13{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.13",
"source": "גַּם־זֹ֛ה רָאִ֥יתִי חָכְמָ֖ה תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ וּגְדוֹלָ֥ה הִ֖יא אֵלָֽי׃",
"text": "Also-*zōh* *rāʾîtî* *ḥokmâ* *taḥat* the-*šāmeš* and-*gĕdôlâ* she to-me.",
"grammar": {
"*zōh*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this",
"*rāʾîtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I saw",
"*ḥokmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wisdom",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath",
"*šāmeš*": "noun, feminine singular with article - the sun",
"*gĕdôlâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/significant",
"*ʾēlāy*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me"
},
"variants": {
"*zōh*": "this/this instance",
"*rāʾîtî*": "I saw/I observed/I witnessed",
"*ḥokmâ*": "wisdom/insight/understanding",
"*taḥat ha-šāmeš*": "under the sun/in this world",
"*gĕdôlâ*": "great/significant/impressive",
"*ʾēlāy*": "to me/in my estimation/in my eyes"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.14",
"source": "עִ֣יר קְטַנָּ֔ה וַאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בָּ֖הּ מְעָ֑ט וּבָֽא־אֵלֶ֜יהָ מֶ֤לֶךְ גָּדוֹל֙ וְסָבַ֣ב אֹתָ֔הּ וּבָנָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ מְצוֹדִ֥ים גְּדֹלִֽים׃",
"text": "*ʿîr* *qĕṭannâ* and-*ʾănāšîm* in-her *mĕʿāṭ* and-*bāʾ*-to-her *melek* *gādôl* and-*sābab* her and-*bānâ* against-her *mĕṣôdîm* *gĕdōlîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city",
"*qĕṭannâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - small",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men",
"*mĕʿāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few",
"*bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - came/went",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king",
"*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/powerful",
"*sābab*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - surrounded",
"*bānâ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - built",
"*mĕṣôdîm*": "noun, masculine plural - siegeworks",
"*gĕdōlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - great/large"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿîr qĕṭannâ*": "small city/little town",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/inhabitants",
"*mĕʿāṭ*": "few/small number",
"*bāʾ*": "came/went/approached",
"*melek gādôl*": "great king/powerful ruler",
"*sābab*": "surrounded/encircled/besieged",
"*bānâ*": "built/constructed/erected",
"*mĕṣôdîm gĕdōlîm*": "great siegeworks/large bulwarks/mighty fortifications"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.15",
"source": "וּמָ֣צָא בָ֗הּ אִ֤ישׁ מִסְכֵּן֙ חָכָ֔ם וּמִלַּט־ה֥וּא אֶת־הָעִ֖יר בְּחָכְמָת֑וֹ וְאָדָם֙ לֹ֣א זָכַ֔ר אֶת־הָאִ֥ישׁ הַמִּסְכֵּ֖ן הַהּֽוּא׃",
"text": "And-*māṣāʾ* in-her *ʾîš* *miskēn* *ḥākām* and-*millaṭ*-he *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* in-*ḥokmātô*; and-*ʾādām* not *zākar* *ʾet*-the-*ʾîš* the-*miskēn* the-that.",
"grammar": {
"*māṣāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - found",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*miskēn*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor",
"*ḥākām*": "adjective, masculine singular - wise",
"*millaṭ*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - delivered/saved",
"*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with article - the city",
"*ḥokmātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wisdom",
"*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/people",
"*zākar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - remembered",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the man",
"*miskēn*": "adjective, masculine singular with article - the poor",
"*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that"
},
"variants": {
"*māṣāʾ*": "found/discovered/happened upon",
"*ʾîš miskēn ḥākām*": "poor wise man/lowly but wise person",
"*miskēn*": "poor/lowly/needy/wretched",
"*millaṭ*": "delivered/saved/rescued",
"*ḥokmātô*": "his wisdom/his insight/his understanding",
"*ʾādām*": "mankind/people/no one",
"*zākar*": "remembered/recalled/thought about"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.16",
"source": "וְאָמַ֣רְתִּי אָ֔נִי טוֹבָ֥ה חָכְמָ֖ה מִגְּבוּרָ֑ה וְחָכְמַ֤ת הַמִּסְכֵּן֙ בְּזוּיָ֔ה וּדְבָרָ֖יו אֵינָ֥ם נִשְׁמָעִֽים׃",
"text": "And-*ʾāmartî* I: *ṭôbâ* *ḥokmâ* from-*gĕbûrâ*; and-*ḥokmat* the-*miskēn* *bĕzûyâ* and-*dĕbārāyw* not-they *nišmāʿîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said",
"*ṭôbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - good/better",
"*ḥokmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wisdom",
"*gĕbûrâ*": "noun, feminine singular - strength/might",
"*ḥokmat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wisdom of",
"*miskēn*": "adjective, masculine singular with article - the poor",
"*bĕzûyâ*": "verb, qal passive participle, feminine singular - despised",
"*dĕbārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his words",
"*nišmāʿîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - being heard"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmartî*": "I said/I thought/I declared",
"*ṭôbâ ḥokmâ*": "wisdom is better/wisdom is preferable",
"*gĕbûrâ*": "strength/might/power",
"*ḥokmat ha-miskēn*": "wisdom of the poor man/poor man's wisdom",
"*bĕzûyâ*": "despised/scorned/held in contempt",
"*dĕbārāyw*": "his words/his sayings/his advice",
"*nišmāʿîm*": "being heard/being listened to/being heeded"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.17",
"source": "דִּבְרֵ֣י חֲכָמִ֔ים בְּנַ֖חַת נִשְׁמָעִ֑ים מִזַּעֲקַ֥ת מוֹשֵׁ֖ל בַּכְּסִילִֽים׃",
"text": "*Dibrê* *ḥăkāmîm* in-*naḥat* *nišmāʿîm* from-*zaʿăqat* *môšēl* in-the-*kĕsîlîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of",
"*ḥăkāmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wise ones",
"*naḥat*": "noun, masculine singular - quietness/calmness",
"*nišmāʿîm*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - are heard",
"*zaʿăqat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - shouting of",
"*môšēl*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - ruling/dominating",
"*kĕsîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural with article - the fools"
},
"variants": {
"*dibrê ḥăkāmîm*": "words of the wise/wise men's sayings",
"*naḥat*": "quietness/calmness/gentleness/tranquility",
"*nišmāʿîm*": "are heard/are heeded/are listened to",
"*zaʿăqat*": "shouting/crying out/loud cry",
"*môšēl*": "ruler/leader/one who rules",
"*kĕsîlîm*": "fools/stupid ones/senseless people"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Ecclesiastes.9.18",
"source": "טוֹבָ֥ה חָכְמָ֖ה מִכְּלֵ֣י קְרָ֑ב וְחוֹטֶ֣א אֶחָ֔ד יְאַבֵּ֥ד טוֹבָ֖ה הַרְבֵּֽה׃",
"text": "*Ṭôbâ* *ḥokmâ* from-*kĕlê* *qĕrāb*; and-*ḥôṭēʾ* *ʾeḥād* *yĕʾabbēd* *ṭôbâ* *harbēh*.",
"grammar": {
"*ṭôbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - good/better",
"*ḥokmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wisdom",
"*kĕlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - weapons/tools of",
"*qĕrāb*": "noun, masculine singular - battle/war",
"*ḥôṭēʾ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - sinning/erring",
"*ʾeḥād*": "adjective, masculine singular - one",
"*yĕʾabbēd*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - destroys",
"*ṭôbâ*": "noun, feminine singular - good/goodness",
"*harbēh*": "adjective, masculine singular - much/many"
},
"variants": {
"*ṭôbâ ḥokmâ*": "wisdom is better/wisdom is preferable",
"*kĕlê qĕrāb*": "weapons of war/instruments of battle",
"*ḥôṭēʾ*": "sinner/one who errs/one who makes a mistake",
"*ʾeḥād*": "one/single",
"*yĕʾabbēd*": "destroys/ruins/causes to perish",
"*ṭôbâ harbēh*": "much good/great benefit"
}
}