Ezek 23:4-9 : 4 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.4",
"source": "וּשְׁמוֹתָ֗ן אָהֳלָ֤ה הַגְּדוֹלָה֙ וְאָהֳלִיבָ֣ה אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתִּֽהְיֶ֣ינָה לִ֔י וַתֵּלַ֖דְנָה בָּנִ֣ים וּבָנ֑וֹת וּשְׁמוֹתָ֕ן שֹׁמְר֣וֹן אָהֳלָ֔ה וִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אָהֳלִיבָֽה׃",
"text": "And *šəmôtān* *ʾāhŏlâ* *haggədôlâ* and *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* *ʾăḥôtāh* and *wattihyênâ* to me and *wattēladnâ* *bānîm* and *ḇānôt* and *šəmôtān* *šōmərôn* *ʾāhŏlâ* and *yərûšālaim* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ*",
"grammar": {
"*šəmôtān*": "plural noun + 3rd plural feminine suffix - their names",
"*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah (lit. 'her tent')",
"*haggədôlâ*": "definite article + feminine adjective - the elder/greater",
"*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah (lit. 'my tent is in her')",
"*ʾăḥôtāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister",
"*wattihyênâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* - and they became",
"*wattēladnâ*": "3rd plural feminine waw-consecutive imperfect of *yālad* - and they bore",
"*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons",
"*ḇānôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters",
"*šōmərôn*": "proper noun - Samaria",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāhŏlâ*": "Oholah/her tent",
"*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "Oholibah/my tent is in her",
"*haggədôlâ*": "the elder/greater/older",
"*šōmərôn*": "Samaria/watch-mountain"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.5",
"source": "וַתִּ֥זֶן אָהֳלָ֖ה תַּחְתָּ֑י וַתַּעְגַּב֙ עַֽל־מְאַהֲבֶ֔יהָ אֶל־אַשּׁ֖וּר קְרוֹבִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wattizen* *ʾāhŏlâ* *taḥtāy* and *wattaʿgaḇ* *ʿal*-*məʾahăḇêhā* to-*ʾaššûr* *qərôḇîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wattizen*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *zānâ* - and she played the harlot",
"*ʾāhŏlâ*": "proper noun - Oholah",
"*taḥtāy*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - under me",
"*wattaʿgaḇ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after",
"*ʿal*-*məʾahăḇêhā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - after/upon her lovers",
"*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria",
"*qərôḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near"
},
"variants": {
"*taḥtāy*": "under me/while she was mine",
"*ʿāgaḇ*": "to lust after/dote upon",
"*məʾahăḇêhā*": "lovers/paramours",
"*qərôḇîm*": "neighboring/near/approaching/who were close by"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.6",
"source": "לְבֻשֵׁ֤י תְכֵ֙לֶת֙ פַּח֣וֹת וּסְגָנִ֔ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּ֑ם פָּרָשִׁ֕ים רֹכְבֵ֖י סוּסִֽים׃",
"text": "*ləḇušê* *təḵēlet* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm*",
"grammar": {
"*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing",
"*təḵēlet*": "feminine singular noun - blue/purple",
"*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors",
"*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers",
"*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of",
"*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight",
"*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen",
"*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of",
"*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses"
},
"variants": {
"*təḵēlet*": "blue/purple/violet",
"*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials",
"*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials",
"*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men",
"*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/precious"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.7",
"source": "וַתִּתֵּ֤ן תַּזְנוּתֶ֙יהָ֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם מִבְחַ֥ר בְּנֵֽי־אַשּׁ֖וּר כֻּלָּ֑ם וּבְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר־עֽ͏ָגְבָ֛ה בְּכָל־גִּלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם נִטְמָֽאָה׃",
"text": "And *wattitēn* *taznûtêhā* upon them *miḇḥar* *bənê*-*ʾaššûr* all of them and with all whom *ʿāḡəḇâ* with all-*gillûlêhem* *niṭmāʾâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wattitēn*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *nātan* - and she gave/bestowed",
"*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries/prostitutions",
"*miḇḥar*": "construct singular - choice of/select",
"*bənê*-*ʾaššûr*": "masculine plural construct noun + proper noun - sons of Assyria",
"*ʿāḡəḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after",
"*gillûlêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their idols",
"*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled"
},
"variants": {
"*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/fornications",
"*miḇḥar*": "choice/select/best",
"*gillûlêhem*": "their idols/images/filthy things",
"*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.8",
"source": "וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֤יהָ מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ לֹ֣א עָזָ֔בָה כִּ֤י אוֹתָהּ֙ שָׁכְב֣וּ בִנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ וְהֵ֥מָּה עִשּׂ֖וּ דַּדֵּ֣י בְתוּלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּשְׁפְּכ֥וּ תַזְנוּתָ֖ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *miṣrayim* not *ʿāzāḇâ* for *ʾôtāh* *šāḵəḇû* in *ḇinəʿûrêhā* and they *ʿiśśû* *daddê* *ḇətûlêhā* and *wayyišpəḵû* *taznûtām* upon her",
"grammar": {
"*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*ʿāzāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she abandoned/left",
"*ʾôtāh*": "direct object + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her/with her",
"*šāḵəḇû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they lay/slept with",
"*ḇinəʿûrêhā*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her youth",
"*ʿiśśû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they handled/pressed",
"*daddê*": "plural construct - breasts of",
"*ḇətûlêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her virginity/maidenhood",
"*wayyišpəḵû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāpaḵ* - and they poured out",
"*taznûtām*": "plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fornication"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāzāḇâ*": "she left/abandoned/forsook",
"*šāḵəḇû*": "they lay with/slept with/had sexual relations with",
"*daddê*": "breasts/love/affection",
"*šāpaḵ*": "to pour out/spill",
"*taznûtām*": "their fornication/harlotry/prostitution"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.9",
"source": "לָכֵ֥ן נְתַתִּ֖יהָ בְּיַד־מְאַֽהֲבֶ֑יהָ בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָגְבָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "Therefore *nətattîhā* in *yad*-*məʾahăḇêhā* in *yad* *bənê* *ʾaššûr* whom *ʿāḡəḇâ* upon them",
"grammar": {
"*nətattîhā*": "1st singular Qal perfect + 3rd feminine singular suffix - I gave her",
"*yad*-*məʾahăḇêhā*": "construct singular noun + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - hand of her lovers",
"*yad*": "singular noun - hand",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria",
"*ʿāḡəḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after"
},
"variants": {
"*nətattîhā*": "I gave her/delivered her",
"*yad*": "hand/power/control",
"*məʾahăḇêhā*": "her lovers/paramours"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.10",
"source": "הֵמָּה֮ גִּלּ֣וּ עֶרְוָתָהּ֒ בָּנֶ֤יהָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ לָקָ֔חוּ וְאוֹתָ֖הּ בַּחֶ֣רֶב הָרָ֑גוּ וַתְּהִי־שֵׁם֙ לַנָּשִׁ֔ים וּשְׁפוּטִ֖ים עָ֥שׂוּ בָֽהּ׃",
"text": "They *gillû* *ʿerwātāh* *bānêhā* and *ḇənôtêhā* *lāqāḥû* and her *baḥereḇ* *hārāḡû* and *wattəhî*-*šēm* to the *naššîm* and *šəfûṭîm* *ʿāśû* on her",
"grammar": {
"*gillû*": "3rd plural Piel perfect - they uncovered/exposed",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*bānêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sons",
"*ḇənôtêhā*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughters",
"*lāqāḥû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they took",
"*baḥereḇ*": "preposition + definite article + singular noun - by the sword",
"*hārāḡû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they killed",
"*wattəhî*-*šēm*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *hāyâ* + noun - and she became a name/byword",
"*naššîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the women",
"*šəfûṭîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - judgments",
"*ʿāśû*": "3rd plural Qal perfect - they executed/made"
},
"variants": {
"*gillû*": "they uncovered/exposed/revealed",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/genitals/shame",
"*lāqāḥû*": "they took/seized/carried away",
"*hārāḡû*": "they killed/slew",
"*šēm*": "name/byword/infamous example",
"*šəfûṭîm*": "judgments/penalties/punishments"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.11",
"source": "וַתֵּ֙רֶא֙ אֲחוֹתָ֣הּ אָהֳלִיבָ֔ה וַתַּשְׁחֵ֥ת עַגְבָתָ֖הּ מִמֶּ֑נָּה וְאֶת־תַּ֨זְנוּתֶ֔יהָ מִזְּנוּנֵ֖י אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wattēreʾ* *ʾăḥôtāh* *ʾāhŏlîḇâ* and *wattašḥēt* *ʿaḡḇātāh* than her and *ʾet*-*taznûtêhā* from *zənûnê* *ʾăḥôtāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw",
"*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister",
"*ʾāhŏlîḇâ*": "proper noun - Oholibah",
"*wattašḥēt*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šāḥat* - and she corrupted",
"*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her lust",
"*ʾet*-*taznûtêhā*": "direct object marker + plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries",
"*zənûnê*": "plural construct - harlotries of",
"*ʾăḥôtāh*": "singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister"
},
"variants": {
"*wattašḥēt*": "she corrupted/was more corrupt in",
"*ʿaḡḇātāh*": "her lust/inordinate affection",
"*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions",
"*zənûnê*": "harlotries/prostitutions/fornications of"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.12",
"source": "אֶל־בְּנֵי֩ אַשּׁ֨וּר עָגָ֜בָה פַּח֨וֹת וּסְגָנִ֤ים קְרֹבִים֙ לְבֻשֵׁ֣י מִכְל֔וֹל פָּרָשִׁ֖ים רֹכְבֵ֣י סוּסִ֑ים בַּח֥וּרֵי חֶ֖מֶד כֻּלָּֽם׃",
"text": "Unto-*bənê* *ʾaššûr* *ʿāḡāḇâ* *paḥôt* and *səḡānîm* *qərōḇîm* *ləḇušê* *miḵlôl* *pārāšîm* *rōḵəḇê* *sûsîm* *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* all of them",
"grammar": {
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria",
"*ʿāḡāḇâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - she lusted after",
"*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors",
"*səḡānîm*": "masculine plural noun - officials/rulers",
"*qərōḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective - neighboring/near",
"*ləḇušê*": "masculine plural construct - clothed in/wearing",
"*miḵlôl*": "masculine singular noun - perfection/splendor",
"*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen",
"*rōḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct participle - riders of",
"*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses",
"*baḥûrê*": "masculine plural construct - young men of",
"*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desire/delight"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥôt*": "governors/captains/officials",
"*səḡānîm*": "prefects/rulers/officials",
"*miḵlôl*": "perfection/splendor/gorgeous clothing",
"*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men",
"*ḥemed*": "desire/desirability/handsome"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.13",
"source": "וָאֵ֖רֶא כִּ֣י נִטְמָ֑אָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ אֶחָ֖ד לִשְׁתֵּיהֶֽן׃",
"text": "And *wāʾēreʾ* that *niṭmāʾâ* *dereḵ* *ʾeḥād* for both of them",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾēreʾ*": "1st singular Qal waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and I saw",
"*niṭmāʾâ*": "3rd feminine singular Niphal perfect - she was defiled",
"*dereḵ*": "masculine singular construct - way of",
"*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one",
"*lištêhen*": "preposition + dual feminine noun + 3rd feminine plural suffix - for both of them"
},
"variants": {
"*niṭmāʾâ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean",
"*dereḵ*": "way/path/manner"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.14",
"source": "וַתּ֖וֹסֶף אֶל־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ וַתֵּ֗רֶא אַנְשֵׁי֙ מְחֻקֶּ֣ה עַל־הַקִּ֔יר צַלְמֵ֣י כַשְׂדִּ֔ים חֲקֻקִ֖ים בַּשָּׁשַֽׁר׃",
"text": "And *wattôsef* unto-*taznûtêhā* and *wattēreʾ* *ʾanšê* *məḥuqqeh* upon-*haqqîr* *ṣalmê* *kaśdîm* *ḥăquqîm* in *baššāšar*",
"grammar": {
"*wattôsef*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāsap* - and she added",
"*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries",
"*wattēreʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *rāʾâ* - and she saw",
"*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of",
"*məḥuqqeh*": "passive participle - portrayed/drawn/carved",
"*haqqîr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the wall",
"*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans",
"*ḥăquqîm*": "masculine plural Qal passive participle - carved/engraved",
"*baššāšar*": "preposition + definite article + noun - in the vermilion/red ochre"
},
"variants": {
"*wattôsef*": "she increased/added to",
"*məḥuqqeh*": "portrayed/drawn/carved",
"*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/figures",
"*ḥăquqîm*": "carved/engraved/portrayed",
"*baššāšar*": "in vermilion/red ochre/bright red color"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.15",
"source": "חֲגוֹרֵ֨י אֵז֜וֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶ֗ם סְרוּחֵ֤י טְבוּלִים֙ בְּרָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם מַרְאֵ֥ה שָׁלִשִׁ֖ים כֻּלָּ֑ם דְּמ֤וּת בְּנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֶ֖רֶץ מוֹלַדְתָּֽם׃",
"text": "*ḥăḡôrê* *ʾēzôr* in *bəmātnêhem* *sərûḥê* *ṭəḇûlîm* in *bərāʾšêhem* *marʾēh* *šālišîm* all of them *dəmût* *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* *kaśdîm* *ʾereṣ* *môladtām*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥăḡôrê*": "masculine plural construct - girded with",
"*ʾēzôr*": "masculine singular noun - belt/girdle",
"*bəmātnêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - around their loins",
"*sərûḥê*": "masculine plural construct - hanging down/flowing",
"*ṭəḇûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - turbans/dyed attire",
"*bərāʾšêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their heads",
"*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of",
"*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers",
"*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of",
"*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of",
"*môladtām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their nativity/birth"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥăḡôrê*": "girded with/wearing",
"*ʾēzôr*": "belt/girdle/waistband",
"*sərûḥê*": "hanging down/flowing/redundant",
"*ṭəḇûlîm*": "turbans/dyed attire/colored headdresses",
"*marʾēh*": "appearance/sight/vision",
"*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/nobles",
"*dəmût*": "likeness/appearance/similitude",
"*môladtām*": "their nativity/birthplace/native land"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.16",
"source": "וַתַּעְגְּבָ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְמַרְאֵ֣ה עֵינֶ֑יהָ וַתִּשְׁלַ֧ח מַלְאָכִ֛ים אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כַּשְׂדִּֽימָה׃",
"text": "And *wattaʿgəbâ* upon them to *marʾēh* *ʿênêhā* and *wattišlaḥ* *malʾāḵîm* to them *kaśdîmâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wattaʿgəbâ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ʿāgaḇ* - and she lusted after",
"*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - sight of",
"*ʿênêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her eyes",
"*wattišlaḥ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *šālaḥ* - and she sent",
"*malʾāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - messengers",
"*kaśdîmâ*": "proper noun + directional he - to Chaldea"
},
"variants": {
"*wattaʿgəbâ*": "she lusted after/doted upon",
"*marʾēh*": "sight/appearance/vision",
"*malʾāḵîm*": "messengers/envoys/ambassadors",
"*kaśdîmâ*": "to Chaldea/toward the land of the Chaldeans"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.17",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ אֵלֶ֤יהָ בְנֵֽי־בָבֶל֙ לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ב דֹּדִ֔ים וַיְטַמְּא֥וּ אוֹתָ֖הּ בְּתַזְנוּתָ֑ם וַתִּ֨טְמָא־בָ֔ם וַתֵּ֥קַע נַפְשָׁ֖הּ מֵהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyāḇōʾû* to her *bənê*-*ḇāḇel* to *miškab* *dōdîm* and *wayəṭamməʾû* her in *bətaznûtām* and *wattiṭmāʾ*-in them and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšāh* from them",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *bôʾ* - and they came",
"*bənê*-*ḇāḇel*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Babylon",
"*miškab*": "masculine singular construct - bed of",
"*dōdîm*": "masculine plural noun - loves/carnal love",
"*wayəṭamməʾû*": "3rd plural masculine waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and they defiled",
"*bətaznûtām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with their fornication",
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *ṭāmēʾ* - and she was defiled",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and she turned away",
"*nafšāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her soul",
"*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them"
},
"variants": {
"*miškab*": "bed/couch/place of lying",
"*dōdîm*": "loves/caresses/sexual relations",
"*wayəṭamməʾû*": "they defiled/polluted/made unclean",
"*wattiṭmāʾ*": "she was defiled/polluted/made unclean",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "she turned away/alienated/was disgusted with",
"*nafšāh*": "her soul/desire/mind"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.18",
"source": "וַתְּגַל֙ תַּזְנוּתֶ֔יהָ וַתְּגַ֖ל אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֑הּ וַתֵּ֤קַע נַפְשִׁי֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י מֵעַ֥ל אֲחוֹתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wattəḡal* *taznûtêhā* and *wattəḡal* *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh* and *wattēqaʿ* *nafšî* from upon her as *nāqəʿâ* *nafšî* from upon *ʾăḥôtāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wattəḡal*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *gālâ* - and she uncovered/revealed",
"*taznûtêhā*": "plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her harlotries",
"*ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "3rd feminine singular waw-consecutive imperfect of *yāqaʿ* - and was alienated",
"*nafšî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my soul",
"*nāqəʿâ*": "3rd feminine singular Qal perfect - was alienated",
"*ʾăḥôtāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister"
},
"variants": {
"*wattəḡal*": "she uncovered/revealed/exposed",
"*taznûtêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/unfaithfulness",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/shame/genitals",
"*wattēqaʿ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted",
"*nafšî*": "my soul/mind/desire",
"*nāqəʿâ*": "was alienated/turned away/became disgusted"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.19",
"source": "וַתַּרְבֶּ֖ה אֶת־תַּזְנוּתֶ֑יהָ לִזְכֹּר֙ אֶת־יְמֵ֣י נְעוּרֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָנְתָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "And she *tarbeh* [increased] *ʾet*-*taznûteyhā* [her prostitutions] *lizkōr* *ʾet*-*yᵊmê* *nᵊʿûreyhā* [days of her youth] *ʾăšer* *zāntāh* [in which she prostituted] in *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt].",
"grammar": {
"*tarbeh*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - multiplied/increased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*taznûteyhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her acts of prostitution/harlotry",
"*lizkōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to remember/recall",
"*yᵊmê*": "construct masculine plural of *yôm* (day)",
"*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her youth",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/when",
"*zāntāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she played the harlot/prostituted herself",
"*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land/country of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*tarbeh*": "multiply/increase/make abundant",
"*taznûteyhā*": "her prostitutions/harlotries/fornications",
"*lizkōr*": "to remember/recall/bring to mind",
"*nᵊʿûreyhā*": "her youth/young womanhood",
"*zāntāh*": "played the harlot/prostituted herself/committed fornication"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.20",
"source": "וַֽתַּעְגְּבָ֔ה עַ֖ל פִּֽלַגְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר בְּשַׂר־חֲמוֹרִים֙ בְּשָׂרָ֔ם וְזִרְמַ֥ת סוּסִ֖ים זִרְמָתָֽם׃",
"text": "And she *taʿgᵊbāh* [lusted] *ʿal* *pilagšêhem* [after their paramours] *ʾăšer* *bᵊśar*-*ḥămôrîm* *bᵊśārām* [whose flesh is like donkeys' flesh] and *zirmat* *sûsîm* *zirmātām* [emission of horses is their emission].",
"grammar": {
"*taʿgᵊbāh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she lusted/had inordinate affection",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/after/concerning",
"*pilagšêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their concubines/paramours",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that/who",
"*bᵊśar*": "construct state - flesh of",
"*ḥămôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - donkeys",
"*bᵊśārām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their flesh",
"*zirmat*": "construct state - emission/discharge/flow of",
"*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses",
"*zirmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their emission"
},
"variants": {
"*taʿgᵊbāh*": "lusted after/doted upon/had inordinate affection",
"*pilagšêhem*": "their paramours/concubines/lovers",
"*bᵊśar*": "flesh/body/male organ",
"*zirmat*": "emission/discharge/ejaculation",
"*zirmātām*": "their emission/discharge/ejaculation"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.21",
"source": "וַֽתִּפְקְדִ֔י אֵ֖ת זִמַּ֣ת נְעוּרָ֑יִךְ בַּעְשׂ֤וֹת מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ דַּדַּ֔יִךְ לְמַ֖עַן שְׁדֵ֥י נְעוּרָֽיִךְ׃",
"text": "And you *tipqᵊdî* [revisited] *ʾēt* *zimmat* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [lewdness of your youth] when *baʿśôt* *mimmiṣrayim* *daddayik* [the Egyptians handled your breasts] *lᵊmaʿan* *šᵊdê* *nᵊʿûrāyik* [because of the bosom of your youth].",
"grammar": {
"*tipqᵊdî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you visited/attended to/looked after",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*zimmat*": "construct state - lewdness/wickedness/plan of",
"*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth",
"*baʿśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition bet - in/when doing/handling",
"*mimmiṣrayim*": "proper noun with preposition min - from/by Egypt",
"*daddayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your breasts",
"*lᵊmaʿan*": "preposition - for the sake of/because of",
"*šᵊdê*": "construct state - breasts/bosom of",
"*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your youth"
},
"variants": {
"*tipqᵊdî*": "visited/attended to/sought after/revisited",
"*zimmat*": "lewdness/wickedness/depravity",
"*nᵊʿûrāyik*": "your youth/young womanhood",
"*baʿśôt*": "when handling/fondling/caressing",
"*daddayik*": "your breasts/nipples",
"*šᵊdê*": "breasts/bosom/chest"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.22",
"source": "לָכֵ֣ן אָהֳלִיבָ֗ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ הִנְנִ֨י מֵעִ֤יר אֶת־מְאַהֲבַ֙יִךְ֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶ֑ם וַהֲבֵאתִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ מִסָּבִֽיב׃",
"text": "Therefore, *ʾohŏlîbāh* [Oholibah], thus *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *mēʿîr* *ʾet*-*mᵊʾahăbayik* [Behold, I will stir up your lovers] *ʿālayik* [against you], *ʾēt* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [those from whom your soul is alienated], and I will *hăbêʾtîm* [bring them] *ʿālayik* [against you] *missābîb* [from all around].",
"grammar": {
"*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolic name)",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord",
"*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)",
"*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am",
"*mēʿîr*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - stirring up/arousing",
"*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your lovers",
"*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - upon/against you",
"*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away",
"*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular possessive suffix - your soul",
"*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them",
"*hăbêʾtîm*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them",
"*missābîb*": "preposition min + adverb - from all around/from every side"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾohŏlîbāh*": "Oholibah (means 'my tent is in her')",
"*mēʿîr*": "stir up/arouse/awaken",
"*mᵊʾahăbayik*": "your lovers/paramours",
"*nāqᵊʿāh*": "alienated/turned away/dislocated",
"*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self",
"*hăbêʾtîm*": "bring them/cause them to come"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.23",
"source": "בְּנֵ֧י בָבֶ֣ל וְכָל־כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים פְּק֤וֹד וְשׁ֙וֹעַ֙ וְק֔וֹעַ כָּל־בְּנֵ֥י אַשּׁ֖וּר אוֹתָ֑ם בַּח֨וּרֵי חֶ֜מֶד פַּח֤וֹת וּסְגָנִים֙ כֻּלָּ֔ם שָֽׁלִשִׁים֙ וּקְרוּאִ֔ים רֹכְבֵ֥י סוּסִ֖ים כֻּלָּֽם׃",
"text": "*bᵊnê* *bābel* and all *kaśdîm*, *pᵊqôd* and *šôaʿ* and *qôaʿ*, all *bᵊnê* *ʾaššûr* [sons of Babylon and all Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, all sons of Assyria] with them, *baḥûrê* *ḥemed* [desirable young men], *paḥôt* and *sᵊgānîm* [governors and rulers], all of them *šālišîm* and *qᵊrûʾîm* [officers and renowned ones], *rōkᵊbê* *sûsîm* [riders of horses], all of them.",
"grammar": {
"*bᵊnê*": "construct masculine plural - sons of",
"*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon",
"*kaśdîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Chaldeans",
"*pᵊqôd*": "proper noun - Pekod (people group)",
"*šôaʿ*": "proper noun - Shoa (people group)",
"*qôaʿ*": "proper noun - Koa (people group)",
"*bᵊnê*": "construct masculine plural - sons of",
"*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria",
"*baḥûrê*": "construct masculine plural - young men of",
"*ḥemed*": "masculine singular noun - desirability/pleasantness",
"*paḥôt*": "masculine plural noun - governors",
"*sᵊgānîm*": "masculine plural noun - rulers/officials",
"*šālišîm*": "masculine plural noun - officers/captains (third rank)",
"*qᵊrûʾîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - called ones/renowned ones",
"*rōkᵊbê*": "construct masculine plural Qal participle - riders of",
"*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses"
},
"variants": {
"*bᵊnê*": "sons/children/people of",
"*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans",
"*pᵊqôd*": "Pekod (people group or 'punishment/visitation')",
"*šôaʿ*": "Shoa (people group or 'noble/wealthy')",
"*qôaʿ*": "Koa (people group)",
"*baḥûrê*": "young men/choice men",
"*ḥemed*": "desirability/pleasantness/delight",
"*paḥôt*": "governors/captains",
"*sᵊgānîm*": "rulers/officials/prefects",
"*šālišîm*": "officers/captains/chariot warriors",
"*qᵊrûʾîm*": "called ones/renowned ones/nobles",
"*rōkᵊbê*": "riders/horsemen"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.24",
"source": "וּבָ֣אוּ עָלַ֡יִךְ הֹ֠צֶן רֶ֤כֶב וְגַלְגַּל֙ וּבִקְהַ֣ל עַמִּ֔ים צִנָּ֤ה וּמָגֵן֙ וְקוֹבַ֔ע יָשִׂ֥ימוּ עָלַ֖יִךְ סָבִ֑יב וְנָתַתִּ֤י לִפְנֵיהֶם֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּשְׁפָט֖וּךְ בְּמִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And they will *bāʾû* [come] *ʿālayik* [against you] *hōṣen* [with weapon/armor], *rekeb* and *galgal* [chariot and wheel], and *biqhal* *ʿammîm* [with assembly of peoples]; *ṣinnāh* and *māgēn* and *qôbaʿ* [buckler and shield and helmet] they will *yāśîmû* [set] *ʿālayik* [against you] *sābîb* [all around]. And I will *nātattî* [give] *lipnêhem* [before them] *mišpāṭ* [judgment], and they will *šᵊpāṭûk* [judge you] *bᵊmišpᵊṭêhem* [according to their judgments].",
"grammar": {
"*bāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will come",
"*ʿālayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - against you",
"*hōṣen*": "noun - weapon/armor/apparatus",
"*rekeb*": "masculine singular noun - chariot/vehicle",
"*galgal*": "masculine singular noun - wheel/whirl",
"*biqhal*": "masculine singular noun with preposition bet - with assembly/congregation",
"*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples/nations",
"*ṣinnāh*": "feminine singular noun - large shield/buckler",
"*māgēn*": "masculine singular noun - shield",
"*qôbaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - helmet",
"*yāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place",
"*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding",
"*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place",
"*lipnêhem*": "preposition lamed + construct masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - before them",
"*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - judgment/justice/ordinance",
"*šᵊpāṭûk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will judge you",
"*bᵊmišpᵊṭêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition bet - according to their judgments"
},
"variants": {
"*hōṣen*": "weapon/armor/apparatus",
"*rekeb*": "chariot/vehicle/riding equipment",
"*galgal*": "wheel/whirl/rolling thing",
"*ṣinnāh*": "large shield/buckler",
"*māgēn*": "shield/defense",
"*qôbaʿ*": "helmet/head covering",
"*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal case",
"*šᵊpāṭûk*": "judge you/decide your case/punish you",
"*mišpᵊṭêhem*": "their judgments/customs/legal decisions"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.25",
"source": "וְנָתַתִּ֨י קִנְאָתִ֜י בָּ֗ךְ וְעָשׂ֤וּ אוֹתָךְ֙ בְּחֵמָ֔ה אַפֵּ֤ךְ וְאָזְנַ֙יִךְ֙ יָסִ֔ירוּ וְאַחֲרִיתֵ֖ךְ בַּחֶ֣רֶב תִּפּ֑וֹל הֵ֗מָּה בָּנַ֤יִךְ וּבְנוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ וְאַחֲרִיתֵ֖ךְ תֵּאָכֵ֥ל בָּאֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "And I will *nātattî* [direct] *qinʾātî* [my jealousy] *bāk* [against you], and they will *ʿāśû* [deal] *ʾôtāk* [with you] *bᵊḥēmāh* [in fury]; *ʾappēk* and *ʾoznayik* [your nose and your ears] they will *yāsîrû* [remove], and *ʾaḥărîtēk* [your remnant] *baḥereb* [by the sword] *tippôl* [will fall]. *hēmmāh* [They] *bānayik* and *bᵊnôtayik* [your sons and your daughters] *yiqqāḥû* [will take], and *ʾaḥărîtēk* [your remnant] *tēʾākēl* [will be consumed] *bāʾēš* [by fire].",
"grammar": {
"*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place/direct",
"*qinʾātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my jealousy/zeal",
"*bāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - in/against you",
"*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will do/make/deal",
"*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you",
"*bᵊḥēmāh*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - in fury/wrath",
"*ʾappēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nose",
"*ʾoznayik*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ears",
"*yāsîrû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will remove/take away",
"*ʾaḥărîtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your remnant/posterity",
"*baḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - by the sword",
"*tippôl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will fall",
"*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural independent pronoun - they",
"*bānayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons",
"*bᵊnôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your daughters",
"*yiqqāḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will take",
"*tēʾākēl*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be consumed/devoured",
"*bāʾēš*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - by/with fire"
},
"variants": {
"*qinʾātî*": "my jealousy/zeal/ardor",
"*ʿāśû*": "deal with/treat/act toward",
"*bᵊḥēmāh*": "in fury/rage/wrath",
"*ʾappēk*": "your nose/face/anger",
"*yāsîrû*": "remove/take away/cut off",
"*ʾaḥărîtēk*": "your remnant/remainder/posterity",
"*tippôl*": "will fall/drop/be killed",
"*yiqqāḥû*": "take/seize/capture",
"*tēʾākēl*": "be consumed/devoured/burned"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.26",
"source": "וְהִפְשִׁיט֖וּךְ אֶת־בְּגָדָ֑יִךְ וְלָקְח֖וּ כְּלֵ֥י תִפְאַרְתֵּֽךְ׃",
"text": "And they will *hipšîṭûk* [strip you] *ʾet*-*bᵊgādāyik* [of your clothes], and *lāqᵊḥû* [take] *kᵊlê* *tipʾartēk* [the vessels/jewelry of your beauty].",
"grammar": {
"*hipšîṭûk*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will strip you",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*bᵊgādāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your clothes/garments",
"*lāqᵊḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will take",
"*kᵊlê*": "construct masculine plural - vessels/implements/jewelry of",
"*tipʾartēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty/glory/splendor"
},
"variants": {
"*hipšîṭûk*": "strip you/remove your clothing/plunder you",
"*bᵊgādāyik*": "your clothes/garments/attire",
"*kᵊlê*": "vessels/instruments/articles/jewelry",
"*tipʾartēk*": "your beauty/glory/splendor/adornment"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.27",
"source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֤י זִמָּתֵךְ֙ מִמֵּ֔ךְ וְאֶת־זְנוּתֵ֖ךְ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְלֹֽא־תִשְׂאִ֤י עֵינַ֙יִךְ֙ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וּמִצְרַ֖יִם לֹ֥א תִזְכְּרִי־עֽוֹד׃",
"text": "And I will *hišbattî* [make to cease] *zimmātēk* [your lewdness] *mimmēk* [from you], and *ʾet*-*zᵊnûtēk* [your prostitution] from *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* [land of Egypt]; and not *tiśʾî* [will you lift] *ʿênayik* [your eyes] *ʾălêhem* [to them], and *miṣrayim* [Egypt] not *tizkᵊrî*-*ʿôd* [will you remember anymore].",
"grammar": {
"*hišbattî*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will cause to cease/stop",
"*zimmātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness/wickedness",
"*mimmēk*": "preposition min with 2nd feminine singular suffix - from you",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*zᵊnûtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your prostitution/harlotry",
"*ʾereṣ*": "construct state - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*tiśʾî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will lift/raise",
"*ʿênayik*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eyes",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/toward them",
"*tizkᵊrî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will remember",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/anymore"
},
"variants": {
"*hišbattî*": "cause to cease/make to stop/end",
"*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/schemes",
"*zᵊnûtēk*": "your prostitution/harlotry/fornication",
"*tiśʾî*": "lift/raise/carry",
"*ʿênayik*": "your eyes/sight/gaze",
"*tizkᵊrî*": "remember/recall/mention"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.28",
"source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִי֙ נֹֽתְנָ֔ךְ בְּיַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׂנֵ֑את בְּיַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָקְעָ֥ה נַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ מֵהֶֽם׃",
"text": "For thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *hinᵊnî* *nōtᵊnāk* [Behold, I am giving you] *bᵊyad* *ʾăšer* *śānēʾt* [into the hand of those whom you hate], *bᵊyad* *ʾăšer*-*nāqᵊʿāh* *napšēk* *mēhem* [into the hand of those from whom your soul is alienated].",
"grammar": {
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord",
"*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)",
"*hinᵊnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am",
"*nōtᵊnāk*": "Qal participle feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - giving you",
"*bᵊyad*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - into the hand of",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom/which",
"*śānēʾt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you hated",
"*nāqᵊʿāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was alienated/turned away",
"*napšēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your soul",
"*mēhem*": "preposition min with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them"
},
"variants": {
"*nōtᵊnāk*": "giving you/delivering you/placing you",
"*bᵊyad*": "into the hand/power/control of",
"*śānēʾt*": "you hated/detested/abhorred",
"*nāqᵊʿāh*": "was alienated/turned away/dislocated",
"*napšēk*": "your soul/life/desire/self"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.29",
"source": "וְעָשׂ֨וּ אוֹתָ֜ךְ בְּשִׂנְאָ֗ה וְלָקְחוּ֙ כָּל־יְגִיעֵ֔ךְ וַעֲזָב֖וּךְ עֵירֹ֣ם וְעֶרְיָ֑ה וְנִגְלָה֙ עֶרְוַ֣ת זְנוּנַ֔יִךְ וְזִמָּתֵ֖ךְ וְתַזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃",
"text": "And they will *ʿāśû* [deal with] *ʾôtāk* [you] *bᵊśinʾāh* [in hatred], and *lāqᵊḥû* [take] all *yᵊgîʿēk* [your labor], and *ʿăzābûk* [leave you] *ʿêrōm* and *ʿeryāh* [naked and bare]; and *niglāh* [will be uncovered] *ʿerwat* *zᵊnûnayik* [the nakedness of your prostitutions], and *zimmātēk* [your lewdness] and *taznûtāyik* [your harlotries].",
"grammar": {
"*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will do/make/deal with",
"*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd feminine singular suffix - with you",
"*bᵊśinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun with preposition bet - in hatred",
"*lāqᵊḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they will take",
"*yᵊgîʿēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your labor/product/fruit",
"*ʿăzābûk*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will leave you",
"*ʿêrōm*": "masculine singular adjective - naked",
"*ʿeryāh*": "feminine singular adjective - bare/exposed",
"*niglāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it will be uncovered/revealed",
"*ʿerwat*": "construct feminine singular - nakedness of",
"*zᵊnûnayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your prostitutions",
"*zimmātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your lewdness/wickedness",
"*taznûtāyik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāśû*": "deal with/treat/act toward",
"*bᵊśinʾāh*": "in hatred/enmity/hostility",
"*yᵊgîʿēk*": "your labor/earnings/achievement",
"*ʿăzābûk*": "leave you/abandon you/forsake you",
"*ʿêrōm*": "naked/bare/uncovered",
"*ʿeryāh*": "bare/nude/exposed",
"*niglāh*": "be uncovered/revealed/exposed",
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness/shame/indecency of",
"*zᵊnûnayik*": "your prostitutions/acts of harlotry",
"*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/wickedness/schemes",
"*taznûtāyik*": "your harlotries/fornications"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.30",
"source": "עָשֹׂ֥ה אֵ֖לֶּה לָ֑ךְ בִּזְנוֹתֵךְ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י גוֹיִ֔ם עַ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־נִטְמֵ֖את בְּגִלּוּלֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "*ʿāśōh* [Doing] *ʾēlleh* [these things] *lāk* [to you] *biznôtēk* [for your prostituting] *ʾaḥărê* *gôyim* [after nations], *ʿal* *ʾăšer*-*niṭmēʾt* [because you are defiled] *bᵊgillûlêhem* [with their idols].",
"grammar": {
"*ʿāśōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - doing/to do",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective - these",
"*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to/for you",
"*biznôtēk*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - in your prostituting",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind",
"*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*niṭmēʾt*": "Niphal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you are defiled/unclean",
"*bᵊgillûlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and preposition bet - with their idols"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāśōh*": "doing/making/performing",
"*biznôtēk*": "your prostituting yourself/committing fornication",
"*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples",
"*niṭmēʾt*": "you are defiled/unclean/polluted",
"*bᵊgillûlêhem*": "with their idols/dung-pellets/abominations"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.31",
"source": "בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ אֲחוֹתֵ֖ךְ הָלָ֑כְתְּ וְנָתַתִּ֥י כוֹסָ֖הּ בְּיָדֵֽךְ׃",
"text": "In *derek* *ʾăḥôtēk* [the way of your sister] *hālākt* [you have walked]; and I will *nātattî* [give] *kôsāh* [her cup] *bᵊyādēk* [into your hand].",
"grammar": {
"*derek*": "construct masculine singular - way/path of",
"*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister",
"*hālākt*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you walked/went",
"*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - I will give/place",
"*kôsāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her cup",
"*bᵊyādēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix and preposition bet - into your hand"
},
"variants": {
"*derek*": "way/path/manner",
"*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative",
"*hālākt*": "you walked/went/followed",
"*kôsāh*": "her cup/fate/portion",
"*bᵊyādēk*": "into your hand/power/control"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.32",
"source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֔ה כּ֤וֹס אֲחוֹתֵךְ֙ תִּשְׁתִּ֔י הָעֲמֻקָּ֖ה וְהָרְחָבָ֑ה תִּהְיֶ֥ה לִצְחֹ֛ק וּלְלַ֖עַג מִרְבָּ֥ה לְהָכִֽיל׃",
"text": "Thus *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [says the Lord YHWH]: *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* [The cup of your sister] *tištî* [you shall drink], *hāʿămuqqāh* and *hārᵊḥābāh* [the deep and the wide]; *tihyeh* [it shall be] *liṣḥōq* and *lᵊlaʿag* [for scorn and for derision]; *mirbāh* *lᵊhākîl* [much to contain].",
"grammar": {
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said/declared",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord",
"*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)",
"*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of",
"*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister",
"*tištî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will drink",
"*hāʿămuqqāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the deep",
"*hārᵊḥābāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the wide",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be",
"*liṣḥōq*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for scorn/laughter",
"*lᵊlaʿag*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - for derision/mockery",
"*mirbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - much/abundant",
"*lᵊhākîl*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to contain/hold"
},
"variants": {
"*kôs*": "cup/vessel/portion",
"*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative",
"*tištî*": "you will drink/consume/endure",
"*hāʿămuqqāh*": "the deep/profound",
"*hārᵊḥābāh*": "the wide/broad/large",
"*liṣḥōq*": "for scorn/laughter/ridicule",
"*lᵊlaʿag*": "for derision/mockery/scoffing",
"*mirbāh*": "much/abundant/great",
"*lᵊhākîl*": "to contain/hold/receive"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.33",
"source": "שִׁכָּר֥וֹן וְיָג֖וֹן תִּמָּלֵ֑אִי כּ֚וֹס שַׁמָּ֣ה וּשְׁמָמָ֔ה כּ֖וֹס אֲחוֹתֵ֥ךְ שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃",
"text": "*šikkārôn* and *yāgôn* [Drunkenness and sorrow] *timmālēʾî* [you will be filled with]; *kôs* *šammāh* and *šᵊmāmāh* [a cup of horror and desolation]; *kôs* *ʾăḥôtēk* *šōmᵊrôn* [the cup of your sister Samaria].",
"grammar": {
"*šikkārôn*": "masculine singular noun - drunkenness/intoxication",
"*yāgôn*": "masculine singular noun - sorrow/grief",
"*timmālēʾî*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will be filled",
"*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of",
"*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - horror/astonishment",
"*šᵊmāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste",
"*kôs*": "construct feminine singular - cup of",
"*ʾăḥôtēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sister",
"*šōmᵊrôn*": "proper noun - Samaria"
},
"variants": {
"*šikkārôn*": "drunkenness/intoxication",
"*yāgôn*": "sorrow/grief/anguish",
"*timmālēʾî*": "you will be filled/satisfied/full",
"*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/dismay",
"*šᵊmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation",
"*ʾăḥôtēk*": "your sister/relative"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.34",
"source": "וְשָׁתִ֨ית אוֹתָ֜הּ וּמָצִ֗ית וְאֶת־חֲרָשֶׂ֛יהָ תְּגָרֵ֖מִי וְשָׁדַ֣יִךְ תְּנַתֵּ֑קִי כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י דִבַּ֔רְתִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃",
"text": "And *šātît* [you will drink] *ʾôtāh* [it] and *māṣît* [drain it out], and *ʾet*-*ḥărāśeyhā* [its sherds/fragments] *tᵊgārēmî* [you will gnaw], and *šādayik* [your breasts] *tᵊnattēqî* [you will tear off]; *kî* *ʾănî* *dibbartî* [for I have spoken], *nᵊʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *yᵊhwih* [declares the Lord YHWH].",
"grammar": {
"*šātît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you will drink",
"*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd feminine singular suffix - it",
"*māṣît*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular with waw consecutive - you will drain/suck out",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ḥărāśeyhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its sherds/fragments",
"*tᵊgārēmî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will gnaw/break",
"*šādayik*": "masculine dual noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your breasts",
"*tᵊnattēqî*": "Piel imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will tear off/pluck out",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I",
"*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular - I have spoken",
"*nᵊʾum*": "construct state - declaration of",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural possessive suffix (formal) - my Lord",
"*yᵊhwih*": "proper noun - YHWH (divine name)"
},
"variants": {
"*šātît*": "you will drink/consume",
"*māṣît*": "you will drain/suck out/empty",
"*ḥărāśeyhā*": "its sherds/fragments/pieces",
"*tᵊgārēmî*": "you will gnaw/crush with teeth/break",
"*šādayik*": "your breasts/chest",
"*tᵊnattēqî*": "you will tear off/pluck out/pull apart",
"*dibbartî*": "I have spoken/declared",
"*nᵊʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.35",
"source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה יַ֚עַן שָׁכַ֣חַתְּ אוֹתִ֔י וַתַּשְׁלִ֥יכִי אוֹתִ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י גַוֵּ֑ךְ וְגַם־אַ֛תְּ שְׂאִ֥י זִמָּתֵ֖ךְ וְאֶת־תַּזְנוּתָֽיִךְ׃ ס",
"text": "*lākēn* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *yaʿan* *šākaḥat* me *wattašlîkî* me *ʾaḥărê* *gawwēk* *wəgam*-you *śəʾî* *zimmātēk* and-*ʾet*-*taznûtāyik*",
"grammar": {
"*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus",
"*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because",
"*šākaḥat*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you forgot",
"*wattašlîkî*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you cast",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - behind/after",
"*gawwēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your back",
"*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also",
"*śəʾî*": "imperative, feminine singular - bear/carry",
"*zimmātēk*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness/lewdness",
"*taznûtāyik*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries/fornications"
},
"variants": {
"*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/accordingly",
"*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "behind/after/following",
"*gawwēk*": "your back/body",
"*śəʾî*": "bear/carry/lift up",
"*zimmātēk*": "your lewdness/shameful plans/evil schemes",
"*taznûtāyik*": "your harlotries/fornications/adulteries"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.36",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם הֲתִשְׁפּ֥וֹט אֶֽת־אָהֳלָ֖ה וְאֶת־אָהֳלִיבָ֑ה וְהַגֵּ֣ד לָהֶ֔ן אֵ֖ת תּוֹעֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽן׃",
"text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me *ben*-*ʾādām* *hătišpôṭ* *ʾet*-*ʾāholāh* and-*ʾet*-*ʾāholîbāh* *wəhaggēd* to-them *ʾēt* *tôʿăbôtêhen*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine construct - son of",
"*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/Adam",
"*hătišpôṭ*": "interrogative prefix with imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - will you judge?",
"*ʾāholāh*": "proper noun - Oholah (symbolizing Samaria)",
"*ʾāholîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolizing Jerusalem)",
"*wəhaggēd*": "conjunction with imperative, masculine singular - and declare/tell",
"*tôʿăbôtêhen*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their abominations"
},
"variants": {
"*ben*-*ʾādām*": "son of man/human/mortal man",
"*hătišpôṭ*": "will you judge/will you pronounce judgment on",
"*wəhaggēd*": "and declare/proclaim/tell",
"*tôʿăbôtêhen*": "their abominations/detestable practices/repulsive acts"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.37",
"source": "כִּ֣י נִאֵ֗פוּ וְדָם֙ בִּֽידֵיהֶ֔ן וְאֶת־גִּלּֽוּלֵיהֶ֖ן נִאֵ֑פוּ וְגַ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָֽלְדוּ־לִ֔י הֶעֱבִ֥ירוּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃",
"text": "For *niʾēpû* and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlêhen* *niʾēpû* *wəgam* *ʾet*-*bənêhen* *ʾăšer* *yāldû*-to-me *heʿĕbîrû* to-them *ləʾoklāh*",
"grammar": {
"*niʾēpû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they committed adultery",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood",
"*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands",
"*gillûlêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their idols",
"*wəgam*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and also",
"*bənêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their sons",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whom/that",
"*yāldû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they bore/gave birth to",
"*heʿĕbîrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they caused to pass over/through",
"*ləʾoklāh*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for food/consumption"
},
"variants": {
"*niʾēpû*": "they committed adultery/they were unfaithful",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt",
"*gillûlêhen*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images",
"*heʿĕbîrû*": "they caused to pass over/they offered/they sacrificed",
"*ləʾoklāh*": "for food/for consumption/to be devoured"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.38",
"source": "ע֥וֹד זֹ֖את עָ֣שׂוּ לִ֑י טִמְּא֤וּ אֶת־מִקְדָּשִׁי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּֽלוּ׃",
"text": "Yet *zōʾt* *ʿāśû* to-me *ṭimməʾû* *ʾet*-*miqdāšî* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* and-*ʾet*-*šabbətôtay* *ḥillēlû*",
"grammar": {
"*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this",
"*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they did/made",
"*ṭimməʾû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they defiled/made unclean",
"*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the day",
"*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*šabbətôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*ḥillēlû*": "piel perfect, 3rd plural - they profaned/desecrated"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāśû*": "they did/made/performed",
"*ṭimməʾû*": "they defiled/made unclean/desecrated",
"*miqdāšî*": "my sanctuary/my holy place",
"*hayyôm* *hahûʾ*": "that day/the same day",
"*ḥillēlû*": "they profaned/desecrated/violated"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.39",
"source": "וּֽבְשַׁחֲטָ֤ם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ לְגִלּ֣וּלֵיהֶ֔ם וַיָּבֹ֧אוּ אֶל־מִקְדָּשִׁ֛י בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא לְחַלְּל֑וֹ וְהִנֵּה־כֹ֥ה עָשׂ֖וּ בְּת֥וֹךְ בֵּיתִֽי׃",
"text": "And-in-*šaḥăṭām* *ʾet*-*bənêhem* to-*gillûlêhem* *wayyābōʾû* to-*miqdāšî* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* to-*ḥallələô* *wəhinnēh*-thus *ʿāśû* in-*tôk* *bêtî*",
"grammar": {
"*šaḥăṭām*": "infinitive construct with 3rd plural suffix - their slaughtering",
"*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons",
"*gillûlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their idols",
"*wayyābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came",
"*miqdāšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my sanctuary",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - the day",
"*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*ḥallələô*": "piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to profane it",
"*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold",
"*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they did/made",
"*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst/inside of",
"*bêtî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my house"
},
"variants": {
"*šaḥăṭām*": "their slaughtering/their sacrificing/their killing",
"*gillûlêhem*": "their idols/their dung-idols/their abominable images",
"*ḥallələô*": "to profane it/to desecrate it/to violate it",
"*tôk*": "midst/inside/within",
"*bêtî*": "my house/my temple/my dwelling"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.40",
"source": "וְאַ֗ף כִּ֤י תִשְׁלַ֙חְנָה֙ לַֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים בָּאִ֖ים מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק אֲשֶׁ֨ר מַלְאָ֜ךְ שָׁל֤וּחַ אֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְהִנֵּה־בָ֔אוּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר רָחַ֛צְתְּ כָּחַ֥לְתְּ עֵינַ֖יִךְ וְעָ֥דִית עֶֽדִי׃",
"text": "*wəʾap* that *tišlaḥnāh* to-*ʾănāšîm* *bāʾîm* from-*merḥāq* *ʾăšer* *malʾāk* *šālûaḥ* to-them *wəhinnēh*-*bāʾû* to-which *rāḥaṣt* *kāḥalt* *ʿênayik* and-*ʿādît* *ʿedî*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾap*": "conjunction with emphatic particle - and moreover/furthermore",
"*tišlaḥnāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they send",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men",
"*bāʾîm*": "participle, masculine plural - coming",
"*merḥāq*": "noun, masculine singular - distance/far place",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*malʾāk*": "noun, masculine singular - messenger",
"*šālûaḥ*": "passive participle, masculine singular - sent",
"*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with interjection - and behold",
"*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they came",
"*rāḥaṣt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you washed",
"*kāḥalt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you painted",
"*ʿênayik*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your eyes",
"*ʿādît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you adorned",
"*ʿedî*": "noun, masculine singular - ornament/jewelry"
},
"variants": {
"*wəʾap*": "and moreover/furthermore/even",
"*tišlaḥnāh*": "they send/dispatch",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "men/males",
"*merḥāq*": "distance/far away/afar",
"*malʾāk*": "messenger/envoy",
"*šālûaḥ*": "sent/dispatched",
"*rāḥaṣt*": "you washed/bathed",
"*kāḥalt*": "you painted/applied antimony to",
"*ʿādît*": "you adorned/decorated",
"*ʿedî*": "ornament/jewelry/adornment"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.41",
"source": "וְיָשַׁבְתְּ֙ עַל־מִטָּ֣ה כְבוּדָּ֔ה וְשֻׁלְחָ֥ן עָר֖וּךְ לְפָנֶ֑יהָ וּקְטָרְתִּ֥י וְשַׁמְנִ֖י שַׂ֥מְתְּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And-*yāšabt* on-*miṭṭāh* *kəbûddāh* and-*šulḥān* *ʿārûk* before-her and-*qəṭortî* and-*šamnî* *śamt* upon-her",
"grammar": {
"*yāšabt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you sat",
"*miṭṭāh*": "noun, feminine singular - bed/couch",
"*kəbûddāh*": "passive participle, feminine singular - glorious/stately",
"*šulḥān*": "noun, masculine singular - table",
"*ʿārûk*": "passive participle, masculine singular - arranged/prepared",
"*qəṭortî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my incense",
"*šamnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my oil",
"*śamt*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you placed/put"
},
"variants": {
"*yāšabt*": "you sat/reclined",
"*miṭṭāh*": "bed/couch/divan",
"*kəbûddāh*": "glorious/stately/splendid",
"*šulḥān*": "table/dining table",
"*ʿārûk*": "arranged/prepared/set in order",
"*qəṭortî*": "my incense/my fragrant offering",
"*šamnî*": "my oil/my ointment",
"*śamt*": "you placed/put/set"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.42",
"source": "וְק֣וֹל הָמוֹן֮ שָׁלֵ֣ו בָהּ֒ וְאֶל־אֲנָשִׁים֙ מֵרֹ֣ב אָדָ֔ם מוּבָאִ֥ים *סובאים* **סָבָאִ֖ים מִמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַֽיִּתְּנ֤וּ צְמִידִים֙ אֶל־יְדֵיהֶ֔ן וַעֲטֶ֥רֶת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת עַל־רָאשֵׁיהֶֽן׃",
"text": "And-*qôl* *hāmôn* *šālēw* in-her and-to-*ʾănāšîm* from-*rōb* *ʾādām* *mûbāʾîm* *sābāʾîm* from-*midbār* *wayyittənû* *ṣəmîdîm* to-*yədêhen* and-*ʿăṭeret* *tipʾeret* on-*rāʾšêhen*",
"grammar": {
"*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice/sound of",
"*hāmôn*": "noun, masculine singular - multitude/crowd",
"*šālēw*": "adjective, masculine singular - at ease/carefree",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men",
"*rōb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - abundance/multitude of",
"*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind",
"*mûbāʾîm*": "hophal participle, masculine plural - being brought",
"*sābāʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - drunkards/Sabeans",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert",
"*wayyittənû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd plural - and they put/gave",
"*ṣəmîdîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bracelets",
"*yədêhen*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their hands",
"*ʿăṭeret*": "noun, feminine singular construct - crown of",
"*tipʾeret*": "noun, feminine singular - beauty/glory",
"*rāʾšêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their heads"
},
"variants": {
"*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise",
"*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/throng",
"*šālēw*": "at ease/carefree/tranquil",
"*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/great number",
"*mûbāʾîm*": "being brought/imported/led in",
"*sābāʾîm*": "drunkards/Sabeans (people from Sheba)",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/steppe",
"*ṣəmîdîm*": "bracelets/armlets",
"*ʿăṭeret*": "crown/diadem",
"*tipʾeret*": "beauty/glory/splendor"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.43",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר לַבָּלָ֖ה נִֽאוּפִ֑ים *עת* **עַתָּ֛ה *יזנה* **יִזְנ֥וּ תַזְנוּתֶ֖הָ וָהִֽיא׃",
"text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-*bālāh* *niʾûpîm* *ʿattāh* *yiznû* *taznûtehā* and-she",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōmar*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I say/said",
"*bālāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - worn out/consumed",
"*niʾûpîm*": "noun, masculine plural - adulteries",
"*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now",
"*yiznû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they commit fornication",
"*taznûtehā*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her fornication"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōmar*": "I say/said/thought",
"*bālāh*": "worn out/consumed/old",
"*niʾûpîm*": "adulteries/acts of unfaithfulness",
"*yiznû*": "they commit fornication/they prostitute themselves",
"*taznûtehā*": "her fornication/her prostitution/her harlotry"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.44",
"source": "וַיָּב֣וֹא אֵלֶ֔יהָ כְּב֖וֹא אֶל־אִשָּׁ֣ה זוֹנָ֑ה כֵּ֣ן בָּ֗אוּ אֶֽל־אָֽהֳלָה֙ וְאֶל־אָ֣הֳלִיבָ֔ה אִשֹּׁ֖ת הַזִּמָּֽה׃",
"text": "*wayyābôʾ* to-her like-*bôʾ* to-*ʾiššāh* *zônāh* thus *bāʾû* to-*ʾāholāh* and-to-*ʾāholîbāh* *ʾiššōt* *hazimmāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyābôʾ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came",
"*bôʾ*": "infinitive construct - coming/entering",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman",
"*zônāh*": "participle, feminine singular - prostituting/harlot",
"*bāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they came",
"*ʾāholāh*": "proper noun - Oholah (symbolizing Samaria)",
"*ʾāholîbāh*": "proper noun - Oholibah (symbolizing Jerusalem)",
"*ʾiššōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - women of",
"*hazimmāh*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the lewdness"
},
"variants": {
"*bôʾ*": "coming/entering/going in to",
"*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife",
"*zônāh*": "prostitute/harlot",
"*ʾiššōt*": "women/wives of",
"*hazimmāh*": "the lewdness/the depravity/the wickedness"
}
}
45 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.45",
"source": "וַאֲנָשִׁ֣ים צַדִּיקִ֗ם הֵ֚מָּה יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ אֽוֹתְהֶ֔ם מִשְׁפַּט֙ נֹֽאֲפ֔וֹת וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט שֹׁפְכ֣וֹת דָּ֑ם כִּ֤י נֹֽאֲפֹת֙ הֵ֔נָּה וְדָ֖ם בִּֽידֵיהֶֽן׃ ס",
"text": "And-*ʾănāšîm* *ṣaddîqim* they *yišpəṭû* them *mišpaṭ* *nōʾăpôt* and-*mišpaṭ* *šōpəkôt* *dām* for *nōʾăpōt* they and-*dām* in-*bîdêhen*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men",
"*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous",
"*yišpəṭû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will judge",
"*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment of",
"*nōʾăpôt*": "participle, feminine plural - committing adultery/adulteresses",
"*šōpəkôt*": "participle, feminine plural - pouring out/shedding",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood",
"*nōʾăpōt*": "participle, feminine plural - committing adultery/adulteresses",
"*bîdêhen*": "preposition with noun, feminine dual with 3rd feminine plural suffix - in their hands"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾănāšîm*": "men/males",
"*ṣaddîqim*": "righteous/just/correct",
"*yišpəṭû*": "they will judge/they will pronounce judgment",
"*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/verdict/sentence",
"*nōʾăpôt*": "adulteresses/women who commit adultery",
"*šōpəkôt*": "shedding/pouring out/spilling",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt"
}
}
46 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.46",
"source": "כִּ֛י כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הַעֲלֵ֤ה עֲלֵיהֶם֙ קָהָ֔ל וְנָתֹ֥ן אֶתְהֶ֖ן לְזַעֲוָ֥ה וְלָבַֽז׃",
"text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *haʿălēh* upon-them *qāhāl* and-*nātōn* them to-*zaʿăwāh* and-to-*lābaz*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*haʿălēh*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - bring up/cause to come up",
"*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation",
"*nātōn*": "infinitive absolute - giving",
"*zaʿăwāh*": "noun, feminine singular - horror/terror",
"*lābaz*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - for plunder"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared",
"*haʿălēh*": "bring up/raise up/summon",
"*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/crowd",
"*nātōn*": "giving/surrendering",
"*zaʿăwāh*": "horror/terror/object of trembling",
"*lābaz*": "for plunder/for spoil/for prey"
}
}
47 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.47",
"source": "וְרָגְמ֨וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֥ן אֶ֙בֶן֙ קָהָ֔ל וּבָרֵ֥א אוֹתְהֶ֖ן בְּחַרְבוֹתָ֑ם בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וּבְנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ יַהֲרֹ֔גוּ וּבָתֵּיהֶ֖ן בָּאֵ֥שׁ יִשְׂרֹֽפוּ׃",
"text": "And-*rāgəmû* upon-them *ʾeben* *qāhāl* and-*bārēʾ* them with-*ḥarbôtām* *bənêhem* and-*bənôtêhem* *yahărōgû* and-*bāttêhen* with-*ʾēš* *yiśrōpû*",
"grammar": {
"*rāgəmû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will stone",
"*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone",
"*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular - assembly/congregation",
"*bārēʾ*": "piel infinitive construct - cut down/dispatch",
"*ḥarbôtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their swords",
"*bənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their sons",
"*bənôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their daughters",
"*yahărōgû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will kill",
"*bāttêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine plural suffix - their houses",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*yiśrōpû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural - they will burn"
},
"variants": {
"*rāgəmû*": "they will stone/they will pelt with stones",
"*bārēʾ*": "cut down/dispatch/slay",
"*ḥarbôtām*": "their swords/their weapons",
"*yahărōgû*": "they will kill/they will slay",
"*yiśrōpû*": "they will burn/they will set on fire"
}
}
48 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.48",
"source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֥י זִמָּ֖ה מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְנִֽוַּסְּרוּ֙ כָּל־הַנָּשִׁ֔ים וְלֹ֥א תַעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה כְּזִמַּתְכֶֽנָה׃",
"text": "And-*hišbattî* *zimmāh* from-*hāʾāreṣ* and-*niwwassərû* all-*hannāšîm* and-not *taʿăśênāh* like-*zimmatkēnāh*",
"grammar": {
"*hišbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will cause to cease",
"*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - lewdness",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article with noun, feminine singular - the land",
"*niwwassərû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd plural - they will be instructed/chastised",
"*hannāšîm*": "definite article with noun, feminine plural - the women",
"*taʿăśênāh*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will do",
"*zimmatkēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) lewdness"
},
"variants": {
"*hišbattî*": "I will cause to cease/I will put an end to",
"*zimmāh*": "lewdness/depravity/shameful conduct",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/the earth/the country",
"*niwwassərû*": "they will be instructed/disciplined/chastised",
"*taʿăśênāh*": "they will do/act/perform",
"*zimmatkēnāh*": "your lewdness/your shameful conduct"
}
}
49 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.23.49",
"source": "וְנָתְנ֤וּ זִמַּתְכֶ֙נָה֙ עֲלֵיכֶ֔ן וַחֲטָאֵ֥י גִלּוּלֵיכֶ֖ן תִּשֶּׂ֑אינָה וִידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ פ",
"text": "And-*nātnû* *zimmatkēnāh* upon-you and-*ḥăṭāʾê* *gillûlêken* *tiśśeʾnāh* and-*wîdaʿtem* that I *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they will give/place",
"*zimmatkēnāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) lewdness",
"*ḥăṭāʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sins of",
"*gillûlêken*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd feminine plural suffix - your (pl) idols",
"*tiśśeʾnāh*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine plural - you will bear",
"*wîdaʿtem*": "perfect, 2nd masculine plural with waw-consecutive - and you will know",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*nātnû*": "they will give/place/put",
"*zimmatkēnāh*": "your lewdness/wickedness/shameful conduct",
"*ḥăṭāʾê*": "sins of/guilt of",
"*gillûlêken*": "your idols/your dung-idols",
"*tiśśeʾnāh*": "you will bear/carry/endure",
"*wîdaʿtem*": "and you will know/recognize/acknowledge"
}
}