10 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.17.10",
"source": "וְאִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ מִבֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּמִן־הַגֵּר֙ הַגָּ֣ר בְּתוֹכָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֹאכַ֖ל כָּל־דָּ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֣י פָנַ֗י בַּנֶּ֙פֶשׁ֙ הָאֹכֶ֣לֶת אֶת־הַדָּ֔ם וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹתָ֖הּ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *ʾîš* *ʾîš* from *bêt Yiśrāʾēl* and from the *gēr* who *gār* among them who *yōʾkal* any *dām*, and *wenātattî* my *pānay* against the *nepeš* who *ʾōkelet* *et-haddām* and *wehikrattî* her from *qereb* her people",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular repeated - any man [distributive]",
"*bêt Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - house of Israel",
"*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sojourner/foreigner",
"*gār*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one sojourning",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he eats",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood",
"*wenātattî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will set",
"*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my face",
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the soul/person",
"*ʾōkelet*": "Qal participle, feminine singular with definite article - the one eating",
"*et-haddām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with definite article - the blood",
"*wehikrattî*": "Hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will cut off",
"*qereb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst/among"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "any man/any person/anyone/whoever [emphatic distributive]",
"*bêt Yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/Israelite community",
"*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien",
"*gār*": "sojourning/residing/dwelling as an alien",
"*yōʾkal*": "eats/consumes",
"*dām*": "blood",
"*wenātattî*": "and I will set/place/direct",
"*pānay*": "my face/my presence [idiom for attention or opposition]",
"*nepeš*": "soul/person/life",
"*ʾōkelet*": "eating/consuming",
"*wehikrattî*": "and I will cut off/destroy/remove",
"*qereb*": "midst/among/from within"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.17.11",
"source": "כִּ֣י נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַבָּשָׂר֮ בַּדָּ֣ם הִוא֒ וַאֲנִ֞י נְתַתִּ֤יו לָכֶם֙ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ לְכַפֵּ֖ר עַל־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־הַדָּ֥ם ה֖וּא בַּנֶּ֥פֶשׁ יְכַפֵּֽר׃",
"text": "For *nepeš* the *bāśār* in the *dām* it is, and I *nĕtattîw* to you upon the *mizzbēaḥ* to *kappēr* upon your *napšōtêkem*; for the *dām* it is in the *nepeš* *yěkappēr*",
"grammar": {
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular construct - life/soul of",
"*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the flesh",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the blood",
"*nĕtattîw*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I have given it",
"*mizzbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar",
"*kappēr*": "Piel infinitive construct - to atone/make expiation",
"*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your souls/lives",
"*yěkappēr*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it makes atonement"
},
"variants": {
"*nepeš*": "life/soul/person",
"*bāśār*": "flesh/body/meat",
"*dām*": "blood",
"*nĕtattîw*": "I have given it/I have assigned it",
"*mizzbēaḥ*": "altar/sacrificial platform",
"*kappēr*": "to atone/make expiation/cover over",
"*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/your lives/yourselves",
"*yěkappēr*": "makes atonement/makes expiation/covers over"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.17.12",
"source": "עַל־כֵּ֤ן אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כָּל־נֶ֥פֶשׁ מִכֶּ֖ם לֹא־תֹ֣אכַל דָּ֑ם וְהַגֵּ֛ר הַגָּ֥ר בְּתוֹכְכֶ֖ם לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל דָּֽם׃",
"text": "Therefore *ʾāmartî* to *benê Yiśrāʾēl*: Any *nepeš* from you not *tōʾkal* *dām*, and the *gēr* who *gār* among you not *yōʾkal* *dām*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have said",
"*benê Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - sons of Israel",
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/person",
"*tōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she shall eat",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood",
"*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sojourner",
"*gār*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one sojourning",
"*yōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall eat"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "I have said/I have told",
"*benê Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites",
"*nepeš*": "soul/person/anyone",
"*tōʾkal*": "shall eat/consume",
"*dām*": "blood",
"*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien",
"*gār*": "sojourning/residing/dwelling as an alien",
"*yōʾkal*": "shall eat/consume"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.17.13",
"source": "וְאִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּמִן־הַגֵּר֙ הַגָּ֣ר בְּתוֹכָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצ֜וּד צֵ֥יד חַיָּ֛ה אוֹ־ע֖וֹף אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֑ל וְשָׁפַךְ֙ אֶת־דָּמ֔וֹ וְכִסָּ֖הוּ בֶּעָפָֽר׃",
"text": "And *ʾîš* *ʾîš* from *benê Yiśrāʾēl* and from the *gēr* who *gār* among them who *yāṣûd* *ṣêd* of *ḥayyāh* or *ʿôp* which *yēʾākēl*, and *wešāpak* *et-dāmô* and *wekissāhû* with *ʿāpār*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular repeated - any man [distributive]",
"*benê Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - sons of Israel",
"*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sojourner",
"*gār*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one sojourning",
"*yāṣûd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he hunts",
"*ṣêd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - game/prey of",
"*ḥayyāh*": "noun, feminine singular - living thing/beast",
"*ʿôp*": "noun, masculine singular - bird/fowl",
"*yēʾākēl*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it may be eaten",
"*wešāpak*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he shall pour out",
"*et-dāmô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its blood",
"*wekissāhû*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive and 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he shall cover it",
"*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/soil"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš* *ʾîš*": "any man/any person/anyone/whoever [emphatic distributive]",
"*benê Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites",
"*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien",
"*gār*": "sojourning/residing/dwelling as an alien",
"*yāṣûd*": "hunts/catches/traps",
"*ṣêd*": "game/prey/catch",
"*ḥayyāh*": "wild animal/beast/living creature",
"*ʿôp*": "bird/fowl",
"*yēʾākēl*": "may be eaten/is permitted for food",
"*wešāpak*": "and he shall pour out/drain",
"*dāmô*": "its blood",
"*wekissāhû*": "and he shall cover it",
"*ʿāpār*": "dust/soil/earth"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.17.14",
"source": "כִּֽי־נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־בָּשָׂ֗ר דָּמ֣וֹ בְנַפְשׁוֹ֮ הוּא֒ וָֽאֹמַר֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל דַּ֥ם כָּל־בָּשָׂ֖ר לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֑לוּ כִּ֣י נֶ֤פֶשׁ כָּל־בָּשָׂר֙ דָּמ֣וֹ הִ֔וא כָּל־אֹכְלָ֖יו יִכָּרֵֽת׃",
"text": "For *nepeš* all *bāśār*, *dāmô* is *benapšô* it is, and *wāʾōmar* to *benê Yiśrāʾēl*: *dam* all *bāśār* not *tōʾkēlû*; for *nepeš* all *bāśār* *dāmô* it is, all who *ʾōkelāyw* *yikkārēt*",
"grammar": {
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular construct - life/soul of",
"*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh",
"*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its blood",
"*benapšô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its life",
"*wāʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I said",
"*benê Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - sons of Israel",
"*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of",
"*tōʾkēlû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall eat",
"*ʾōkelāyw*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - those eating it",
"*yikkārēt*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be cut off"
},
"variants": {
"*nepeš*": "life/soul/vitality",
"*bāśār*": "flesh/body/living being",
"*dāmô*": "its blood",
"*benapšô*": "in its life/with its life/is its life",
"*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/and I commanded",
"*benê Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites",
"*dam*": "blood of",
"*tōʾkēlû*": "you shall eat/consume",
"*ʾōkelāyw*": "those eating it/those who consume it",
"*yikkārēt*": "shall be cut off/removed/excluded"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.17.15",
"source": "וְכָל־נֶ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאכַ֤ל נְבֵלָה֙ וּטְרֵפָ֔ה בָּאֶזְרָ֖ח וּבַגֵּ֑ר וְכִבֶּ֨ס בְּגָדָ֜יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֛יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעֶ֖רֶב וְטָהֵֽר׃",
"text": "And any *nepeš* who *tōʾkal* *nĕbēlāh* or *ṭĕrēpāh*, among the *ʾezrāḥ* and among the *gēr*, and *wekibbes* his *bĕgādāyw* and *werāḥaṣ* in the *mayyim* and shall be *wĕṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿereb* and then *wĕṭāhēr*",
"grammar": {
"*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular - person/soul",
"*tōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she eats",
"*nĕbēlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - carcass/that which died naturally",
"*ṭĕrēpāh*": "noun, feminine singular - torn animal/prey",
"*ʾezrāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the native",
"*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sojourner",
"*wekibbes*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he shall wash",
"*bĕgādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his clothes",
"*werāḥaṣ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he shall bathe",
"*mayyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water",
"*wĕṭāmēʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he shall be unclean",
"*ʿereb*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the evening",
"*wĕṭāhēr*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he shall be clean"
},
"variants": {
"*nepeš*": "person/soul/anyone",
"*tōʾkal*": "eats/consumes",
"*nĕbēlāh*": "carcass/animal that died naturally/carrion",
"*ṭĕrēpāh*": "torn animal/animal killed by beasts/prey",
"*ʾezrāḥ*": "native-born/native Israelite",
"*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien",
"*wekibbes*": "and he shall wash/launder",
"*bĕgādāyw*": "his clothes/garments",
"*werāḥaṣ*": "and he shall bathe/wash himself",
"*mayyim*": "water",
"*wĕṭāmēʾ*": "and he shall be unclean/impure",
"*ʿereb*": "evening/sundown",
"*wĕṭāhēr*": "and he shall be clean/pure"
}
}