2 Samuel 5:4

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

David was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned for forty years.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

בֶּן־שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה דָּוִ֖ד בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה מָלָֽךְ׃

Transliteration

Son-of-thirty šānāh dāwid in-mālḵô forty šānāh mālāḵ

Grammar Details

• *ben-šəlōšîm šānāh*: idiomatic expression - thirty years old
• *šānāh*: noun, feminine singular - year
• *dāwid*: proper noun - David
• *bə-mālḵô*: preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his becoming king/when he became king
• *mālāḵ*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he reigned

Word Meanings

• *bə-mālḵô*: when he became king/at his accession

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thyrtie yeare olde was Dauid whan he was made kynge, and reigned fortye yeares.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Dauid was thirtie yeere olde when he began to reigne: and hee reigned fortie yeere.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Dauid was thirtie yeres olde when he began to raigne, and he raigned fourtie yeres.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  David [was] thirty years old when he began to reign, [and] he reigned forty years.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  A son of thirty years `is' David in his being king; forty years he hath reigned;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  David was thirty years old when he became king, and he was king for forty years,

• World English Bible (2000)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  David was thirty years old when he began to reign and he reigned for forty years.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Chr 26:31 : 31 From the Hebronites: Jerijah was the leader according to their genealogies of the families. In the fortieth year of David's reign, they were searched, and among them were found capable warriors in Jazer of Gilead.
• 1 Chr 29:27 : 27 He ruled over Israel for forty years: seven years in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem.
• Luke 3:23 : 23 Now Jesus was about thirty years old when he began his ministry. He was thought to be the son of Joseph, the son of Heli,
• 1 Kgs 2:11 : 11 David reigned over Israel for forty years: seven years in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem.
• 1 Chr 3:4 : 4 Six sons were born to David in Hebron, where he ruled for seven years and six months. Then he reigned in Jerusalem for thirty-three years.