1 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.1",
"source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּים֙ לָֽקְח֔וּ אֵ֖ת אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיְבִאֻ֛הוּ מֵאֶ֥בֶן הָעֵ֖זֶר אַשְׁדּֽוֹדָה׃",
"text": "And *pəlištîm* *lāqəḥû* *ʾēt* *ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and-*wayəbiʾuhû* from-*ʾeben* the-*hāʿēzer* *ʾašdôdâ*",
"grammar": {
"*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*lāqəḥû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they took",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods",
"*wayəbiʾuhû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they brought it",
"*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular construct - stone of",
"*hāʿēzer*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the help",
"*ʾašdôdâ*": "proper noun with directional he suffix - to Ashdod"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings",
"*ʾeben hāʿēzer*": "Ebenezer (proper name of a location)",
"*ʾašdôdâ*": "to Ashdod (one of the five Philistine cities)"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.2",
"source": "וַיִּקְח֤וּ פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיָּבִ֥יאוּ אֹת֖וֹ בֵּ֣ית דָּג֑וֹן וַיַּצִּ֥יגוּ אֹת֖וֹ אֵ֥צֶל דָּגֽוֹן׃",
"text": "And-*wayyiqəḥû* *pəlištîm* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and-*wayyābiʾû* *ʾōtô* *bêt* *dāgôn* and-*wayyaṣṣîgû* *ʾōtô* *ʾēṣel* *dāgôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqəḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they took",
"*pəlištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God/gods",
"*wayyābiʾû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they brought",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him/it",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*wayyaṣṣîgû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they set/placed",
"*ʾēṣel*": "preposition - beside/near",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon"
},
"variants": {
"*dāgôn*": "Dagon (Philistine deity, possibly associated with grain or fish)",
"*bêt dāgôn*": "house/temple of Dagon"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.3",
"source": "וַיַּשְׁכִּ֤מוּ אַשְׁדּוֹדִים֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וְהִנֵּ֣ה דָג֗וֹן נֹפֵ֤ל לְפָנָיו֙ אַ֔רְצָה לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּקְחוּ֙ אֶת־דָּג֔וֹן וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ לִמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And-*wayyaškimû* *ʾašdôdîm* from-the-*mimmāḥŏrāt* and-*wəhinnê* *dāgôn* *nōpēl* to-*pānāyw* *ʾarṣâ* to-*pənê* *ʾărôn* *YHWH* and-*wayyiqḥû* *ʾet*-*dāgôn* and-*wayyāšibû* *ʾōtô* to-*məqômô*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaškimû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they rose early",
"*ʾašdôdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - people of Ashdod/Ashdodites",
"*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from the next day/tomorrow",
"*wəhinnê*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*nōpēl*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - falling/fallen",
"*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he suffix - to the ground",
"*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/before",
"*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*wayyiqḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they took",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*wayyāšibû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they returned",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him/it",
"*məqômô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾašdôdîm*": "Ashdodites/people of Ashdod",
"*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "the next day/following morning",
"*nōpēl*": "falling/fallen",
"*pānāyw ʾarṣâ*": "on his face to the ground/prostrate"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.4",
"source": "וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּקֶר֮ מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה דָג֗וֹן נֹפֵ֤ל לְפָנָיו֙ אַ֔רְצָה לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה וְרֹ֨אשׁ דָּג֜וֹן וּשְׁתֵּ֣י ׀ כַּפּ֣וֹת יָדָ֗יו כְּרֻתוֹת֙ אֶל־הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן רַ֥ק דָּג֖וֹן נִשְׁאַ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃",
"text": "And-*wayyaškimû* in-the-*baboqer* from-the-*mimmāḥŏrāt* and-*wəhinnê* *dāgôn* *nōpēl* to-*pānāyw* *ʾarṣâ* to-*pənê* *ʾărôn* *YHWH* and-*rōʾš* *dāgôn* and-*šətê* palms-of *yādāyw* *kərutôt* to-the-*miptān* only *dāgôn* *nišʾar* upon-him",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaškimû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they rose early",
"*baboqer*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with definite article - in the morning",
"*mimmāḥŏrāt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from the next day",
"*wəhinnê*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*nōpēl*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine singular - falling/fallen",
"*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he suffix - to the ground",
"*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/before",
"*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*šətê*": "numeral, feminine dual construct - two of",
"*yādāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands",
"*kərutôt*": "verb, qal passive participle, feminine plural - cut off",
"*miptān*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the threshold",
"*nišʾar*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was left/remained",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him"
},
"variants": {
"*miptān*": "threshold/doorway",
"*raq dāgôn nišʾar ʿālāyw*": "only Dagon [the trunk/fish part] remained of him"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.5",
"source": "עַל־כֵּ֡ן לֹֽא־יִדְרְכוּ֩ כֹהֲנֵ֨י דָג֜וֹן וְכָֽל־הַבָּאִ֧ים בֵּית־דָּג֛וֹן עַל־מִפְתַּ֥ן דָּג֖וֹן בְּאַשְׁדּ֑וֹד עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃",
"text": "Upon-*kēn* not-*yidərkû* *kōhănê* *dāgôn* and-all-the-*bāʾîm* *bêt*-*dāgôn* upon-*miptan* *dāgôn* in-*ʾašdôd* until the-*hayyôm* the-*hazzeh*",
"grammar": {
"*kēn*": "adverb - thus/therefore",
"*yidərkû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they tread/step",
"*kōhănê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - priests of",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*bāʾîm*": "verb, qal active participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones entering",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*miptan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - threshold of",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*ʾašdôd*": "proper noun - Ashdod",
"*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day",
"*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular with definite article - this"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿal-kēn*": "therefore/for this reason",
"*lōʾ-yidərkû*": "they do not step/tread",
"*hayyôm hazzeh*": "this day/today"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.6",
"source": "וַתִּכְבַּ֧ד יַד־יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־הָאַשְׁדּוֹדִ֖ים וַיְשִּׁמֵּ֑ם וַיַּ֤ךְ אֹתָם֙ *בעפלים **בַּטְּחֹרִ֔ים אֶת־אַשְׁדּ֖וֹד וְאֶת־גְּבוּלֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And-*watikbad* hand-of-*YHWH* unto-the-*hāʾašdôdîm* and-*wayšimmēm* and-*wayyak* *ʾōtām* with-*bāʿŏpālîm* **baṭṭəḥōrîm* *ʾet*-*ʾašdôd* and-*ʾet*-*gəbûlehâ*",
"grammar": {
"*watikbad*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and was heavy/severe",
"*yad-YHWH*": "noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - hand of YHWH",
"*hāʾašdôdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Ashdodites",
"*wayšimmēm*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he devastated them",
"*wayyak*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he struck",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*bāʿŏpālîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - with tumors/hemorrhoids [Kethib]",
"*baṭṭəḥōrîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with definite article - with the tumors/hemorrhoids [Qere]",
"*ʾašdôd*": "proper noun - Ashdod",
"*gəbûlehâ*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her borders/territories"
},
"variants": {
"*watikbad yad-YHWH*": "the hand of YHWH was heavy/severe",
"*wayšimmēm*": "he devastated them/he brought desolation upon them",
"*bāʿŏpālîm*/*baṭṭəḥōrîm*": "with tumors/hemorrhoids/plague swellings (possibly bubonic plague)"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.7",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֥וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־אַשְׁדּ֖וֹד כִּֽי־כֵ֑ן וְאָמְר֗וּ לֹֽא־יֵשֵׁ֞ב אֲר֨וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ עִמָּ֔נוּ כִּֽי־קָשְׁתָ֤ה יָדוֹ֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ וְעַ֖ל דָּג֥וֹן אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃",
"text": "And-*wayyirʾû* men-of-*ʾašdôd* that-*kên* and-*wəʾāmrû* not-*yēšēb* *ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* with-us for-*qāštâ* hand-his upon-us and-upon *dāgôn* *ʾĕlōhênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*ʾašdôd*": "proper noun - Ashdod",
"*kî-kên*": "conjunction + adverb - that thus/so",
"*wəʾāmrû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they said",
"*yēšēb*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will dwell/remain",
"*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿimmānû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - with us",
"*qāštâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it was hard/severe",
"*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - upon us",
"*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person common plural suffix - our god"
},
"variants": {
"*kî-kên*": "that it was so/that this was happening",
"*lōʾ-yēšēb*": "shall not remain/must not stay",
"*qāštâ yādô*": "his hand is hard/severe/harsh against us"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.8",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלְח֡וּ וַיַּאַסְפוּ֩ אֶת־כָּל־סַרְנֵ֨י פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֗ה לַֽאֲרוֹן֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ גַּ֣ת יִסֹּ֔ב אֲר֖וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּסֵּ֕בּוּ אֶת־אֲר֖וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And-*wayyišləḥû* and-*wayyaʾaspû* *ʾet*-all-*sarnê* *pəlištîm* unto-them and-*wayyōʾmrû* what-*naʿăśeh* to-*laʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* and-*wayyōʾmrû* *gat* *yissōb* *ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* and-*wayyassēbbû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišləḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they sent",
"*wayyaʾaspû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they gathered",
"*sarnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords/rulers of",
"*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*wayyōʾmrû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they said",
"*naʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we shall do",
"*laʾărôn*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to the ark of",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*gat*": "proper noun - Gath",
"*yissōb*": "verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let it go around",
"*wayyassēbbû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they brought around"
},
"variants": {
"*sarnê*": "lords/rulers (Philistine term for leaders)",
"*gat yissōb*": "let it be taken to Gath/let it be transferred to Gath",
"*wayyassēbbû*": "they moved/transferred/brought around"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.5.9",
"source": "וַיְהִ֞י אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ הֵסַ֣בּוּ אֹת֗וֹ וַתְּהִ֨י יַד־יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בָּעִיר֙ מְהוּמָה֙ גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֣י הָעִ֔יר מִקָּטֹ֖ן וְעַד־גָּד֑וֹל וַיִּשָּׂתְר֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם *עפלים **טְחֹרִֽים׃",
"text": "And-*wayəhî* after *hēsabbû* *ʾōtô* and-*wattəhî* hand-of-*YHWH* in-the-*bāʿîr* *məhûmâ* *gədôlâ* *məʾōd* and-*wayyak* *ʾet*-men-of the-*hāʿîr* from-*miqqāṭōn* and-until-*gādôl* and-*wayyiśśātrû* to-them *ʿŏpālîm* **ṭəḥōrîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was/happened",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*hēsabbû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they had brought around",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it",
"*wattəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was",
"*yad-YHWH*": "noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - hand of YHWH",
"*bāʿîr*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with definite article - in the city",
"*məhûmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - confusion/panic/tumult",
"*gədôlâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - very",
"*wayyak*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he struck",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*hāʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city",
"*miqqāṭōn*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - from small",
"*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large",
"*wayyiśśātrû*": "verb, niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they broke out",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for them",
"*ʿŏpālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - tumors/hemorrhoids [Kethib]",
"*ṭəḥōrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - tumors/hemorrhoids [Qere]"
},
"variants": {
"*məhûmâ gədôlâ məʾōd*": "very great confusion/panic/tumult",
"*miqqāṭōn wəʿad-gādôl*": "from the small to the great/from young to old",
"*wayyiśśātrû lāhem*": "they broke out with/erupted with",
"*ʿŏpālîm*/*ṭəḥōrîm*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/plague swellings"
}
}