Exodus 10:22

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days;

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֵּ֥ט מֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶת־יָד֖וֹ עַל־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַיְהִ֧י חֹֽשֶׁךְ־אֲפֵלָ֛ה בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים׃

Transliteration

wa-yēṭ mōšeh ʾet-yādô ʿal-ha-šāmāyim wa-yəhî ḥōšek-ʾăpēlāh bə-kol-ʾereṣ miṣrayim šəlōšet yāmîm

Grammar Details

*wa-yēṭ*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and stretched out
*mōšeh*: proper noun - Moses
*ʾet-yādô*: direct object marker + noun feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand
*ʿal-ha-šāmāyim*: preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - toward the heavens
*wa-yəhî*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and there was
*ḥōšek-ʾăpēlāh*: noun masculine singular construct + noun feminine singular - thick darkness
*bə-kol-ʾereṣ*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct + noun feminine singular construct - in all the land of
*miṣrayim*: proper noun - Egypt
*šəlōšet*: numeral feminine construct - three
*yāmîm*: noun masculine plural - days

Word Meanings

*ḥōšek-ʾăpēlāh*: thick darkness/deep darkness/darkness of gloom

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

Casual readers
Children and early teens
ESL learners seeking simple English
Readers preferring contemporary language

🔄 Compare with

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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

Ps 105:28 : 28 He sent darkness, and made it dark; And they rebelled not against his words.
Rev 16:10 : 10 And the fifth {G32} poured out his bowl upon the throne of the beast; and his kingdom was darkened; and they gnawed their tongues for pain,
Exod 20:21 : 21 And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.
Deut 4:11 : 11 And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.
Deut 5:22 : 22 These words Jehovah spake unto all your assembly in the mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice: and he added no more. And he wrote them upon two tables of stone, and gave them unto me.
Joel 2:2 : 2 a day of darkness and gloominess, a day of clouds and thick darkness, as the dawn spread upon the mountains; a great people and a strong; there hath not been ever the like, neither shall be any more after them, even to the years of many generations.
Joel 2:31 : 31 The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of Jehovah cometh.
Amos 4:13 : 13 For, lo, he that formeth the mountains, and createth the wind, and declareth unto man what is his thought; that maketh the morning darkness, and treadeth upon the high places of the earth— Jehovah, the God of hosts, is his name.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

Exod 10:20-21
2 verses
90%
20But Jehovah hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go.
21And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.
Exod 10:23
81%
23they saw not one another, neither rose any one from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.
Exod 9:22-24
3 verses
75%
22And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch forth thy hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.
23And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven: and Jehovah sent thunder and hail, and fire ran down unto the earth; and Jehovah rained hail upon the land of Egypt.
24So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.
Exod 14:20-21
2 verses
75%
20and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness, yet gave it light by night: and the one came not near the other all the night.
21And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and Jehovah caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all the night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.
Josh 24:7
75%
7And when they cried out unto Jehovah, he put darkness between you and the Egyptians, and brought the sea upon them, and covered them; and your eyes saw what I did in Egypt: and ye dwelt in the wilderness many days.
Exod 20:21
74%
21And the people stood afar off, and Moses drew near unto the thick darkness where God was.
Exod 10:12-13
2 verses
74%
12And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.
13And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and Jehovah brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all the night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.
Job 10:22
73%
22The land dark as midnight, [The land] of the shadow of death, without any order, And where the light is as midnight.
Ps 105:28
73%
28He sent darkness, and made it dark; And they rebelled not against his words.
Exod 24:18
73%
18And Moses entered into the midst of the cloud, and went up into the mount: and Moses was in the mount forty days and forty nights.
Exod 9:33
73%
33And Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh, and spread abroad his hands unto Jehovah: and the thunders and hail ceased, and the rain was not poured upon the earth.
Exod 10:15
72%
15For they covered the face of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened; and they did eat every herb of the land, and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left: and there remained not any green thing, either tree or herb of the field, through all the land of Egypt.
Exod 11:3-4
2 verses
71%
3And Jehovah gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people.
4And Moses said, Thus saith Jehovah, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt:
Matt 27:45
71%
45Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour.
Exod 3:20
71%
20And I will put forth my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.
Deut 11:3
71%
3and his signs, and his works, which he did in the midst of Egypt unto Pharaoh the king of Egypt, and unto all his land;
Deut 34:11-12
2 verses
71%
11in all the signs and the wonders, which Jehovah sent him to do in the land of Egypt, to Pharaoh, and to all his servants, and to all his land,
12and in all the mighty hand, and in all the great terror, which Moses wrought in the sight of all Israel.
Mark 15:33
70%
33And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
Deut 4:11
70%
11And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.
Exod 24:15-16
2 verses
70%
15And Moses went up into the mount, and the cloud covered the mount.
16And the glory of Jehovah abode upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days: and the seventh day he called unto Moses out of the midst of the cloud.
Exod 14:26-27
2 verses
70%
26And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand over the sea, that the waters may come again upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen.
27And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and Jehovah overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.
Exod 19:16
69%
16And it came to pass on the third day, when it was morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of a trumpet exceeding loud; and all the people that were in the camp trembled.
Job 3:5
69%
5Let darkness and the shadow of death claim it for their own; Let a cloud dwell upon it; Let all that maketh black the day terrify it.
Isa 8:22
69%
22and they shall look unto the earth, and behold, distress and darkness, the gloom of anguish; and into thick darkness [they shall be] driven away.
Exod 9:10
69%
10And they took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward heaven; and it became a boil breaking forth with blains upon man and upon beast.
2 Sam 22:12
69%
12And he made darkness pavilions round about him, Gathering of waters, thick clouds of the skies.
Joel 3:15
69%
15The sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining.
Exod 9:8
69%
8And Jehovah said unto Moses and unto Aaron, Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward heaven in the sight of Pharaoh.
Exod 11:10
69%
10And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and Jehovah hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go out of his land.
Luke 23:44
69%
44And it was now about the sixth hour, and a darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour,
Ps 105:39
69%
39He spread a cloud for a covering, And fire to give light in the night.
Job 22:11
69%
11Or darkness, so that thou canst not see, And abundance of waters cover thee.
Exod 3:10
68%
10Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
Exod 9:18
68%
18Behold, to-morrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now.
Exod 14:3
68%
3And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel, They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.
Exod 12:30
68%
30And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.
Exod 14:10
68%
10And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto Jehovah.
Exod 17:12
68%
12But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; And his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.