1 Samuel 5:6

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.5.6", "source": "וַתִּכְבַּ֧ד יַד־יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־הָאַשְׁדּוֹדִ֖ים וַיְשִּׁמֵּ֑ם וַיַּ֤ךְ אֹתָם֙ *בעפלים **בַּטְּחֹרִ֔ים אֶת־אַשְׁדּ֖וֹד וְאֶת־גְּבוּלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And-*watikbad* hand-of-*YHWH* unto-the-*hāʾašdôdîm* and-*wayšimmēm* and-*wayyak* *ʾōtām* with-*bāʿŏpālîm* **baṭṭəḥōrîm* *ʾet*-*ʾašdôd* and-*ʾet*-*gəbûlehâ*", "grammar": { "*watikbad*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and was heavy/severe", "*yad-YHWH*": "noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - hand of YHWH", "*hāʾašdôdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Ashdodites", "*wayšimmēm*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he devastated them", "*wayyak*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he struck", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*bāʿŏpālîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - with tumors/hemorrhoids [Kethib]", "*baṭṭəḥōrîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with definite article - with the tumors/hemorrhoids [Qere]", "*ʾašdôd*": "proper noun - Ashdod", "*gəbûlehâ*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her borders/territories" }, "variants": { "*watikbad yad-YHWH*": "the hand of YHWH was heavy/severe", "*wayšimmēm*": "he devastated them/he brought desolation upon them", "*bāʿŏpālîm*/*baṭṭəḥōrîm*": "with tumors/hemorrhoids/plague swellings (possibly bubonic plague)" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַתִּכְבַּ֧ד יַד־יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־הָאַשְׁדּוֹדִ֖ים וַיְשִּׁמֵּ֑ם וַיַּ֤ךְ אֹתָם֙ *בעפלים **בַּטְּחֹרִ֔ים אֶת־אַשְׁדּ֖וֹד וְאֶת־גְּבוּלֶֽיהָ׃

Transliteration

And-watikbad hand-of-YHWH unto-the-hāʾašdôdîm and-wayšimmēm and-wayyak ʾōtām with-bāʿŏpālîm *baṭṭəḥōrîm ʾet-ʾašdôd and-ʾet-gəbûlehâ

Grammar Details

• *watikbad*: verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and was heavy/severe
• *yad-YHWH*: noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - hand of YHWH
• *hāʾašdôdîm*: proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Ashdodites
• *wayšimmēm*: verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he devastated them
• *wayyak*: verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he struck
• *ʾōtām*: direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them
• *bāʿŏpālîm*: preposition + noun, masculine plural - with tumors/hemorrhoids [Kethib]
• *baṭṭəḥōrîm*: preposition + noun, masculine plural with definite article - with the tumors/hemorrhoids [Qere]
• *ʾašdôd*: proper noun - Ashdod
• *gəbûlehâ*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her borders/territories

Word Meanings

• *watikbad yad-YHWH*: the hand of YHWH was heavy/severe
• *wayšimmēm*: he devastated them/he brought desolation upon them
• *bāʿŏpālîm*/*baṭṭəḥōrîm*: with tumors/hemorrhoids/plague swellings (possibly bubonic plague)

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The LORD’s hand was heavy upon the people of Ashdod. He devastated them and afflicted them with tumors, both in Ashdod and its surrounding territory.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But the hand of the LORD was heavy upon them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with emerods, even Ashdod and the coasts thereof.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But the hand of the LORD was heavy upon the people of Ashdod, and He destroyed them and struck them with tumors, even Ashdod and its territory.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But the hand of the LORD was heavy upon them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with emerods, even Ashdod and the coasts thereof.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But the hand{H3027} of Jehovah{H3068} was heavy{H3513} upon them of Ashdod,{H796} and he destroyed{H8074} them, and smote{H5221} them with tumors,{H2914} even Ashdod{H795} and the borders{H1366} thereof.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But the hand{H3027} of the LORD{H3068} was heavy{H3513}{(H8799)} upon them of Ashdod{H796}, and he destroyed{H8074}{(H8686)} them, and smote{H5221}{(H8686)} them with emerods{H2914}{(H8675)}{H6076}, even Ashdod{H795} and the coasts{H1366} thereof.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But the hande of the LORDE was heuy vpon them of Asdod, and destroyed them, and smote Asdod and all the borders therof in secrete places.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But the hand of the Lord was heauie vpon them of Ashdod, and destroyed them, and smote them with the emerods, both Ashdod, and the coastes thereof.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But the hand of the Lorde was heauie vpon them of Asdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with emerodes, both Asdod, and all the coastes thereof.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ But the hand of the LORD was heavy upon them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with emerods, [even] Ashdod and the coasts thereof.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But the hand of Yahweh was heavy on them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and struck them with tumors, even Ashdod and the borders of it.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the hand of Jehovah is heavy on the Ashdodites, and He maketh them desolate, and smiteth them with emerods, Ashdod and its borders.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But the hand of Jehovah was heavy upon them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with tumors, even Ashdod and the borders thereof.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But the hand of Jehovah was heavy upon them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and smote them with tumors, even Ashdod and the borders thereof.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But the hand of the Lord was hard on the people of Ashdod and he sent disease on them through all the country of Ashdod.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But the hand of Yahweh was heavy on them of Ashdod, and he destroyed them, and struck them with tumors, even Ashdod and its borders.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The LORD attacked the residents of Ashdod severely, bringing devastation on them. He struck the people of both Ashdod and the surrounding area with sores.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 5:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.5.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלְח֨וּ וַיַּאַסְפ֜וּ אֶת־כָּל־סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ שַׁלְּח֞וּ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לִמְקֹמ֔וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָמִ֥ית אֹתִ֖י וְאֶת־עַמִּ֑י כִּֽי־הָיְתָ֤ה מְהֽוּמַת־מָ֙וֶת֙ בְּכָל־הָעִ֔יר כָּבְדָ֥ה מְאֹ֛ד יַ֥ד הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And-*wayyišləḥû* and-*wayyaʾaspû* *ʾet*-all-*sarnê* *pəlištîm* and-*wayyōʾmrû* send-*šalləḥû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* and-let-it-return *wəyāšōb* to-*limqōmô* and-not-*yāmît* *ʾōtî* and-*ʾet*-*ʿammî* for-*hāytâ* *məhûmat*-*māwet* in-all-the-*hāʿîr* *kābdâ* *məʾōd* hand-of the-*hāʾĕlōhîm* there", "grammar": { "*wayyišləḥû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they sent", "*wayyaʾaspû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they gathered", "*sarnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyōʾmrû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they said", "*šalləḥû*": "verb, piel imperative, masculine plural - send", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wəyāšōb*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - and let it return", "*limqōmô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to its place", "*yāmît*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will kill", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st person singular suffix - me", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*hāytâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it was", "*məhûmat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - confusion/panic of", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine singular - death", "*hāʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city", "*kābdâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it was heavy", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God/gods", "*šām*": "adverb - there" }, "variants": { "*šalləḥû*": "send away/dismiss", "*wəyāšōb limqōmô*": "and let it return to its place", "*məhûmat-māwet*": "deadly confusion/panic of death", "*kābdâ məʾōd*": "was very heavy/severe" } }
• Ps 32:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.32.4", "source": "כִּ֤י ׀ יוֹמָ֣ם וָלַיְלָה֮ תִּכְבַּ֥ד עָלַ֗י יָ֫דֶ֥ךָ נֶהְפַּ֥ךְ לְשַׁדִּ֑י בְּחַרְבֹ֖נֵי קַ֣יִץ סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*kî* *yômām* *wālaylâ* *tiḵbad* *ʿālay* *yāḏeḵā* *nehpaḵ* *ləšaddî* *bəḥarbōnê* *qayiṣ* *selâ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/when", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day/daily", "*wālaylâ*": "conjunction *wə-* + masculine singular noun - and night", "*tiḵbad*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - was heavy", "*ʿālay*": "preposition *ʿal* with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*yāḏeḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*nehpaḵ*": "niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was turned/changed", "*ləšaddî*": "preposition *lə-* + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - into my moisture/vigor", "*bəḥarbōnê*": "preposition *bə-* + masculine plural construct noun - in droughts of", "*qayiṣ*": "masculine singular noun - summer", "*selâ*": "musical notation/pause" }, "variants": { "*tiḵbad*": "was heavy/pressed down/weighed upon", "*yāḏeḵā*": "your hand (as symbol of power/discipline)", "*nehpaḵ*": "was turned/was changed/was transformed", "*ləšaddî*": "my moisture/my vigor/my vitality/my freshness", "*ḥarbōnê*": "droughts of/dryness of", "*selâ*": "musical pause/interlude/lift up" } }
• Exod 9:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Exodus.9.3", "source": "הִנֵּ֨ה יַד־יְהוָ֜ה הוֹיָ֗ה בְּמִקְנְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה בַּסּוּסִ֤ים בַּֽחֲמֹרִים֙ בַּגְּמַלִּ֔ים בַּבָּקָ֖ר וּבַצֹּ֑אן דֶּ֖בֶר כָּבֵ֥ד מְאֹֽד", "text": "*Hinnēh* *yad*-*YHWH* *hōyāh* on your *bəmiqnəkā* that in the *baśśādeh*, on the *bassûsîm*, on the *baḥămōrîm*, on the *baggəmallîm*, on the *babbāqār* and on the *ṣōʾn*, *deber* *kābēd* *məʾōd*", "grammar": { "*Hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*yad*": "construct state, feminine singular - hand of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hōyāh*": "participle, feminine singular, Qal form - being/happening/occurring", "*bəmiqnəkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - on your livestock", "*baśśādeh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the field", "*bassûsîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - on the horses", "*baḥămōrîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - on the donkeys", "*baggəmallîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - on the camels", "*babbāqār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular collective - on the cattle", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular collective - sheep/flock", "*deber*": "noun, masculine singular - plague/pestilence", "*kābēd*": "adjective, masculine singular - heavy/severe", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*hōyāh*": "being/occurring/coming", "*deber*": "plague/pestilence/disease", "*kābēd*": "heavy/severe/grievous" } }
• Acts 13:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Acts.13.11", "source": "Καὶ νῦν, ἰδού, χεὶρ τοῦ Κυρίου ἐπὶ σέ, καὶ ἔσῃ τυφλός, μὴ βλέπων τὸν ἥλιον ἄχρι καιροῦ. Παραχρῆμα δὲ ἐπέπεσεν ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἀχλὺς καὶ σκότος· καὶ περιάγων ἐζήτει χειραγωγούς.", "text": "And now, *idou*, *cheir* of the *Kyriou* upon you, and *esē* *typhlos*, not *blepōn* the *hēlion* until *kairou*. *Parachrēma* *de* *epepesen* upon him *achlys* and *skotos*; and *periagōn* *ezētei* *cheiragōgous*.", "grammar": { "*idou*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd person singular - behold/look/see", "*cheir*": "nominative, feminine, singular - hand", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Lord", "*epi*": "preposition - upon", "*se*": "accusative, singular - you", "*esē*": "future middle indicative, 2nd person singular - you will be", "*typhlos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - blind", "*blepōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - seeing", "*hēlion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - sun", "*achri*": "preposition - until", "*kairou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of time/season", "*Parachrēma*": "adverb - immediately", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*epepesen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - fell upon", "*epi*": "preposition - upon", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*achlys*": "nominative, feminine, singular - mist/darkness", "*skotos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - darkness", "*periagōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - going around", "*ezētei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was seeking", "*cheiragōgous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - guides by hand" }, "variants": { "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*cheir*": "hand/power", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master", "*esē*": "you will be", "*typhlos*": "blind", "*blepōn*": "seeing/looking at", "*hēlion*": "sun", "*kairou*": "time/season/appointed time", "*Parachrēma*": "immediately/instantly", "*epepesen*": "fell upon/came upon", "*achlys*": "mist/darkness/dimness", "*skotos*": "darkness/gloom", "*periagōn*": "going around/groping about", "*ezētei*": "was seeking/searching for", "*cheiragōgous*": "guides by hand/people to lead by hand" } }
• Deut 28:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.27", "source": "יַכְּכָ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה בִּשְׁחִ֤ין מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ *ובעפלים **וּבַטְּחֹרִ֔ים וּבַגָּרָ֖ב וּבֶחָ֑רֶס אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תוּכַ֖ל לְהֵרָפֵֽא׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *bišḥîn* *miṣrayim* *ûbaʿăpālîm/ûbaṭṭəḥōrîm* *ûbaggārāb* *ûbeḥāres* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*tûkal* *ləhērāpēʾ*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bišḥîn*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - with boil of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ûbaʿăpālîm/ûbaṭṭəḥōrîm*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and with tumors/hemorrhoids", "*ûbaggārāb*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with scab/itch", "*ûbeḥāres*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with itch/dry scab", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lōʾ*-*tûkal*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will not be able", "*ləhērāpēʾ*": "preposition (lə-) + niphal infinitive construct - to be healed" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*šḥîn*": "boil/eruption/inflammation", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*ʿăpālîm/ṭəḥōrîm*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings (the text contains both forms - ʿăpālîm as Kethib and ṭəḥōrîm as Qere)", "*gārāb*": "scab/itch/skin disease", "*ḥāres*": "itch/dry scab/skin eruption", "*tûkal*": "be able/succeed/prevail", "*ləhērāpēʾ*": "to be healed/cured/restored" } }
• 1 Sam 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.5.7", "source": "וַיִּרְא֥וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־אַשְׁדּ֖וֹד כִּֽי־כֵ֑ן וְאָמְר֗וּ לֹֽא־יֵשֵׁ֞ב אֲר֨וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ עִמָּ֔נוּ כִּֽי־קָשְׁתָ֤ה יָדוֹ֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ וְעַ֖ל דָּג֥וֹן אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "And-*wayyirʾû* men-of-*ʾašdôd* that-*kên* and-*wəʾāmrû* not-*yēšēb* *ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* with-us for-*qāštâ* hand-his upon-us and-upon *dāgôn* *ʾĕlōhênû*", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʾašdôd*": "proper noun - Ashdod", "*kî-kên*": "conjunction + adverb - that thus/so", "*wəʾāmrû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they said", "*yēšēb*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will dwell/remain", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿimmānû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - with us", "*qāštâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she/it was hard/severe", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1st person common plural suffix - upon us", "*dāgôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Dagon", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person common plural suffix - our god" }, "variants": { "*kî-kên*": "that it was so/that this was happening", "*lōʾ-yēšēb*": "shall not remain/must not stay", "*qāštâ yādô*": "his hand is hard/severe/harsh against us" } }
• Ps 78:66 : 66 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.66", "source": "וַיַּךְ־צָרָ֥יו אָח֑וֹר חֶרְפַּ֥ת ע֝וֹלָ֗ם נָ֣תַן לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yak-ṣārāyw ʾāḥôr* *ḥerpaṯ ʿôlām nāṯan lāmô*", "grammar": { "*wə-yak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he struck", "*ṣārāyw*": "his adversaries - masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix", "*ʾāḥôr*": "backward/on their back - adverb", "*ḥerpaṯ*": "reproach of/disgrace of - construct form of feminine singular noun", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual - masculine singular noun", "*nāṯan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave/put", "*lāmô*": "to them - preposition with archaic 3rd masculine plural suffix" }, "variants": { "*wə-yak*": "struck/smote/defeated", "*ṣārāyw*": "his adversaries/his enemies/his foes", "*ʾāḥôr*": "backward/on their backs/retreating", "*ḥerpaṯ ʿôlām*": "perpetual reproach/everlasting disgrace/eternal shame", "*lāmô*": "to them/upon them/against them" } }
• 1 Sam 6:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.4", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ מָ֣ה הָאָשָׁם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָשִׁ֣יב לוֹ֒ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ מִסְפַּר֙ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֲמִשָּׁה֙ *עפלי **טְחֹרֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה עַכְבְּרֵ֣י זָהָ֑ב כִּֽי־מַגֵּפָ֥ה אַחַ֛ת לְכֻלָּ֖ם וּלְסַרְנֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *māh* *hā-ʾāšām* *ʾăšer* *nāšîb* *lô* *wa-yōʾmərû* *mispar* *sarnê* *pəlištîm* *ḥămiššāh* *ṭəḥōrê* *zāhāb* *wa-ḥămiššāh* *ʿakbərê* *zāhāb* *kî*-*maggēpāh* *ʾaḥat* *lə-kullām* *û-lə-sarnêkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*māh*": "interrogative - what", "*hā-ʾāšām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the guilt offering", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nāšîb*": "hiphil imperfect 1cp - we shall return", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*mispar*": "masculine singular construct - number of", "*sarnê*": "masculine plural construct - lords of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*ḥămiššāh*": "numeral - five", "*ṭəḥōrê*": "masculine plural construct - tumors of", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*wa-ḥămiššāh*": "conjunction + numeral - and five", "*ʿakbərê*": "masculine plural construct - mice of", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*maggēpāh*": "feminine singular noun - plague", "*ʾaḥat*": "numeral feminine singular - one", "*lə-kullām*": "preposition + noun + 3mp suffix - to all of them", "*û-lə-sarnêkem*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - and to your lords" }, "variants": { "*sarnê*": "lords/rulers/tyrants/axis", "*ṭəḥōrê*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings", "*ʿakbərê*": "mice/rats/rodents", "*maggēpāh*": "plague/epidemic/blow/defeat" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.5", "source": "וַעֲשִׂיתֶם֩ צַלְמֵ֨י *עפליכם **טְחֹרֵיכֶ֜ם וְצַלְמֵ֣י עַכְבְּרֵיכֶ֗ם הַמַּשְׁחִיתִם֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּנְתַתֶּ֛ם לֵאלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כָּב֑וֹד אוּלַ֗י יָקֵ֤ל אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֔ם וּמֵעַ֥ל אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם וּמֵעַ֥ל אַרְצְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-ʿăśîtem* *ṣalmê* *ṭəḥōrêkem* *wə-ṣalmê* *ʿakbərêkem* *ha-mašḥîtim* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *û-nətattem* *l-ēlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *kābôd* *ʾûlay* *yāqēl* *ʾet*-*yādô* *mē-ʿălêkem* *û-mēʿal* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *û-mēʿal* *ʾarṣəkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall make", "*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of", "*ṭəḥōrêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your tumors", "*wə-ṣalmê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and images of", "*ʿakbərêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your mice", "*ha-mašḥîtim*": "definite article + hiphil participle mp - the ones destroying", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*û-nətattem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall give", "*l-ēlōhê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to the God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kābôd*": "masculine singular noun - glory/honor", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps", "*yāqēl*": "hiphil imperfect 3ms - he will lighten", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun + 3ms suffix - his hand", "*mē-ʿălêkem*": "preposition + preposition + 2mp suffix - from upon you", "*û-mēʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and from upon", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your gods", "*û-mēʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and from upon", "*ʾarṣəkem*": "feminine singular noun + 2mp suffix - your land" }, "variants": { "*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/replicas/models", "*ṭəḥōrêkem*": "your tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings", "*mašḥîtim*": "destroying/ravaging/ruining", "*yāqēl*": "he will lighten/ease/lift/remove", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/tribute/homage" } }
• Job 31:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Job.31.3", "source": "הֲלֹא־אֵ֥יד לְעַוָּ֑ל וְ֝נֵ֗כֶר לְפֹ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃", "text": "*hălōʾ-ʾêd* to-*ʿawwāl* and-*nēker* to-*pōʿălê ʾāwen*", "grammar": { "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle with negative - is not", "*ʾêd*": "noun, masculine singular - calamity/disaster", "*ʿawwāl*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust one/unrighteous person", "*nēker*": "noun, masculine singular - disaster/alienation", "*pōʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - doers of/workers of", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - wickedness/iniquity" }, "variants": { "*ʾêd*": "calamity/destruction/disaster", "*ʿawwāl*": "unjust one/unrighteous/evildoer", "*nēker*": "disaster/alienation/estrangement", "*pōʿălê ʾāwen*": "workers of iniquity/those who do evil" } }
• 1 Sam 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.5.9", "source": "וַיְהִ֞י אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ הֵסַ֣בּוּ אֹת֗וֹ וַתְּהִ֨י יַד־יְהוָ֤ה ׀ בָּעִיר֙ מְהוּמָה֙ גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד וַיַּךְ֙ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֣י הָעִ֔יר מִקָּטֹ֖ן וְעַד־גָּד֑וֹל וַיִּשָּׂתְר֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם *עפלים **טְחֹרִֽים׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* after *hēsabbû* *ʾōtô* and-*wattəhî* hand-of-*YHWH* in-the-*bāʿîr* *məhûmâ* *gədôlâ* *məʾōd* and-*wayyak* *ʾet*-men-of the-*hāʿîr* from-*miqqāṭōn* and-until-*gādôl* and-*wayyiśśātrû* to-them *ʿŏpālîm* **ṭəḥōrîm*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was/happened", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*hēsabbû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they had brought around", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it", "*wattəhî*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it was", "*yad-YHWH*": "noun, feminine singular construct + proper noun - hand of YHWH", "*bāʿîr*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with definite article - in the city", "*məhûmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - confusion/panic/tumult", "*gədôlâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very", "*wayyak*": "verb, hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he struck", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*hāʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city", "*miqqāṭōn*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - from small", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*wayyiśśātrû*": "verb, niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they broke out", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for them", "*ʿŏpālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - tumors/hemorrhoids [Kethib]", "*ṭəḥōrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - tumors/hemorrhoids [Qere]" }, "variants": { "*məhûmâ gədôlâ məʾōd*": "very great confusion/panic/tumult", "*miqqāṭōn wəʿad-gādôl*": "from the small to the great/from young to old", "*wayyiśśātrû lāhem*": "they broke out with/erupted with", "*ʿŏpālîm*/*ṭəḥōrîm*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/plague swellings" } }