8 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.8",
"source": "וְאִם־יַרְחִ֞יב יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־גְּבֻ֣לְךָ֔ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֖ע לַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְנָ֤תַן לְךָ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֖ר לָתֵ֥ת לַאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ",
"text": "And-if-*yarḥib* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *ʾet*-*gĕbulĕkhā* as-which *nishbaʿ* to-*ʾăbōtekhā* and-*nātan* to-you *ʾet*-all-the-*ʾārets* which *dibber* to-give to-*ʾăbōtekhā*",
"grammar": {
"*yarḥib*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he enlarges'",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*gĕbulĕkhā*": "common noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your territory'",
"*nishbaʿ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he swore'",
"*ʾăbōtekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'",
"*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he gives'",
"*ʾārets*": "common noun feminine singular - 'land'",
"*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he spoke'"
},
"variants": {
"*yarḥib*": "enlarges/expands/extends",
"*gĕbulĕkhā*": "your territory/your border/your boundary",
"*nishbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath/promised",
"*ʾăbōtekhā*": "your fathers/your ancestors/your forefathers",
"*nātan*": "gives/grants/bestows",
"*ʾārets*": "land/territory/earth",
"*dibber*": "spoke/said/promised"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.9",
"source": "כִּֽי־תִשְׁמֹר֩ אֶת־כָּל־הַמִּצְוָ֨ה הַזֹּ֜את לַעֲשֹׂתָ֗הּ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֣י מְצַוְּךָ֮ הַיּוֹם֒ לְאַהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ וְלָלֶ֥כֶת בִּדְרָכָ֖יו כָּל־הַיָּמִ֑ים וְיָסַפְתָּ֨ לְךָ֥ עוֹד֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ עָרִ֔ים עַ֖ל הַשָּׁלֹ֥שׁ הָאֵֽלֶּה",
"text": "If-*tishmōr* *ʾet*-all-the-*mitswāh* the-this to-*laʿăsōtāh* which *ʾānōkhi* *mĕtsawwĕkhā* the-*yōm* to-*lĕʾahăbāh* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* and-to-*lālekhet* in-*dĕrākhāyw* all-the-*yāmim* and-*yāsaftā* for-you more three *ʿārim* upon the-three the-these",
"grammar": {
"*tishmōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you keep'",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*mitswāh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'commandment'",
"*laʿăsōtāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to do it'",
"*ʾānōkhi*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - 'I'",
"*mĕtsawwĕkhā*": "Piel participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'commanding you'",
"*yōm*": "common noun masculine singular - 'day'",
"*lĕʾahăbāh*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to love'",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'",
"*lālekhet*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to walk'",
"*dĕrākhāyw*": "common noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his ways'",
"*yāmim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'days'",
"*yāsaftā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall add'",
"*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'"
},
"variants": {
"*tishmōr*": "keep/observe/guard",
"*mitswāh*": "commandment/precept/law",
"*laʿăsōtāh*": "to do it/to perform it/to carry it out",
"*ʾānōkhi*": "I/myself",
"*mĕtsawwĕkhā*": "commanding you/ordering you/instructing you",
"*yōm*": "day/time",
"*lĕʾahăbāh*": "to love/to cherish/to be devoted to",
"*lālekhet*": "to walk/to go/to live",
"*dĕrākhāyw*": "his ways/his paths/his conduct",
"*yāmim*": "days/time/period",
"*yāsaftā*": "you shall add/you shall increase/you shall supplement"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.10",
"source": "וְלֹ֤א יִשָּׁפֵךְ֙ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֔י בְּקֶ֣רֶב אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ נַחֲלָ֑ה וְהָיָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יךָ דָּמִֽים",
"text": "And-not *yishāphekh* *dām* *nāqiy* in-*qereb* *ʾartsĕkhā* which *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *nōten* to-you *naḥălāh* and-*hāyāh* upon-you *dāmim*",
"grammar": {
"*yishāphekh*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'is poured out/shed'",
"*dām*": "common noun masculine singular - 'blood'",
"*nāqiy*": "adjective masculine singular - 'innocent'",
"*qereb*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'midst of'",
"*ʾartsĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your land'",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'",
"*nōten*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'",
"*naḥălāh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'inheritance'",
"*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'it shall be'",
"*dāmim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'bloodguilt'"
},
"variants": {
"*yishāphekh*": "is poured out/is shed/is spilled",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed",
"*nāqiy*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt",
"*qereb*": "midst/within/among",
"*nōten*": "gives/is giving/grants",
"*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/possession/property",
"*hāyāh*": "will be/shall be/becomes",
"*dāmim*": "bloodguilt/blood guilt/liability for bloodshed"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.11",
"source": "וְכִֽי־יִהְיֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ שֹׂנֵ֣א לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וְאָ֤רַב לוֹ֙ וְקָ֣ם עָלָ֔יו וְהִכָּ֥הוּ נֶ֖פֶשׁ וָמֵ֑ת וְנָ֕ס אֶל־אַחַ֖ת הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽל",
"text": "And-if-*yihyeh* *ʾish* *sōnēʾ* to-*rēʿēhū* and-*ʾārab* to-him and-*qām* upon-him and-*hikkāhū* *nefesh* and-*mēt* and-*nās* to-one the-*ʿārim* the-these",
"grammar": {
"*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'there is/will be'",
"*ʾish*": "common noun masculine singular - 'man'",
"*sōnēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'hating'",
"*rēʿēhū*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his neighbor'",
"*ʾārab*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he lies in wait'",
"*qām*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he rises up'",
"*hikkāhū*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'strikes him'",
"*nefesh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'life/person'",
"*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he dies'",
"*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he flees'",
"*ʿārim*": "common noun feminine plural - 'cities'"
},
"variants": {
"*yihyeh*": "there is/there will be/there happens to be",
"*ʾish*": "man/person/someone",
"*sōnēʾ*": "hating/being hostile to/being an enemy of",
"*rēʿēhū*": "his neighbor/his friend/his fellow",
"*ʾārab*": "lies in wait/ambushes/sets an ambush",
"*qām*": "rises up/stands up/attacks",
"*hikkāhū*": "strikes him/attacks him/kills him",
"*nefesh*": "life/person/fatally",
"*mēt*": "dies/is killed",
"*nās*": "flees/escapes/runs away"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.12",
"source": "וְשָֽׁלְחוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י עִיר֔וֹ וְלָקְח֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ מִשָּׁ֑ם וְנָתְנ֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ בְּיַ֛ד גֹּאֵ֥ל הַדָּ֖ם וָמֵֽת",
"text": "And-*shālĕḥū* *ziqnēy* *ʿirō* and-*lāqĕḥū* *ʾōtō* from-there and-*nātĕnū* *ʾōtō* in-*yad* *gōʾēl* the-*dām* and-*mēt*",
"grammar": {
"*shālĕḥū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall send'",
"*ziqnēy*": "common noun masculine plural construct - 'elders of'",
"*ʿirō*": "common noun feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his city'",
"*lāqĕḥū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall take'",
"*ʾōtō*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'him'",
"*nātĕnū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall give'",
"*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - 'hand of'",
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - 'redeemer of'",
"*dām*": "common noun masculine singular - 'blood'",
"*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he shall die'"
},
"variants": {
"*shālĕḥū*": "they shall send/they shall dispatch",
"*ziqnēy*": "elders of/older men of/leaders of",
"*ʿirō*": "his city/his town",
"*lāqĕḥū*": "they shall take/they shall seize/they shall fetch",
"*nātĕnū*": "they shall give/they shall deliver/they shall hand over",
"*yad*": "hand of/power of/authority of",
"*gōʾēl*": "redeemer of/avenger of/kinsman of",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt",
"*mēt*": "he shall die/he shall be put to death"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.13",
"source": "לֹא־תָח֥וֹס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עָלָ֑יו וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֧ דַֽם־הַנָּקִ֛י מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְט֥וֹב לָֽךְ",
"text": "Not-*tāḥōs* *ʿēynĕkhā* upon-him and-*biʿartā* *dam*-the-*nāqiy* from-*Yisrāʾēl* and-*ṭōb* to-you",
"grammar": {
"*tāḥōs*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall pity'",
"*ʿēynĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your eye'",
"*biʿartā*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall purge'",
"*dam*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'blood of'",
"*nāqiy*": "adjective masculine singular - 'innocent'",
"*Yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'",
"*ṭōb*": "adjective masculine singular - 'good'"
},
"variants": {
"*tāḥōs*": "you shall pity/you shall spare/you shall show mercy",
"*ʿēynĕkhā*": "your eye (idiom for showing pity/compassion)",
"*biʿartā*": "you shall purge/you shall remove/you shall eliminate",
"*dam*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt",
"*nāqiy*": "innocent/blameless/free from guilt",
"*ṭōb*": "good/well/better"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.14",
"source": "לֹ֤א תַסִּיג֙ גְּב֣וּל רֽ͏ֵעֲךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר גָּבְל֖וּ רִאשֹׁנִ֑ים בְּנַחֲלָֽתְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּנְחַ֔ל בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ",
"text": "Not-*tassig* *gĕbūl* *rēʿăkhā* which *gāblū* *riʾshōnim* in-*naḥălātĕkhā* which *tinḥal* in-the-*ʾārets* which *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhekhā* *nōten* to-you *lĕrishtāh*",
"grammar": {
"*tassig*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall move back'",
"*gĕbūl*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'boundary of'",
"*rēʿăkhā*": "common noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your neighbor'",
"*gāblū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they established'",
"*riʾshōnim*": "adjective masculine plural - 'former ones/ancestors'",
"*naḥălātĕkhā*": "common noun feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your inheritance'",
"*tinḥal*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you will inherit'",
"*ʾārets*": "common noun feminine singular - 'land'",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhekhā*": "common noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'",
"*nōten*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'",
"*lĕrishtāh*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to possess it'"
},
"variants": {
"*tassig*": "you shall move back/you shall remove/you shall take away",
"*gĕbūl*": "boundary/border/landmark",
"*rēʿăkhā*": "your neighbor/your fellow/your friend",
"*gāblū*": "they established/they set/they marked",
"*riʾshōnim*": "former ones/ancestors/predecessors",
"*naḥălātĕkhā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your property",
"*tinḥal*": "you will inherit/you will possess/you will receive",
"*ʾārets*": "land/country/territory",
"*nōten*": "gives/is giving/grants",
"*lĕrishtāh*": "to possess it/to inherit it/to take possession of it"
}
}