31{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.31",
"source": "וַיְּ[t]שָּֽׁמְעוּ֙ הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֣ר דָּוִ֑ד וַיַּגִּ֥דוּ לִפְנֵֽי־שָׁא֖וּל וַיִּקָּחֵֽהוּ׃",
"text": "And *wayyiššāmʿû* the-*dəbārîm* which *dibbēr* *dāwid*; and *wayyaggidû* before-*šāʾûl* and *wayyiqqāḥēhû*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiššāmʿû*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine plural Niphal imperfect of *šmʿ* - and they were heard",
"*dəbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words/things/matters",
"*dibbēr*": "3rd masculine singular Piel perfect of *dbr* - spoke/said",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*wayyaggidû*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine plural Hiphil imperfect of *ngd* - and they reported/told",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*wayyiqqāḥēhû*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *lqḥ* + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he took him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiššāmʿû*": "were heard/became known",
"*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things",
"*dibbēr*": "spoke/said/uttered",
"*wayyaggidû*": "told/reported/declared",
"*wayyiqqāḥēhû*": "took him/summoned him/fetched him"
}
}
32{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.32",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל אַל־יִפֹּ֥ל לֵב־אָדָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו עַבְדְּךָ֣ יֵלֵ֔ךְ וְנִלְחַ֖ם עִם־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥י הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwid* to-*šāʾûl*, \"Not-*yippōl* *lēb*-*ʾādām* upon-him; *ʿabdəkā* *yēlēk* and *nilḥam* with-the-*pəlištî* the-*zeh*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *ʾmr* - and he said",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*yippōl*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *npl* - he will fall",
"*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart",
"*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person",
"*ʿabdəkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant",
"*yēlēk*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *hlk* - he will go",
"*nilḥam*": "3rd masculine singular Niphal perfect of *lḥm* - he will fight",
"*pəlištî*": "gentilic noun, masculine singular - Philistine",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this"
},
"variants": {
"*yippōl*": "fall/fail/falter",
"*lēb*": "heart/mind/courage",
"*ʾādām*": "man/person/anyone",
"*nilḥam*": "fight/do battle with",
"*pəlištî*": "Philistine (member of the sea peoples)"
}
}
33{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.33",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד לֹ֤א תוּכַל֙ לָלֶ֙כֶת֙ אֶל־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־נַ֣עַר אַ֔תָּה וְה֛וּא אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִנְּעֻרָֽיו׃ ס",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to-*dāwid*, \"Not *tûkal* to-*lāleket* to-the-*pəlištî* the-*zeh* to-*hīllāḥēm* with-him, for-*naʿar* *ʾattāh*, and-he *ʾîš* *milḥāmâ* from-*nəʿurāyw*. *s*\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *ʾmr* - and he said",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*tûkal*": "2nd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *ykl* - you are able",
"*lāleket*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct of *hlk* - to go",
"*pəlištî*": "gentilic noun, masculine singular - Philistine",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*hīllāḥēm*": "Niphal infinitive construct of *lḥm* - to fight",
"*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - youth/boy",
"*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - you",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle",
"*nəʿurāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his youth",
"*s*": "section marker in Hebrew text"
},
"variants": {
"*tûkal*": "be able/prevail/succeed",
"*naʿar*": "boy/youth/servant",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/warrior",
"*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/warfare",
"*nəʿurāyw*": "his youth/his young age/his adolescence"
}
}
34{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.34",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל רֹעֶ֨ה הָיָ֧ה עַבְדְּךָ֛ לְאָבִ֖יו בַּצֹּ֑אן וּבָ֤א הָֽאֲרִי֙ וְאֶת־הַדּ֔וֹב וְנָשָׂ֥א שֶׂ֖ה מֵהָעֵֽדֶר׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwid* to-*šāʾûl*, \"*rōʿeh* *hāyâ* *ʿabdəkā* to-*ʾābîw* with-the-*ṣōʾn*, and-*bāʾ* the-*ʾărî* and-*ʾet*-the-*dôb*, and-*nāśāʾ* *śeh* from-the-*ʿēder*.\"",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + 3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect of *ʾmr* - and he said",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*rōʿeh*": "Qal active participle of *rʿh*, masculine singular - shepherding",
"*hāyâ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal perfect of *hyh* - was",
"*ʿabdəkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servant",
"*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father",
"*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular collective - flock/sheep",
"*bāʾ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal perfect of *bwʾ* - came",
"*ʾărî*": "noun, masculine singular - lion",
"*dôb*": "noun, masculine singular - bear",
"*nāśāʾ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal perfect of *nśʾ* - carried/took",
"*śeh*": "noun, masculine singular - sheep/lamb",
"*ʿēder*": "noun, masculine singular - flock"
},
"variants": {
"*rōʿeh*": "shepherd/one who tends",
"*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flock/small livestock",
"*ʾărî*": "lion/predator",
"*dôb*": "bear/predator",
"*nāśāʾ*": "took/carried/lifted",
"*śeh*": "lamb/sheep/one of the flock",
"*ʿēder*": "flock/herd"
}
}