Hosea 6:7

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Hosea.6.7", "source": "וְהֵ֕מָּה כְּאָדָ֖ם עָבְר֣וּ בְרִ֑ית שָׁ֖ם בָּ֥גְדוּ בִֽי׃", "text": "And-*hēmmāh* like-*ʾāḏām* *'āḇәrû* *bәrîṯ*; there *bāḡәḏû* against-me", "grammar": { "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*ʾāḏām*": "proper noun or collective noun - Adam/mankind", "*'āḇәrû*": "perfect, 3rd person plural - they transgressed/crossed over", "*bәrîṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*bāḡәḏû*": "perfect, 3rd person plural - they acted treacherously" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḏām*": "Adam [as proper name]/mankind/humans/a place name", "*'āḇәrû*": "they transgressed/they violated/they broke", "*bāḡәḏû*": "they acted treacherously/they dealt faithlessly/they betrayed" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהֵ֕מָּה כְּאָדָ֖ם עָבְר֣וּ בְרִ֑ית שָׁ֖ם בָּ֥גְדוּ בִֽי׃

Transliteration

And-hēmmāh like-ʾāḏām 'āḇәrû bәrîṯ; there bāḡәḏû against-me

Grammar Details

• *hēmmāh*: 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they
• *ʾāḏām*: proper noun or collective noun - Adam/mankind
• *'āḇәrû*: perfect, 3rd person plural - they transgressed/crossed over
• *bәrîṯ*: noun, feminine singular - covenant
• *bāḡәḏû*: perfect, 3rd person plural - they acted treacherously

Word Meanings

• *ʾāḏām*: Adam [as proper name]/mankind/humans/a place name
• *'āḇәrû*: they transgressed/they violated/they broke
• *bāḡәḏû*: they acted treacherously/they dealt faithlessly/they betrayed

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But they, like Adam, have transgressed the covenant; there they dealt treacherously with Me.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But they like men have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But like men they have transgressed the covenant: there they have dealt treacherously against me.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But they like men have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But they like Adam{H120} have transgressed{H5674} the covenant:{H1285} there have they dealt treacherously{H898} against me.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But they like men{H120} have transgressed{H5674}{(H8804)} the covenant{H1285}: there have they dealt treacherously{H898}{(H8804)} against me.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But euen like as Adam dyd, so haue they broken my couenaunt, and set me at naught.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But they like men haue transgressed the couenant: there haue they trespassed against me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But euen like as Adam did, so haue they broken my couenaunt, and set me at naught.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But they like men have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But they, like Adam, have broken the covenant. They were unfaithful to me, there.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And they, as Adam, transgressed a covenant, There they dealt treacherously against me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But they like Adam have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But they like Adam have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But like a man, they have gone against the agreement; there they were false to me.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But they, like Adam, have broken the covenant. They were unfaithful to me, there.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Indictments Against the Cities of Israel and Judah At Adam they broke the covenant; Oh how they were unfaithful to me!

Referenced Verses

• Hos 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.5.7", "source": "בַּיהוָ֣ה בָּגָ֔דוּ כִּֽי־בָנִ֥ים זָרִ֖ים יָלָ֑דוּ עַתָּ֛ה יֹאכְלֵ֥ם חֹ֖דֶשׁ אֶת־חֶלְקֵיהֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "Against-*YHWH* *bāḡāḏû* for-*ḇānîm* *zārîm* *yālāḏû*; *ʿattâ* *yōʾḵlēm* *ḥōḏeš* *ʾeṯ*-portions-of-them.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*bāḡāḏû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they have dealt treacherously", "*ḇānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*zārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - strange/foreign", "*yālāḏû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they have borne/begotten", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*yōʾḵlēm*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - it will devour them", "*ḥōḏeš*": "noun, masculine singular - new moon/month", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*bāḡāḏû*": "they have dealt treacherously/they have been faithless/they have betrayed", "*ḇānîm*": "children/sons", "*zārîm*": "strange/foreign/alien", "*yālāḏû*": "they have borne/they have begotten/they have given birth to", "*yōʾḵlēm*": "it will devour them/it will consume them", "*ḥōḏeš*": "new moon/month/lunar cycle" } }
• Hos 8:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.8.1", "source": "אֶל־חִכְּךָ֣ שֹׁפָ֔ר כַּנֶּ֖שֶׁר עַל־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה יַ֚עַן עָבְר֣וּ בְרִיתִ֔י וְעַל־תּוֹרָתִ֖י פָּשָֽׁעוּ׃", "text": "To *ḥikkəḵā* *šôp̄ār*, like the *nešer* against *bêṯ* *YHWH*; *yaʿan* they *ʿāḇərû* my *bərîṯî*, and against my *tôrāṯî* they have *pāšāʿû*.", "grammar": { "*ḥikkəḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your palate/mouth", "*šôp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular absolute - trumpet/ram's horn", "*nešer*": "noun, masculine, singular - eagle/vulture", "*bêṯ*": "noun, masculine, construct - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*ʿāḇərû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they transgressed/passed over", "*bərîṯî*": "noun, feminine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*tôrāṯî*": "noun, feminine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my law/instruction", "*pāšāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they rebelled/transgressed" }, "variants": { "*ḥikkəḵā*": "your palate/roof of mouth/mouth", "*šôp̄ār*": "trumpet/ram's horn/alarm", "*nešer*": "eagle/vulture (uncertain which bird of prey)", "*yaʿan*": "because/on account of", "*ʿāḇərû*": "they transgressed/passed over/violated", "*pāšāʿû*": "they rebelled/transgressed/broke faith" } }
• Gen 3:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.3.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מִ֚י הִגִּ֣יד לְךָ֔ כִּ֥י עֵירֹ֖ם אָ֑תָּה הֲמִן־הָעֵ֗ץ אֲשֶׁ֧ר צִוִּיתִ֛יךָ לְבִלְתִּ֥י אֲכָל־מִמֶּ֖נּוּ אָכָֽלְתָּ׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer*: Who *higgîd* to you that *ʿêrōm* *ʾāttāh*? From the *ʿēṣ* which *ṣiwwîtîkā* to not *ʾăkāl* from it *ʾākāltā*?", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he said", "*higgîd*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - told/declared/made known", "*ʿêrōm*": "adjective, masculine, singular - naked", "*ʾāttāh*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - tree", "*ṣiwwîtîkā*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I commanded you", "*ʾăkāl*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*ʾākāltā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have eaten" }, "variants": { "Interrogative construction": "The verse contains two questions, with the second having an interrogative prefix (הֲ/hă)" } }
• Job 31:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Job.31.33", "source": "אִם־כִּסִּ֣יתִי כְאָדָ֣ם פְּשָׁעָ֑י לִטְמ֖וֹן בְּחֻבִּ֣י עֲוֺֽנִי׃", "text": "If-*kissîtî kəʾādām pəšāʿāy* to-*ṭəmôn* in-*ḥubbî ʿăwōnî*", "grammar": { "*kissîtî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I covered", "*kəʾādām*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - like Adam/like mankind", "*pəšāʿāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my transgressions", "*ṭəmôn*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to hide", "*ḥubbî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my bosom", "*ʿăwōnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my iniquity" }, "variants": { "*kissîtî*": "I covered/I concealed/I hid", "*kəʾādām*": "like Adam/like mankind/like people", "*pəšāʿāy*": "my transgressions/my sins", "*ḥubbî*": "my bosom/my chest/my heart", "*ʿăwōnî*": "my iniquity/my guilt/my sin" } }
• Isa 24:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.5", "source": "וְהָאָ֥רֶץ חָנְפָ֖ה תַּ֣חַת יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָבְר֤וּ תוֹרֹת֙ חָ֣לְפוּ חֹ֔ק הֵפֵ֖רוּ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ḥānəpāh* *taḥat* *yōšəbehā* *kî*-*ʿābərû* *tôrōt* *ḥāləpû* *ḥōq* *hēpērû* *bərît* *ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥānəpāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is polluted/defiled", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*yōšəbehā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿābərû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have transgressed", "*tôrōt*": "common noun, feminine plural - laws/teachings/instructions", "*ḥāləpû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have violated/changed", "*ḥōq*": "common noun, masculine singular - statute/decree/ordinance", "*hēpērû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have broken", "*bərît*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "common noun, masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity" }, "variants": { "*ḥānəpāh*": "is polluted/is defiled/is profaned", "*taḥat*": "under/beneath/because of", "*ʿābərû*": "have transgressed/have violated/have passed over", "*tôrōt*": "laws/teachings/instructions", "*ḥāləpû*": "have violated/have changed/have altered", "*ḥōq*": "statute/decree/ordinance/boundary", "*hēpērû*": "have broken/have annulled/have made void", "*bərît ʿôlām*": "everlasting covenant/eternal agreement/perpetual treaty" } }
• Isa 24:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.16", "source": "מִכְּנַ֨ף הָאָ֜רֶץ זְמִרֹ֤ת שָׁמַ֙עְנוּ֙ צְבִ֣י לַצַּדִּ֔יק וָאֹמַ֛ר רָזִי־לִ֥י רָֽזִי־לִ֖י א֣וֹי לִ֑י בֹּגְדִ֣ים בָּגָ֔דוּ וּבֶ֥גֶד בּוֹגְדִ֖ים בָּגָֽדוּ׃", "text": "From-*kənap* the-*ʾāreṣ* *zəmirōt* *šāmaʿnû* *ṣəbî* to-the-*ṣaddîq* and-*ʾōmar* *rāzî*-to-me *rāzî*-to-me *ʾôy* to-me *bōgədîm* *bāgādû* and-*beged* *bôgədîm* *bāgādû*", "grammar": { "*kənap*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with preposition מ - from edge/wing of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*zəmirōt*": "common noun, feminine plural - songs", "*šāmaʿnû*": "Qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we have heard", "*ṣəbî*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - glory/beauty to", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article and preposition ל - to the righteous one", "*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I said", "*rāzî*": "common noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my leanness/secret/wasting", "*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe", "*bōgədîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - treacherous ones", "*bāgādû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have dealt treacherously", "*beged*": "common noun, masculine singular - treachery", "*bôgədîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - treacherous ones", "*bāgādû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have dealt treacherously" }, "variants": { "*kənap*": "edge/wing/extremity/border", "*zəmirōt*": "songs/praises/music", "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have heard/we heard", "*ṣəbî*": "glory/beauty/honor/gazelle", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person/righteous", "*rāzî*": "my leanness/my wasting away/my secret/my mystery", "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*bōgədîm*": "treacherous ones/traitors/deceivers", "*bāgādû*": "they have dealt treacherously/they have betrayed/they have deceived", "*beged*": "treachery/deceit/betrayal/garment" } }
• Isa 48:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.48.8", "source": "גַּ֣ם לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ גַּ֚ם לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְתָּ גַּ֕ם מֵאָ֖ז לֹא־פִתְּחָ֣ה אָזְנֶ֑ךָ כִּ֤י יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ בָּג֣וֹד תִּבְגּ֔וֹד וּפֹשֵׁ֥עַ מִבֶּ֖טֶן קֹ֥רָא לָֽךְ׃", "text": "Also not *shāmaʿtā* also not *yādaʿtā* also from *ʾāz* not *pittḥāh* *ʾoznekā* for *yādaʿtî* *bāgôd* *tibgôd* and *pōshēaʿ* from *beṭen* *qōrāʾ* to you", "grammar": { "*shāmaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you heard", "*yādaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you knew", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time/formerly", "*pittḥāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it opened", "*ʾoznekā*": "feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ear", "*yādaʿtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I knew", "*bāgôd*": "infinitive absolute qal - acting treacherously", "*tibgôd*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you act treacherously", "*pōshēaʿ*": "qal participle masculine singular - transgressor/rebel", "*beṭen*": "feminine singular - womb/belly", "*qōrāʾ*": "pual perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was called" }, "variants": { "*shāmaʿtā*": "you heard/you listened/you obeyed", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/you understood/you were aware", "*pittḥāh*": "opened/was opened", "*ʾoznekā*": "your ear/your hearing", "*yādaʿtî*": "I knew/I was aware/I understood", "*bāgôd tibgôd*": "you would surely deal treacherously/you would certainly be unfaithful", "*pōshēaʿ*": "transgressor/rebel/one who breaks away", "*beṭen*": "womb/belly/birth", "*qōrāʾ*": "was called/was named/was designated" } }
• Jer 3:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.7", "source": "וָאֹמַ֗ר אַחֲרֵ֨י עֲשׂוֹתָ֧הּ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלַ֥י תָּשׁ֖וּב וְלֹא־שָׁ֑בָה *ותראה **וַתֵּ֛רֶא בָּגוֹדָ֥ה אֲחוֹתָ֖הּ יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "*wāʾōmar* after *ʿăśôtâh* *ʾet*-all-these, to-me *tāšûḇ*, but-not-*šāḇâ*. *wattēreʾ* *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I said'", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her doing'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tāšûḇ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she will return'", "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*wattēreʾ*": "Kethib/Qere: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she saw'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/spoke/thought", "*ʿăśôtâh*": "her doing/committing/performing", "*tāšûḇ*": "she will return/come back/repent", "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*wattēreʾ*": "and she saw/observed/noticed", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah" } }
• Jer 5:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.11", "source": "כִּי֩ בָג֨וֹד בָּגְד֜וּ בִּ֗י בֵּ֧ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וּבֵ֥ית יְהוּדָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "For *bāgôd* they *bāgədû* against me, house of *Yiśrā'ēl* and house of *Yəhûdâ*, *nə'um*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bāgôd*": "infinitive absolute - acting treacherously", "*bāgədû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they acted treacherously", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - against me", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*nə'um*": "construct noun - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*bāgôd bāgədû*": "they have utterly betrayed/thoroughly dealt treacherously", "*nə'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } }
• Jer 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.6", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִנְנִ֥י צוֹרְפָ֖ם וּבְחַנְתִּ֑ים כִּֽי־אֵ֣יךְ אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בַּת־עַמִּֽי׃", "text": "*lākēn* thus *'āmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbā'ôt* *hinĕnî* *ṣôrĕpām* *ûbĕḥantîm* *kî*-how *'e'ĕśeh* from-*pĕnê* *bat*-*'ammî*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*'āmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - of hosts/armies", "*hinĕnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*ṣôrĕpām*": "participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - refining them", "*ûbĕḥantîm*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will test them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*'e'ĕśeh*": "imperfect verb, 1st person singular - I will do", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state with prefixed preposition - from the face of", "*bat*": "feminine noun, construct state - daughter of", "*'ammî*": "masculine noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "of hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hinĕnî*": "behold me/look, I am/here I am", "*ṣôrĕpām*": "refining them/smelting them/purifying them", "*ûbĕḥantîm*": "and I will test them/try them/examine them", "*'e'ĕśeh*": "I will do/act/perform", "*pĕnê*": "face of/presence of/because of", "*bat-'ammî*": "daughter of my people (collective term for the people)" } }
• Jer 31:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.31.32", "source": "לֹ֣א כַבְּרִ֗ית אֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּרַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם בְּיוֹם֙ הֶחֱזִיקִ֣י בְיָדָ֔ם לְהוֹצִיאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֜מָּה הֵפֵ֣רוּ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֗י וְאָנֹכִ֛י בָּעַ֥לְתִּי בָ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*lōʾ ḵabbərît ʾăšer kārattî ʾet-ʾăḇôtām bəyôm heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām ləhôṣîʾām mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim ʾăšer-hēmmāh hēp̄ērû ʾet-bərîtî wə-ʾānōḵî bāʿaltî ḇām nəʾum-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḵabbərît*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - like the covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*kārattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I cut/made", "*ʾet-ʾăḇôtām*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their fathers", "*bəyôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun construct - in day of", "*heḥĕzîqî*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - my taking hold", "*ḇəyāḏām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by their hand", "*ləhôṣîʾām*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to bring them out", "*mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim*": "preposition + construct state - from land of Egypt", "*ʾăšer-hēmmāh*": "relative pronoun + 3rd person plural pronoun - which they", "*hēp̄ērû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they broke", "*ʾet-bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*wə-ʾānōḵî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular independent pronoun - and I", "*bāʿaltî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I was a husband/lord/master", "*ḇām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*heḥĕzîqî ḇəyāḏām*": "my taking hold of their hand/my grasping their hand/my seizing their hand", "*hēp̄ērû*": "broke/violated/nullified/made void", "*bāʿaltî*": "was a husband to/was a lord over/was a master of" } }
• Ezek 16:59-61 : 59 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.59", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה וְעָשִׂ֥יתִי אוֹתָ֖ךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑ית אֲשֶׁר־בָּזִ֥ית אָלָ֖ה לְהָפֵ֥ר בְּרִֽית׃", "text": "For *kî* thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: and *wĕʿāśîtî* *ʾôtāk* according to what *kaʾăšer* *ʿāśît*, who *ʾăšer-bāzît* *ʾālāh* to break *lĕhāpēr* *bĕrît*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*wĕʿāśîtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will do", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd feminine singular suffix - you", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - according to what", "*ʿāśît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you did", "*ʾăšer-bāzît*": "relative pronoun + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - who despised", "*ʾālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - oath", "*lĕhāpēr*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Hiphil - to break", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord/Master (divine title)", "*wĕʿāśîtî*": "I will do/act/deal with", "*ʿāśît*": "you did/acted/performed", "*bāzît*": "you despised/disdained/held in contempt", "*ʾālāh*": "oath/curse/imprecation", "*lĕhāpēr*": "to break/violate/nullify", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty" } } 60 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.60", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֨י אֲנִ֧י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֛י אוֹתָ֖ךְ בִּימֵ֣י נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ וַהֲקִמוֹתִ֥י לָ֖ךְ בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "And *wĕzākartî* *ʾănî* *ʾet-bĕrîtî* *ʾôtāk* in days of *bîmê* *nĕʿûrāyik*; and *wahăqîmôtî* to you *lāk* *bĕrît* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*wĕzākartî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will remember", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*ʾet-bĕrîtî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you", "*bîmê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in days of", "*nĕʿûrāyik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your youth", "*wahăqîmôtî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular, Hiphil - and I will establish", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular - covenant", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting" }, "variants": { "*wĕzākartî*": "I will remember/recall/bring to mind", "*bĕrîtî*": "my covenant/agreement/treaty", "*nĕʿûrāyik*": "your youth/young age", "*wahăqîmôtî*": "I will establish/confirm/set up", "*bĕrît ʿôlām*": "everlasting covenant/eternal agreement" } } 61 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.61", "source": "וְזָכַ֣רְתְּ אֶת־דְּרָכַיִךְ֮ וְנִכְלַמְתְּ֒ בְּקַחְתֵּ֗ךְ אֶת־אֲחוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ הַגְּדֹל֣וֹת מִמֵּ֔ךְ אֶל־הַקְּטַנּ֖וֹת מִמֵּ֑ךְ וְנָתַתִּ֨י אֶתְהֶ֥ן לָ֛ךְ לְבָנ֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א מִבְּרִיתֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wĕzākart* *ʾet-dĕrākayik* and *wĕniklamt*, when *bĕqaḥtēk* *ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik* *haggĕdōlôt* from *mimmēk* to *ʾel-haqqĕṭannôt* from *mimmēk*; and *wĕnātattî* *ʾethen* to you *lāk* for *lĕbānôt*, and not *wĕlōʾ* from *mibbĕrîtēk*.", "grammar": { "*wĕzākart*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you will remember", "*ʾet-dĕrākayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ways", "*wĕniklamt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, Niphal - and you will be ashamed", "*bĕqaḥtēk*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal + 2nd feminine singular suffix - when you take", "*ʾet-ʾăḥôtayik*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sisters", "*haggĕdōlôt*": "article + adjective, feminine plural - the greater", "*mimmēk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - than you", "*ʾel-haqqĕṭannôt*": "preposition + article + adjective, feminine plural - to the lesser", "*wĕnātattî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular - and I will give", "*ʾethen*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*lĕbānôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - for daughters", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*mibbĕrîtēk*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your covenant" }, "variants": { "*wĕzākart*": "you will remember/recall/bring to mind", "*dĕrākayik*": "your ways/paths/conduct", "*wĕniklamt*": "you will be ashamed/humiliated/disgraced", "*bĕqaḥtēk*": "when you take/receive/accept", "*ʾăḥôtayik*": "your sisters (metaphor for other cities)", "*haggĕdōlôt*": "the greater/older/more important", "*haqqĕṭannôt*": "the lesser/younger/less important", "*wĕnātattî*": "I will give/grant/place", "*lĕbānôt*": "for daughters/as daughters", "*mibbĕrîtēk*": "from your covenant/according to your covenant" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:15 : 15 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.15", "source": "וַיִּמְאֲס֣וּ אֶת־חֻקָּ֗יו וְאֶת־בְּרִיתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּרַ֣ת אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם וְאֵת֙ עֵֽדְוֺתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵעִ֖יד בָּ֑ם וַיֵּ֨לְכוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י הַהֶ֙בֶל֙ וַיֶּהְבָּ֔לוּ וְאַחֲרֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִֽיבֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י עֲשׂ֥וֹת כָּהֶֽם׃", "text": "And they *māʾas* *ʾēt*-*ḥuqqāh* his, and *ʾēt*-*bᵊrît* his which he *kārat* *ʾēt*-fathers their, and *ʾēt*-*ʿēdût* his which he *ʿûd* against them; and they *hālak* after the *hebel* and they *hābal*, and after the *gôy* which around them, which *ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* *ʾōtām* to not *ʿāśâ* like them.", "grammar": { "*māʾas*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they rejected/despised", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ḥuqqāh*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his statutes/decrees", "*bᵊrît*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he cut/made [covenant]", "*ʿēdût*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his testimonies/witnesses", "*ʿûd*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he testified/witnessed", "*hālak*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they walked/went", "*hebel*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the vanity/emptiness", "*hābal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they became vain/worthless", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations/gentiles", "*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make" }, "variants": { "*māʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*ḥuqqāh*": "statutes/decrees/laws", "*bᵊrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*kārat*": "cut/make [covenant]/establish", "*ʿēdût*": "testimonies/witnesses/warnings", "*ʿûd*": "testify/witness/warn", "*hebel*": "vanity/emptiness/worthlessness/idols", "*hābal*": "become vain/worthless/act foolishly", "*gôy*": "nations/gentiles/peoples" } }
• Heb 8:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Hebrews.8.9", "source": "Οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην ἣν ἐποίησα τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπιλαβομένου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου· ὅτι αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἐνέμειναν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ μου, κἀγὼ ἠμέλησα αὐτῶν, λέγει Κύριος.", "text": "Not according to the *diathēkēn* which *epoiēsa* to the *patrasin* of them in *hēmera* of *epilabomenou* of the *cheiros* of them *exagagein* them out of *gēs* *Aigyptou*; because they not *enemeinan* in the *diathēkē* of me, and I *ēmelēsa* them, *legei* *Kyrios*.", "grammar": { "*diathēkēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - covenant/testament", "*epoiēsa*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I made", "*patrasin*": "dative, masculine, plural - fathers", "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day", "*epilabomenou*": "aorist middle participle, genitive, masculine, singular - taking hold of", "*cheiros*": "genitive, feminine, singular - hand", "*exagagein*": "aorist active infinitive - to lead out", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*Aigyptou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - Egypt", "*enemeinan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they continued/remained", "*diathēkē*": "dative, feminine, singular - covenant/testament", "*ēmelēsa*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I disregarded/neglected", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says" }, "variants": { "*epilabomenou*": "taking hold of/grasping/seizing", "*enemeinan*": "they remained/continued/abided", "*ēmelēsa*": "I disregarded/neglected/cared not for" } }
• Gen 3:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Genesis.3.6", "source": "וַתֵּ֣רֶא הָֽאִשָּׁ֡ה כִּ֣י טוֹב֩ הָעֵ֨ץ לְמַאֲכָ֜ל וְכִ֧י תַֽאֲוָה־ה֣וּא לָעֵינַ֗יִם וְנֶחְמָ֤ד הָעֵץ֙ לְהַשְׂכִּ֔יל וַתִּקַּ֥ח מִפִּרְי֖וֹ וַתֹּאכַ֑ל וַתִּתֵּ֧ן גַּם־לְאִישָׁ֛הּ עִמָּ֖הּ וַיֹּאכַֽל׃", "text": "And *tēreʾ* the *ʾiššāh* that *ṭôb* the *ʿēṣ* for *maʾăkāl*, and that *taʾăwāh*-it to *ʿênayim*, and *neḥmād* the *ʿēṣ* for *haśkîl*, and *tiqqaḥ* from *piryô* and *tōʾkal*; and *tittēn* also to *ʾîšāh* with her, and *yōʾkal*.", "grammar": { "*tēreʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - and she saw", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - woman", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine, singular - good", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - tree", "*maʾăkāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - food/eating", "*taʾăwāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desire/delight", "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - eyes", "*neḥmād*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - desirable/pleasant", "*haśkîl*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to make wise/to give insight", "*tiqqaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - and she took", "*piryô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its fruit", "*tōʾkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - and she ate", "*tittēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + waw consecutive - and she gave", "*ʾîšāh*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her husband", "*yōʾkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - and he ate" }, "variants": { "*taʾăwāh*": "desire/delight/longing/craving", "*neḥmād*": "desirable/pleasant/delightful", "*haśkîl*": "to make wise/to give insight/to bring success" } }