Exodus 34:28

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.34.28", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִי־שָׁ֣ם עִם־יְהוָ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔ל וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א שָׁתָ֑ה וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֗ת אֵ֚ת דִּבְרֵ֣י הַבְּרִ֔ית עֲשֶׂ֖רֶת הַדְּבָרִֽים׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî*-there with-*YHWH* *ʾarbāʿîm* *yôm* *wə-ʾarbāʿîm* *laylāh* *leḥem* *lōʾ* *ʾākal* *û-mayim* *lōʾ* *šātāh* *wa-yiktōb* on-*ha-luḥōt* *ʾēt* *dibrê* *ha-bərît* *ʿăśeret* *ha-dəbārîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*wə-ʾarbāʿîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and forty", "*laylāh*": "masculine singular - night", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular - bread", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾākal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he ate", "*û-mayim*": "conjunction + masculine plural - and water", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šātāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he drank", "*wa-yiktōb*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote", "*ha-luḥōt*": "definite article + feminine plural - the tablets", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dibrê*": "masculine plural construct - words of", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + feminine singular - the covenant", "*ʿăśeret*": "feminine singular construct - ten of", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the words" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "was/existed/remained", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*ʾākal*": "ate/consumed/devoured", "*šātāh*": "drank/consumed", "*yiktōb*": "wrote/inscribed/recorded", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/plates", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things of", "*ʿăśeret*": "ten/decade", "*dəbārîm*": "words/commandments/sayings" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וֽ͏ַיְהִי־שָׁ֣ם עִם־יְהוָ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔ל וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א שָׁתָ֑ה וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֗ת אֵ֚ת דִּבְרֵ֣י הַבְּרִ֔ית עֲשֶׂ֖רֶת הַדְּבָרִֽים׃

Transliteration

wa-yəhî-there with-YHWH ʾarbāʿîm yôm wə-ʾarbāʿîm laylāh leḥem lōʾ ʾākal û-mayim lōʾ šātāh wa-yiktōb on-ha-luḥōt ʾēt dibrê ha-bərît ʿăśeret ha-dəbārîm

Grammar Details

• *wa-yəhî*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was
• *YHWH*: proper name - Yahweh/LORD
• *ʾarbāʿîm*: cardinal number - forty
• *yôm*: masculine singular - day
• *wə-ʾarbāʿîm*: conjunction + cardinal number - and forty
• *laylāh*: masculine singular - night
• *leḥem*: masculine singular - bread
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *ʾākal*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he ate
• *û-mayim*: conjunction + masculine plural - and water
• *šātāh*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he drank
• *wa-yiktōb*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote
• *ha-luḥōt*: definite article + feminine plural - the tablets
• *ʾēt*: direct object marker
• *dibrê*: masculine plural construct - words of
• *ha-bərît*: definite article + feminine singular - the covenant
• *ʿăśeret*: feminine singular construct - ten of
• *ha-dəbārîm*: definite article + masculine plural - the words

Word Meanings

• *yəhî*: was/existed/remained
• *leḥem*: bread/food
• *ʾākal*: ate/consumed/devoured
• *šātāh*: drank/consumed
• *yiktōb*: wrote/inscribed/recorded
• *luḥōt*: tablets/plates
• *dibrê*: words/matters/things of
• *ʿăśeret*: ten/decade
• *dəbārîm*: words/commandments/sayings

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Moses was there with the LORD for forty days and forty nights. He did not eat any bread or drink any water, and he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant—the Ten Commandments.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread nor drank water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the Ten Commandments.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he was there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And he was there with the Lorde.xl. dayes ad.xl. nyghtes, ad nether ate bred nor dronke water. And he wrote in the tables the wordes of the couenaunt: euen ten verses.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And he was there with the LORDE fourtye dayes and fourtye nightes, and ate no bred, and dranke no water. And he wrote in the tables the wordes of the couenaut, euen ten verses.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So hee was there with the Lorde fourtie dayes and fourtie nights, and did neither eat bread nor drinke water: and hee wrote in the Tables the wordes of the couenant, euen the tenne commandements.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And he was there with the Lorde fourtie dayes and fourtie nyghtes, and dyd neither eate bread, nor drinke water: and he wrote vpon the tables the wordes of the couenaunt, euen ten commaundementes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread, nor drank water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And he is there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; bread he hath not eaten, and water he hath not drunk; and he writeth on the tables the matters of the covenant -- the ten matters.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he was there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he was there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And for forty days and forty nights Moses was there with the Lord, and in that time he had no food or drink. And he put in writing on the stones the words of the agreement, the ten rules of the law.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread, nor drank water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did not eat bread, and he did not drink water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 34:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה פְּסָל־לְךָ֛ שְׁנֵֽי־לֻחֹ֥ת אֲבָנִ֖ים כָּרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים וְכָתַבְתִּי֙ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֔ת אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֛וּ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֥ת הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שִׁבַּֽרְתָּ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to *Mōšeh*, *pəsāl* for yourself two *luḥōt* *ʾăḇānîm* like the first ones, and I will *wəkātaḇtî* upon the *luḥōt* *ʾet*-the *dəḇārîm* which *hāyû* upon the *luḥōt* the first ones which you *šibbartā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*pəsāl*": "imperative masculine singular - cut/carve/hew", "*luḥōt*": "construct state plural noun - tablets/tables", "*ʾăḇānîm*": "feminine plural noun - stones", "*wəkātaḇtî*": "waw consecutive + perfect 1st singular - and I will write", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - words/things/matters", "*hāyû*": "perfect 3rd plural - they were", "*šibbartā*": "perfect 2nd masculine singular - you broke" }, "variants": { "*pəsāl*": "cut/carve/chisel/hew", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/tables/boards", "*dəḇārîm*": "words/matters/things/commandments" } }
• Deut 4:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.13", "source": "וַיַּגֵּ֨ד לָכֶ֜ם אֶת־בְּרִית֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה אֶתְכֶם֙ לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת עֲשֶׂ֖רֶת הַדְּבָרִ֑ים וַֽיִּכְתְּבֵ֔ם עַל־שְׁנֵ֖י לֻח֥וֹת אֲבָנִֽים", "text": "And-*wayyaggēd* to-you *ʾet*-his-*bᵉrîtô* which *ṣiwwâ* *ʾetkhem* to-*laʿăśôt*, *ʿăśeret* the-*dᵉbārîm*, and-*wayyiktᵉbēm* upon-*shᵉnê* *luḥôt* *ʾăbānîm*", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*yyaggēd*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, third person masculine singular - he declared", "*lākem*": "preposition with second person masculine plural suffix - to you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵉrîtô*": "noun, feminine singular with third person masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ṣiwwâ*": "verb, piel perfect, third person masculine singular - he commanded", "*ʾetkhem*": "direct object marker with second person masculine plural suffix - you", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition with infinitive construct, qal - to do/perform", "*ʿăśeret*": "cardinal number, feminine construct - ten of", "*dᵉbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things", "*wayyiktᵉbēm*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect, third person masculine singular with third person masculine plural suffix - and he wrote them", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*shᵉnê*": "cardinal number, masculine dual construct - two of", "*luḥôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - stones" }, "variants": { "*yyaggēd*": "he declared/he told/he announced", "*bᵉrîtô*": "his covenant/his agreement/his treaty", "*ṣiwwâ*": "he commanded/he ordered/he instructed", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/to perform/to practice", "*ʿăśeret*": "ten/tenth", "*dᵉbārîm*": "words/sayings/commandments", "*wayyiktᵉbēm*": "and he wrote them/and he inscribed them", "*luḥôt*": "tablets/plates/boards", "*ʾăbānîm*": "stones/rocks" } }
• Exod 24:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.18", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֥א מֹשֶׁ֛ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הֶעָנָ֖ן וַיַּ֣עַל אֶל־הָהָ֑ר וַיְהִ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ בָּהָ֔ר אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם וְאַרְבָּעִ֖ים לָֽיְלָה׃", "text": "*wayyābōʾ* *Mōšeh* *bətôk* *heʿānān* *wayyaʿal* *ʾel*-*hāhār* *wayəhî* *Mōšeh* *bāhār* *ʾarbāʿîm* *yôm* *wə-ʾarbāʿîm* *lāylāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he entered", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bətôk*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in midst of", "*heʿānān*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the cloud", "*wayyaʿal*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he went up", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*hāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mountain", "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he was", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bāhār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - on the mountain", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "numeral - forty", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*wə-ʾarbāʿîm*": "conjunction + numeral - and forty", "*lāylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night" }, "variants": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "entered/came/went", "*bətôk*": "in midst of/inside/within", "*wayyaʿal*": "went up/ascended/climbed", "*wayəhî*": "was/remained/stayed" } }
• Exod 31:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.31.18", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה כְּכַלֹּתוֹ֙ לְדַבֵּ֤ר אִתּוֹ֙ בְּהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י שְׁנֵ֖י לֻחֹ֣ת הָעֵדֻ֑ת לֻחֹ֣ת אֶ֔בֶן כְּתֻבִ֖ים בְּאֶצְבַּ֥ע אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And *wə-* *nātan* unto-*Mōšê* as-*kālâ*-his to-*dābar* with-him in-*har* *Sînay* two *lûḥōt* the-*ʿēdût* *lûḥōt* *ʾeben* *kātab* by-*ʾeṣbaʿ* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with sequential *wə* - and he gave", "*Mōšê*": "proper noun with directional preposition *ʾel* - unto Moses", "*kālâ*": "piel infinitive construct with preposition *kə* and 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he finished", "*dābar*": "piel infinitive construct with preposition *lə* - to speak", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *bə* - in mountain of", "*Sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai", "*lûḥōt*": "noun, masculine dual construct - tablets of", "*ʿēdût*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the testimony", "*lûḥōt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*kātab*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - written", "*ʾeṣbaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with preposition *bə* - with finger of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "gave/delivered/provided", "*kālâ*": "finished/completed/ended", "*dābar*": "speak/talk/commune", "*lûḥōt*": "tablets/tables/slabs", "*ʿēdût*": "testimony/witness/evidence", "*kātab*": "written/inscribed/engraved", "*ʾeṣbaʿ*": "finger/digit", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being" } }
• Exod 32:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.32.16", "source": "וְהַ֨לֻּחֹ֔ת מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים הֵ֑מָּה וְהַמִּכְתָּ֗ב מִכְתַּ֤ב אֱלֹהִים֙ ה֔וּא חָר֖וּת עַל־הַלֻּחֹֽת׃", "text": "And-the-*luchot* *ma'aseh* *'Elohim* *hemah* and-the-*miktav* *miktav* *'Elohim* *hu* *charut* on-the-*luchot*.", "grammar": { "*luchot*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the tablets", "*ma'aseh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work/handiwork of", "*'Elohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*hemah*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they", "*miktav*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the writing", "*miktav*": "noun, masculine singular construct - writing of", "*'Elohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*hu*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - it/he", "*charut*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - engraved", "*luchot*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the tablets" }, "variants": { "*ma'aseh*": "work/handiwork/product", "*'Elohim*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*miktav*": "writing/inscription", "*charut*": "engraved/carved/inscribed" } }
• Deut 9:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.9", "source": "בַּעֲלֹתִ֣י הָהָ֗רָה לָקַ֜חַת לוּחֹ֤ת הָֽאֲבָנִים֙ לוּחֹ֣ת הַבְּרִ֔ית אֲשֶׁר־כָּרַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה עִמָּכֶ֑ם וָאֵשֵׁ֣ב בָּהָ֗ר אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔לְתִּי וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֥א שָׁתִֽיתִי׃", "text": "In-*ʿălōtî* the-*hāhārâ* *lāqaḥat* *lûḥōt* the-*ʾăbānîm* *lûḥōt* the-*bĕrît* which-*kārat* *YHWH* with-you *wāʾēšēb* in-the-*hār* forty *yôm* and-forty *laylâ* *leḥem* not *ʾākaltî* and-*mayim* not *šātîtî*", "grammar": { "*ʿălōtî*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - my going up", "*hāhārâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional he - to the mountain", "*lāqaḥat*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to take", "*lûḥōt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the stones", "*lûḥōt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the covenant", "*kārat*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he cut/made", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wāʾēšēb*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I stayed", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition bet - in the mountain", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾākaltî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I ate", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*šātîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I drank" }, "variants": { "*ʿălōtî*": "my going up/my ascending/my climbing", "*lāqaḥat*": "to take/to receive/to fetch", "*lûḥōt*": "tablets/slabs/boards", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established", "*wāʾēšēb*": "I stayed/I remained/I dwelt", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance" } }
• Deut 9:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.18", "source": "וָֽאֶתְנַפַּל֩ לִפְנֵ֨י יְהוָ֜ה כָּרִאשֹׁנָ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔לְתִּי וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א שָׁתִ֑יתִי עַ֤ל כָּל־חַטַּאתְכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֲטָאתֶ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wāʾetnappal* before *YHWH* as-the-*riʾšōnâ* forty *yôm* and-forty *laylâ* *leḥem* not *ʾākaltî* and-*mayim* not *šātîtî* on all-*ḥaṭṭaʾtkem* which *ḥăṭāʾtem* *laʿăśôt* the-*raʿ* in-*ʿênê* *YHWH* *lĕhakʿîsô*", "grammar": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I fell down", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*riʾšōnâ*": "adjective, feminine singular with definite article and preposition kaf - as the first", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾākaltî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I ate", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*šātîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I drank", "*ḥaṭṭaʾtkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sin", "*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you sinned", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhakʿîsô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke him to anger" }, "variants": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "I fell down/I prostrated myself/I threw myself down", "*riʾšōnâ*": "first/former/previous", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ḥaṭṭaʾtkem*": "your sin/your transgression/your offense", "*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "you sinned/you transgressed/you offended", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/to commit/to perform", "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/bad", "*lĕhakʿîsô*": "to provoke him to anger/to irritate him/to vex him" } }
• Deut 9:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.25", "source": "וָֽאֶתְנַפַּ֞ל לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣ת אַרְבָּעִ֥ים הַיּ֛וֹם וְאֶת־אַרְבָּעִ֥ים הַלַּ֖יְלָה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי כִּֽי־אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה לְהַשְׁמִ֥יד אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wāʾetnappal* before *YHWH* *ʾēt* forty the-*yôm* and-*ʾet*-forty the-*laylâ* which *hitnapāltî* for-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *lĕhašmîd* you", "grammar": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I fell down", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the night", "*hitnapāltî*": "verb, hitpael perfect 1st person singular - I had fallen down", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy" }, "variants": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "I fell down/I prostrated myself/I threw myself down", "*hitnapāltî*": "I had fallen down/I had prostrated myself/I had thrown myself down", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*lĕhašmîd*": "to destroy/to annihilate/to exterminate" } }
• Deut 10:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.10.2", "source": "וְאֶכְתֹּב֙ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֔ת אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֛וּ עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֥ת הָרִאשֹׁנִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁבַּ֑רְתָּ וְשַׂמְתָּ֖ם בָּאָרֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *wəʾektōb* upon the *lûḥōt* *ʾet* the *dəbārîm* *ʾăšer* *hāyû* upon the *lûḥōt* the *rîʾšōnîm* *ʾăšer* *šibbartā* and *wəśamtām* in the *ʾārôn*", "grammar": { "*wəʾektōb*": "qal imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - I will write", "*lûḥōt*": "masculine plural with definite article - tablets", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - words/matters", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - were/existed", "*rîʾšōnîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - first/former", "*šibbartā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you broke/shattered", "*wəśamtām*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix and waw consecutive - and you shall put them", "*ʾārôn*": "masculine singular with definite article - ark/chest" }, "variants": { "*kātab*": "write/inscribe", "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things/commands", "*hāyāh*": "be/exist/happen", "*šābar*": "break/shatter/crush", "*śîm*": "put/place/set" } } 3 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.10.3", "source": "וָאַ֤עַשׂ אֲרוֹן֙ עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֔ים וָאֶפְסֹ֛ל שְׁנֵי־לֻחֹ֥ת אֲבָנִ֖ים כָּרִאשֹׁנִ֑ים וָאַ֣עַל הָהָ֔רָה וּשְׁנֵ֥י הַלֻּחֹ֖ת בְּיָדִֽי׃", "text": "And *wāʾaʿaś* *ʾărôn* *ʿăṣê* *šiṭṭîm* and *wāʾepsōl* two *lûḥōt* *ʾăbānîm* like the *rîʾšōnîm* and *wāʾaʿal* the *hāhārâ* and two the *lûḥōt* in *yādî*", "grammar": { "*wāʾaʿaś*": "qal imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - I made", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark/chest", "*ʿăṣê*": "masculine plural construct - woods of", "*šiṭṭîm*": "feminine plural - acacia", "*wāʾepsōl*": "qal imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - I carved", "*lûḥōt*": "masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "feminine plural - stones", "*rîʾšōnîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - first/former", "*wāʾaʿal*": "qal imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - I went up", "*hāhārâ*": "masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the mountain", "*yādî*": "feminine singular with 1st singular possessive suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśāh*": "make/do/produce", "*šiṭṭîm*": "acacia (wood)/spines", "*pāsal*": "carve/cut/hew", "*ʿālāh*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*yād*": "hand/power" } } 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.10.4", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֨ב עַֽל־הַלֻּחֹ֜ת כַּמִּכְתָּ֣ב הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן אֵ֚ת עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֲלֵיכֶ֥ם בָּהָ֛ר מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵ֖שׁ בְּי֣וֹם הַקָּהָ֑ל וַיִּתְּנֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "And *wayyiktōb* upon the *lûḥōt* like the *miktāb* the *rîʾšôn* *ʾēt* ten the *dəbārîm* *ʾăšer* *dibber* *YHWH* unto you in the *hār* from *tôk* the *ʾēš* in *yôm* the *qāhāl* and *wayyitənēm* *YHWH* unto me", "grammar": { "*wayyiktōb*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he wrote", "*lûḥōt*": "masculine plural with definite article - tablets", "*miktāb*": "masculine singular with prefixed preposition kaph and definite article - writing/inscription", "*rîʾšôn*": "masculine singular with definite article - first/former", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - words/matters", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hār*": "masculine singular with definite article and prefixed preposition bet - in the mountain", "*tôk*": "masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from midst of", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular with definite article - fire", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition bet - in day of", "*qāhāl*": "masculine singular with definite article - assembly/congregation", "*wayyitənēm*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix and waw consecutive - and he gave them" }, "variants": { "*kātab*": "write/inscribe", "*miktāb*": "writing/inscription/script", "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things/commandments", "*dibber*": "speak/talk/command", "*tôk*": "midst/middle/among", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/meeting", "*nātan*": "give/put/place" } }
• 2 Cor 3:7 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.3.7", "source": "Εἰ δὲ ἡ διακονία τοῦ θανάτου ἐν γράμμασιν, ἐντετυπωμένη ἐν λίθοις, ἐγενήθη ἐν δόξῃ, ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι ἀτενίσαι τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραὴλ εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον Μωϋσέως διὰ τὴν δόξαν τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ· τὴν καταργουμένην:", "text": "*Ei de* the *diakonia* of the *thanatou* in *grammasin*, *entetypōmenē* in *lithois*, *egenēthē* in *doxē*, so that not *dynasthai atenisai* the *hyious Israēl* into the *prosōpon* of *Mōuseōs* because of the *doxan* of the *prosōpou* of him; the *katargoumenēn*:", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*diakonia*": "noun, nominative singular feminine - ministry/service", "*thanatou*": "noun, genitive singular masculine - of death", "*grammasin*": "noun, dative plural neuter - in letters/writings", "*entetypōmenē*": "perfect passive participle, nominative singular feminine - having been engraved", "*lithois*": "noun, dative plural masculine - in stones", "*egenēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - became/was made", "*doxē*": "noun, dative singular feminine - in glory", "*dynasthai*": "present middle/passive infinitive - to be able", "*atenisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to gaze intently", "*hyious*": "noun, accusative plural masculine - sons", "*Israēl*": "proper noun, genitive singular - of Israel", "*prosōpon*": "noun, accusative singular neuter - face", "*Mōuseōs*": "proper noun, genitive singular masculine - of Moses", "*doxan*": "noun, accusative singular feminine - glory", "*prosōpou*": "noun, genitive singular neuter - of face", "*katargoumenēn*": "present passive participle, accusative singular feminine - being brought to an end/abolished" }, "variants": { "*diakonia*": "ministry/service/administration", "*thanatou*": "death/mortality", "*grammasin*": "letters/writings/documents", "*entetypōmenē*": "engraved/imprinted/inscribed", "*egenēthē*": "became/was made/came to be", "*doxē*": "glory/splendor/honor", "*dynasthai*": "to be able/can/have power", "*atenisai*": "to gaze intently/stare at/look steadily", "*prosōpon*": "face/countenance/presence", "*katargoumenēn*": "being brought to an end/abolished/nullified/fading" } }