2 Kings 3:4

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Now Mesha king of Moab was a sheep-master; and he rendered unto the king of Israel the wool of a hundred thousand lambs, and of a hundred thousand rams.

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּמֵישַׁ֥ע מֶֽלֶךְ־מוֹאָ֖ב הָיָ֣ה נֹקֵ֑ד וְהֵשִׁ֤יב לְמֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאָה־אֶ֣לֶף כָּרִ֔ים וּמֵ֥אָה אֶ֖לֶף אֵילִ֥ים צָֽמֶר׃

Transliteration

û-Mêšaʿ king-of-Môʾāb hāyāh nōqēd wĕ-hēšîb to-king-of-Yiśrāʾēl hundred-thousand kārîm and-hundred thousand ʾêlîm ṣāmer.

Grammar Details

*û-Mêšaʿ*: conjunction + proper name - and Mesha
*Môʾāb*: proper name - Moab
*hāyāh*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was
*nōqēd*: qal participle, masculine singular - sheep breeder/raiser
*wĕ-hēšîb*: conjunction + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he returned/rendered
*Yiśrāʾēl*: proper name - Israel
*kārîm*: masculine plural noun - lambs
*ʾêlîm*: masculine plural noun - rams
*ṣāmer*: masculine singular noun - wool

Word Meanings

*nōqēd*: sheep breeder/sheep owner/shepherd
*wĕ-hēšîb*: rendered/paid/returned as tribute
*kārîm*: lambs/young sheep
*ʾêlîm*: rams/male sheep

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

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Children and early teens
ESL learners seeking simple English
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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

2 Sam 8:2 : 2 And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive. And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
1 Chr 18:2 : 2 And he smote Moab; and the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
2 Chr 26:10 : 10 And he built towers in the wilderness, and hewed out many cisterns, for he had much cattle; in the lowland also, and in the plain: [and he had] husbandmen and vinedressers in the mountains and in the fruitful fields; for he loved husbandry.
Job 1:3 : 3 His substance also was seven thousand sheep, and three thousand camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen, and five hundred she-asses, and a very great household; so that this man was the greatest of all the children of the east.
Job 42:12 : 12 So Jehovah blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning: And he had fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she-asses.
Ps 60:8 : 8 Moab is my washpot; Upon Edom will I cast my shoe: Philistia, shout thou because of me.
Ps 108:9-9 : 9 Moab is my washpot; Upon Edom will I cast my shoe; Over Philistia will I shout. 10 Who will bring me into the fortified city? Who hath led me unto Edom?
Isa 16:1-2 : 1 Send ye the lambs for the ruler of the land from Selah to the wilderness, unto the mount of the daughter of Zion. 2 For it shall be that, as wandering birds, as a scattered nest, so shall the daughters of Moab be at the fords of the Arnon.
Gen 13:2 : 2 And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold.
Gen 26:13-14 : 13 And the man waxed great, and grew more and more until he became very great: 14 and he had possessions of flocks, and possessions of herds, and a great household: and the Philistines envied him.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

2 Kgs 3:5-7
3 verses
78%
5But it came to pass, when Ahab was dead, that the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel.
6And king Jehoram went out of Samaria at that time, and mustered all Israel.
7And he went and sent to Jehoshaphat the king of Judah, saying, The king of Moab hath rebelled against me: wilt thou go with me against Moab to battle? And he said, I will go up: I am as thou art, my people as thy people, my horses as thy horses.
2 Chr 18:2
71%
2And after certain years he went down to Ahab to Samaria. And Ahab killed sheep and oxen for him in abundance, and for the people that were with him, and moved him to go up [with him] to Ramoth-gilead.
1 Sam 25:2
71%
2And there was a man in Maon, whose possessions were in Carmel; and the man was very great, and he had three thousand sheep, and a thousand goats: and he was shearing his sheep in Carmel.
2 Chr 17:11
71%
11And some of the Philistines brought Jehoshaphat presents, and silver for tribute; the Arabians also brought him flocks, seven thousand and seven hundred rams, and seven thousand and seven hundred he-goats.
Judg 3:30
71%
30So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land had rest fourscore years.
Num 31:36-39
4 verses
71%
36And the half, which was the portion of them that went out to war, was in number three hundred thousand and thirty thousand and seven thousand and five hundred sheep:
37and Jehovah's tribute of the sheep was six hundred and threescore and fifteen.
38And the oxen were thirty and six thousand; of which Jehovah's tribute was threescore and twelve.
39And the asses were thirty thousand and five hundred; of which Jehovah's tribute was threescore and one.
2 Kgs 3:26-27
2 verses
71%
26And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him seven hundred men that drew sword, to break through unto the king of Edom; but they could not.
27Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall. And there was great wrath against Israel: and they departed from him, and returned to their own land.
2 Chr 29:32-33
2 verses
70%
32And the number of the burnt-offerings which the assembly brought was threescore and ten bullocks, a hundred rams, and two hundred lambs: all these were for a burnt-offering to Jehovah.
33And the consecrated things were six hundred oxen and three thousand sheep.
Amos 2:1
70%
1Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Moab, yea, for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because he burned the bones of the king of Edom into lime:
2 Kgs 3:3
70%
3Nevertheless he cleaved unto the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, wherewith he made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.
Isa 16:1
70%
1Send ye the lambs for the ruler of the land from Selah to the wilderness, unto the mount of the daughter of Zion.
2 Kgs 1:1
69%
1And Moab rebelled against Israel after the death of Ahab.
Num 31:32-33
2 verses
69%
32Now the prey, over and above the booty which the men of war took, was six hundred thousand and seventy thousand and five thousand sheep,
33and threescore and twelve thousand oxen,
Ezek 45:15
69%
15and one lamb of the flock, out of two hundred, from the well-watered pastures of Israel;—for a meal-offering, and for a burnt-offering, and for peace-offerings, to make atonement for them, saith the Lord Jehovah.
Num 22:3-4
2 verses
69%
3And Moab was sore afraid of the people, because they were many: and Moab was distressed because of the children of Israel.
4And Moab said unto the elders of Midian, Now will this multitude lick up all that is round about us, as the ox licketh up the grass of the field. And Balak the son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time.
Hos 4:16
69%
16For Israel hath behaved himself stubbornly, like a stubborn heifer: now will Jehovah feed them as a lamb in a large place.
2 Chr 30:24
69%
24For Hezekiah king of Judah did give to the assembly for offerings a thousand bullocks and seven thousand sheep; and the princes gave to the assembly a thousand bullocks and ten thousand sheep: and a great number of priests sanctified themselves.
1 Kgs 4:23
69%
23ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and a hundred sheep, besides harts, and gazelles, and roebucks, and fatted fowl.
Prov 27:26
69%
26The lambs are for thy clothing, And the goats are the price of the field;
2 Kgs 3:10
69%
10And the king of Israel said, Alas! for Jehovah hath called these three kings together to deliver them into the hand of Moab.
1 Chr 29:21
69%
21And they sacrificed sacrifices unto Jehovah, and offered burnt-offerings unto Jehovah, on the morrow after that day, even a thousand bullocks, a thousand rams, and a thousand lambs, with their drink-offerings, and sacrifices in abundance for all Israel,
2 Kgs 3:18
69%
18And this is but a light thing in the sight of Jehovah: he will also deliver the Moabites into your hand.
Num 29:20
68%
20And on the third day eleven bullocks, two rams, fourteen he-lambs a year old without blemish;
1 Kgs 8:63
68%
63And Solomon offered for the sacrifice of peace-offerings, which he offered unto Jehovah, two and twenty thousand oxen, and a hundred and twenty thousand sheep. So the king and all the children of Israel dedicated the house of Jehovah.
Num 29:23
68%
23And on the fourth day ten bullocks, two rams, fourteen he-lambs a year old without blemish;
2 Chr 35:7
68%
7And Josiah gave to the children of the people, of the flock, lambs and kids, all of them for the passover-offerings, unto all that were present, to the number of thirty thousand, and three thousand bullocks: these were of the king's substance.
Num 31:43-44
2 verses
68%
43(now the congregation's half was three hundred thousand and thirty thousand, seven thousand and five hundred {H4480} sheep,
44and thirty and six thousand oxen,
1 Sam 8:17
68%
17He will take the tenth of your flocks: and ye shall be his servants.
Ezek 34:3
68%
3Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill the fatlings; but ye feed not the sheep.
Ezek 34:17
68%
17And as for you, O my flock, thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Behold, I judge between sheep and sheep, the rams and the he-goats.
Num 6:14
68%
14and he shall offer his oblation unto Jehovah, one he-lamb a year old without blemish for a burnt-offering, and one ewe-lamb a year old without blemish for a sin-offering, and one ram without blemish for peace-offerings,
2 Kgs 3:23-24
2 verses
68%
23and they said, This is blood; the kings are surely destroyed, and they have smitten each man his fellow: now therefore, Moab, to the spoil.
24And when they came to the camp of Israel, the Israelites rose up and smote the Moabites, so that they fled before them; and they went forward into the land smiting the Moabites.
2 Chr 15:11
68%
11And they sacrificed unto Jehovah in that day, of the spoil which they had brought, seven hundred oxen and seven thousand sheep.
2 Kgs 3:21
68%
21Now when all the Moabites heard that the kings were come up to fight against them, they gathered themselves together, all that were able to put on armor, and upward, and stood on the border.
Deut 32:14
68%
14Butter of the herd, and milk of the flock, With fat of lambs, And rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, With the finest of the wheat; And of the blood of the grape thou drankest wine.
Zech 11:4
68%
4Thus said Jehovah my God: Feed the flock of slaughter;
2 Sam 12:2
68%
2The rich man had exceeding many flocks and herds;
2 Sam 8:12
68%
12of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.