26 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.26",
"source": "וָאֲטַמֵּ֤א אוֹתָם֙ בְּמַתְּנוֹתָ֔ם בְּהַעֲבִ֖יר כָּל־פֶּ֣טֶר רָ֑חַם לְמַ֣עַן אֲשִׁמֵּ֔ם לְמַ֙עַן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵֽדְע֔וּ אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה",
"text": "And *ʾaṭammēʾ* them in their *mattənôtām*, in *haʿăbîr* all *peṭer rāḥam*, in order that I *ʾăšimmēm*, in order that they *yēdəʿû* that *ʾănî* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾaṭammēʾ*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular - and I defiled/made unclean",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*bə-mattənôtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their gifts",
"*bə-haʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - in causing to pass over",
"*kol-peṭer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all first opening of",
"*rāḥam*": "noun, masculine singular - womb",
"*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that",
"*ʾăšimmēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I would devastate them",
"*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that",
"*yēdəʿû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they would know",
"*ʾăšer*": "conjunction - that",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾaṭammēʾ*": "defiled, made unclean, rendered impure",
"*mattənôtām*": "their gifts, their offerings, their presents",
"*haʿăbîr*": "causing to pass over/through (often refers to child sacrifice)",
"*peṭer rāḥam*": "first opening of the womb, firstborn",
"*ʾăšimmēm*": "devastate them, make them desolate, horrify them",
"*yēdəʿû*": "know, recognize, acknowledge",
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.27",
"source": "לָכֵ֞ן דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶל־בֵּ֤ית יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בֶּן־אָדָ֔ם וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה ע֗וֹד זֹ֚את גִּדְּפ֤וּ אוֹתִי֙ אֲב֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֥ם בִּ֖י מָֽעַל",
"text": "Therefore *dabbēr* to the *bêt yiśrāʾēl* *ben-ʾādām*, and *ʾāmartā* to them, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: yet in this *giddĕpû* me your *ʾăbôtêkem*, in their *maʿălām* against me *māʿal*",
"grammar": {
"*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore, thus",
"*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - speak!",
"*ʾel-bêt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to the house of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ben-ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - son of man",
"*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus, so",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix (used as divine title) - my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - yet, still, again",
"*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this",
"*giddĕpû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they blasphemed",
"*ʾôtî*": "direct object marker with 1st person singular suffix - me",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*bə-maʿălām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their acting treacherously",
"*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me",
"*māʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - treachery"
},
"variants": {
"*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man (addressing Ezekiel)",
"*ʾădōnāy YHWH*": "the Lord YHWH/LORD (divine title and name)",
"*giddĕpû*": "blasphemed, reviled, insulted",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "your fathers, your ancestors",
"*maʿălām bî māʿal*": "acting treacherously against me with treachery (emphatic construction)"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.28",
"source": "וָאֲבִיאֵם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָשָׂ֙אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔י לָתֵ֥ת אוֹתָ֖הּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיִּרְאוּ֩ כָל־גִּבְעָ֨ה רָמָ֜ה וְכָל־עֵ֣ץ עָבֹ֗ת וַיִּזְבְּחוּ־שָׁ֤ם אֶת־זִבְחֵיהֶם֙ וַיִּתְּנוּ־שָׁם֙ כַּ֣עַס קָרְבָּנָ֔ם וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ שָׁ֗ם רֵ֚יחַ נִיח֣וֹחֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּסִּ֥יכוּ שָׁ֖ם אֶת־נִסְכֵּיהֶֽם",
"text": "And *ʾăbîʾēm* to the *ʾāreṣ* which *nāśāʾtî* my *yādî* to give it to them, and they *yirʾû* every *gibʿāh rāmāh* and every *ʿēṣ ʿābōt* and they *yizbəḥû* there their *zibḥêhem* and they *yittənû* there the *kaʿas* of their *qorbānām* and they *yāśîmû* there the *rêaḥ* of their *nîḥôḥêhem* and they *yassîkû* there their *niskêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾăbîʾēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I brought them",
"*ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I lifted/raised",
"*ʾet-yādî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*lātēt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to give",
"*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*wa-yirʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw",
"*kol-gibʿāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular - every hill",
"*rāmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - high",
"*wə-kol-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - and every tree",
"*ʿābōt*": "adjective, masculine singular - leafy, thick",
"*wa-yizbəḥû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they sacrificed",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʾet-zibḥêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sacrifices",
"*wa-yittənû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they gave",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*kaʿas*": "noun, masculine singular construct - provocation of",
"*qorbānām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their offering",
"*wa-yāśîmû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they placed",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*rêaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fragrance of",
"*nîḥôḥêhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soothing aroma",
"*wa-yassîkû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they poured out",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʾet-niskêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their drink offerings"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾăbîʾēm*": "I brought them, I led them",
"*nāśāʾtî yādî*": "lifted my hand (idiom for swearing an oath)",
"*gibʿāh rāmāh*": "high hill (often a place of pagan worship)",
"*ʿēṣ ʿābōt*": "leafy/thick tree (often associated with pagan worship)",
"*yizbəḥû*": "sacrificed, slaughtered ritually",
"*zibḥêhem*": "their sacrifices, their offerings",
"*kaʿas qorbānām*": "provocation of their offering (offerings that provoke anger)",
"*rêaḥ nîḥôḥêhem*": "fragrance of their soothing aroma (ritual term for acceptable sacrifice)",
"*yassîkû*": "poured out, offered libations",
"*niskêhem*": "their drink offerings, their libations"
}
}