Job 18:20

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

They that come after shall be astonished at his day, As they that went before were affrighted.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

עַל־יוֹמוֹ נָשַׁמּוּ אַחֲרֹנִים וְקַדְמֹנִים אָחֲזוּ שָׂעַר

Transliteration

ʿal-yômô nāšammû ʾaḥărōnîm wəqaḏmōnîm ʾāḥăzû śāʿar

Grammar Details

• *ʿal-yômô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - at his day
• *nāšammû*: Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are appalled
• *ʾaḥărōnîm*: adjective, masculine plural - those who come after
• *wəqaḏmōnîm*: conjunction + adjective, masculine plural - and those who are before
• *ʾāḥăzû*: Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they seize
• *śāʿar*: noun, masculine singular - horror

Word Meanings

• *ʿal-yômô*: at his day/fate/doom
• *nāšammû*: they are appalled/astonished/horrified
• *ʾaḥărōnîm*: those who come after/who are west/later ones
• *wəqaḏmōnîm*: and those who are before/who are east/earlier ones
• *ʾāḥăzû śāʿar*: they seize horror/are horrified/shudder

Referenced Verses

• Ps 37:13 : 13 The Lord will laugh at him; For he seeth that his day is coming.
• Jer 50:27 : 27 Slay all her bullocks; let them go down to the slaughter: woe unto them! for their day is come, the time of their visitation.
• Ezek 21:25 : 25 And thou, O deadly wounded wicked one, the prince of Israel, whose day is come, in the time of the iniquity of the end,
• Obad 1:11-15 : 11 In the day that thou stoodest on the other side, in the day that strangers carried away his substance, and foreigners entered into his gates, and cast lots upon Jerusalem, even thou wast as one of them. 12 But look not thou on the day of thy brother in the day of his disaster, and rejoice not over the children of Judah in the day of their destruction; neither speak proudly in the day of distress. 13 Enter not into the gate of my people in the day of their calamity; yea, look not thou on their affliction in the day of their calamity, neither lay ye hands on their substance in the day of their calamity. 14 And stand thou not in the crossway, to cut off those of his that escape; and deliver not up those of his that remain in the day of distress. 15 For the day of Jehovah is near upon all the nations: as thou hast done, it shall be done unto thee; thy dealing shall return upon thine own head.
• Luke 19:42 : 42 saying, If thou hadst known in this {G4675} day, even thou, the things which belong unto {G4675} peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.
• Luke 19:44 : 44 and shall dash thee to the ground, and thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation.
• Deut 29:23-24 : 23 [ and that] the whole land thereof is brimstone, and salt, [and] a burning, [that] it is not sown, nor beareth, nor any grass groweth therein, like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, which Jehovah overthrew in his anger, and in his wrath: 24 even all the nations shall say, Wherefore hath Jehovah done thus unto this land? what meaneth the heat of this great anger?
• 1 Kgs 9:8 : 8 And though this house is so high, yet shall every one that passeth by it be astonished, and shall hiss; and they shall say, Why hath Jehovah done thus unto this land, and to this house?
• Job 2:12-13 : 12 And when they lifted up their eyes afar off, and knew him not, they lifted up their voice, and wept; and they rent every one his robe, and sprinkled dust upon their heads toward heaven. 13 So they sat down with him upon the ground seven days and seven nights, and none spake a word unto him: for they saw that his grief was very great.
• Job 19:13-19 : 13 He hath put my brethren far from me, And mine acquaintance are wholly estranged from me. 14 My kinsfolk have failed, And my familiar friends have forgotten me. 15 They that dwell in my house, and my maids, count me for a stranger; I am an alien in their sight. 16 I call unto my servant, and he giveth me no answer, [Though] I entreat him with my mouth. 17 My breath is strange to my wife, And my supplication to the children of mine own mother. 18 Even young children despise me; If I arise, they speak against me. 19 All my familiar friends abhor me, And they whom I loved are turned against me.
• Ps 137:7 : 7 Remember, O Jehovah, against the children of Edom The day of Jerusalem; Who said, Rase it, rase it, Even to the foundation thereof.
• Jer 18:16 : 16 to make their land an astonishment, and a perpetual hissing; every one that passeth thereby shall be astonished, and shake his head.