Revelation 1:4

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

John to the seven assemblies that `are' in Asia: Grace to you, and peace, from Him who is, and who was, and who is coming, and from the Seven Spirits that are before His throne,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἰωάννης ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ: χάρις ὑμῖν, καὶ εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ τοῦ ὁ ὢν, καὶ ὁ ἦν, καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος· καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ Πνευμάτων ἃ ἐστιν ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ·

Transliteration

Iōannēs to the hepta ekklēsiais to the ones in the Asia: charis to you, and eirēnē, from the one ōn, and the one who ēn, and the one erchomenos; and from the hepta Pneumatōn which estin enōpion of the thronou of him;

Grammar Details

• *Iōannēs*: nominative, masculine, singular - John
• *hepta*: numeral - seven
• *ekklēsiais*: dative, feminine, plural - churches/assemblies
• *Asia*: dative, feminine, singular - Asia
• *charis*: nominative, feminine, singular - grace
• *eirēnē*: nominative, feminine, singular - peace
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being/is
• *ēn*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was
• *erchomenos*: present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - coming
• *Pneumatōn*: genitive, neuter, plural - Spirits
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd singular - is/are
• *enōpion*: preposition - before/in the presence of
• *thronou*: genitive, masculine, singular - throne

Word Meanings

• *ekklēsiais*: churches/assemblies/congregations
• *Pneumatōn*: Spirits/spiritual beings
• *enōpion*: before/in the presence of/in front of

Referenced Verses

• Rev 3:1 : 1 And to the messenger of the assembly in Sardis write: These things saith he who is having the Seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I have known thy works, and that thou hast the name that thou dost live, and thou art dead;
• Rev 4:5 : 5 and out of the throne proceed do lightnings, and thunders, and voices; and seven lamps of fire are burning before the throne, which are the Seven Spirits of God,
• Isa 11:2 : 2 Rested on him hath the Spirit of Jehovah, The spirit of wisdom and understanding, The spirit of counsel and might, The spirit of knowledge and fear of Jehovah.
• Rev 5:6 : 6 and I saw, and lo, in the midst of the throne, and of the four living creatures, and in the midst of the elders, a Lamb hath stood as it had been slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the Seven Spirits of God, which are sent to all the earth,
• Zech 4:10 : 10 For who trampled on the day of small things, They have rejoiced, And seen the tin weight in the hand of Zerubbabel, These seven `are' the eyes of Jehovah, They are going to and fro in all the land.'
• Rev 1:8 : 8 `I am the Alpha and the Omega, beginning and end, saith the Lord, who is, and who was, and who is coming -- the Almighty.'
• Heb 1:10-13 : 10 and, `Thou, at the beginning, Lord, the earth didst found, and a work of thy hands are the heavens; 11 these shall perish, and Thou dost remain, and all, as a garment, shall become old, 12 and as a mantle Thou shall roll them together, and they shall be changed, and Thou art the same, and Thy years shall not fail.' 13 And unto which of the messengers said He ever, `Sit at My right hand, till I may make thine enemies thy footstool?'
• Heb 13:8 : 8 Jesus Christ yesterday and to-day the same, and to the ages;
• Rom 1:7 : 7 to all who are in Rome, beloved of God, called saints; Grace to you, and peace, from God our Father, and `from' the Lord Jesus Christ!
• Isa 41:4 : 4 Who hath wrought and done, Calling the generations from the first? I, Jehovah, the first, and with the last I `am' He.
• Zech 3:9 : 9 For lo, the stone that I put before Joshua, On one stone `are' seven eyes, Lo, I am graving its graving, An affirmation of Jehovah of Hosts, And I have removed the iniquity of that land in one day.
• Rev 4:8 : 8 And the four living creatures, each by itself severally, had six wings, around and within `are' full of eyes, and rest they have not day and night, saying, `Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, who was, and who is, and who is coming;'
• Rev 3:7 : 7 `And to the messenger of the assembly in Philadelphia write: These things saith he who is holy, he who is true, he who is having the key of David, he who is opening and no one doth shut, and he shutteth and no one doth open!
• Rev 1:20-2:1 : 20 the secret of the seven stars that thou hast seen upon my right hand, and the seven golden lamp-stands: the seven stars are messengers of the seven assemblies, and the seven lamp-stands that thou hast seen are seven assemblies. 1 `To the messenger of the Ephesian assembly write: These things saith he who is holding the seven stars in his right hand, who is walking in the midst of the seven lamp-stands -- the golden:
• Ps 90:2 : 2 Before mountains were brought forth, And Thou dost form the earth and the world, Even from age unto age Thou `art' God.
• Ps 102:25-27 : 25 Beforetime the earth Thou didst found, And the work of Thy hands `are' the heavens. 26 They -- They perish, and Thou remainest, And all of them as a garment become old, As clothing Thou changest them, And they are changed. 27 And Thou `art' the same, and Thine years are not finished.
• 1 Cor 1:3 : 3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ!
• 1 Cor 12:4-9 : 4 And there are diversities of gifts, and the same Spirit; 5 and there are diversities of ministrations, and the same Lord; 6 and there are diversities of workings, and it is the same God -- who is working the all in all. 7 And to each hath been given the manifestation of the Spirit for profit; 8 for to one through the Spirit hath been given a word of wisdom, and to another a word of knowledge, according to the same Spirit; 9 and to another faith in the same Spirit, and to another gifts of healings in the same Spirit; 10 and to another in-workings of mighty deeds; and to another prophecy; and to another discernings of spirits; and to another `divers' kinds of tongues; and to another interpretation of tongues: 11 and all these doth work the one and the same Spirit, dividing to each severally as he intendeth. 12 For, even as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of the one body, being many, are one body, so also `is' the Christ, 13 for also in one Spirit we all to one body were baptized, whether Jews or Greeks, whether servants or freemen, and all into one Spirit were made to drink,
• 2 Cor 1:2 : 2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ!
• 1 Pet 1:1-2 : 1 Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the choice sojourners of the dispersion of Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, 2 according to a foreknowledge of God the Father, in sanctification of the Spirit, to obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace be multiplied!
• John 1:1 : 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God;
• Acts 19:10 : 10 And this happened for two years so that all those dwelling in Asia did hear the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks,
• Exod 3:14 : 14 And God saith unto Moses, `I AM THAT WHICH I AM;' He saith also, `Thus dost thou say to the sons of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.'
• Isa 57:15 : 15 For thus said the high and exalted One, Inhabiting eternity, and holy `is' His name: `In the high and holy place I dwell, And with the bruised and humble of spirit, To revive the spirit of the humble, And to revive the heart of bruised ones,'
• Mic 5:2 : 2 And thou, Beth-Lehem Ephratah, Little to be among the chiefs of Judah! From thee to Me he cometh forth -- to be ruler in Israel, And his comings forth `are' of old, From the days of antiquity.
• Rev 2:8 : 8 `And to the messenger of the assembly of the Smyrneans write: These things saith the First and the Last, who did become dead and did live;
• Rev 2:18 : 18 `And to the messenger of the assembly of Thyatira write: These things saith the Son of God, who is having his eyes as a flame of fire, and his feet like to fine brass;
• Rev 1:11 : 11 `I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last;' and, `What thou dost see, write in a scroll, and send to the seven assemblies that `are' in Asia; to Ephesus, and to Smyrna, and to Pergamos, and to Thyatira, and to Sardis, and to Philadelphia, and to Laodicea.'