John 19:30

American Standard Version (1901)

When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up his spirit.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ὅτε οὖν ἔλαβεν τὸ ὄξος ὁ Ἰησοῦς, εἶπεν, Τετέλεσται: καὶ κλίνας τὴν κεφαλήν, παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα.

Transliteration

Hote oun elaben to oxos ho Iēsous, eipen, Tetelestai: and klinas tēn kephalēn, paredōken to pneuma.

Grammar Details

• *Hote*: conjunction - when
• *oun*: conjunction, inferential - therefore/then
• *elaben*: aorist active, 3rd singular - he took/received
• *to oxos*: accusative, neuter, singular - the sour wine/vinegar
• *ho Iēsous*: nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus
• *eipen*: aorist active, 3rd singular - he said
• *Tetelestai*: perfect passive, 3rd singular - it is finished/completed
• *klinas*: aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having bowed/inclined
• *tēn kephalēn*: accusative, feminine, singular - the head
• *paredōken*: aorist active, 3rd singular - he gave up/yielded/delivered
• *to pneuma*: accusative, neuter, singular - the spirit/breath

Word Meanings

• *elaben*: took/received/tasted
• *oxos*: sour wine/vinegar
• *eipen*: said/spoke
• *Tetelestai*: It is finished/completed/accomplished/fulfilled
• *klinas*: having bowed/bent/inclined
• *paredōken*: gave up/handed over/yielded/surrendered
• *pneuma*: spirit/breath/life

Referenced Verses

• John 17:4 : 4 I glorified thee on the earth, having accomplished the work which thou hast given me to do.
• Mark 15:37 : 37 And Jesus uttered a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.
• Phil 2:8 : 8 and being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, becoming obedient [even] unto death, yea, the death of the cross.
• Col 2:14-17 : 14 having blotted out the bond written in ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us: and he hath taken it out of the way, nailing it to the cross; 15 having despoiled the principalities and the powers, he made a show of them openly, triumphing over them in it. 16 Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of a feast day or a new moon or a sabbath day: 17 which are a shadow of the things to come; but the body is Christ's.
• Luke 23:46 : 46 And Jesus, crying with a loud voice, said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said this, he gave up the ghost.
• Matt 27:50 : 50 And Jesus cried again with a loud voice, and yielded up his spirit.
• Isa 53:10 : 10 Yet it pleased Jehovah to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see [his] seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of Jehovah shall prosper in his hand.
• Dan 9:24 : 24 Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy.
• Ps 22:15 : 15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd; And my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; And thou hast brought me into the dust of death.
• John 10:11 : 11 I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd layeth down his life for the sheep.
• Rom 10:4 : 4 For Christ is the end of the law unto righteousness to every one that believeth.
• John 10:18 : 18 No one taketh it away from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment received I from my Father.
• Matt 20:28 : 28 even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.
• Isa 53:12 : 12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he poured out his soul unto death, and was numbered with the transgressors: yet he bare the sin of many, and [ made intercession for the transgressors.
• Gen 3:15 : 15 and I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: he shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
• Dan 9:26 : 26 And after the threescore and two weeks shall the anointed one be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and even unto the end shall be war; desolations are determined.
• Zech 13:7 : 7 Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith Jehovah of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered; and I will turn my hand upon the little ones.
• Heb 2:14-15 : 14 Since then the children are sharers in flesh and blood, he also himself in like manner partook of the same; that through death he might bring to nought him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; 15 and might deliver all them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.
• Heb 9:11-14 : 11 But Christ having come a high priest of the good things to come, through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation, 12 nor yet through the blood of goats and calves, but through his own blood, entered in once for all into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling them that have been defiled, sanctify unto the cleanness of the flesh: 14 how much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish unto God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
• Heb 12:2 : 2 looking unto Jesus the author and perfecter of [our] faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising shame, and hath sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.
• Matt 3:15 : 15 But Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer [it] now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffereth him.
• John 4:34 : 34 Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to accomplish his work.
• John 19:28 : 28 After this Jesus, knowing that all things are now finished, that the scripture might be accomplished, saith, I thirst.
• Rom 3:25 : 25 whom God set forth [to be] a propitiation, through faith, in his blood, to show his righteousness because of the passing over of the sins done aforetime, in the forbearance of God;
• 1 Cor 5:7 : 7 Purge out the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, even as ye are unleavened. For our passover also hath been sacrificed, [even] Christ:
• Heb 9:22-10:14 : 22 And according to the law, I may almost say, all things are cleansed with blood, and apart from shedding of blood there is no remission. 23 It was necessary therefore that the copies of the things in the heavens should be cleansed with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. 24 For Christ entered not into a holy place made with hands, like in pattern to the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear before the face of God for us: 25 nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place year by year with blood not his own; 26 else must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once at the end of the ages hath he been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. 27 And inasmuch as it is appointed unto men once to die, and after this [cometh] judgment; 28 so Christ also, having been once offered to bear the sins of many, shall appear a second time, apart from sin, to them that wait for him, unto salvation. 1 For the law having a shadow of the good [things] to come, not the very image of the things, can never with the same sacrifices year by year, which they offer continually, make perfect them that draw nigh. 2 Else would they not have ceased to be offered? because the worshippers, having been once cleansed, would have had no more consciousness of sins. 3 But in those [sacrifices] there is a remembrance made of sins year by year. 4 For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins. 5 Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, But a body didst thou prepare for me; 6 In whole burnt offerings and [sacrifices] for sin thou hadst no pleasure: 7 Then said I, Lo, I am come (In the roll of the book it is written of me) To do thy will, O God. 8 Saying above, Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and [sacrifices] for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein (the which are offered according to the law), 9 then hath he said, Lo, I am come to do thy will. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second. 10 By which will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 11 And every priest indeed standeth day by day ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, the which can never take away sins: 12 but he, when he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God; 13 henceforth expecting till his enemies be made the footstool of his feet. 14 For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified.