Deuteronomy 13:12

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.13.12", "source": "וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׁמְע֖וּ וְיִֽרָא֑וּן וְלֹֽא־יוֹסִ֣פוּ לַעֲשׂ֗וֹת כַּדָּבָ֥ר הָרָ֛ע הַזֶּ֖ה בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "And-all-*yiśrāʾēl* *yišmĕʿû* and-*wĕyirāʾûn* and-not-*yôsîpû* *laʿăśôt* like-the-*dābār* the-*hārāʿ* the-*hazzeh* in-*qirbekā*.", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yišmĕʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall hear", "*wĕyirāʾûn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall fear", "*yôsîpû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall add/continue", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter", "*hārāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*qirbekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your midst" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey", "*yārēʾ*": "fear/be afraid/revere", "*yāsap*": "add/continue/do again", "*ʿāśāh*": "do/make/perform", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*qereb*": "midst/among/within" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׁמְע֖וּ וְיִֽרָא֑וּן וְלֹֽא־יוֹסִ֣פוּ לַעֲשׂ֗וֹת כַּדָּבָ֥ר הָרָ֛ע הַזֶּ֖ה בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ׃

Transliteration

And-all-yiśrāʾēl yišmĕʿû and-wĕyirāʾûn and-not-yôsîpû laʿăśôt like-the-dābār the-hārāʿ the-hazzeh in-qirbekā.

Grammar Details

• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *yišmĕʿû*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall hear
• *wĕyirāʾûn*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall fear
• *yôsîpû*: hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall add/continue
• *laʿăśôt*: preposition lamed + qal infinitive construct - to do
• *dābār*: noun, masculine singular - word/thing/matter
• *hārāʿ*: adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil
• *hazzeh*: demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this
• *qirbekā*: noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your midst

Word Meanings

• *šāmaʿ*: hear/listen/obey
• *yārēʾ*: fear/be afraid/revere
• *yāsap*: add/continue/do again
• *ʿāśāh*: do/make/perform
• *dābār*: word/thing/matter
• *raʿ*: evil/bad/wicked
• *qereb*: midst/among/within

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  All Israel will hear and be afraid, and they will no longer do such wickedness among you.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  If thou shalt hear say in one of thy cities, which the LORD thy God hath given thee to dwell there, saying,

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  If you shall hear in one of your cities, which the LORD your God has given you to dwell there, saying,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  If thou shalt hear say in one of thy cities, which the LORD thy God hath given thee to dwell there, saying,

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  If you shall hear{H8085} tell concerning one{H259} of your cities,{H5892} which Jehovah{H3068} your God{H430} gives{H5414} you to live{H3427} there, saying,{H559}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  If thou shalt hear{H8085}{(H8799)} say in one{H259} of thy cities{H5892}, which the LORD{H3068} thy God{H430} hath given{H5414}{(H8802)} thee to dwell{H3427}{(H8800)} there, saying{H559}{(H8800)},

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Yf thou shalt heare saye of one of thy cities which the Lorde thy God hath geuen the to dwell in,

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Yf thou hearest in eny cite which ye LORDE thy God hath geue the to dwell in,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  If thou shalt heare say (concerning any of thy cities which the Lord thy God hath giuen thee to dwell in)

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  If thou shalt heare say in one of thy cities, whiche the Lorde thy God hath geuen thee to dwell in,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ If thou shalt hear [say] in one of thy cities, which the LORD thy God hath given thee to dwell there, saying,

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  If you shall hear tell concerning one of your cities, which Yahweh your God gives you to dwell there, saying,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `When thou hearest, in one of thy cities which Jehovah thy God is giving to thee to dwell there, `one' saying,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  If thou shalt hear tell concerning one of thy cities, which Jehovah thy God giveth thee to dwell there, saying,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  If thou shalt hear tell concerning one of thy cities, which Jehovah thy God giveth thee to dwell there, saying,

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And if word comes to you, in one of the towns which the Lord your God is giving you for your resting-place,

• World English Bible (2000)

  If you shall hear tell concerning one of your cities, which Yahweh your God gives you to dwell there, saying,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Punishment of Community Idolatry Suppose you should hear in one of your cities, which the LORD your God is giving you as a place to live, that

Referenced Verses

• Josh 22:11-34 : 11 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמְע֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֣ה בָנ֣וּ בְנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵ֣ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֡ד וַחֲצִי֩ שֵׁ֨בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֜ה אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֗חַ אֶל־מוּל֙ אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן אֶל־גְּלִילוֹת֙ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן אֶל־עֵ֖בֶר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*šāmaʿ* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* saying, Behold *bānâ* *bənê*-*Rəʾûbēn* and-*bənê*-*Gād* and-*ḥăṣî* *šēbeṭ* *haMənaššeh* *ʾet*-*hammizbēaḥ* to-front *ʾereṣ* *Kənaʿan* to-*gəlîlôt* *haYardēn* to-*ʿēber* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyišməʿû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they heard", "*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct + proper noun - children of Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*bānû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they built", "*bənê-Rəʾûbēn*": "construct + proper noun - sons of Reuben", "*ûbənê-Gād*": "conjunctive waw + construct + proper noun - and sons of Gad", "*waḥăṣî šēbeṭ haMənaššeh*": "conjunctive waw + construct + construct + definite article + proper noun - and half the tribe of Manasseh", "*ʾet-hammizbēaḥ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the altar", "*ʾel-mûl*": "preposition + noun - toward the front of", "*ʾereṣ Kənaʿan*": "construct + proper noun - land of Canaan", "*ʾel-gəlîlôt haYardēn*": "preposition + construct + definite article + proper noun - to the regions of the Jordan", "*ʾel-ʿēber bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + construct + construct + proper noun - to the side of the children of Israel" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened/understood", "*bānâ*": "built/constructed", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*mûl*": "front/opposite side", "*gəlîlôt*": "regions/districts/borders", "*ʿēber*": "side/region across/beyond" } } 12 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.12", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֖וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּקָּ֨הֲל֜וּ כָּל־עֲדַ֤ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ שִׁלֹ֔ה לַעֲל֥וֹת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לַצָּבָֽא׃", "text": "And-*šāmaʿ* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and-*qāhal* all-*ʿădâ* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *Šilōh* to-go-up against-them to-the-*ṣābāʾ*", "grammar": { "*wayyišməʿû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they heard", "*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct + proper noun - children of Israel", "*wayyiqqāhălû*": "niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they assembled", "*kol-ʿădat bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - all the congregation of the children of Israel", "*Šilōh*": "proper noun - Shiloh", "*laʿălôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to go up", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them", "*laṣṣābāʾ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - for war/battle" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened/understood", "*qāhal*": "assemble/gather", "*ʿēdâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*ʿālâ*": "go up/ascend/attack", "*ṣābāʾ*": "army/war/military service" } } 13 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.13", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלְח֨וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֧ן וְאֶל־בְּנֵי־גָ֛ד וְאֶל־חֲצִ֥י שֵֽׁבֶט־מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ הַגִּלְעָ֑ד אֶת־פִּינְחָ֖ס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֥ר הַכֹּהֵֽן׃", "text": "*wə-yišləḥû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* to *bənê-rəʾûbēn* and to *bənê-gād* and to *ḥăṣî šēbeṭ-mənaššeh* to *ʾereṣ ha-gilʿād* *ʾēt-pînəḥās ben-ʾelʿāzār ha-kōhēn*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišləḥû*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they sent", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Israel", "*bənê-rəʾûbēn*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Reuben", "*bənê-gād*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Gad", "*ḥăṣî šēbeṭ-mənaššeh*": "noun + construct noun + proper noun - half tribe of Manasseh", "*ʾereṣ ha-gilʿād*": "construct noun + definite article + proper noun - land of the Gilead", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*pînəḥās ben-ʾelʿāzār ha-kōhēn*": "proper noun + construct noun + proper noun + definite article + noun - Phinehas son of Eleazar the priest" }, "variants": { "*wə-yišləḥû*": "and they sent/dispatched", "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*ha-kōhēn*": "the priest/the one who serves in the sanctuary" } } 14 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.14", "source": "וַעֲשָׂרָ֤ה נְשִׂאִים֙ עִמּ֔וֹ נָשִׂ֨יא אֶחָ֜ד נָשִׂ֤יא אֶחָד֙ לְבֵ֣ית אָ֔ב לְכֹ֖ל מַטּ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְאִ֨ישׁ רֹ֧אשׁ בֵּית־אֲבוֹתָ֛ם הֵ֖מָּה לְאַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ʿăśārāh nəśiʾîm* with him, *nāśîʾ ʾeḥād nāśîʾ ʾeḥād lə-bêt ʾāb lə-kōl maṭṭôt yiśrāʾēl wə-ʾîš rōʾš bêt-ʾăbôtām hēmmāh lə-ʾalpê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿăśārāh*": "waw-conjunctive + cardinal number, feminine - and ten", "*nəśiʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - chiefs/leaders/princes", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*nāśîʾ ʾeḥād*": "noun + cardinal number - one leader/prince (repeated for emphasis)", "*lə-bêt ʾāb*": "preposition + construct noun + noun - for a father's house/family", "*lə-kōl*": "preposition + noun - for all/every", "*maṭṭôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes/staffs of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-ʾîš*": "waw-conjunctive + noun - and each man/person", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*bêt-ʾăbôtām*": "construct noun + noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - house of their fathers", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*lə-ʾalpê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - for the thousands of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*nəśiʾîm*": "chiefs/leaders/princes/rulers", "*bêt ʾāb*": "father's house/family/clan", "*maṭṭôt*": "tribes/staffs/branches", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/leader", "*ʾalpê*": "thousands/clans/military units" } } 15 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.15", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ אֶל־בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֧ן וְאֶל־בְּנֵי־גָ֛ד וְאֶל־חֲצִ֥י שֵֽׁבֶט־מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ הַגִּלְעָ֑ד וַיְדַבְּר֥וּ אִתָּ֖ם לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾû* to *bənê-rəʾûbēn* and to *bənê-gād* and to *ḥăṣî šēbeṭ-mənaššeh* to *ʾereṣ ha-gilʿād wa-yədabbərû ʾittām lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*bənê-rəʾûbēn*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Reuben", "*bənê-gād*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Gad", "*ḥăṣî šēbeṭ-mənaššeh*": "noun + construct noun + proper noun - half tribe of Manasseh", "*ʾereṣ ha-gilʿād*": "construct noun + definite article + proper noun - land of the Gilead", "*wa-yədabbərû*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they spoke", "*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*wa-yābōʾû*": "and they came/went/entered", "*wa-yədabbərû*": "and they spoke/talked/discussed", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/thus" } } 16 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.16", "source": "כֹּ֣ה אָמְר֞וּ כֹּ֣ל ׀ עֲדַ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה מָֽה־הַמַּ֤עַל הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר מְעַלְתֶּם֙ בֵּאלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לָשׁ֣וּב הַיּ֔וֹם מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה בִּבְנֽוֹתְכֶ֤ם לָכֶם֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לִמְרָדְכֶ֥ם הַיּ֖וֹם בַּיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*kōh ʾāmərû kōl ʿădat YHWH mah-ha-maʿal ha-zeh ʾăšer məʿaltem bēʾlōhê yiśrāʾēl lāšûb ha-yôm mēʾaḥărê YHWH bi-bənôtəkem lākem mizbēaḥ li-mərādəkem ha-yôm ba-YHWH*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmərû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they said", "*kōl*": "noun, construct - all of/the whole of", "*ʿădat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - congregation/assembly of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*mah*": "interrogative - what", "*ha-maʿal*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the treachery/unfaithfulness", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*məʿaltem*": "perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have committed treachery", "*bēʾlōhê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - against the God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to turn/return", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day/today", "*mēʾaḥărê*": "preposition + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from after/from following", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*bi-bənôtəkem*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your building", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*li-mərādəkem*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for your rebelling", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day/today", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - against the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*maʿal*": "treachery/unfaithfulness/trespass", "*məʿaltem*": "you have committed treachery/you have been unfaithful/you have trespassed", "*lāšûb*": "to turn/to return/to turn away", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*mərādəkem*": "your rebelling/your rebellion/your revolt" } } 17 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.17", "source": "הַמְעַט־לָ֙נוּ֙ אֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן פְּע֔וֹר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־הִטַּהַ֙רְנוּ֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וַיְהִ֥י הַנֶּ֖גֶף בַּעֲדַ֥ת יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ha-məʿaṭ-lānû ʾet-ʿăwōn pəʿôr ʾăšer lōʾ-hiṭṭaharnû mimmennû ʿad ha-yôm ha-zeh wa-yəhî ha-negep ba-ʿădat YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ha-məʿaṭ*": "definite article + adjective - the little/insufficient", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st person common plural suffix - to us/for us", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿăwōn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*pəʿôr*": "proper noun - Peor", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hiṭṭaharnû*": "perfect, 1st person common plural, Hitpael - we have purified ourselves/we have cleansed ourselves", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from it", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*wa-yəhî*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and there was", "*ha-negep*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plague", "*ba-ʿădat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the congregation of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*məʿaṭ*": "little/too little/insufficient", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*hiṭṭaharnû*": "we have cleansed ourselves/we have purified ourselves/we have been cleansed", "*negep*": "plague/blow/striking" } } 18 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.18", "source": "וְאַתֶּם֙ תָּשֻׁ֣בוּ הַיּ֔וֹם מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וְהָיָ֗ה אַתֶּ֞ם תִּמְרְד֤וּ הַיּוֹם֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וּמָחָ֕ר אֶֽל־כָּל־עֲדַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִקְצֹֽף׃", "text": "*wə-ʾattem tāšûbû ha-yôm mēʾaḥărê YHWH wə-hāyāh ʾattem timrədû ha-yôm ba-YHWH û-māḥār ʾel-kāl-ʿădat yiśrāʾēl yiqṣōp*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾattem*": "waw-conjunctive + 2nd person masculine plural pronoun - and you", "*tāšûbû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you turn/return", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day/today", "*mēʾaḥărê*": "preposition + preposition - from after/from following", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*timrədû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you rebel", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day/today", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - against the LORD/Yahweh", "*û-māḥār*": "waw-conjunctive + adverb - and tomorrow", "*ʾel-kāl*": "preposition + noun, construct - to all of", "*ʿădat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - congregation of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yiqṣōp*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be angry/wrathful" }, "variants": { "*tāšûbû*": "you turn/you return/you turn away", "*timrədû*": "you rebel/you revolt", "*yiqṣōp*": "he will be angry/he will be wrathful/he will be indignant" } } 19 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.19", "source": "וְאַ֨ךְ אִם־טְמֵאָ֜ה אֶ֣רֶץ אֲחֻזַּתְכֶ֗ם עִבְר֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם אֶל־אֶ֨רֶץ אֲחֻזַּ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר שָֽׁכַן־שָׁם֙ מִשְׁכַּ֣ן יְהוָ֔ה וְהֵאָחֲז֖וּ בְּתוֹכֵ֑נוּ וּבַֽיהוָ֣ה אַל־תִּמְרֹ֗דוּ וְאֹתָ֙נוּ֙ אֶל־תִּמְרֹ֔דוּ בִּבְנֹֽתְכֶ֤ם לָכֶם֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ מִֽבַּלְעֲדֵ֔י מִזְבַּ֖ח יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾak ʾim-ṭəmēʾāh ʾereṣ ʾăḥuzzatkem ʿibrû lākem ʾel-ʾereṣ ʾăḥuzzat YHWH ʾăšer šākan-šām miškkan YHWH wə-hēʾāḥăzû bətôkēnû û-ba-YHWH ʾal-timrōdû wə-ʾōtānû ʾel-timrōdû bi-bnōtəkem lākem mizbēaḥ mi-balʿădê mizbaḥ YHWH ʾĕlōhênû*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾak*": "waw-conjunctive + adverb - and only/and surely", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*ṭəmēʾāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - unclean/impure", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ʾăḥuzzatkem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your possession", "*ʿibrû*": "imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - cross over", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*ʾel-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - to the land of", "*ʾăḥuzzat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - possession of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*šākan-šām*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + adverb - he dwells there", "*miškkan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tabernacle of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-hēʾāḥăzû*": "waw-conjunctive + imperative, 2nd person masculine plural, Niphal - and be possessed/take possession", "*bətôkēnû*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st person common plural suffix - in our midst", "*û-ba-YHWH*": "waw-conjunctive + preposition + proper noun - and against the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾal-timrōdû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural, jussive - do not rebel", "*wə-ʾōtānû*": "waw-conjunctive + direct object marker + 1st person common plural suffix - and against us", "*ʾel-timrōdû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural, jussive - do not rebel", "*bi-bnōtəkem*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your building", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for yourselves", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*mi-balʿădê*": "preposition + preposition - apart from/besides", "*mizbaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - altar of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person common plural suffix - our God" }, "variants": { "*ṭəmēʾāh*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*ʾăḥuzzatkem*": "your possession/your property/your holding", "*šākan*": "he dwells/he resides/he settles", "*miškkan*": "tabernacle/dwelling place/sanctuary", "*hēʾāḥăzû*": "take possession/be possessed/settle", "*mi-balʿădê*": "apart from/besides/except" } } 20 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.20", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא ׀ עָכָ֣ן בֶּן־זֶ֗רַח מָ֤עַל מַ֙עַל֙ בַּחֵ֔רֶם וְעַֽל־כָּל־עֲדַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הָ֣יָה קָ֑צֶף וְהוּא֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֔ד לֹ֥א גָוַ֖ע בַּעֲוֺנֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "*hă-lôʾ ʿākān ben-zeraḥ māʿal maʿal ba-ḥērem wə-ʿal-kāl-ʿădat yiśrāʾēl hāyāh qāṣep wə-hûʾ ʾîš ʾeḥād lōʾ gāwaʿ ba-ʿăwōnô*", "grammar": { "*hă-lôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - did not", "*ʿākān*": "proper noun - Achan", "*ben-zeraḥ*": "construct noun + proper noun - son of Zerah", "*māʿal*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he committed treachery", "*maʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - treachery", "*ba-ḥērem*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the devoted thing", "*wə-ʿal*": "waw-conjunctive + preposition - and upon", "*kāl-ʿădat*": "noun, construct + noun, feminine singular construct - all the congregation of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - there was", "*qāṣep*": "noun, masculine singular - wrath/anger", "*wə-hûʾ*": "waw-conjunctive + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number - one", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*gāwaʿ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he perished/died", "*ba-ʿăwōnô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his iniquity" }, "variants": { "*māʿal maʿal*": "committed treachery/trespassed a trespass/was unfaithful with unfaithfulness", "*ḥērem*": "devoted thing/banned object/thing under ban", "*qāṣep*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*gāwaʿ*": "perished/died/expired", "*ʿăwōnô*": "his iniquity/his guilt/his punishment" } } 21 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.21", "source": "וַֽיַּעֲנוּ֙ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֣ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֔ד וַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֑ה וַֽיְדַבְּר֔וּ אֶת־רָאשֵׁ֖י אַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wa-yaʿănû bənê-rəʾûbēn û-bənê-gād wa-ḥăṣî šēbet ha-mənaššeh wa-yədabbərû ʾet-rāʾšê ʾalpê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yaʿănû*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they answered", "*bənê-rəʾûbēn*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Reuben", "*û-bənê-gād*": "waw-conjunctive + construct noun + proper noun - and sons/children of Gad", "*wa-ḥăṣî*": "waw-conjunctive + noun - and half", "*šēbet*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*ha-mənaššeh*": "definite article + proper noun - the Manasseh", "*wa-yədabbərû*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they spoke", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rāʾšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - heads of", "*ʾalpê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - thousands of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yaʿănû*": "they answered/they responded/they replied", "*yədabbərû*": "they spoke/they talked/they said", "*rāʾšê*": "heads/chiefs/leaders", "*ʾalpê*": "thousands/clans/military units" } } 22 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.22", "source": "אֵל֩ ׀ אֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ יְהוָ֜ה אֵ֣ל ׀ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא יֹדֵ֔עַ וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל ה֣וּא יֵדָ֑ע אִם־בְּמֶ֤רֶד וְאִם־בְּמַ֙עַל֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה אַל־תּוֹשִׁיעֵ֖נוּ הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*ʾēl ʾĕlōhîm YHWH ʾēl ʾĕlōhîm YHWH hûʾ yōdēaʿ wə-yiśrāʾēl hûʾ yēdāʿ ʾim-bə-mered wə-ʾim-bə-maʿal ba-YHWH ʾal-tôšîʿēnû ha-yôm ha-zeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/Mighty One (repeated for emphasis)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods (repeated for emphasis)", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh (repeated for emphasis)", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*yōdēaʿ*": "participle, masculine singular - knowing", "*wə-yiśrāʾēl*": "waw-conjunctive + proper noun - and Israel", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*yēdāʿ*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will know", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*bə-mered*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in rebellion", "*wə-ʾim*": "waw-conjunctive + conditional particle - and if", "*bə-maʿal*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in treachery", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - against the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tôšîʿēnû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular, Hiphil + 1st person common plural suffix - save us", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/Mighty One/deity", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*yōdēaʿ*": "knowing/perceiving/understanding", "*mered*": "rebellion/revolt/insurrection", "*maʿal*": "treachery/unfaithfulness/trespass", "*tôšîʿēnû*": "save us/deliver us/help us" } } 23 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.23", "source": "לִבְנ֥וֹת לָ֙נוּ֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לָשׁ֖וּב מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְאִם־לְהַעֲל֨וֹת עָלָ֜יו עוֹלָ֣ה וּמִנְחָ֗ה וְאִם־לַעֲשׂ֤וֹת עָלָיו֙ זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֔ים יְהוָ֖ה ה֥וּא יְבַקֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "*li-bnôt lānû mizbēaḥ lāšûb mēʾaḥărê YHWH wə-ʾim-lə-haʿălôt ʿālāyv ʿôlāh û-minḥāh wə-ʾim-la-ʿăśôt ʿālāyw zibḥê šəlāmîm YHWH hûʾ yəbaqqēš*", "grammar": { "*li-bnôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to build", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st person common plural suffix - for us", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to turn/return", "*mēʾaḥărê*": "preposition + preposition - from after/from following", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-ʾim*": "waw-conjunctive + conditional particle - and if", "*lə-haʿălôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Hiphil - to offer/bring up", "*ʿālāyv*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on it", "*ʿôlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*û-minḥāh*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, feminine singular - and grain offering", "*wə-ʾim*": "waw-conjunctive + conditional particle - and if", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to make/prepare", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on it", "*zibḥê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sacrifices of", "*šəlāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peace offerings", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*yəbaqqēš*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, Piel - he will require/seek" }, "variants": { "*li-bnôt*": "to build/to construct", "*lāšûb*": "to turn/to return/to turn away", "*lə-haʿălôt*": "to offer/to bring up/to sacrifice", "*ʿôlāh*": "burnt offering/whole burnt offering", "*minḥāh*": "grain offering/meal offering/tribute", "*zibḥê šəlāmîm*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings/communion sacrifices", "*yəbaqqēš*": "he will require/he will seek/he will demand" } } 24 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.24", "source": "וְאִם־לֹ֤א מִדְּאָגָה֙ מִדָּבָ֔ר עָשִׂ֥ינוּ אֶת־זֹ֖את לֵאמֹ֑ר מָחָ֗ר יֹאמְר֨וּ בְנֵיכֶ֤ם לְבָנֵ֙ינוּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַה־לָּכֶ֕ם וְלַֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ʾim-lōʾ mi-dəʾāgāh mi-dābār ʿāśînû ʾet-zōʾt lēʾmōr māḥār yōʾmərû bənêkem lə-bānênû lēʾmōr mah-lākem wə-la-YHWH ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim-lōʾ*": "waw-conjunctive + conditional particle + negative particle - and if not", "*mi-dəʾāgāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from anxiety/concern", "*mi-dābār*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from a matter", "*ʿāśînû*": "perfect, 1st person common plural - we did/made", "*ʾet-zōʾt*": "direct object marker + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*yōʾmərû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will say", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons/children", "*lə-bānênû*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 1st person common plural suffix - to our sons/children", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying", "*mah-lākem*": "interrogative + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - what to you", "*wə-la-YHWH*": "waw-conjunctive + preposition + proper noun - and to the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*dəʾāgāh*": "anxiety/concern/fear", "*dābār*": "matter/thing/word", "*ʿāśînû*": "we did/we made/we performed", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in the future/in time to come", "*mah-lākem*": "what to you/what have you to do with/what connection do you have with" } } 25 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.25", "source": "וּגְב֣וּל נָֽתַן־יְ֠הוָה בֵּינֵ֨נוּ וּבֵינֵיכֶ֜ם בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֤ן וּבְנֵי־גָד֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן אֵין־לָכֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק בַּֽיהוָ֑ה וְהִשְׁבִּ֤יתוּ בְנֵיכֶם֙ אֶת־בָּנֵ֔ינוּ לְבִלְתִּ֖י יְרֹ֥א אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*û-gəbûl nātan-YHWH bênênû û-bênêkem bənê-rəʾûbēn û-bənê-gād ʾet-ha-yardēn ʾên-lākem ḥēleq ba-YHWH wə-hišbîtû bənêkem ʾet-bānênû lə-biltî yərōʾ ʾet-YHWH*", "grammar": { "*û-gəbûl*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine singular - and border/boundary", "*nātan*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave/placed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*bênênû*": "preposition + 1st person common plural suffix - between us", "*û-bênêkem*": "waw-conjunctive + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you", "*bənê-rəʾûbēn*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Reuben", "*û-bənê-gād*": "waw-conjunctive + construct noun + proper noun - and sons/children of Gad", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*ʾên-lākem*": "negative existential particle + preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you have no", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular - portion/share", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - in the LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-hišbîtû*": "waw-consecutive + perfect, 3rd person common plural, Hiphil - and they will cause to cease", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons/children", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bānênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person common plural suffix - our sons/children", "*lə-biltî*": "preposition + negative particle - to not", "*yərōʾ*": "infinitive construct - fear", "*ʾet-YHWH*": "direct object marker + proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*gəbûl*": "border/boundary/territory", "*nātan*": "gave/placed/set", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/part", "*hišbîtû*": "cause to cease/make to stop/restrain", "*yərōʾ*": "fear/revere/be in awe of" } } 26 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.26", "source": "וַנֹּ֕אמֶר נַעֲשֶׂה־נָּ֣א לָ֔נוּ לִבְנ֖וֹת אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ לֹ֥א לְעוֹלָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א לְזָֽבַח׃", "text": "And-*wə*-*nōʾmer* let-us-*naʿăśeh*-*nāʾ* to-us-*lānû* to-build-*livnôt* *ʾet*-the-*mizbeaḥ* not-*lōʾ* for-burnt-offering-*lə·ʿôlāh* and-not-*wəlōʾ* for-sacrifice-*ləzāvaḥ*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*nōʾmer*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural, waw consecutive - and we said", "*naʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural, cohortative - let us make/do", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please, now (adds emphasis/urgency)", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - to/for us", "*livnôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to build", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-mizbeaḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the altar", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*lə·ʿôlāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for burnt offering", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ləzāvaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for sacrifice" }, "variants": { "*naʿăśeh-nāʾ*": "let us do/make please (urgently)", "*mizbeaḥ*": "altar, place of sacrifice", "*ʿôlāh*": "burnt offering, that which ascends", "*zāvaḥ*": "sacrifice, slaughtered offering" } } 27 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.27", "source": "כִּי֩ עֵ֨ד ה֜וּא בֵּינֵ֣ינוּ וּבֵינֵיכֶ֗ם וּבֵ֣ין דֹּרוֹתֵינוּ֮ אַחֲרֵינוּ֒ לַעֲבֹ֞ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ לְפָנָ֔יו בְּעֹלוֹתֵ֥ינוּ וּבִזְבָחֵ֖ינוּ וּבִשְׁלָמֵ֑ינוּ וְלֹא־יֹאמְר֨וּ בְנֵיכֶ֤ם מָחָר֙ לְבָנֵ֔ינוּ אֵין־לָכֶ֥ם חֵ֖לֶק בַּיהוָֽה׃", "text": "For-*kî* witness-*ʿēd* it-*hûʾ* between-us-*bênênû* and-between-you-*ûbênêkem* and-between-*ûbên* our-generations-*dôrôtênû* after-us-*ʾaḥărênû* to-serve-*laʿăvōd* *ʾet*-service-*ʿăvōdat* *YHWH* before-him-*ləpānāyw* with-our-burnt-offerings-*bəʿôlôtênû* and-with-our-sacrifices-*ûvizvāḥênû* and-with-our-peace-offerings-*ûvišlāmênû* and-not-*wəlōʾ*-shall-say-*yōʾmərû* your-sons-*bənêkem* tomorrow-*māḥār* to-our-sons-*ləvānênû* not-*ʾên*-to-you-*lākem* portion-*ḥēleq* in-*YHWH*-*baYHWH*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness, testimony", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it, he", "*bênênû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - between us", "*ûbênêkem*": "conjunction + preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - and between you", "*ûbên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*dôrôtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our generations", "*ʾaḥărênû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - after us", "*laʿăvōd*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to serve/worship", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿăvōdat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - service of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ləpānāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him", "*bəʿôlôtênû*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 1st plural suffix - with our burnt offerings", "*ûvizvāḥênû*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural with 1st plural suffix - and with our sacrifices", "*ûvišlāmênû*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural with 1st plural suffix - and with our peace offerings", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will say", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow, in the future", "*ləvānênû*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - to our sons", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular - portion, share, part", "*baYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - in YHWH" }, "variants": { "*ʿēd*": "witness, testimony, evidence", "*dôrôt*": "generations, periods, ages", "*ʿăvōdat*": "service, worship, labor", "*ʿôlôt*": "burnt offerings, ascending offerings", "*zəvāḥîm*": "sacrifices, slaughtered offerings", "*šəlāmîm*": "peace offerings, fellowship offerings, offerings of well-being", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow, in future time", "*ḥēleq*": "portion, share, part, territory" } } 28 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.28", "source": "וַנֹּ֕אמֶר וְהָיָ֗ה כִּֽי־יֹאמְר֥וּ אֵלֵ֛ינוּ וְאֶל־דֹּרֹתֵ֖ינוּ מָחָ֑ר וְאָמַ֡רְנוּ רְא֣וּ אֶת־תַּבְנִית֩ מִזְבַּ֨ח יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֗ינוּ לֹ֤א לְעוֹלָה֙ וְלֹ֣א לְזֶ֔בַח כִּי־עֵ֣ד ה֔וּא בֵּינֵ֖ינוּ וּבֵינֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wə*-*nōʾmer* and-it-shall-be-*wəhāyāh* if-*kî*-they-say-*yōʾmərû* to-us-*ʾēlênû* and-to-*wəʾel*-our-generations-*dōrōtênû* tomorrow-*māḥār* and-we-will-say-*wəʾāmarnû* see-*rəʾû* *ʾet*-pattern-*tavnît* altar-*mizbaḥ* *YHWH* which-*ʾăšer*-made-*ʿāśû* our-fathers-*ʾăvôtênû* not-*lōʾ* for-burnt-offering-*ləʿôlāh* and-not-*wəlōʾ* for-sacrifice-*ləzevaḥ* for-*kî*-witness-*ʿēd* it-*hûʾ* between-us-*bênênû* and-between-you-*ûbênêkem*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*nōʾmer*": "qal imperfect, 1st plural, waw consecutive - and we said", "*wəhāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it shall be", "*kî*": "conjunction - if, when", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will say", "*ʾēlênû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - to us", "*wəʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*dōrōtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our generations", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow, in the future", "*wəʾāmarnû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st plural - and we will say", "*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tavnît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - pattern, model, form", "*mizbaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - altar of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they made", "*ʾăvôtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our fathers", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ləʿôlāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for burnt offering", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ləzevaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for sacrifice", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it, he", "*bênênû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - between us", "*ûbênêkem*": "conjunction + preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - and between you" }, "variants": { "*tavnît*": "pattern, model, form, likeness, replica", "*mizbaḥ*": "altar, place of sacrifice", "*ʾăvôt*": "fathers, ancestors, forefathers", "*ʿôlāh*": "burnt offering, that which ascends", "*zevaḥ*": "sacrifice, slaughtered offering", "*ʿēd*": "witness, testimony, evidence" } } 29 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.29", "source": "חָלִילָה֩ לָּ֨נוּ מִמֶּ֜נּוּ לִמְרֹ֣ד בַּֽיהוָ֗ה וְלָשׁ֤וּב הַיּוֹם֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לִבְנ֣וֹת מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לְעֹלָ֖ה לְמִנְחָ֣ה וּלְזָ֑בַח מִלְּבַ֗ד מִזְבַּח֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֖ר לִפְנֵ֥י מִשְׁכָּנֽוֹ׃", "text": "Far-be-it-*ḥālîlāh* to-us-*lānû* from-us-*mimmennû* to-rebel-*limrōd* against-*YHWH*-*baYHWH* and-to-turn-away-*wəlāšûv* the-day-*hayyôm* from-after-*mēʾaḥărê* *YHWH* to-build-*livnôt* altar-*mizbeaḥ* for-burnt-offering-*ləʿōlāh* for-grain-offering-*ləminḥāh* and-for-sacrifice-*ûləzāvaḥ* apart-from-*milləvad* altar-*mizbaḥ* *YHWH* our-God-*ʾĕlōhênû* which-*ʾăšer* before-*lipnê* his-tabernacle-*miškānô*", "grammar": { "*ḥālîlāh*": "interjection - far be it, God forbid", "*lānû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - to/for us", "*mimmennû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - from us", "*limrōd*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to rebel", "*baYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - against YHWH", "*wəlāšûv*": "conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to turn away", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day, today", "*mēʾaḥărê*": "preposition + preposition with construct - from after", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*livnôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to build", "*mizbeaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*ləʿōlāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for burnt offering", "*ləminḥāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for grain offering", "*ûləzāvaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular - and for sacrifice", "*milləvad*": "preposition + preposition - apart from, besides", "*mizbaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - altar of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*lipnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - before", "*miškānô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tabernacle" }, "variants": { "*ḥālîlāh*": "far be it, God forbid, profanation", "*limrōd*": "to rebel, to revolt, to be contentious", "*lāšûv*": "to turn away, to return, to abandon", "*mizbeaḥ*": "altar, place of sacrifice", "*ʿōlāh*": "burnt offering, that which ascends", "*minḥāh*": "grain offering, tribute, gift", "*zāvaḥ*": "sacrifice, slaughtered offering", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God, gods, divine beings", "*miškān*": "tabernacle, dwelling place, sanctuary" } } 30 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.30", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע פִּֽינְחָ֣ס הַכֹּהֵ֗ן וּנְשִׂיאֵ֨י הָעֵדָ֜ה וְרָאשֵׁ֨י אַלְפֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ אֶת־הַ֨דְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר דִּבְּר֛וּ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֥ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֖ד וּבְנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה וַיִּיטַ֖ב בְּעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyišmaʿ* *Pineḥās* the-*hakkōhēn* and-*ûnəśîʾê* the-congregation-*hāʿēdāh* and-heads-of-*wərāšê* thousands-of-*ʾalpê* Israel-*Yiśrāʾēl* who-*ʾăšer* with-him-*ʾittô* *ʾet*-the-words-*haddəvārîm* which-*ʾăšer* spoke-*dibbərû* sons-of-*bənê*-*Rəʾûvēn* and-sons-of-*ûvənê*-*Gād* and-sons-of-*ûvənê*-*Mənaššeh* and-it-was-good-*wayyîṭav* in-their-eyes-*bəʿênêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he heard", "*Pineḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the priest", "*ûnəśîʾê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and chiefs/leaders of", "*hāʿēdāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the congregation", "*wərāšê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and heads of", "*ʾalpê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - thousands of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who, which", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haddəvārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*dibbərû*": "piel perfect, 3rd common plural - they spoke", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Rəʾûvēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*ûvənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*Gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*ûvənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*Mənaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh", "*wayyîṭav*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and it was good", "*bəʿênêhem*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their eyes" }, "variants": { "*Pineḥās*": "Phinehas (meaning 'mouth of brass')", "*kōhēn*": "priest, officiant", "*nəśîʾê*": "chiefs, leaders, princes", "*ʿēdāh*": "congregation, assembly, community", "*rāšê*": "heads, chiefs, leaders", "*ʾalpê*": "thousands, military units, clans", "*dəvārîm*": "words, matters, things, affairs", "*wayyîṭav*": "it was good, it pleased, it was favorable" } } 31 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.31", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר פִּֽינְחָ֣ס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֡ן אֶל־בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וְאֶל־בְּנֵי־גָ֜ד וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה הַיּ֤וֹם ׀ יָדַ֙עְנוּ֙ כִּֽי־בְתוֹכֵ֣נוּ יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־מְעַלְתֶּ֥ם בַּֽיהוָ֖ה הַמַּ֣עַל הַזֶּ֑ה אָ֗ז הִצַּלְתֶּ֛ם אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִיַּ֥ד יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *Pineḥās* son-of-*ben*-*ʾElʿāzār* the-priest-*hakkōhēn* to-*ʾel*-sons-of-*bənê*-*Rəʾûvēn* and-to-*wəʾel*-sons-of-*bənê*-*Gād* and-to-*wəʾel*-sons-of-*bənê*-*Mənaššeh* the-day-*hayyôm* we-know-*yādaʿnû* that-*kî*-in-our-midst-*vətôkēnû* *YHWH* that-*ʾăšer* not-*lōʾ*-you-have-committed-*məʿaltem* against-*YHWH*-*baYHWH* the-trespass-*hammaʿal* the-this-*hazzeh* then-*ʾāz* you-have-delivered-*hiṣṣaltem* *ʾet*-sons-of-*bənê* Israel-*Yiśrāʾēl* from-hand-of-*miyyad* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he said", "*Pineḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ʾElʿāzār*": "proper noun - Eleazar", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the priest", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Rəʾûvēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*wəʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*wəʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Mənaššeh*": "proper noun - Manasseh", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day, today", "*yādaʿnû*": "qal perfect, 1st common plural - we know/knew", "*kî*": "conjunction - that, because", "*vətôkēnû*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st plural suffix - in our midst", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that, which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*məʿaltem*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have committed (treachery)", "*baYHWH*": "preposition + divine name - against YHWH", "*hammaʿal*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the trespass", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then, at that time", "*hiṣṣaltem*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have delivered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*miyyad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from hand of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD" }, "variants": { "*Pineḥās*": "Phinehas (meaning 'mouth of brass')", "*ʾElʿāzār*": "Eleazar (meaning 'God has helped')", "*kōhēn*": "priest, officiant", "*yādaʿnû*": "we know, we have known, we recognize", "*tôk*": "midst, middle, inside", "*məʿaltem*": "you have committed treachery, you have trespassed, you have acted unfaithfully", "*maʿal*": "trespass, treachery, unfaithfulness", "*hiṣṣaltem*": "you have delivered, you have saved, you have rescued", "*yad*": "hand, power, control" } } 32 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.32", "source": "וַיָּ֣שָׁב פִּֽינְחָ֣ס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֣ן ׀ וְהַנְּשִׂיאִ֡ים מֵאֵ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵן֩ וּמֵאֵ֨ת בְּנֵי־גָ֜ד מֵאֶ֧רֶץ הַגִּלְעָ֛ד אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ אוֹתָ֖ם דָּבָֽר׃", "text": "And-*wayyāšāv* *Pineḥās* son-of-*ben*-*ʾElʿāzār* the-priest-*hakkōhēn* and-the-leaders-*wəhannəśîʾîm* from-with-*mēʾēt* sons-of-*bənê*-*Rəʾûvēn* and-from-with-*ûmēʾēt* sons-of-*bənê*-*Gād* from-land-of-*mēʾereṣ* the-*haGgilʿād* to-*ʾel*-land-of-*ʾereṣ* *Kənaʿan* to-*ʾel*-sons-of-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and-they-brought-back-*wayyāšîvû* them-*ʾôtām* word-*dāvār*", "grammar": { "*wayyāšāv*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and he returned", "*Pineḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ʾElʿāzār*": "proper noun - Eleazar", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the priest", "*wəhannəśîʾîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the leaders", "*mēʾēt*": "preposition + preposition - from with", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Rəʾûvēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*ûmēʾēt*": "conjunction + preposition + preposition - and from with", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from land of", "*haGgilʿād*": "definite article + proper noun - the Gilead", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyāšîvû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, waw consecutive - and they brought back", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*dāvār*": "noun, masculine singular - word, matter" }, "variants": { "*wayyāšāv*": "he returned, he came back, he turned back", "*nəśîʾîm*": "leaders, chiefs, princes", "*ʾereṣ*": "land, earth, territory, country", "*Gilʿād*": "Gilead (meaning 'rocky region')", "*Kənaʿan*": "Canaan (meaning 'lowland')", "*wayyāšîvû*": "they brought back, they returned, they reported", "*dāvār*": "word, matter, thing, report" } } 33 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.33", "source": "וַיִּיטַ֣ב הַדָּבָ֗ר בְּעֵינֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְבָרֲכ֥וּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֣א אָמְר֗וּ לַעֲל֤וֹת עֲלֵיהֶם֙ לַצָּבָ֔א לְשַׁחֵת֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֛ר בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֥ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֖ד יֹשְׁבִ֥ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-*wayyîṭav* the-word-*haddāvār* in-eyes-of-*bəʿênê* sons-of-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and-they-blessed-*wayəvārăkû* *ʾElōhîm* sons-of-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and-not-*wəlōʾ* they-said-*ʾāmərû* to-go-up-*laʿălôt* against-them-*ʿălêhem* to-the-battle-*laṣṣāvāʾ* to-destroy-*ləšaḥēt* *ʾet*-the-land-*hāʾāreṣ* which-*ʾăšer* sons-of-*bənê*-*Rəʾûvēn* and-sons-of-*ûvənê*-*Gād* dwelling-*yōšəvîm* in-it-*bāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyîṭav*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, waw consecutive - and it was good", "*haddāvār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the word, the matter", "*bəʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - in eyes of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayəvārăkû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, waw consecutive - and they blessed", "*ʾElōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʾāmərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they said", "*laʿălôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to go up", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them", "*laṣṣāvāʾ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the battle/army", "*ləšaḥēt*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to destroy", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Rəʾûvēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*ûvənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*Gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*yōšəvîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - dwelling, living", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*wayyîṭav*": "it was good, it pleased, it was favorable", "*dāvār*": "word, matter, thing, report", "*wayəvārăkû*": "they blessed, they praised, they kneeled before", "*ʾElōhîm*": "God, gods, divine beings", "*laʿălôt*": "to go up, to ascend, to climb", "*ṣāvāʾ*": "army, battle, warfare, military service", "*ləšaḥēt*": "to destroy, to ruin, to corrupt", "*ʾereṣ*": "land, earth, territory, country", "*yōšəvîm*": "dwelling, living, residing, sitting" } } 34 { "verseID": "Joshua.22.34", "source": "וַֽיִּקְרְא֛וּ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֥ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֖ד לַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ כִּ֣י עֵ֥ד הוּא֙ בֵּֽינֹתֵ֔ינוּ כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqrəʾû* sons-of-*bənê*-*Rəʾûvēn* and-sons-of-*ûvənê*-*Gād* to-the-altar-*lammizbeaḥ* for-*kî* witness-*ʿēd* it-*hûʾ* between-us-*bênōtênû* that-*kî* *YHWH* the-God-*hāʾElōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrəʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, waw consecutive - and they called", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Rəʾûvēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*ûvənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and sons of", "*Gād*": "proper noun - Gad", "*lammizbeaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the altar", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it, he", "*bênōtênû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - between us", "*kî*": "conjunction - that, because", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*hāʾElōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqrəʾû*": "they called, they named, they proclaimed", "*mizbeaḥ*": "altar, place of sacrifice", "*ʿēd*": "witness, testimony, evidence", "*bênōt*": "between (emphatic form of *bên*)", "*ʾElōhîm*": "God, gods, divine beings" } }
• Judg 20:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Judges.20.1", "source": "וַיֵּצְאוּ֮ כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַתִּקָּהֵ֨ל הָעֵדָ֜ה כְּאִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֗ד לְמִדָּן֙ וְעַד־בְּאֵ֣ר שֶׁ֔בַע וְאֶ֖רֶץ הַגִּלְעָ֑ד אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה הַמִּצְפָּֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yēṣə'û* all-*bənê yiśrā'ēl*, *wə-tiqqāhēl ha-ʿēdâ* as-*'îš 'eḥād* from-*dān* and-unto-*bə'ēr šebaʿ* and-*'ereṣ ha-gilʿād* unto-*YHWH ha-miṣpâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēṣə'û*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they went out", "*bənê yiśrā'ēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons/children of Israel", "*wə-tiqqāhēl*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and was assembled", "*ha-ʿēdâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation/assembly", "*'îš 'eḥād*": "masculine singular noun + numeral - one man (idiom for unity)", "*dān*": "proper noun - Dan (northernmost tribal territory)", "*bə'ēr šebaʿ*": "proper noun - Beersheba (southernmost location)", "*'ereṣ ha-gilʿād*": "noun + definite article + proper noun - land of the Gilead", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ha-miṣpâ*": "definite article + proper noun - the Mizpah (place name)" }, "variants": { "*yēṣə'û*": "went out/came out/assembled", "*tiqqāhēl*": "assembled/gathered together", "*ʿēdâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*'îš 'eḥād*": "as one man/in unity/unanimously", "*miṣpâ*": "watchtower/lookout point/Mizpah (place name)" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.20.2", "source": "וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֞וּ פִּנּ֣וֹת כָּל־הָעָ֗ם כֹּ֚ל שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בִּקְהַ֖ל עַ֣ם הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים אַרְבַּ֨ע מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֛לֶף אִ֥ישׁ רַגְלִ֖י שֹׁ֥לֵֽף חָֽרֶב׃", "text": "*wə-yityaṣṣəbû pinnôt* all-*ha-ʿām*, all *šibṭê yiśrā'ēl*, in-*qəhal ʿam hā-'ĕlōhîm*; four hundred thousand *'îš raglî šōlēp ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yityaṣṣəbû*": "conjunction + Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they positioned themselves/stood", "*pinnôt*": "feminine plural construct - corners/chiefs of", "*ha-ʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*šibṭê*": "masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qəhal*": "masculine singular construct - assembly of", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*hā-'ĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun (but singular meaning) - the God", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*raglî*": "masculine singular adjective - on foot/footmen", "*šōlēp*": "Qal participle masculine singular - drawing", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword" }, "variants": { "*pinnôt*": "corners/chiefs/leaders", "*yityaṣṣəbû*": "stationed themselves/took their stand/presented themselves", "*qəhal*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*raglî*": "foot soldiers/infantry/men on foot", "*šōlēp ḥāreb*": "drawing sword/armed with sword/skilled with sword" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.20.3", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׁמְעוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן כִּֽי־עָל֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַמִּצְפָּ֑ה וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל דַּבְּר֕וּ אֵיכָ֥ה נִהְיְתָ֖ה הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃", "text": "*wə-yišməʿû bənê binyāmin kî-ʿālû bənê-yiśrā'ēl ha-miṣpâ; wə-yō'mərû bənê yiśrā'ēl dabbrû 'êkâ nihyətâ hā-rāʿâ ha-zzō't*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišməʿû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they heard", "*bənê binyāmin*": "construct state + proper noun - sons/children of Benjamin", "*kî-ʿālû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - that had gone up", "*bənê-yiśrā'ēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons/children of Israel", "*ha-miṣpâ*": "definite article + proper noun - the Mizpah", "*wə-yō'mərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they said", "*dabbrû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - speak!", "*'êkâ*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*nihyətâ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - happened/occurred", "*hā-rāʿâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the evil/wickedness", "*ha-zzō't*": "definite article + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*yišməʿû*": "heard/listened/learned", "*ʿālû*": "went up/ascended/gathered", "*miṣpâ*": "watchtower/lookout point/Mizpah (place name)", "*dabbrû*": "speak/tell/declare", "*'êkâ*": "how/in what way/by what means", "*nihyətâ*": "happened/came to pass/occurred", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/wickedness/calamity" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.20.4", "source": "וַיַּ֜עַן הָאִ֣ישׁ הַלֵּוִ֗י אִ֛ישׁ הָאִשָּׁ֥ה הַנִּרְצָחָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַגִּבְעָ֙תָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְבִנְיָמִ֔ן בָּ֛אתִי אֲנִ֥י וּפִֽילַגְשִׁ֖י לָלֽוּן׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿan hā-'îš ha-llēwî 'îš hā-'iššâ ha-nnirṣāḥâ wə-yō'mar ha-ggibʿâtâ 'ăšer lə-binyāmin bā'tî 'ănî û-pîlagšî lālûn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿan*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he answered", "*hā-'îš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*ha-llēwî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Levite", "*'îš*": "construct state - husband of", "*hā-'iššâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the woman", "*ha-nnirṣāḥâ*": "definite article + Niphal participle feminine singular - the murdered", "*wə-yō'mar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ha-ggibʿâtâ*": "definite article + proper noun + directional heh - to Gibeah", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lə-binyāmin*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for/belonging to Benjamin", "*bā'tî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I came", "*'ănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*û-pîlagšî*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my concubine", "*lālûn*": "Qal infinitive construct - to lodge/spend the night" }, "variants": { "*yaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied", "*lēwî*": "Levite (member of tribe of Levi)", "*'îš hā-'iššâ*": "husband of the woman/man of the woman", "*nirṣāḥâ*": "murdered/slain/killed", "*gibʿâtâ*": "to Gibeah (place name)", "*pîlagšî*": "my concubine/secondary wife/female companion", "*lālûn*": "to lodge/to spend the night/to stay overnight" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.20.5", "source": "וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ עָלַי֙ בַּעֲלֵ֣י הַגִּבְעָ֔ה וַיָּסֹ֧בּוּ עָלַ֛י אֶת־הַבַּ֖יִת לָ֑יְלָה אוֹתִי֙ דִּמּ֣וּ לַהֲרֹ֔ג וְאֶת־פִּילַגְשִׁ֥י עִנּ֖וּ וַתָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "*wə-yāqumû ʿālay baʿălê ha-ggibʿâ wə-yāsōbbû ʿālay 'et-ha-bbayit lāylâ; 'ôtî dimmû la-hărōg wə-'et-pîlagšî ʿinnû wə-tāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yāqumû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they rose up", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*baʿălê*": "masculine plural construct - masters/owners/men of", "*ha-ggibʿâ*": "definite article + proper noun - the Gibeah", "*wə-yāsōbbû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they surrounded", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*'et-ha-bbayit*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - the house", "*lāylâ*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*'ôtî*": "direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix - me", "*dimmû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they intended/planned", "*la-hărōg*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to kill", "*wə-'et-pîlagšî*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my concubine", "*ʿinnû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they abused/humiliated/raped", "*wə-tāmōt*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she died" }, "variants": { "*yāqumû*": "rose up/stood up/attacked", "*baʿălê*": "masters/owners/citizens/men", "*yāsōbbû*": "surrounded/encircled/went around", "*dimmû*": "intended/thought/planned", "*la-hărōg*": "to kill/to murder/to slay", "*ʿinnû*": "abused/violated/raped/humiliated", "*tāmōt*": "died/expired/perished" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.20.6", "source": "וָֽאֹחֵ֤ז בְּפִֽילַגְשִׁי֙ וָֽאֲנַתְּחֶ֔הָ וֽ͏ָאֲשַׁלְּחֶ֔הָ בְּכָל־שְׂדֵ֖ה נַחֲלַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֥י עָשׂ֛וּ זִמָּ֥ה וּנְבָלָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wā-'ōḥēz bə-pîlagšî wā-'ănattəḥehā wā-'ăšalləḥehā bə-kol-śədê naḥălat yiśrā'ēl kî ʿāśû zimmâ û-nəbālâ bə-yiśrā'ēl*.", "grammar": { "*wā-'ōḥēz*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular (apocopated form) - and I took hold", "*bə-pîlagšî*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - of my concubine", "*wā-'ănattəḥehā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I cut her in pieces", "*wā-'ăšalləḥehā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I sent her", "*bə-kol-śədê*": "preposition + noun + masculine plural construct - in all fields of", "*naḥălat*": "feminine singular construct - inheritance/possession of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they did/committed", "*zimmâ*": "feminine singular noun - lewdness/wickedness", "*û-nəbālâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and disgraceful folly", "*bə-yiśrā'ēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel" }, "variants": { "*'ōḥēz*": "took hold/seized/grasped", "*'ănattəḥehā*": "cut her in pieces/dismembered her/divided her", "*'ăšalləḥehā*": "sent her/dispatched her/distributed her", "*śədê*": "fields/territories/regions", "*naḥălat*": "inheritance/possession/territory", "*zimmâ*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity/outrage", "*nəbālâ*": "disgraceful folly/outrage/shameful thing" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.20.7", "source": "הִנֵּ֥ה כֻלְּכֶ֖ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הָב֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם דָּבָ֥ר וְעֵצָ֖ה הֲלֹֽם׃", "text": "*hinnēh kullkem bənê yiśrā'ēl; hābû lākem dābār wə-ʿēṣâ hălōm*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*kullkem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - all of you", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hābû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - give", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to yourselves", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/matter", "*wə-ʿēṣâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and counsel/advice", "*hălōm*": "adverb - here/to this point" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*hābû*": "give/present/provide", "*dābār*": "word/matter/thing/plan", "*ʿēṣâ*": "counsel/advice/plan", "*hălōm*": "here/to this place/hither" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.20.8", "source": "וַיָּ֙קָם֙ כָּל־הָעָ֔ם כְּאִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹ֤א נֵלֵךְ֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְאָהֳל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א נָס֖וּר אִ֥ישׁ לְבֵיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yāqom kol-hā-ʿām kə-'îš 'eḥād lē'mōr lō' nēlēk 'îš lə-'ohŏlô wə-lō' nāsûr 'îš lə-bêtô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yāqom*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and arose", "*kol-hā-ʿām*": "construct + definite article + masculine singular noun - all the people", "*kə-'îš*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - as a man", "*'eḥād*": "numeral - one", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*nēlēk*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will go", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each", "*lə-'ohŏlô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his tent", "*wə-lō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*nāsûr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will turn aside", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each", "*lə-bêtô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his house" }, "variants": { "*yāqom*": "arose/stood up/rose up", "*kə-'îš 'eḥād*": "as one man/in unity/unanimously", "*nēlēk*": "will go/shall go/would go", "*nāsûr*": "will turn aside/will depart/will go away" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.20.9", "source": "וְעַתָּ֕ה זֶ֣ה הַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַעֲשֶׂ֖ה לַגִּבְעָ֑ה עָלֶ֖יהָ בְּגוֹרָֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattâ zeh ha-ddābār 'ăšer naʿăśeh la-ggibʿâ; ʿāleyhā bə-gôrāl*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ha-ddābār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the thing/matter", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*naʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will do", "*la-ggibʿâ*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - to Gibeah", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - against it", "*bə-gôrāl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - by lot" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*dābār*": "thing/matter/word/plan", "*naʿăśeh*": "we will do/we shall act/we will perform", "*gibʿâ*": "Gibeah (place name)", "*gôrāl*": "lot/allotment/decision by lot" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.20.10", "source": "וְלָקַ֣חְנוּ עֲשָׂרָה֩ אֲנָשִׁ֨ים לַמֵּאָ֜ה לְכֹ֣ל ׀ שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּמֵאָ֤ה לָאֶ֙לֶף֙ וְאֶ֣לֶף לָרְבָבָ֔ה לָקַ֥חַת צֵדָ֖ה לָעָ֑ם לַעֲשׂ֗וֹת לְבוֹאָם֙ לְגֶ֣בַע בִּנְיָמִ֔ן כְּכָל־הַ֨נְּבָלָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-lāqaḥnû ʿăśārâ 'ănāšîm la-mmē'â lə-kōl šibṭê yiśrā'ēl û-mē'â lā-'elep wə-'elep lā-rəbābâ lāqaḥat ṣēdâ lā-ʿām; la-ʿăśôt lə-bô'ām lə-gebaʿ binyāmin kə-kol-ha-nnəbālâ 'ăšer ʿāśâ bə-yiśrā'ēl*.", "grammar": { "*wə-lāqaḥnû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person plural - and we will take", "*ʿăśārâ*": "number - ten", "*'ănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*la-mmē'â*": "preposition + definite article + number - for the hundred", "*lə-kōl*": "preposition + construct - for all", "*šibṭê*": "masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*û-mē'â*": "conjunction + number - and hundred", "*lā-'elep*": "preposition + definite article + number - for the thousand", "*wə-'elep*": "conjunction + number - and thousand", "*lā-rəbābâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - for the ten thousand", "*lāqaḥat*": "Qal infinitive construct - to take", "*ṣēdâ*": "feminine singular noun - provisions", "*lā-ʿām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for the people", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*lə-bô'ām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at their coming", "*lə-gebaʿ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Geba", "*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*kə-kol-ha-nnəbālâ*": "preposition + construct + definite article + feminine singular noun - according to all the disgraceful folly", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he/it did", "*bə-yiśrā'ēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel" }, "variants": { "*lāqaḥnû*": "we will take/we shall seize/we will select", "*ṣēdâ*": "provisions/supplies/food", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "to do/to act/to perform", "*gebaʿ*": "Geba (place name, possibly same as Gibeah)", "*nəbālâ*": "disgraceful folly/outrage/shameful thing" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.20.11", "source": "וַיֵּֽאָסֵ֞ף כָּל־אִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־הָעִ֔יר כְּאִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד חֲבֵרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yē'āsēp kol-'îš yiśrā'ēl 'el-hā-ʿîr kə-'îš 'eḥād ḥăbērîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yē'āsēp*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and was gathered", "*kol-'îš*": "construct - every man of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'el-hā-ʿîr*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the city", "*kə-'îš*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - as a man", "*'eḥād*": "numeral - one", "*ḥăbērîm*": "masculine plural noun - companions/associates/united" }, "variants": { "*yē'āsēp*": "gathered/assembled/was united", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*kə-'îš 'eḥād*": "as one man/in unity/unanimously", "*ḥăbērîm*": "companions/associates/allies/united" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.20.12", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׁלְח֞וּ שִׁבְטֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲנָשִׁ֔ים בְּכָל־שִׁבְטֵ֥י בִנְיָמִ֖ן לֵאמֹ֑ר מָ֚ה הָרָעָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִהְיְתָ֖ה בָּכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yišləḥû šibṭê yiśrā'ēl 'ănāšîm bə-kol-šibṭê binyāmin lē'mōr mâ hā-rāʿâ ha-zzō't 'ăšer nihyətâ bākem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišləḥû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they sent", "*šibṭê*": "masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'ănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*bə-kol-šibṭê*": "preposition + construct + masculine plural construct - among all tribes of", "*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*hā-rāʿâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the evil", "*ha-zzō't*": "definite article + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nihyətâ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - happened/occurred", "*bākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you" }, "variants": { "*yišləḥû*": "sent/dispatched", "*šibṭê*": "tribes/clans", "*lē'mōr*": "saying/to say", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/wickedness/calamity", "*nihyətâ*": "happened/occurred/was done" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.20.13", "source": "וְעַתָּ֡ה תְּנוּ֩ אֶת־הָאֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּ֜עַל אֲשֶׁ֤ר בַּגִּבְעָה֙ וּנְמִיתֵ֔ם וּנְבַעֲרָ֥ה רָעָ֖ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֤א אָבוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י בִּנְיָמִ֔ן לִשְׁמֹ֕עַ בְּק֖וֹל אֲחֵיהֶ֥ם בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattâ tənû 'et-hā-'ănāšîm bənê-bəliyyaʿal 'ăšer ba-ggibʿâ û-nəmîtēm û-nəbaʿărâ rāʿâ mi-yyiśrā'ēl; wə-lō' 'ābû bənê binyāmin li-šmōaʿ bə-qôl 'ăḥêhem bənê-yiśrā'ēl*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*tənû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - give", "*'et-hā-'ănāšîm*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine plural noun - the men", "*bənê-bəliyyaʿal*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of worthlessness", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*ba-ggibʿâ*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - in Gibeah", "*û-nəmîtēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 1st person plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and we will put them to death", "*û-nəbaʿărâ*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person plural cohortative - and let us remove", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun - evil", "*mi-yyiśrā'ēl*": "preposition + proper noun - from Israel", "*wə-lō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - but not", "*'ābû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they were willing", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*li-šmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to listen", "*bə-qôl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to voice of", "*'ăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*bənê-yiśrā'ēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Israel" }, "variants": { "*tənû*": "give/hand over/deliver", "*bənê-bəliyyaʿal*": "sons of worthlessness/worthless men/scoundrels", "*nəmîtēm*": "put them to death/kill them/execute them", "*nəbaʿărâ*": "remove/purge/burn out", "*'ābû*": "were willing/consented/wanted", "*li-šmōaʿ*": "to listen/to hear/to obey", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/command" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.20.14", "source": "וַיֵּאָסְפ֧וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֛ן מִן־הֶעָרִ֖ים הַגִּבְעָ֑תָה לָצֵ֥את לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה עִם־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-yē'āsəpû bənê-binyāmin min-he-ʿārîm ha-ggibʿātâ lā-ṣē't la-mmiḥāmâ ʿim-bənê yiśrā'ēl*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yē'āsəpû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they were gathered", "*bənê-binyāmin*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Benjamin", "*min-he-ʿārîm*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - from the cities", "*ha-ggibʿātâ*": "definite article + proper noun + directional heh - to Gibeah", "*lā-ṣē't*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to go out", "*la-mmiḥāmâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the battle", "*ʿim-bənê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - with sons of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yē'āsəpû*": "gathered themselves/assembled/came together", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns", "*gibʿātâ*": "to Gibeah (place name)", "*lā-ṣē't*": "to go out/to come out/to proceed", "*miḥāmâ*": "battle/war/fighting" } } 15 { "verseID": "Judges.20.15", "source": "וַיִּתְפָּֽקְדוּ֩ בְנֵ֨י בִנְיָמִ֜ן בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ מֵהֶ֣עָרִ֔ים עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְשִׁשָּׁ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ שֹׁ֣לֵֽף חָ֑רֶב לְ֠בַד מִיֹּשְׁבֵ֤י הַגִּבְעָה֙ הִתְפָּ֣קְד֔וּ שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אִ֥ישׁ בָּחֽוּר׃", "text": "*wə-yitpāqədû bənê binyāmin ba-yyôm ha-hû' mē-he-ʿārîm ʿeśrîm wə-šiššâ 'elep 'îš šōlēp ḥāreb; lə-bad mi-yyōšəbê ha-ggibʿâ hitpāqədû šəbaʿ mē'ôt 'îš bāḥûr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yitpāqədû*": "conjunction + Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they mustered themselves", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*ba-yyôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the day", "*ha-hû'*": "definite article + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - that", "*mē-he-ʿārîm*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - from the cities", "*ʿeśrîm*": "number - twenty", "*wə-šiššâ*": "conjunction + number - and six", "*'elep*": "masculine singular noun - thousand", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*šōlēp*": "Qal participle masculine singular - drawing", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*lə-bad*": "preposition + noun - apart from", "*mi-yyōšəbê*": "preposition + Qal participle masculine plural construct - from inhabitants of", "*ha-ggibʿâ*": "definite article + proper noun - the Gibeah", "*hitpāqədû*": "Hithpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they mustered themselves", "*šəbaʿ*": "number - seven", "*mē'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - hundreds", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*bāḥûr*": "masculine singular adjective - chosen/elite" }, "variants": { "*yitpāqədû*": "mustered themselves/were numbered/were counted", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*šōlēp ḥāreb*": "drawing sword/armed with sword/skilled with sword", "*lə-bad*": "apart from/besides/separately from", "*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants/residents/dwellers", "*hitpāqədû*": "mustered themselves/were numbered/were counted", "*bāḥûr*": "chosen/select/elite/young warrior" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.20.16", "source": "מִכֹּ֣ל ׀ הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֗ה שְׁבַ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ אִ֣ישׁ בָּח֔וּר אִטֵּ֖ר יַד־יְמִינ֑וֹ כָּל־זֶ֗ה קֹלֵ֧עַ בָּאֶ֛בֶן אֶל־הַֽשַּׂעֲרָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א יַחֲטִֽא׃ פ", "text": "From *kōl* the *ʿām* the *zeh* seven hundred *ʾîš* *bāḥûr* *ʾiṭṭēr* *yad*-*yəmînô* all-*zeh* *qōlēʿa* with-the-*ʾeben* to-the-*śaʿărâ* *wə*-not *yaḥăṭiʾ*.", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "construct state, masculine, singular - all of/every", "*ʿām*": "definite, masculine, singular - people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative, masculine, singular - this", "*ʾîš*": "masculine, singular - man", "*bāḥûr*": "masculine, singular, adjective - chosen/select", "*ʾiṭṭēr*": "masculine, singular, adjective - bound/restricted", "*yad*": "construct state, feminine, singular - hand of", "*yəmînô*": "feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his right", "*qōlēʿa*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - slinging/throwing", "*ʾeben*": "feminine, singular - stone", "*śaʿărâ*": "feminine, singular - hair/hairbreadth", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaḥăṭiʾ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - would miss" }, "variants": { "*ʾiṭṭēr*": "restricted/bound/impeded", "*yad-yəmînô*": "right-handed/his right hand", "*qōlēʿa*": "slinger/one who slings", "*śaʿărâ*": "hair/hairbreadth/very small target", "*yaḥăṭiʾ*": "miss/fail/sin" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.20.17", "source": "וְאִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הִתְפָּֽקְד֗וּ לְבַד֙ מִבִּנְיָמִ֔ן אַרְבַּ֨ע מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ שֹׁ֣לֵֽף חָ֑רֶב כָּל־זֶ֖ה אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʾîš* *Yiśrāʾēl* *hitpāqədû* *ləḇad* from-*Binyāmin* four hundred thousand *ʾîš* *šōlēp̄* *ḥāreḇ* all-*zeh* *ʾîš* *milḥāmâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾîš*": "construct state, masculine, singular - men of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hitpāqədû*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd person plural - mustered themselves/were numbered", "*ləḇad*": "preposition + noun - apart/separately", "*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*šōlēp̄*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - drawing", "*ḥāreḇ*": "feminine, singular - sword", "*zeh*": "demonstrative, masculine, singular - this", "*milḥāmâ*": "feminine, singular - war/battle" }, "variants": { "*hitpāqədû*": "mustered themselves/were counted/were enrolled", "*ləḇad*": "apart from/separately/besides", "*šōlēp̄ ḥāreḇ*": "drawing sword/equipped with sword/armed with sword", "*ʾîš milḥāmâ*": "man of war/warrior/soldier" } }