1{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.1",
"source": "וּבִשְׁנַ֣ת שְׁתַּ֗יִם לְמַלְכוּת֙ נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּ֔ר חָלַ֥ם נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר חֲלֹמ֑וֹת וַתִּתְפָּ֣עֶם רוּח֔וֹ וּשְׁנָת֖וֹ נִהְיְתָ֥ה עָלָֽיו׃",
"text": "And in *shənath* two to *malkhuth* *Nəvukhadnetzar*, *ḥalam* *Nəvukhadnetzar* *ḥalomoth*; *wattitpāʿem* *ruḥo* and *shənato* *nihyəthah* upon him.",
"grammar": {
"*shənath*": "construct state, feminine singular - 'year of'",
"*malkhuth*": "construct state, feminine singular - 'kingdom/reign of'",
"*Nəvukhadnetzar*": "proper noun, masculine - 'Nebuchadnezzar'",
"*ḥalam*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'dreamed'",
"*ḥalomoth*": "masculine plural noun - 'dreams'",
"*wattitpāʿem*": "hitpael imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - 'and was troubled/agitated'",
"*ruḥo*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his spirit'",
"*shənato*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his sleep'",
"*nihyəthah*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'happened/came/was'"
},
"variants": {
"*shənath*": "year of, second year",
"*malkhuth*": "kingdom, kingship, reign, royal power",
"*ḥalam*": "dreamed, had dreams",
"*ḥalomoth*": "dreams (plural form)",
"*wattitpāʿem*": "was troubled, was agitated, was disturbed",
"*ruḥo*": "his spirit, his mind, his breath",
"*shənato*": "his sleep, his rest",
"*nihyəthah*": "was, happened, came, occurred"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.2",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ לִקְרֹ֨א לַֽחַרְטֻמִּ֜ים וְלָֽאַשָּׁפִ֗ים וְלַֽמְכַשְּׁפִים֙ וְלַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים לְהַגִּ֥יד לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ חֲלֹמֹתָ֑יו וַיָּבֹ֕אוּ וַיַּֽעַמְד֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And *wayyomer* the *melekh* to call for the *ḥarṭummim* and for the *ʾashshaphim* and for the *məkhashshəphim* and for the *kaśdim* to *həhaggid* to the *melekh* his *ḥalomothāyw*; and *wayyavoʾu* and *wayyaʿamdu* before the *melekh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyomer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said/commanded'",
"*melekh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the king'",
"*ḥarṭummim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the magicians/engravers'",
"*ʾashshaphim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the enchanters/astrologers'",
"*məkhashshəphim*": "piel participle masculine plural with definite article - 'the sorcerers'",
"*kaśdim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the Chaldeans'",
"*həhaggid*": "hiphil infinitive construct - 'to declare/tell'",
"*ḥalomothāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his dreams'",
"*wayyavoʾu*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - 'and they came'",
"*wayyaʿamdu*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - 'and they stood'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyomer*": "and he said, and he commanded, and he ordered",
"*melekh*": "king, ruler, sovereign",
"*ḥarṭummim*": "magicians, engravers, diviner-scribes, sacred scribes",
"*ʾashshaphim*": "conjurers, enchanters, astrologers, exorcists",
"*məkhashshəphim*": "sorcerers, witches, practitioners of magic",
"*kaśdim*": "Chaldeans, astrologers, group of wise men",
"*həhaggid*": "to tell, to declare, to announce, to explain",
"*ḥalomothāyw*": "his dreams",
"*wayyavoʾu*": "and they came, and they arrived, and they entered",
"*wayyaʿamdu*": "and they stood, and they presented themselves"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.3",
"source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר לָהֶ֛ם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ חֲל֣וֹם חָלָ֑מְתִּי וַתִּפָּ֣עֶם רוּחִ֔י לָדַ֖עַת אֶֽת־הַחֲלֽוֹם׃",
"text": "And *wayyomer* to them the *melekh*: *ḥalom* *ḥalamti* and *wattippaʿem* *ruḥi* to *ladaʿath* *ʾeth*-the *ḥalom*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyomer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'",
"*melekh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the king'",
"*ḥalom*": "masculine singular noun - 'dream'",
"*ḥalamti*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - 'I dreamed'",
"*wattippaʿem*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - 'and was troubled/agitated'",
"*ruḥi*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my spirit'",
"*ladaʿath*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - 'to know'",
"*ʾeth*": "direct object marker",
"*ḥalom*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the dream'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyomer*": "and he said, and he told, and he spoke",
"*melekh*": "king, ruler, sovereign",
"*ḥalom*": "dream, vision during sleep",
"*ḥalamti*": "I dreamed, I have dreamed",
"*wattippaʿem*": "was troubled, was agitated, was disturbed, was anxious",
"*ruḥi*": "my spirit, my mind, my breath",
"*ladaʿath*": "to know, to understand, to perceive",
"*ḥalom*": "the dream, the vision"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.4",
"source": "וַֽיְדַבְּר֧וּ הַכַּשְׂדִּ֛ים לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֲרָמִ֑ית מַלְכָּא֙ לְעָלְמִ֣ין חֱיִ֔י אֱמַ֥ר חֶלְמָ֛א *לעבדיך **לְעַבְדָ֖ךְ וּפִשְׁרָ֥א נְחַוֵּֽא׃",
"text": "And *wayədabbəru* the *kaśdim* to the *melekh* *ʾaramith*: *malkaʾ* to *ləʿaləmin* *ḥeyi*, *ʾemar* *ḥelmaʾ* to *ləʿavdakh* and *pishra* *nəḥawweʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayədabbəru*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - 'and they spoke'",
"*kaśdim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'the Chaldeans'",
"*melekh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the king'",
"*ʾaramith*": "adverb - 'in Aramaic'",
"*malkaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'O king'",
"*ləʿaləmin*": "Aramaic preposition with masculine plural noun - 'forever'",
"*ḥeyi*": "Aramaic imperative, 2nd masculine singular - 'live'",
"*ʾemar*": "Aramaic imperative, 2nd masculine singular - 'tell'",
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the dream'",
"*ləʿavdakh*": "Aramaic preposition with noun and 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'to your servant'",
"*pishra*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the interpretation'",
"*nəḥawweʾ*": "Aramaic pael imperfect, 1st person plural - 'we will show/tell'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayədabbəru*": "and they spoke, and they talked, and they addressed",
"*kaśdim*": "Chaldeans, astrologers, Babylonian wise men",
"*ʾaramith*": "in Aramaic, in the Syrian language",
"*malkaʾ*": "O king, the king",
"*ləʿaləmin*": "forever, eternally, for all time",
"*ḥeyi*": "live, may you live",
"*ʾemar*": "tell, speak, declare",
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "the dream, the vision",
"*ləʿavdakh*": "to your servant, for your servant",
"*pishra*": "the interpretation, the explanation, the meaning",
"*nəḥawweʾ*": "we will show, we will tell, we will declare, we will explain"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.5",
"source": "עָנֵ֤ה מַלְכָּא֙ וְאָמַ֣ר *לכשדיא **לְכַשְׂדָּאֵ֔י מִלְּתָ֖א מִנִּ֣י אַזְדָּ֑א הֵ֣ן לָ֤א תְהֽוֹדְעוּנַּ֙נִי֙ חֶלְמָ֣א וּפִשְׁרֵ֔הּ הַדָּמִין֙ תִּתְעַבְד֔וּן וּבָתֵּיכ֖וֹן נְוָלִ֥י יִתְּשָׂמֽוּן׃",
"text": "*ʿaneh* *malkaʾ* and *waʾamar* to *ləkaśdaʾei*: *milləthaʾ* from me *ʾazdaʾ*; if *laʾ* *təhodʿunanni* *ḥelmaʾ* and *pishreḥ*, *haddamin* *tithʿavdun* and *vatteikhon* *nəwali* *yittəśamun*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿaneh*": "Aramaic peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'answered'",
"*malkaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the king'",
"*waʾamar*": "Aramaic conjunction with peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and said'",
"*ləkaśdaʾei*": "Aramaic preposition with noun in emphatic state - 'to the Chaldeans'",
"*milləthaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the word/decree'",
"*ʾazdaʾ*": "Aramaic adjective - 'sure/firm/certain'",
"*laʾ*": "Aramaic negative particle - 'not'",
"*təhodʿunanni*": "Aramaic haphel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - 'you make known to me'",
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the dream'",
"*pishreḥ*": "Aramaic noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its interpretation'",
"*haddamin*": "Aramaic noun - 'limbs/pieces'",
"*tithʿavdun*": "Aramaic hithpeel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you will be made'",
"*vatteikhon*": "Aramaic noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your houses'",
"*nəwali*": "Aramaic noun - 'refuse heap/dunghill'",
"*yittəśamun*": "Aramaic hithpeel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be made'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿaneh*": "answered, responded, replied",
"*waʾamar*": "and said, and spoke, and declared",
"*milləthaʾ*": "the word, the decree, the matter, the command",
"*ʾazdaʾ*": "sure, firm, certain, gone forth, decided",
"*təhodʿunanni*": "you make known to me, you inform me, you tell me",
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "the dream, the vision",
"*pishreḥ*": "its interpretation, its meaning, its explanation",
"*haddamin*": "limbs, pieces, cut in pieces",
"*tithʿavdun*": "you will be made, you will be turned into",
"*vatteikhon*": "your houses, your dwellings, your homes",
"*nəwali*": "refuse heap, dunghill, rubbish pile",
"*yittəśamun*": "they will be made, they will be turned into"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.6",
"source": "וְהֵ֨ן חֶלְמָ֤א וּפִשְׁרֵהּ֙ תְּֽהַחֲוֺ֔ן מַתְּנָ֤ן וּנְבִזְבָּה֙ וִיקָ֣ר שַׂגִּ֔יא תְּקַבְּל֖וּן מִן־קֳדָמָ֑י לָהֵ֕ן חֶלְמָ֥א וּפִשְׁרֵ֖הּ הַחֲוֺֽנִי׃",
"text": "And if *ḥelmaʾ* and *pishreḥ* *təhaḥawon*, *mattənan* and *nəvizbaḥ* and *wiqar* *śaggiʾ* *təqabbəlun* from before me; therefore *ḥelmaʾ* and *pishreḥ* *haḥawoni*.",
"grammar": {
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the dream'",
"*pishreḥ*": "Aramaic noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its interpretation'",
"*təhaḥawon*": "Aramaic haphel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you show/declare'",
"*mattənan*": "Aramaic noun, plural - 'gifts'",
"*nəvizbaḥ*": "Aramaic noun - 'reward/gift'",
"*wiqar*": "Aramaic conjunction with noun - 'and honor'",
"*śaggiʾ*": "Aramaic adjective - 'much/great'",
"*təqabbəlun*": "Aramaic pael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you will receive'",
"*haḥawoni*": "Aramaic haphel imperative, 2nd masculine plural with 1st singular suffix - 'show me'"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "the dream, the vision",
"*pishreḥ*": "its interpretation, its meaning, its explanation",
"*təhaḥawon*": "you show, you tell, you declare, you make known",
"*mattənan*": "gifts, presents, offerings",
"*nəvizbaḥ*": "reward, gift, honorarium",
"*wiqar*": "and honor, and glory, and dignity",
"*śaggiʾ*": "much, great, abundant, extensive",
"*təqabbəlun*": "you will receive, you will accept, you will get",
"*haḥawoni*": "show me, tell me, declare to me"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.7",
"source": "עֲנ֥וֹ תִנְיָנ֖וּת וְאָמְרִ֑ין מַלְכָּ֕א חֶלְמָ֛א יֵאמַ֥ר לְעַבְד֖וֹהִי וּפִשְׁרָ֥ה נְהַחֲוֵֽה׃",
"text": "*ʿano* *thinyanuṯ* and *waʾamrin*: *malkaʾ* *ḥelmaʾ* *yeʾmar* to *ləʿavdohi* and *pishrah* *nəhaḥaweh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿano*": "Aramaic peal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - 'they answered'",
"*thinyanuṯ*": "Aramaic adverb - 'second time/again'",
"*waʾamrin*": "Aramaic conjunction with peal participle, masculine plural - 'and saying'",
"*malkaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the king'",
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the dream'",
"*yeʾmar*": "Aramaic peal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'let him tell'",
"*ləʿavdohi*": "Aramaic preposition with noun and 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to his servants'",
"*pishrah*": "Aramaic noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its interpretation'",
"*nəhaḥaweh*": "Aramaic haphel imperfect, 1st person plural - 'we will show'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿano*": "they answered, they responded, they replied",
"*thinyanuṯ*": "second time, again, once more",
"*waʾamrin*": "and saying, and speaking, and telling",
"*malkaʾ*": "the king, O king",
"*ḥelmaʾ*": "the dream, the vision",
"*yeʾmar*": "let him tell, may he tell, should tell",
"*ləʿavdohi*": "to his servants, for his servants",
"*pishrah*": "its interpretation, its meaning, its explanation",
"*nəhaḥaweh*": "we will show, we will tell, we will declare, we will explain"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "Daniel.2.8",
"source": "עָנֵ֤ה מַלְכָּא֙ וְאָמַ֔ר מִן־יַצִּיב֙ יָדַ֣ע אֲנָ֔ה דִּ֥י עִדָּנָ֖א אַנְתּ֣וּן זָבְנִ֑ין כָּל־קֳבֵל֙ דִּ֣י חֲזֵית֔וֹן דִּ֥י אַזְדָּ֖א מִנִּ֥י מִלְּתָֽא׃",
"text": "*ʿaneh* *malkaʾ* and *waʾamar*, from *yatziv* *yadaʿ* *ʾanah* that *ʿiddanaʾ* you *zavnin*, all because that *ḥazeithon* that *ʾazdaʾ* from me *milləthaʾ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿaneh*": "Aramaic peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'answered'",
"*malkaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the king'",
"*waʾamar*": "Aramaic conjunction with peal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and said'",
"*yatziv*": "Aramaic adjective - 'certain/sure'",
"*yadaʿ*": "Aramaic peal participle, masculine singular - 'knowing'",
"*ʾanah*": "Aramaic pronoun, 1st person singular - 'I'",
"*ʿiddanaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the time'",
"*zavnin*": "Aramaic peal participle, masculine plural - 'buying/gaining'",
"*ḥazeithon*": "Aramaic peal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you have seen'",
"*ʾazdaʾ*": "Aramaic adjective - 'sure/firm/certain'",
"*milləthaʾ*": "Aramaic noun, emphatic state - 'the word/decree'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿaneh*": "answered, responded, replied",
"*waʾamar*": "and said, and spoke, and declared",
"*yatziv*": "certain, sure, true, verily",
"*yadaʿ*": "knowing, perceiving, understanding",
"*ʾanah*": "I, myself",
"*ʿiddanaʾ*": "the time, the period, the moment",
"*zavnin*": "buying, gaining, trying to gain, procuring",
"*ḥazeithon*": "you have seen, you perceive, you recognize",
"*ʾazdaʾ*": "sure, firm, certain, gone forth, decided",
"*milləthaʾ*": "the word, the decree, the matter, the command"
}
}