1 Kings 9:22

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

But Solomon did not make slaves of the Israelites; they were his soldiers, servants, officials, commanders, captains, and commanders of his chariots and cavalry.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּמִבְּנֵי֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹֽא־נָתַ֥ן שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה עָ֑בֶד כִּי־הֵ֞ם אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וַעֲבָדָיו֙ וְשָׂרָ֣יו וְשָׁלִשָׁ֔יו וְשָׂרֵ֥י רִכְבּ֖וֹ וּפָרָשָֽׁיו׃ ס

Transliteration

But from-sons of-yiśrāʾēl not-nātan šəlōmōh ʿābed; for-they ʾanšê the-milḥāmāh and his-ʿăbādāyw and his-śārāyw and his-šālîšāyw and śārê his-rikbô and his-pārāšāyw.

Grammar Details

• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *nātan*: qal perfect 3ms - he gave/made
• *šəlōmōh*: proper noun - Solomon
• *ʿābed*: noun, masculine singular - slave
• *ʾanšê*: noun, masculine plural construct - men of
• *milḥāmāh*: noun, feminine singular with article - the war
• *ʿăbādāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his servants
• *śārāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his officials
• *šālîšāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his officers
• *śārê*: noun, masculine plural construct - commanders of
• *rikbô*: noun, masculine singular construct + 3ms suffix - his chariotry
• *pārāšāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his horsemen

Word Meanings

• *ʾanšê hammilḥāmāh*: men of war/warriors/soldiers
• *ʿăbādāyw*: his servants/officials/attendants
• *śārāyw*: his officials/princes/commanders
• *šālîšāyw*: his officers/captains/adjutants (lit. 'third men')
• *rikbô*: his chariotry/chariots
• *pārāšāyw*: his horsemen/cavalry

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondmen: but they were men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots, and his horsemen.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But of the children of Israel Solomon made no bondmen: but they were men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots, and his horsemen.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondmen: but they were men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots, and his horsemen.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But of the children{H1121} of Israel{H3478} did Solomon{H8010} make{H5414} no bondservants;{H5650} but they were the men{H582} of war,{H4421} and his servants,{H5650} and his princes,{H8269} and his captains,{H7991} and rulers{H8269} of his chariots{H7393} and of his horsemen.{H6571}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But of the children{H1121} of Israel{H3478} did Solomon{H8010} make{H5414}{(H8804)} no bondmen{H5650}: but they were men{H582} of war{H4421}, and his servants{H5650}, and his princes{H8269}, and his captains{H7991}, and rulers{H8269} of his chariots{H7393}, and his horsemen{H6571}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But of the children of Israel he made no bondmen, but let them be men of warre, and his seruauntes, and prynces, and knightes, and ouer his charettes and horsme.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But of the children of Israel did Salomon make no bondmen: but they were men of warre and his seruants, and his princes, & his captaines, and rulers of his charets and his horsemen.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But of the children of Israel dyd Solomon make no bondmen: But they were men of warre, his ministers, his lordes, his captaynes, and rulers of his charettes, and his horsemen.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondmen: but they [were] men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots, and his horsemen.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondservants; but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And out of the sons of Israel Solomon hath not appointed a servant, for they `are' the men of war, and his servants, and his heads, and his captains, and the heads of his chariots, and his horsemen.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondservants; but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondservants; but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But Solomon did not put the children of Israel to forced work; they were the men of war, his servants, his captains, and his chiefs, captains of his war-carriages and of his horsemen.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondservants; but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Solomon did not assign Israelites to these work crews; the Israelites served as his soldiers, attendants, officers, charioteers, and commanders of his chariot forces.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 25:39 : 39 If any of your fellow Israelites become poor and sell themselves to you, do not make them work as slaves.
• 1 Sam 8:11-12 : 11 He said, 'This is what the king who will reign over you will demand: He will take your sons and assign them to his chariots and horses, and they will run in front of his chariots. 12 He will appoint them as commanders of thousands and commanders of fifties. Some will plow his fields, reap his harvest, and make his weapons of war and equipment for his chariots.
• 1 Kgs 4:1-9 : 1 King Solomon ruled over all Israel. 2 These were the officials beside him: Azariah, son of Zadok, the priest. 3 Elihoreph and Ahijah, sons of Shisha, were scribes; Jehoshaphat, son of Ahilud, was the recorder. 4 Benaiah, son of Jehoiada, was in charge of the army; Zadok and Abiathar were priests. 5 Azariah, son of Nathan, was over the officials; Zabud, son of Nathan, was a priest and advisor to the king. 6 Ahishar was in charge of the palace; Adoniram, son of Abda, was in charge of forced labor. 7 Solomon had twelve officials over all Israel, who supplied provisions for the king and his household, each one responsible for providing throughout one month of the year. 8 These are their names: Ben-Hur was in the hill country of Ephraim. 9 Ben-Deker was in Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth-Shemesh, and Elon-Beth-Hanan. 10 Ben-Hesed was in Arubboth; to him belonged Socoh and the entire territory of Hepher. 11 Ben-Abinadab was in all the region of Dor. Taphath, a daughter of Solomon, was his wife. 12 Baana, son of Ahilud, was in Taanach, Megiddo, and all Beth-Shean near Zarethan below Jezreel, from Beth-Shean to Abel-Meholah and beyond to Jokmeam. 13 Ben-Geber was in Ramoth-Gilead; he governed the villages of Jair, son of Manasseh, in Gilead, and also the region of Argob in Bashan with its sixty large walled cities and bronze gates. 14 Ahinadab, son of Iddo, was in Mahanaim. 15 Ahimaaz was in Naphtali; he married Basemath, a daughter of Solomon. 16 Baana, son of Hushai, was in Asher and Bealoth. 17 Jehoshaphat, son of Paruah, was in Issachar. 18 Shimei, son of Ela, was in Benjamin. 19 Geber, son of Uri, was in the land of Gilead, the land of Sihon, king of the Amorites, and Og, king of Bashan. He was the only governor in that region. 20 Judah and Israel were numerous, as countless as the sand on the seashore. They ate, drank, and were joyful.
• 2 Chr 8:9-9 : 9 But Solomon did not make any of the Israelites slaves for his work; instead, they served as soldiers, commanders of his officers, commanders of his chariots, and his cavalry. 10 These were the chief officers over King Solomon’s projects: 250 officials who supervised the people.