 14 and if ye are willing to receive `it', he is Elijah who was about to come; 15 he who is having ears to hear -- let him hear.
• Matt 14:3-9 : 3 For Herod having laid hold on John, did bind him, and did put him in prison, because of Herodias his brother Philip's wife, 4 for John was saying to him, `It is not lawful to thee to have her,' 5 and, willing to kill him, he feared the multitude, because as a prophet they were holding him. 6 But the birthday of Herod being kept, the daughter of Herodias danced in the midst, and did please Herod, 7 whereupon with an oath he professed to give her whatever she might ask. 8 And she having been instigated by her mother -- `Give me (says she) here upon a plate the head of John the Baptist; 9 and the king was grieved, but because of the oaths and of those reclining with him, he commanded `it' to be given; 10 and having sent, he beheaded John in the prison,
• Matt 21:23-25 : 23 And he having come to the temple, there came to him when teaching the chief priests and the elders of the people, saying, `By what authority dost thou do these things? and who gave thee this authority?' 24 And Jesus answering said to them, `I will ask you -- I also -- one word, which if ye may tell me, I also will tell you by what authority I do these things; 25 the baptism of John, whence was it? -- from heaven, or from men?' And they were reasoning with themselves, saying, `If we should say, From heaven; he will say to us, Wherefore, then, did ye not believe him?
• Matt 21:32 : 32 for John came unto you in the way of righteousness, and ye did not believe him, and the tax-gatherers and the harlots did believe him, and ye, having seen, repented not at last -- to believe him.
• Mark 6:14-28 : 14 And the king Herod heard, (for his name became public,) and he said -- `John the Baptist out of the dead was raised, and because of this the mighty powers are working in him.' 15 Others said -- `It is Elijah,' and others said -- `It is a prophet, or as one of the prophets.' 16 And Herod having heard, said -- `He whom I did behead -- John -- this is he; he was raised out of the dead.' 17 For Herod himself, having sent forth, did lay hold on John, and bound him in the prison, because of Herodias the wife of Philip his brother, because he married her, 18 for John said to Herod -- `It is not lawful to thee to have the wife of thy brother;' 19 and Herodias was having a quarrel with him, and was willing to kill him, and was not able, 20 for Herod was fearing John, knowing him a man righteous and holy, and was keeping watch over him, and having heard him, was doing many things, and hearing him gladly. 21 And a seasonable day having come, when Herod on his birthday was making a supper to his great men, and to the chiefs of thousands, and to the first men of Galilee, 22 and the daughter of that Herodias having come in, and having danced, and having pleased Herod and those reclining (at meat) with him, the king said to the damsel, `Ask of me whatever thou wilt, and I will give to thee,' 23 and he sware to her -- `Whatever thou mayest ask me, I will give to thee -- unto the half of my kingdom.' 24 And she, having gone forth, said to her mother, `What shall I ask for myself?' and she said, `The head of John the Baptist;' 25 and having come in immediately with haste unto the king, she asked, saying, `I will that thou mayest give me presently, upon a plate, the head of John the Baptist.' 26 And the king -- made very sorrowful -- because of the oaths and of those reclining (at meat) with him, would not put her away, 27 and immediately the king having sent a guardsman, did command his head to be brought, 28 and he having gone, beheaded him in the prison, and brought his head upon a plate, and did give it to the damsel, and the damsel did give it to her mother;
• Mark 9:12-13 : 12 And he answering said to them, `Elijah indeed, having come first, doth restore all things; and how hath it been written concerning the Son of Man, that many things he may suffer, and be set at nought? 13 But I say to you, That also Elijah hath come, and they did to him what they willed, as it hath been written of him.'
• Mark 11:30-32 : 30 the baptism of John -- from heaven was it? or from men? answer me.' 31 And they were reasoning with themselves, saying, `If we may say, From heaven, he will say, Wherefore, then, did ye not believe him? 32 But if we may say, From men,' -- they were fearing the people, for all were holding John that he was indeed a prophet;
• Luke 3:19-20 : 19 and Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him concerning Herodias the wife of Philip his brother, and concerning all the evils that Herod did, 20 added also this to all, that he shut up John in the prison.
• Luke 7:33 : 33 `For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine, and ye say, He hath a demon;
• Luke 9:21-25 : 21 And having charged them, he commanded `them' to say this to no one, 22 saying -- `It behoveth the Son of Man to suffer many things, and to be rejected by the elders, and chief priests, and scribes, and to be killed, and the third day to be raised.' 23 And he said unto all, `If any one doth will to come after me, let him disown himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow me; 24 for whoever may will to save his life, shall lose it, and whoever may lose his life for my sake, he shall save it; 25 for what is a man profited, having gained the whole world, and having lost or having forfeited himself?
• John 1:11 : 11 to his own things he came, and his own people did not receive him;
• John 5:32-36 : 32 another there is who is testifying concerning me, and I have known that the testimony that he doth testify concerning me is true; 33 ye have sent unto John, and he hath testified to the truth. 34 `But I do not receive testimony from man, but these things I say that ye may be saved; 35 he was the burning and shining lamp, and ye did will to be glad, for an hour, in his light. 36 `But I have the testimony greater than John's, for the works that the Father gave me, that I might finish them, the works themselves that I do, they testify concerning me, that the Father hath sent me.
• Acts 2:23 : 23 this one, by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, being given out, having taken by lawless hands, having crucified -- ye did slay;