Matthew 19:18

Webster's Bible (1833)

He said to him, "Which ones?" Jesus said, "'You shall not murder.' 'You shall not commit adultery.' 'You shall not steal.' 'You shall not offer false testimony.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Λέγει αὐτῷ, Ποίας; ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν, Τὸ Οὐ φονεύσεις, Οὐ μοιχεύσεις, Οὐ κλέψεις, Οὐ ψευδομαρτυρήσεις,

Transliteration

He legei to him, Which? The de Iēsous eipen, The Not phoneuseis, Not moicheuseis, Not klepseis, Not pseudomartyrēseis,

Grammar Details

• *legei*: present, 3rd singular, active - he says
• *de*: postpositive particle - but/and
• *Iēsous*: nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus
• *eipen*: aorist, 3rd singular, active - said
• *phoneuseis*: future, 2nd singular, active - you shall murder
• *moicheuseis*: future, 2nd singular, active - you shall commit adultery
• *klepseis*: future, 2nd singular, active - you shall steal
• *pseudomartyrēseis*: future, 2nd singular, active - you shall bear false witness

Word Meanings

• *phoneuseis*: you shall murder/kill
• *moicheuseis*: you shall commit adultery
• *klepseis*: you shall steal
• *pseudomartyrēseis*: you shall bear false witness/testify falsely

Referenced Verses

• Deut 5:16-21 : 16 "Honor your father and your mother, as Yahweh your God commanded you; that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you, in the land which Yahweh your God gives you. 17 "You shall not murder. 18 "Neither shall you commit adultery. 19 "Neither shall you steal. 20 "Neither shall you give false testimony against your neighbor. 21 "Neither shall you covet your neighbor's wife; neither shall you desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his man-servant, or his maid-servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's."
• Gal 3:10 : 10 For as many as are of the works of the law are under a curse. For it is written, "Cursed is everyone who doesn't continue in all things that are written in the book of the law, to do them."
• Jas 2:10-11 : 10 For whoever shall keep the whole law, and yet stumble in one point, he has become guilty of all. 11 For he who said, "Do not commit adultery," said also, "Do not commit murder." Now if you do not commit adultery, but murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.
• Exod 20:12-17 : 12 "Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which Yahweh your God gives you. 13 "You shall not murder. 14 "You shall not commit adultery. 15 "You shall not steal. 16 "You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor. 17 "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."
• Matt 5:21-28 : 21 "You have heard that it was said to the ancient ones, 'You shall not murder;' and 'Whoever shall murder shall be in danger of the judgment.' 22 But I tell you, that everyone who is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment; and whoever shall say to his brother, 'Raca{"Raca" is an Aramaic insult, related to the word for "empty" and conveying the idea of empty-headedness.}!' shall be in danger of the council; and whoever shall say, 'You fool!' shall be in danger of the fire of Gehenna{Gehenna is another name for Hell that brings to mind an image of a burning garbage dump with dead bodies in it.}. 23 "If therefore you are offering your gift at the altar, and there remember that your brother has anything against you, 24 leave your gift there before the altar, and go your way. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift. 25 Agree with your adversary quickly, while you are with him in the way; lest perhaps the prosecutor deliver you to the judge, and the judge deliver you to the officer, and you be cast into prison. 26 Most assuredly I tell you, you shall by no means get out of there, until you have paid the last penny.{Literally, kodrantes. A kodrantes was a small copper coin worth about 2 lepta (widow's mites)--not enough to buy very much of anything.} 27 "You have heard that it was said, {TR adds "to the ancients,"} 'You shall not commit adultery;' 28 but I tell you that everyone who gazes at a woman to lust after her has committed adultery with her already in his heart.
• Mark 10:19 : 19 You know the commandments: 'Do not murder,' 'Do not commit adultery,' 'Do not steal,' 'Do not give false testimony,' 'Do not defraud,' 'Honor your father and mother.'"
• Luke 18:20 : 20 You know the commandments: 'Don't commit adultery,' 'Don't murder,' 'Don't steal,' 'Don't give false testimony,' 'Honor your father and your mother.'"
• Rom 13:8-9 : 8 Owe no one anything, except to love one another; for he who loves his neighbor has fulfilled the law. 9 For the commandments, "You shall not commit adultery," "You shall not murder," "You shall not steal," "You shall not give false testimony," "You shall not covet,"{TR adds "You shall not give false testimony,"} and whatever other commandments there are, are all summed up in this saying, namely, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself." 10 Love doesn't harm a neighbor. Love therefore is the fulfillment of the law.