Daniel 2:1

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

In the second year of Nebuchadnezzar’s reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams that deeply troubled his spirit, and his sleep left him.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּבִשְׁנַ֣ת שְׁתַּ֗יִם לְמַלְכוּת֙ נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּ֔ר חָלַ֥ם נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר חֲלֹמ֑וֹת וַתִּתְפָּ֣עֶם רוּח֔וֹ וּשְׁנָת֖וֹ נִהְיְתָ֥ה עָלָֽיו׃

Transliteration

And in shənath two to malkhuth Nəvukhadnetzar, ḥalam Nəvukhadnetzar ḥalomoth; wattitpāʿem ruḥo and shənato nihyəthah upon him.

Grammar Details

• *shənath*: construct state, feminine singular - 'year of'
• *malkhuth*: construct state, feminine singular - 'kingdom/reign of'
• *Nəvukhadnetzar*: proper noun, masculine - 'Nebuchadnezzar'
• *ḥalam*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'dreamed'
• *ḥalomoth*: masculine plural noun - 'dreams'
• *wattitpāʿem*: hitpael imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - 'and was troubled/agitated'
• *ruḥo*: feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his spirit'
• *shənato*: feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his sleep'
• *nihyəthah*: niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'happened/came/was'

Word Meanings

• *shənath*: year of, second year
• *malkhuth*: kingdom, kingship, reign, royal power
• *ḥalam*: dreamed, had dreams
• *ḥalomoth*: dreams (plural form)
• *wattitpāʿem*: was troubled, was agitated, was disturbed
• *ruḥo*: his spirit, his mind, his breath
• *shənato*: his sleep, his rest
• *nihyəthah*: was, happened, came, occurred

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  In the second year of Nebuchadnezzar's reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams that troubled his spirit, and his sleep left him.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And in the second{H8147} year{H8141} of the reign{H4438} of Nebuchadnezzar,{H5019} Nebuchadnezzar{H5019} dreamed{H2492} dreams;{H2472} and his spirit{H7307} was troubled,{H6470} and his sleep{H8142} went{H1961} from him.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And in the second{H8147} year{H8141} of the reign{H4438} of Nebuchadnezzar{H5019} Nebuchadnezzar{H5019} dreamed{H2492}{(H8804)} dreams{H2472}, wherewith his spirit{H7307} was troubled{H6470}{(H8691)}, and his sleep{H8142} brake{H1961}{(H8738)} from him.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  In the secode yeare off the raigne of Nabuchodonosor, had Nabuchodonosor a dreame, where thorow his sprete was vexed, and his slepe brake from him.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And in the seconde yeere of the raygne of Nebuchad-nezzar, Nebuchad-nezzar dreamed dreames wherewith his spirite was troubled, and his sleepe was vpon him.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  In the second yere of the raigne of Nabuchodonozor, had Nabuchodonozor a dreame, wherthorowe his spirite was troubled & his sleepe brake from him.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  In the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams; and his spirit was troubled, and his sleep went from him.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, dreamed hath Nebuchadnezzar dreams, and his spirit doth move itself, and his sleep hath been against him;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams; and his spirit was troubled, and his sleep went from him.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams; and his spirit was troubled, and his sleep went from him.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  In the second year of the rule of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams; and his spirit was troubled and his sleep went from him.

• World English Bible (2000)

  In the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams; and his spirit was troubled, and his sleep went from him.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Nebuchadnezzar Has a Disturbing Dream In the second year of his reign Nebuchadnezzar had many dreams. His mind was disturbed and he suffered from insomnia.

Referenced Verses

• Esth 6:1 : 1 That night, the king couldn’t sleep, so he commanded that the book of records, the chronicles, be brought in and read before him.
• Dan 4:5 : 5 Finally, Daniel came before me (whose name is Belteshazzar, named after my god, and in whom the spirit of the holy gods resides), and I told him the dream.
• Dan 6:18 : 18 A stone was brought and placed over the mouth of the den, and the king sealed it with his own signet ring and the rings of his nobles, so that nothing could be changed in regard to Daniel.
• Gen 40:5-8 : 5 Both of them—the cupbearer and the baker of the king of Egypt, who were confined in the prison—had a dream the same night, and each dream had its own meaning. 6 When Joseph came to them in the morning, he saw that they were troubled. 7 He asked Pharaoh's officials who were in custody with him in his master's house, 'Why do you look so downcast today?' 8 They said to him, 'We each had a dream, but there is no one to interpret it.' Joseph replied, 'Do not interpretations belong to God? Tell them to me, please.'
• Job 33:15-17 : 15 In a dream, a vision of the night, when deep sleep falls upon men, while they slumber on their beds, 16 then He opens the ears of men and seals their instruction. 17 To turn a man from wrongdoing and to conceal pride from him.
• Dan 2:3 : 3 The king said to them, "I have dreamed a dream, and my spirit is troubled to understand the dream."
• Jer 25:1 : 1 The message that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah, which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
• Gen 41:1-9 : 1 After two full years, Pharaoh dreamed that he was standing by the Nile. 2 And behold, seven cows, beautiful in appearance and well-fed, came up out of the Nile and began grazing among the reeds. 3 And behold, seven other cows came up after them from the Nile, ugly and thin, and they stood beside the other cows on the bank of the Nile. 4 And the ugly and thin cows devoured the seven beautiful and well-fed cows. Then Pharaoh woke up. 5 He fell asleep again and dreamed a second time: Seven ears of grain, plump and good, were growing on one stalk. 6 And behold, seven ears of grain, thin and scorched by the east wind, sprouted after them. 7 And the thin ears of grain swallowed up the seven plump and full ears. Then Pharaoh woke up, and it was a dream. 8 In the morning, Pharaoh's spirit was troubled, so he sent for all the magicians of Egypt and its wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but no one could interpret them for him. 9 Then the chief cupbearer spoke to Pharaoh, saying, 'Today, I remember my offenses.' 10 'Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and he put me and the chief baker in custody in the house of the captain of the guard.' 11 'We both had dreams on the same night, each with its own meaning.' 12 'And there with us was a young Hebrew man, a servant of the captain of the guard. We told him our dreams, and he interpreted them for us, giving each of us the meaning of his dream.' 13 And just as he interpreted our dreams for us, so it came to be: I was restored to my position, and the other was hanged. 14 Then Pharaoh sent for Joseph, and they quickly brought him from the dungeon. After he shaved and changed his clothes, he came before Pharaoh. 15 Pharaoh said to Joseph, 'I had a dream, and no one can interpret it. But I have heard it said about you that when you hear a dream, you can interpret it.' 16 Joseph answered Pharaoh, 'It is not in me; God will give Pharaoh a favorable answer.' 17 Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, 'In my dream, I was standing on the bank of the Nile.' 18 'And behold, seven cows, fat and sleek, came up out of the Nile and began grazing among the reeds.' 19 'Then seven other cows came up after them, weak, ugly, and gaunt—such as I had never seen in all the land of Egypt for ugliness.' 20 'And the thin, ugly cows devoured the seven fat cows that came up first.' 21 'But even after they had eaten them, no one could tell that they had done so; they still looked just as ugly as before. Then I woke up.' 22 'In my second dream, I saw seven ears of grain, full and good, growing on one stalk.' 23 'After them, seven other ears of grain sprouted—thin and scorched by the east wind.' 24 'The thin ears of grain swallowed up the seven good ears. I told this to the magicians, but no one could explain it to me.' 25 Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, 'The dreams of Pharaoh are one and the same. God has revealed to Pharaoh what He is about to do.' 26 'The seven good cows are seven years, and the seven good ears of grain are also seven years; the dreams mean the same thing.' 27 The seven thin and ugly cows that came up after them are seven years, and the seven thin ears of grain scorched by the east wind also represent seven years of famine. 28 It is just as I told Pharaoh: God has shown Pharaoh what He is about to do. 29 Behold, seven years of great abundance are coming throughout the land of Egypt. 30 But after them, seven years of famine will arise, and all the abundance in the land of Egypt will be forgotten. The famine will ravage the land. 31 The abundance in the land will not be remembered because the famine that follows will be so severe. 32 As for the dream being repeated to Pharaoh twice, it means that the matter has been firmly decided by God, and He will carry it out soon. 33 Now let Pharaoh look for a discerning and wise man and put him in charge of the land of Egypt. 34 Let Pharaoh take action to appoint overseers in the land and collect a fifth of the harvest of Egypt during the seven years of abundance. 35 Let them gather all the food from these good years that are coming and store up grain under Pharaoh’s authority for food in the cities, and let them guard it. 36 This food will be held in reserve for the land to be used during the seven years of famine that will come upon Egypt, so that the land will not be destroyed by the famine.
• 2 Chr 36:5-7 : 5 Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD his God. 6 Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came up against him, bound him in bronze chains, and took him to Babylon. 7 Nebuchadnezzar also brought some of the vessels of the house of the LORD to Babylon and placed them in his temple in Babylon.
• Dan 1:1-5 : 1 In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came to Jerusalem and besieged it. 2 The Lord delivered Jehoiakim, king of Judah, along with some of the vessels from the house of God, into his hand. He brought them to the land of Shinar, to the house of his god, and placed the vessels in the treasury of his god. 3 The king ordered Ashpenaz, the chief of his officials, to bring some of the sons of Israel from the royal family and the nobles. 4 They were young men without any physical defect, handsome, skilled in all wisdom, knowledgeable, discerning, and capable of serving in the king's palace. He was to teach them the literature and the language of the Chaldeans. 5 The king assigned them a daily portion from the royal food and wine that he drank. They were to be trained for three years, and at the end of that time, they were to serve before the king.