Jas 5:1-5 : 1 {
"verseID": "James.5.1",
"source": "¶Ἄγε νῦν, οἱ πλούσιοι, κλαύσατε ὀλολύζοντες ἐπὶ ταῖς ταλαιπωρίαις ὑμῶν ταῖς ἐπερχομέναις.",
"text": "*Age nyn*, the *plousioi*, *klausate ololyzontes epi* the *talaipōriais* of you the *eperchomenais*.",
"grammar": {
"*Age*": "imperative, 2nd singular - come now/go to",
"*nyn*": "adverb - now",
"*plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rich (ones)",
"*klausate*": "aorist imperative, 2nd plural - weep/mourn",
"*ololyzontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - wailing/howling",
"*epi*": "preposition + dative - upon/over/because of",
"*talaipōriais*": "dative, feminine, plural - miseries/hardships",
"*eperchomenais*": "present participle, dative, feminine, plural - coming upon/approaching"
},
"variants": {
"*Age*": "come/come now/go to (interjection)",
"*ololyzontes*": "howling/wailing/lamenting loudly",
"*talaipōriais*": "miseries/distresses/hardships/calamities",
"*eperchomenais*": "coming upon/approaching/impending"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "James.5.2",
"source": "Ὁ πλοῦτος ὑμῶν σέσηπεν, καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια ὑμῶν σητόβρωτα γέγονεν.",
"text": "The *ploutos* of you *sesēpen*, and the *himatia* of you *sētobrōta gegonen*.",
"grammar": {
"*ploutos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wealth/riches",
"*sesēpen*": "perfect active, 3rd singular - has rotted/decayed",
"*himatia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes",
"*sētobrōta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - moth-eaten",
"*gegonen*": "perfect active, 3rd singular - have become"
},
"variants": {
"*ploutos*": "wealth/riches/abundance",
"*sesēpen*": "has rotted/decayed/putrefied (perfect tense indicating completed action with present results)",
"*himatia*": "garments/clothes/robes (often outer garments)",
"*sētobrōta*": "moth-eaten/consumed by moths"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "James.5.3",
"source": "Ὁ χρυσὸς ὑμῶν καὶ ὁ ἄργυρος κατίωται· καὶ ὁ ἰὸς αὐτῶν εἰς μαρτύριον ὑμῖν ἔσται, καὶ φάγεται τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ. Ἐθησαυρίσατε ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις.",
"text": "The *chrysos* of you and the *argyros katiōtai*; and the *ios* of them *eis martyrion* to you *estai*, and *phagetai* the *sarkas* of you as *pyr*. *Ethēsaurisate en eschatais hēmerais*.",
"grammar": {
"*chrysos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - gold",
"*argyros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - silver",
"*katiōtai*": "perfect passive, 3rd singular - has been corroded/rusted",
"*ios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - rust/corrosion/poison",
"*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/as",
"*martyrion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - testimony/witness",
"*estai*": "future middle, 3rd singular - will be",
"*phagetai*": "future middle, 3rd singular - will eat/consume",
"*sarkas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - flesh",
"*pyr*": "nominative, neuter, singular - fire",
"*Ethēsaurisate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you have stored up/treasured",
"*en*": "preposition + dative - in",
"*eschatais*": "dative, feminine, plural - last",
"*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days"
},
"variants": {
"*katiōtai*": "has been corroded/rusted/tarnished",
"*ios*": "rust/corrosion/poison/venom",
"*martyrion*": "testimony/witness/evidence",
"*phagetai*": "will eat/consume/devour",
"*sarkas*": "flesh/bodies",
"*Ethēsaurisate*": "you have stored up/treasured/hoarded",
"*eschatais hēmerais*": "last days/final days/end times"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "James.5.4",
"source": "Ἰδοὺ, ὁ μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν τῶν ἀμησάντων τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν, ὁ ἀπεστερημένος ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, κράζει: καὶ αἱ βοαὶ τῶν θερισάντων εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ εἰσεληλύθασιν.",
"text": "*Idou*, the *misthos* of the *ergatōn tōn amēsantōn* the *chōras* of you, the *apesterēmenos aph'* you, *krazei*: and the *boai tōn therisantōn eis* the *ōta Kyriou Sabaōth eiselēlythasin*.",
"grammar": {
"*Idou*": "aorist middle imperative - behold/look",
"*misthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wages/payment",
"*ergatōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - workers/laborers",
"*amēsantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having harvested/reaped",
"*chōras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - fields/lands",
"*apesterēmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been withheld/defrauded",
"*aph'*": "preposition + genitive - from/by",
"*krazei*": "present active, 3rd singular - cries out/shouts",
"*boai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - cries/shouts",
"*therisantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having harvested/reaped",
"*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/to",
"*ōta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - ears",
"*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord",
"*Sabaōth*": "genitive - of hosts/armies (untranslated Hebrew term)",
"*eiselēlythasin*": "perfect active, 3rd plural - have entered/come into"
},
"variants": {
"*Idou*": "behold/look/see",
"*misthos*": "wages/payment/reward",
"*ergatōn*": "workers/laborers",
"*amēsantōn*": "having harvested/reaped/mowed",
"*chōras*": "fields/lands/regions",
"*apesterēmenos*": "having been withheld/defrauded/kept back by fraud",
"*krazei*": "cries out/shouts/calls loudly",
"*boai*": "cries/shouts/outcries",
"*therisantōn*": "having harvested/reaped (can refer specifically to grain harvest)",
"*Sabaōth*": "of hosts/armies (Hebrew military term)"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "James.5.5",
"source": "Ἐτρυφήσατε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἐσπαταλήσατε· ἐθρέψατε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν, ὡς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σφαγῆς.",
"text": "*Etryphēsate epi tēs gēs*, and *espatālēsate*; *ethrepsate* the *kardias* of you, as *en hēmera sphagēs*.",
"grammar": {
"*Etryphēsate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you lived luxuriously/in pleasure",
"*epi*": "preposition + genitive - upon/on",
"*tēs gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the earth/land",
"*espatālēsate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you lived in self-indulgence/wantonness",
"*ethrepsate*": "aorist active, 2nd plural - you have nourished/fattened",
"*kardias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hearts",
"*en*": "preposition + dative - in",
"*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day",
"*sphagēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - slaughter/killing"
},
"variants": {
"*Etryphēsate*": "you lived luxuriously/in pleasure/delicately",
"*espatālēsate*": "you lived in self-indulgence/wantonness/sensual pleasure",
"*ethrepsate*": "you have nourished/fattened/fed",
"*kardias*": "hearts (figurative for inner self/desires)",
"*hēmera sphagēs*": "day of slaughter/killing (referring to feast day when animals are slaughtered or judgment day)"
}
}