Ezekiel 31:14

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.14", "source": "לְמַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ לֹא־יִגְבְּה֨וּ בְקוֹמָתָ֜ם כָּל־עֲצֵי־מַ֗יִם וְלֹֽא־יִתְּנ֤וּ אֶת־צַמַּרְתָּם֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ין עֲבֹתִ֔ים וְלֹֽא־יַעַמְד֧וּ אֵלֵיהֶ֛ם בְּגָבְהָ֖ם כָּל־שֹׁ֣תֵי מָ֑יִם כִּֽי־כֻלָּם֩ נִתְּנ֨וּ לַמָּ֜וֶת אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֛וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י אָדָ֖ם אֶל־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר", "text": "In order that *ʾăšer* not *yigbəhû* in *qômātām* all *ʿăṣê-mayim* and not *yittənû* *ʾet-ṣammartām* to between *ʿăḇōtîm* and not *yaʿamdû* to them in *ḡāḇhām* all *šōtê* *māyim* for *kullām* *nittənû* to the *māwet* to *ʾereṣ* *taḥtît* in midst *bənê* *ʾādām* to *yôrədê* *ḇôr*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*yigbəhû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be high/exalted", "*qômātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height/stature", "*ʿăṣê-mayim*": "construct chain - trees of water", "*yittənû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place", "*ʾet-ṣammartām*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their top/crown", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thick clouds", "*yaʿamdû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will stand", "*ḡāḇhām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height", "*šōtê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - drinkers of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*nittənû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are given/consigned", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the death", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/humanity", "*yôrədê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those going down to", "*ḇôr*": "noun, masculine singular - pit/grave" }, "variants": { "*ʿăṣê-mayim*": "trees of water/well-watered trees", "*ʾet-ṣammartām*": "their top/their crown/their highest point", "*ʿăḇōtîm*": "thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets", "*šōtê māyim*": "drinkers of water/well-watered ones", "*ʾereṣ taḥtît*": "lower land/netherworld/underworld" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לְמַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁר֩ לֹא־יִגְבְּה֨וּ בְקוֹמָתָ֜ם כָּל־עֲצֵי־מַ֗יִם וְלֹֽא־יִתְּנ֤וּ אֶת־צַמַּרְתָּם֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ין עֲבֹתִ֔ים וְלֹֽא־יַעַמְד֧וּ אֵלֵיהֶ֛ם בְּגָבְהָ֖ם כָּל־שֹׁ֣תֵי מָ֑יִם כִּֽי־כֻלָּם֩ נִתְּנ֨וּ לַמָּ֜וֶת אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֛וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י אָדָ֖ם אֶל־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר

Transliteration

In order that ʾăšer not yigbəhû in qômātām all ʿăṣê-mayim and not yittənû ʾet-ṣammartām to between ʿăḇōtîm and not yaʿamdû to them in ḡāḇhām all šōtê māyim for kullām nittənû to the māwet to ʾereṣ taḥtît in midst bənê ʾādām to yôrədê ḇôr

Grammar Details

• *ʾăšer*: relative particle - which/that
• *yigbəhû*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be high/exalted
• *qômātām*: noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height/stature
• *ʿăṣê-mayim*: construct chain - trees of water
• *yittənû*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will set/place
• *ʾet-ṣammartām*: direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their top/crown
• *ʿăḇōtîm*: noun, masculine plural - leafy branches/thick clouds
• *yaʿamdû*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will stand
• *ḡāḇhām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their height
• *šōtê*: qal participle, masculine plural construct - drinkers of
• *māyim*: noun, masculine plural - water
• *kullām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them
• *nittənû*: niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they are given/consigned
• *māwet*: noun, masculine singular with definite article - the death
• *ʾereṣ*: noun, feminine singular construct - land of
• *taḥtît*: adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether
• *bənê*: noun, masculine plural construct - sons of
• *ʾādām*: noun, masculine singular - man/humanity
• *yôrədê*: qal participle, masculine plural construct - those going down to
• *ḇôr*: noun, masculine singular - pit/grave

Word Meanings

• *ʿăṣê-mayim*: trees of water/well-watered trees
• *ʾet-ṣammartām*: their top/their crown/their highest point
• *ʿăḇōtîm*: thick branches/leafy boughs/clouds/thickets
• *šōtê māyim*: drinkers of water/well-watered ones
• *ʾereṣ taḥtît*: lower land/netherworld/underworld

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  This happened so that no trees beside the abundant waters may grow tall enough to reach the clouds, nor lift their tops among the thick branches, and no trees that drink water will stand before them in their height. For they have all been consigned to death, to the lower earth, among the sons of men, with those who go down to the pit.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  To the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves for their height, neither shoot up their top among the thick boughs, neither their trees stand up in their height, all that drink water: for they are all delivered unto death, to the nether parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with them that go down to the pit.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  So that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves for their height, nor set their top among the thick boughs, nor any tree stand up to its height, all that drink water; for they are all delivered to death, to the lower parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with those who go down to the pit.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  To the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves for their height, neither shoot up their top among the thick boughs, neither their trees stand up in their height, all that drink water: for they are all delivered unto death, to the nether parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with them that go down to the pit.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  to the end that none of all the trees{H6086} by the waters{H4325} exalt{H1361} themselves in their stature,{H6967} neither set{H5414} their top{H6788} among the thick boughs,{H5688} nor that their mighty ones{H352} stand up{H5975} on their height,{H1363} even all that drink{H8354} water:{H4325} for they are all delivered{H5414} unto death,{H4194} to the nether parts{H8482} of the earth,{H776} in the midst{H8432} of the children{H1121} of men,{H120} with them that go down{H3381} to the pit.{H953}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  To the end that none of all the trees{H6086} by the waters{H4325} exalt{H1361}{(H8799)} themselves for their height{H6967}, neither shoot up{H5414}{(H8799)} their top{H6788} among the thick boughs{H5688}, neither their trees{H352} stand up{H5975}{(H8799)} in their height{H1363}, all that drink{H8354}{(H8802)} water{H4325}: for they are all delivered{H5414}{(H8738)} unto death{H4194}, to the nether parts{H8482} of the earth{H776}, in the midst{H8432} of the children{H1121} of men{H120}, with them that go down{H3381}{(H8802)} to the pit{H953}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  so that from hence forth, no tre in the water shall attayne to his hyenesse, nor reach his toppe vnto the cloudes, nether shall eny tre off the water stonde so hye, as he hath done. For vnto death shall they all be delyuered vnder the earth, and go downe to ye graue, like other men.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So that none of all the trees by the waters shalbe exalted by their height, neither shall shoote vp their toppe among the thicke boughes, neither shall their leaues stand vp in their height, which drinke so much water: for they are all deliuered vnto death in the nether partes of the earth in the middes of the children of men among them that goe downe to the pit.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  So that none of all the trees by the waters shalbe exalted in their heyght, nor shoot vp their toppes among the thycke bowes, neither shall their trees stande in their heyght, as many of them as drinke water: for they are all deliuered vnto death in the neather partes of the earth, in the mids of the children of men among them that go downe to the pit.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  To the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves for their height, neither shoot up their top among the thick boughs, neither their trees stand up in their height, all that drink water: for they are all delivered unto death, to the nether parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with them that go down to the pit.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  to the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves in their stature, neither set their top among the thick boughs, nor that their mighty ones stand up on their height, [even] all who drink water: for they are all delivered to death, to the lower parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with those who go down to the pit.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  In order that none of the trees of the waters May become haughty because of their stature, Nor give their foliage between thickets, Nor any drinking waters stand up unto them in their haughtiness, For all of them are given up to death, Unto the earth -- the lower part, In the midst of the sons of men, Unto those going down to the pit.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  to the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves in their stature, neither set their top among the thick boughs, nor that their mighty ones stand up on their height, `even' all that drink water: for they are all delivered unto death, to the nether parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with them that go down to the pit.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  to the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves in their stature, neither set their top among the thick boughs, nor that their mighty ones stand up on their height, [even] all that drink water: for they are all delivered unto death, to the nether parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with them that go down to the pit.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  In order that no trees by the waters may be lifted up in their growth, putting their tops among the clouds; and that no trees which are watered may take their place on high: for they are all given up to death, to the lowest parts of the earth among the children of men, with those who go down to the underworld.

• World English Bible (2000)

  to the end that none of all the trees by the waters exalt themselves in their stature, neither set their top among the thick boughs, nor that their mighty ones stand up on their height, [even] all who drink water: for they are all delivered to death, to the lower parts of the earth, in the midst of the children of men, with those who go down to the pit.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For this reason no watered trees will grow so tall; their tops will not reach into the clouds, nor will the well-watered ones grow that high. For all of them have been appointed to die in the lower parts of the earth; they will be among mere mortals, with those who descend to the Pit.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 82:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.82.7", "source": "אָ֭כֵן כְּאָדָ֣ם תְּמוּת֑וּן וּכְאַחַ֖ד הַשָּׂרִ֣ים תִּפֹּֽלוּ׃", "text": "*ʾākēn* like-*ʾādām* *təmûtûn* and-like-one-of the-*śārîm* *tippōlû*", "grammar": { "*ʾākēn*": "adverb - surely/indeed/nevertheless", "like-*ʾādām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - like man/mankind/Adam", "*təmûtûn*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural paragogic nun - you shall die", "and-like-one-of": "conjunction + preposition + construct - and like one of", "the-*śārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the princes/rulers", "*tippōlû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall fall" }, "variants": { "*ʾākēn*": "surely/truly/nevertheless/yet", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humankind/Adam", "*təmûtûn*": "you will die/you shall die", "*śārîm*": "princes/rulers/officials/chiefs", "*tippōlû*": "fall/fall down/be cast down" } }
• Ezek 26:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.20", "source": "וְהוֹרַדְתִּיךְ֩ אֶת־י֨וֹרְדֵי ב֜וֹר אֶל־עַ֣ם עוֹלָ֗ם וְ֠הוֹשַׁבְתִּיךְ בְּאֶ֨רֶץ תַּחְתִּיּ֜וֹת כָּחֳרָב֤וֹת מֵֽעוֹלָם֙ אֶת־י֣וֹרְדֵי ב֔וֹר לְמַ֖עַן לֹ֣א תֵשֵׁ֑בִי וְנָתַתִּ֥י צְבִ֖י בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wehôradtîk* with *yôredê* *bôr* to *'am* *'ôlām*, and *wehôshabtîk* in *'erets* *tachtiyyôt* like *kochorābôt* from *mē'ôlām* with *yôredê* *bôr*, so that not *tēshēbî*; and *wenātattî* *tsebî* in *'erets* *chayyîm*.", "grammar": { "*wehôradtîk*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will bring you down", "*yôredê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who go down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit", "*'am*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*'ôlām*": "masculine singular noun - long duration/antiquity", "*wehôshabtîk*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will make you dwell", "*'erets*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*tachtiyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - lower parts", "*kochorābôt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - like ruins", "*mē'ôlām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from ancient time", "*yôredê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who go down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit", "*tēshēbî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be inhabited", "*wenātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will set", "*tsebî*": "masculine singular noun - beauty/glory", "*'erets*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*chayyîm*": "masculine plural noun - living" }, "variants": { "*yôredê bôr*": "those who go down to the pit/those who descend to the grave", "*'am 'ôlām*": "people of old/ancient people/people of long ago", "*'erets tachtiyyôt*": "land of the depths/netherworld/lowest parts of the earth", "*tsebî*": "beauty/glory/splendor", "*'erets chayyîm*": "land of the living/realm of life" } }
• Ezek 31:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.31.18", "source": "אֶל־מִ֨י דָמִ֥יתָ כָּ֛כָה בְּכָב֥וֹד וּבְגֹ֖דֶל בַּעֲצֵי־עֵ֑דֶן וְהוּרַדְתָּ֨ אֶת־עֲצֵי־עֵ֜דֶן אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֨וֹךְ עֲרֵלִ֤ים תִּשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב ה֤וּא פַרְעֹה֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנֹ֔ה נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה", "text": "To whom *dāmîtā* thus in *kāḇôd* and in *ḡōdel* among *ʿăṣê-ʿēden* and *hûradtā* *ʾet-ʿăṣê-ʿēden* to *ʾereṣ* *taḥtît* in midst *ʿărēlîm* *tiškab* with *ḥalǝlê-ḥereḇ* he *parʿōh* and all *hămônōh* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*dāmîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you resembled/were like", "*kāḇôd*": "noun, masculine singular - glory/honor", "*ḡōdel*": "noun, masculine singular - greatness/magnificence", "*ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "construct chain - trees of Eden", "*hûradtā*": "hophal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were brought down", "*ʾet-ʿăṣê-ʿēden*": "direct object marker + construct chain - trees of Eden", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine singular - lower/nether", "*ʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - uncircumcised ones", "*tiškab*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will lie down", "*ḥalǝlê-ḥereḇ*": "construct chain - slain of sword", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*hămônōh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his multitude", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*dāmîtā*": "you resembled/you were compared/you were like", "*ʾereṣ taḥtît*": "lower land/netherworld/underworld", "*ʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/uncircumcised peoples/pagan peoples", "*ḥalǝlê-ḥereḇ*": "slain of sword/those pierced by sword/victims of sword", "*hămônōh*": "his multitude/his crowd/his wealth/his abundance", "*nəʾum*": "declaration of/oracle of/says" } }
• Ezek 32:18-32 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.18", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם נְהֵ֛ה עַל־הֲמ֥וֹן מִצְרַ֖יִם וְהוֹרִדֵ֑הוּ א֠וֹתָהּ וּבְנ֨וֹת גּוֹיִ֧ם אַדִּרִ֛ם אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ תַּחְתִּיּ֖וֹת אֶת־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃", "text": "*Ben*-*'ādām* *nĕhēh* upon-*hămôn miṣrayim* and *hôrîdēhû* her and *bĕnôt gôyim 'addîrim* unto-*'ereṣ taḥtiyyôt* *'et*-*yôrĕdêy bôr*.", "grammar": { "*ben-'ādām*": "construct chain - son of man/human", "*nĕhēh*": "qal imperative ms - wail/lament", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular noun - multitude of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*hôrîdēhû*": "hiphil imperative ms with 3ms suffix - bring it down", "*bĕnôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*'addîrim*": "masculine plural adjective - mighty/majestic", "*'ereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - land of", "*taḥtiyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - depths/lower parts", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*yôrĕdêy*": "qal participle masculine plural - those going down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit" }, "variants": { "*nĕhēh*": "wail/lament/make a mournful sound", "*hôrîdēhû*": "bring it down/cause it to descend", "*'addîrim*": "mighty/majestic/glorious", "*taḥtiyyôt*": "lowest parts/depths/netherworld", "*bôr*": "pit/grave/cistern" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.19", "source": "מִמִּ֖י נָעָ֑מְתָּ רְדָ֥ה וְהָשְׁכְּבָ֖ה אֶת־עֲרֵלִֽים׃", "text": "From whom *nā'āmtā* *rĕdâh* and *hāshkĕbâh* *'et*-*'ărēlîm*.", "grammar": { "*nā'āmtā*": "qal perfect 2ms - you were pleasant", "*rĕdâh*": "qal imperative ms - go down", "*hāshkĕbâh*": "hophal imperative ms - be laid down", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones" }, "variants": { "*nā'āmtā*": "you were pleasant/you were lovely/whom do you surpass in beauty", "*rĕdâh*": "go down/descend", "*hāshkĕbâh*": "be laid down/be laid to rest", "*'ărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/uncircumcised" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.20", "source": "בְּת֥וֹךְ חַלְלֵי־חֶ֖רֶב יִפֹּ֑לוּ חֶ֣רֶב נִתָּ֔נָה מָשְׁכ֥וּ אוֹתָ֖הּ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "In midst *ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥereb* *yippōlû* *ḥereb* *nittānâh* *māshĕkû* her and all-*hămônehā*.", "grammar": { "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*yippōlû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they will fall", "*nittānâh*": "niphal perfect 3fs - she is given", "*māshĕkû*": "qal imperative mp - draw/drag", "*hămônehā*": "masculine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her multitude" }, "variants": { "*ḥalĕlêy-ḥereb*": "those slain by the sword", "*nittānâh*": "she is given/it is delivered", "*māshĕkû*": "draw/drag/pull" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.21", "source": "יְדַבְּרוּ־ל֞וֹ אֵלֵ֧י גִבּוֹרִ֛ים מִתּ֥וֹךְ שְׁא֖וֹל אֶת־עֹֽזְרָ֑יו יָֽרְד֛וּ שָׁכְב֥וּ הָעֲרֵלִ֖ים חַלְלֵי־חָֽרֶב׃", "text": "*Yĕdabbĕrû*-to him *'êlêy gibbôrîm* from midst *shĕ'ôl* *'et*-*'ōzĕrāyw* *yārĕdû* *shākĕbû* the *'ărēlîm* *ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*yĕdabbĕrû*": "piel imperfect 3mp - they will speak", "*'êlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - mighty ones of", "*gibbôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - mighty ones", "*shĕ'ôl*": "proper noun - Sheol", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*'ōzĕrāyw*": "qal participle masculine plural with 3ms suffix - his helpers", "*yārĕdû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they have gone down", "*shākĕbû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they lie", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the uncircumcised", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword" }, "variants": { "*'êlêy gibbôrîm*": "mighty heroes/chief warriors/strongest of the mighty", "*shĕ'ôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave", "*'ōzĕrāyw*": "his helpers/his allies", "*ḥalĕlêy-ḥāreb*": "those slain by the sword" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.22", "source": "שָׁ֤ם אַשּׁוּר֙ וְכָל־קְהָלָ֔הּ סְבִֽיבוֹתָ֖יו קִבְרֹתָ֑יו כֻּלָּ֣ם חֲלָלִ֔ים הַנֹּפְלִ֖ים בֶּחָֽרֶב׃", "text": "There *'ashshûr* and all-*qĕhālāh* *sĕbîbôtāyw* *qibrōtāyw* all of them *ḥălālîm* the *nōphĕlîm* in *ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*'ashshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria/Ashur", "*qĕhālāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her assembly", "*sĕbîbôtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3ms suffix - around him", "*qibrōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3ms suffix - his graves", "*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural noun - slain ones", "*nōphĕlîm*": "qal participle masculine plural with definite article - the fallen", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword" }, "variants": { "*qĕhālāh*": "her assembly/her company/her congregation", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain ones/those pierced" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.23", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִתְּנ֤וּ קִבְרֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ בְּיַרְכְּתֵי־ב֔וֹר וַיְהִ֣י קְהָלָ֔הּ סְבִיב֖וֹת קְבֻרָתָ֑הּ כֻּלָּ֤ם חֲלָלִים֙ נֹפְלִ֣ים בַּחֶ֔רֶב אֲשֶׁר־נָתְנ֥וּ חִתִּ֖ית בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃", "text": "Who *nittĕnû* *qibrōtêhā* in *yarkĕtêy*-*bôr* and *way'hî* *qĕhālāh* *sĕbîbôt* *qĕburātāh* all of them *ḥălālîm* *nōphĕlîm* in the *ḥereb* who-*nātĕnû* *ḥittît* in *'ereṣ ḥayyîm*.", "grammar": { "*nittĕnû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they are placed", "*qibrōtêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3fs suffix - her graves", "*yarkĕtêy*": "construct state, feminine plural noun - sides of", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit", "*way'hî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it is", "*qĕhālāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her assembly", "*sĕbîbôt*": "feminine plural noun - around", "*qĕburātāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her grave", "*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural noun - slain ones", "*nōphĕlîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - falling ones", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*nātĕnû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they gave", "*ḥittît*": "feminine singular noun - terror", "*'ereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - land of", "*ḥayyîm*": "masculine plural noun - living" }, "variants": { "*nittĕnû*": "they are placed/they are assigned", "*yarkĕtêy*": "sides/remotest parts/depths", "*qĕhālāh*": "her assembly/her company/her host", "*ḥittît*": "terror/dread/fear" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.24", "source": "שָׁ֤ם עֵילָם֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנָ֔הּ סְבִיב֖וֹת קְבֻרָתָ֑הּ כֻּלָּ֣ם חֲלָלִים֩ הַנֹּפְלִ֨ים בַּחֶ֜רֶב אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־יָרְד֥וּ עֲרֵלִ֣ים ׀ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּיּ֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתְנ֤וּ חִתִּיתָם֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֔ים וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ כְלִמָּתָ֖ם אֶת־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃", "text": "There *'êylām* and all-*hămônāh* *sĕbîbôt* *qĕburātāh* all of them *ḥălālîm* the *nōphĕlîm* in the *ḥereb* who-*yārĕdû* *'ărēlîm* to-*'ereṣ taḥtiyyôt* who *nātĕnû* *ḥittîtām* in *'ereṣ ḥayyîm* and *yiśĕ'û* *kĕlimmātām* *'et*-*yôrĕdêy bôr*.", "grammar": { "*'êylām*": "proper noun - Elam", "*hămônāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her multitude", "*sĕbîbôt*": "feminine plural noun - around", "*qĕburātāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her grave", "*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural noun - slain ones", "*nōphĕlîm*": "qal participle masculine plural with definite article - the fallen", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*yārĕdû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they went down", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*'ereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - land of", "*taḥtiyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - depths/lower parts", "*nātĕnû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they gave", "*ḥittîtām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their terror", "*'ereṣ ḥayyîm*": "land of living", "*yiśĕ'û*": "qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they bear", "*kĕlimmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their shame", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*yôrĕdêy*": "qal participle masculine plural - those going down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit" }, "variants": { "*ḥittîtām*": "their terror/their dread", "*yiśĕ'û*": "they bear/they carry", "*kĕlimmātām*": "their shame/their disgrace", "*taḥtiyyôt*": "lowest parts/depths/netherworld" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.25", "source": "בְּת֣וֹךְ חֲ֠לָלִים נָתְנ֨וּ מִשְׁכָּ֥ב לָהּ֙ בְּכָל־הֲמוֹנָ֔הּ סְבִֽיבוֹתָ֖יו קִבְרֹתֶ֑הָ כֻּלָּ֣ם עֲרֵלִ֣ים חַלְלֵי־חֶ֡רֶב כִּֽי־נִתַּ֨ן חִתִּיתָ֜ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֗ים וַיִּשְׂא֤וּ כְלִמָּתָם֙ אֶת־י֣וֹרְדֵי ב֔וֹר בְּת֥וֹךְ חֲלָלִ֖ים נִתָּֽן׃", "text": "In midst *ḥălālîm* *nātĕnû* *mishkāb* to her in all-*hămônāh* *sĕbîbôtāyw* *qibrōtehā* all of them *'ărēlîm* *ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥereb* for-*nittan* *ḥittîtām* in *'ereṣ ḥayyîm* and *yiśĕ'û* *kĕlimmātām* *'et*-*yôrĕdêy bôr* in midst *ḥălālîm* *nittān*.", "grammar": { "*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural noun - slain ones", "*nātĕnû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they gave", "*mishkāb*": "masculine singular noun - bed/resting place", "*hămônāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her multitude", "*sĕbîbôtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3ms suffix - around him", "*qibrōtehā*": "feminine plural noun with 3fs suffix - her graves", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*nittan*": "niphal perfect 3ms - it is given/placed", "*ḥittîtām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their terror", "*'ereṣ ḥayyîm*": "land of living", "*yiśĕ'û*": "qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they bear", "*kĕlimmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their shame", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*yôrĕdêy*": "qal participle masculine plural - those going down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit", "*nittān*": "niphal perfect 3ms - he is placed" }, "variants": { "*mishkāb*": "bed/resting place/couch", "*ḥalĕlêy-ḥereb*": "those slain by the sword" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.26", "source": "שָׁ֣ם מֶ֤שֶׁךְ תֻּבַל֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנָ֔הּ סְבִֽיבוֹתָ֖יו קִבְרוֹתֶ֑יהָ כֻּלָּ֤ם עֲרֵלִים֙ מְחֻ֣לְלֵי חֶ֔רֶב כִּֽי־נָתְנ֥וּ חִתִּיתָ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃", "text": "There *meshek tubal* and all-*hămônāh* *sĕbîbôtāyw* *qibrôtêhā* all of them *'ărēlîm* *mĕḥullĕlêy ḥereb* for-*nātĕnû* *ḥittîtām* in *'ereṣ ḥayyîm*.", "grammar": { "*meshek*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*tubal*": "proper noun - Tubal", "*hămônāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3fs suffix - her multitude", "*sĕbîbôtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3ms suffix - around him", "*qibrôtêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3fs suffix - her graves", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*mĕḥullĕlêy*": "masculine plural pual participle construct - pierced of", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*nātĕnû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they gave", "*ḥittîtām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their terror", "*'ereṣ ḥayyîm*": "land of living" }, "variants": { "*mĕḥullĕlêy*": "pierced by/slain by/profaned by" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.27", "source": "וְלֹ֤א יִשְׁכְּבוּ֙ אֶת־גִּבּוֹרִ֔ים נֹפְלִ֖ים מֵעֲרֵלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָרְדֽוּ־שְׁא֣וֹל בִּכְלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתָּם֩ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אֶת־חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם תַּ֣חַת רָאשֵׁיהֶ֗ם וַתְּהִ֤י עֲוֺֽנֹתָם֙ עַל־עַצְמוֹתָ֔ם כִּֽי־חִתִּ֥ית גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃", "text": "And not *yishkĕbû* *'et*-*gibbôrîm* *nōphĕlîm* from *'ărēlîm* who *yārĕdû*-*shĕ'ôl* in *kĕlêy*-*milḥamtām* and *yittĕnû* *'et*-*ḥarbôtām* under *rā'shêhem* and *tĕhî* *'ăwōnōtām* upon-*'aṣmôtām* for-*ḥittît gibbôrîm* in *'ereṣ ḥayyîm*.", "grammar": { "*yishkĕbû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they lie", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*gibbôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - mighty ones", "*nōphĕlîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - those falling", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*yārĕdû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they went down", "*shĕ'ôl*": "proper noun - Sheol", "*kĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - weapons of", "*milḥamtām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their war", "*yittĕnû*": "qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they put", "*ḥarbôtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their swords", "*rā'shêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their heads", "*tĕhî*": "qal imperfect 3fs - they are", "*'ăwōnōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their iniquities", "*'aṣmôtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their bones", "*ḥittît*": "feminine singular construct noun - terror of", "*gibbôrîm*": "masculine plural noun - mighty ones", "*'ereṣ ḥayyîm*": "land of living" }, "variants": { "*kĕlêy-milḥamtām*": "their weapons of war/their implements of battle", "*'ăwōnōtām*": "their iniquities/their punishments" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.28", "source": "וְאַתָּ֗ה בְּת֧וֹךְ עֲרֵלִ֛ים תִּשָּׁבַ֥ר וְתִשְׁכַּ֖ב אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And you in midst *'ărēlîm* *tishābar* and *tishkab* *'et*-*ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*tishābar*": "niphal imperfect 2ms - you will be broken", "*tishkab*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you will lie", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword" }, "variants": { "*tishābar*": "you will be broken/you will be shattered" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.29", "source": "שָׁ֣מָּה אֱד֗וֹם מְלָכֶ֙יהָ֙ וְכָל־נְשִׂיאֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁר־נִתְּנ֥וּ בִגְבוּרָתָ֖ם אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חָ֑רֶב הֵ֛מָּה אֶת־עֲרֵלִ֥ים יִשְׁכָּ֖בוּ וְאֶת־יֹ֥רְדֵי בֽוֹר׃", "text": "There *'ĕdôm* *mĕlākêhā* and all-*nĕśî'êhā* who-*nittĕnû* in *gĕbûrātām* *'et*-*ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥāreb* they with-*'ărēlîm* *yishkābû* and with-*yōrĕdêy bôr*.", "grammar": { "*'ĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*mĕlākêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3fs suffix - her kings", "*nĕśî'êhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3fs suffix - her princes/chiefs", "*nittĕnû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they are placed", "*gĕbûrātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their might", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥāreb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*yishkābû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they lie", "*yōrĕdêy*": "qal participle masculine plural - those going down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit" }, "variants": { "*nĕśî'êhā*": "her princes/her chiefs/her leaders", "*gĕbûrātām*": "their might/their strength/their power" } } 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.30", "source": "שָׁ֣מָּה נְסִיכֵ֥י צָפ֛וֹן כֻּלָּ֖ם וְכָל־צִֽדֹנִ֑י אֲשֶׁר־יָרְד֣וּ אֶת־חֲלָלִ֗ים בְּחִתִּיתָ֤ם מִגְבֽוּרָתָם֙ בּוֹשִׁ֔ים וַיִּשְׁכְּב֤וּ עֲרֵלִים֙ אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ כְלִמָּתָ֖ם אֶת־י֥וֹרְדֵי בֽוֹר׃", "text": "There *nĕsîkêy ṣāphôn* all of them and all-*ṣidōnî* who-*yārĕdû* *'et*-*ḥălālîm* in *ḥittîtām* from *gĕbûrātām* *bôshîm* and *yishkĕbû* *'ărēlîm* *'et*-*ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥereb* and *yiśĕ'û* *kĕlimmātām* *'et*-*yôrĕdêy bôr*.", "grammar": { "*nĕsîkêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - princes of", "*ṣāphôn*": "masculine singular noun - north", "*ṣidōnî*": "adjective - Sidonian", "*yārĕdû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they went down", "*'et*": "preposition - with", "*ḥălālîm*": "masculine plural noun - slain ones", "*ḥittîtām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their terror", "*gĕbûrātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their might", "*bôshîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - being ashamed", "*yishkĕbû*": "qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they lie", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*yiśĕ'û*": "qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they bear", "*kĕlimmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their shame", "*yôrĕdêy*": "qal participle masculine plural - those going down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit" }, "variants": { "*nĕsîkêy*": "princes of/rulers of/leaders of", "*ṣidōnî*": "Sidonian/people of Sidon", "*bôshîm*": "being ashamed/being disgraced" } } 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.31", "source": "אוֹתָם֙ יִרְאֶ֣ה פַרְעֹ֔ה וְנִחַ֖ם עַל־כָּל־*המונה **הֲמוֹנ֑וֹ חַלְלֵי־חֶ֙רֶב֙ פַּרְעֹ֣ה וְכָל־חֵיל֔וֹ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "Them *yir'eh* *par'ōh* and *niḥam* upon-all-*hămônô* *ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥereb* *par'ōh* and all-*ḥêylô* *nĕ'um* *'ădōnāy* *Yhwh*.", "grammar": { "*yir'eh*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he will see", "*par'ōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*niḥam*": "niphal perfect 3ms - he is comforted", "*hămônô*": "masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his multitude", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*ḥêylô*": "masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his army", "*nĕ'um*": "construct state, masculine singular noun - utterance/declaration of", "*'ădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD" }, "variants": { "*niḥam*": "he is comforted/he consoles himself", "*hămônô*": "his multitude/his horde/his wealth" } } 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.32", "source": "כִּֽי־נָתַ֥תִּי אֶת־*חתיתו **חִתִּיתִ֖י בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֑ים וְהֻשְׁכַּב֩ בְּת֨וֹךְ עֲרֵלִ֜ים אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֗רֶב פַּרְעֹה֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנֹ֔ה נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "For-*nātattî* *'et*-*ḥittîtî* in *'ereṣ ḥayyîm* and *hushkab* in midst *'ărēlîm* *'et*-*ḥalĕlêy*-*ḥereb* *par'ōh* and all-*hămônōh* *nĕ'um* *'ădōnāy* *Yhwh*.", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I have placed", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*ḥittîtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1cs suffix - my terror", "*'ereṣ ḥayyîm*": "land of living", "*hushkab*": "hophal perfect 3ms - he is laid down", "*'ărēlîm*": "masculine plural noun - uncircumcised ones", "*ḥalĕlêy*": "construct state, masculine plural noun - slain of", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*par'ōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*hămônōh*": "masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his multitude", "*nĕ'um*": "construct state, masculine singular noun - utterance/declaration of", "*'ădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ḥittîtî*": "my terror/my dread", "*hushkab*": "he is laid down/he is made to lie" } }
• Dan 4:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.32", "source": "וְכָל־דָּיְרֵ֤י אַרְעָא֙ כְּלָ֣ה חֲשִׁיבִ֔ין וּֽכְמִצְבְּיֵ֗הּ עָבֵד֙ בְּחֵ֣יל שְׁמַיָּ֔א וְדָיְרֵ֖י אַרְעָ֑א וְלָ֤א אִיתַי֙ דִּֽי־יְמַחֵ֣א בִידֵ֔הּ וְיֵ֥אמַר לֵ֖הּ מָ֥ה עֲבַֽדְתְּ׃", "text": "And-all-*dāyərê ʾarʿāʾ* as-nothing *ḥăšîḇîn*, and-according-to-*miṣbəyēh ʿāḇēḏ* in-*ḥêl šəmayyāʾ* and-*dāyərê ʾarʿāʾ*, and-not *ʾîṯay* who-*yəmaḥēʾ* in-*bîḏēh* and-*yēʾmar* to-him what *ʿăḇaḏət*", "grammar": { "*dāyərê*": "participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of", "*ʾarʿāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular, definite - the earth", "*ḥăšîḇîn*": "passive participle, masculine plural - regarded/considered", "*miṣbəyēh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his will/pleasure", "*ʿāḇēḏ*": "verb, participle, masculine singular - doing/working", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - army/host of", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural, definite - the heavens", "*ʾîṯay*": "particle of existence - there is", "*yəmaḥēʾ*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - strike/restrain", "*bîḏēh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his hand", "*yēʾmar*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - say/tell", "*ʿăḇaḏət*": "verb, perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you have done" }, "variants": { "*dāyərê*": "dwellers/inhabitants/residents", "*ḥăšîḇîn*": "regarded/considered/counted", "*miṣbəyēh*": "his will/pleasure/desire", "*ʿāḇēḏ*": "does/works/acts", "*ḥêl*": "army/host/forces", "*yəmaḥēʾ*": "strike/restrain/stop", "*bîḏēh*": "in his hand/power/control", "*ʿăḇaḏət*": "have done/made/performed" } }
• Dan 5:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.22", "source": "וְאַ֤נְתְּ בְּרֵהּ֙ בֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֔ר לָ֥א הַשְׁפֵּ֖לְתְּ לִבְבָ֑ךְ כָּל־קֳבֵ֕ל דִּ֥י כָל־דְּנָ֖ה יְדַֽעְתָּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾantĕ* *bĕrēh* *Bēlšaṣṣar* *lāʾ* *hašpēltĕ* *libĕbāk* *kol-qŏbēl* that all-this *yĕdaʿtā*.", "grammar": { "*wĕʾantĕ*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - and you", "*bĕrēh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his son", "*Bēlšaṣṣar*": "proper noun, masculine - Belshazzar", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hašpēltĕ*": "verb, Haphel, 2nd masculine singular, perfect - you have humbled", "*libĕbāk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*kol-qŏbēl*": "adverbial phrase - although/even though", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*kol-dĕnâh*": "pronoun, masculine singular - all this", "*yĕdaʿtā*": "verb, Peal, 2nd masculine singular, perfect - you knew" }, "variants": { "*bĕrēh*": "his son/descendant", "*hašpēltĕ*": "you have humbled/you have abased/you have lowered", "*libĕbāk*": "your heart/your mind/your understanding", "*kol-qŏbēl*": "although/even though/despite the fact that", "*yĕdaʿtā*": "you knew/you were aware/you had knowledge" } } 23 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.23", "source": "וְעַ֣ל מָרֵֽא־שְׁמַיָּ֣א ׀ הִתְרוֹמַ֡מְתָּ וּלְמָֽאנַיָּ֨א דִֽי־בַיְתֵ֜הּ הַיְתִ֣יו קדמיך קָֽדָמָ֗ךְ ואנתה וְאַ֨נְתְּ ורברבניך וְרַבְרְבָנָ֜ךְ שֵֽׁגְלָתָ֣ךְ וּלְחֵנָתָךְ֮ חַמְרָא֮ שָׁתַ֣יִן בְּהוֹן֒ וְלֵֽאלָהֵ֣י כַסְפָּֽא־וְ֠דַהֲבָא נְחָשָׁ֨א פַרְזְלָ֜א אָעָ֣א וְאַבְנָ֗א דִּ֠י לָֽא־חָזַ֧יִן וְלָא־שָׁמְעִ֛ין וְלָ֥א יָדְעִ֖ין שַׁבַּ֑חְתָּ וְלֵֽאלָהָ֞א דִּֽי־נִשְׁמְתָ֥ךְ בִּידֵ֛הּ וְכָל־אֹרְחָתָ֥ךְ לֵ֖הּ לָ֥א הַדַּֽרְתָּ׃", "text": "And against *māreʾ-shəmayyāʾ* *hiṯərôməmətā* and vessels *dî-ḇayṯeh* *hayṯîw* before *qāḏāmāḵ* and you *wəʾantə* and your nobles *wəraḇrəḇānāḵ* your wives *šeḡəlāṯāḵ* and your concubines *ûləḥenāṯāḵ* *ḥamrāʾ* *šāṯayin* with them, and to gods of silver and gold, bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which not see and not hear and not know you *šabbaḥətā*; and to *ʾelāhāʾ* *dî* your breath *nišmətāḵ* in his hand *bîḏeh* and all your ways to him not *haddarətā*.", "grammar": { "*māreʾ-shəmayyāʾ*": "construct state - Lord of heaven", "*hiṯərôməmətā*": "Hithpaal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have lifted yourself up", "*dî-ḇayṯeh*": "relative particle + noun + possessive suffix - of his house", "*hayṯîw*": "Haphel perfect, 3rd person plural - they brought", "*qāḏāmāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*wəʾantə*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*wəraḇrəḇānāḵ*": "conjunction + noun plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your nobles", "*šeḡəlāṯāḵ*": "noun plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wives", "*ûləḥenāṯāḵ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your concubines", "*ḥamrāʾ*": "noun - wine", "*šāṯayin*": "participle plural - drinking", "*šabbaḥətā*": "Pael perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have praised", "*ʾelāhāʾ*": "emphatic state - the God", "*dî*": "relative particle - who/which", "*nišmətāḵ*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your breath", "*bîḏeh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his hand", "*haddarətā*": "Pael perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have honored" }, "variants": { "*māreʾ-shəmayyāʾ*": "Lord of heaven/Master of the heavens", "*hiṯərôməmətā*": "lifted yourself up/exalted yourself/shown arrogance", "*hayṯîw*": "they brought/were brought", "*šāṯayin*": "drinking/were drinking", "*šabbaḥətā*": "praised/glorified/honored", "*ʾelāhāʾ*": "God/the god/deity", "*haddarətā*": "honored/glorified/given honor to" } }
• 1 Cor 10:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.11", "source": "Ταῦτα δὲ πάντα τύποι συνέβαινον ἐκείνοις: ἐγράφη δὲ πρὸς νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν, εἰς οὓς τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰώνων κατήντησεν.", "text": "*Tauta* *de* all *typoi* *synebanon* to those: *egraphē* *de* *pros* *nouthesian* of us, to whom the *telē* of the *aiōnōn* *katēntēsen*", "grammar": { "*Tauta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - these things", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*typoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - types/figures/examples", "*synebanon*": "imperfect indicative, 3rd person plural - they happened/befell", "*egraphē*": "aorist passive, 3rd person singular - it was written", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - for/toward", "*nouthesian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - admonition/warning/instruction", "*telē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - ends/goals/completions", "*aiōnōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - ages/eons", "*katēntēsen*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular - came/arrived/attained" }, "variants": { "*typoi*": "types/examples/patterns/figures", "*synebanon*": "happened/befell/occurred as examples", "*nouthesian*": "admonition/warning/instruction", "*telē*": "ends/goals/consummation", "*aiōnōn*": "ages/eons/world periods", "*katēntēsen*": "came/arrived/reached/attained to" } }
• Heb 9:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Hebrews.9.27", "source": "Καὶ καθʼ ὅσον ἀπόκειται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἅπαξ ἀποθανεῖν, μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο κρίσις:", "text": "And just as *kath' hoson apokeitai tois anthrōpois hapax apothanein*, *meta de touto krisis*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*kath'*": "preposition with accusative - 'according to'", "*hoson*": "accusative neuter singular - 'as much as/inasmuch as'", "*apokeitai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - 'it is appointed/reserved'", "*tois anthrōpois*": "dative masculine plural - 'for men/humans'", "*hapax*": "adverb - 'once'", "*apothanein*": "aorist active infinitive - 'to die'", "*meta*": "preposition with accusative - 'after'", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - 'but/and'", "*touto*": "accusative neuter singular demonstrative pronoun - 'this'", "*krisis*": "nominative feminine singular - 'judgment'" }, "variants": { "*kath' hoson*": "inasmuch as/just as", "*apokeitai*": "it is appointed/reserved/destined", "*anthrōpois*": "men/people/humans", "*hapax*": "once/one time", "*apothanein*": "to die", "*krisis*": "judgment/decision/verdict" } }
• 2 Pet 2:6 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.6", "source": "Καὶ πόλεις Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας τεφρώσας καταστροφῇ κατέκρινεν, ὑπόδειγμα μελλόντων ἀσεβεῖν τεθεικώς·", "text": "*Kai poleis Sodomōn kai Gomorrhas tephrōsas katastrophē katekrinen, hypodeigma mellontōn asebein tetheikōs*;", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*poleis*": "accusative plural feminine - 'cities'", "*Sodomōn kai Gomorrhas*": "genitive plural - 'of Sodom and Gomorrah'", "*tephrōsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - 'having reduced to ashes'", "*katastrophē*": "dative singular feminine - 'by/with overthrow/destruction'", "*katekrinen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd singular - 'condemned'", "*hypodeigma*": "accusative singular neuter - 'example/pattern'", "*mellontōn*": "present active participle, genitive plural masculine - 'of those about to'", "*asebein*": "present infinitive active - 'to be ungodly'", "*tetheikōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative singular masculine - 'having made/set'" }, "variants": { "*poleis*": "cities/towns", "*tephrōsas*": "having reduced to ashes/having incinerated", "*katastrophē*": "overthrow/destruction/ruin", "*katekrinen*": "condemned/sentenced/judged against", "*hypodeigma*": "example/pattern/warning/illustration", "*mellontōn*": "of those about to/of those going to/of future ones", "*asebein*": "to be ungodly/to act impiously", "*tetheikōs*": "having made/having set/having established/having appointed" } }
• Deut 13:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.13.11", "source": "וּסְקַלְתּ֥וֹ בָאֲבָנִ֖ים וָמֵ֑ת כִּ֣י בִקֵּ֗שׁ לְהַדִּֽיחֲךָ֙ מֵעַל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ הַמּוֹצִיאֲךָ֛ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם מִבֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִֽים׃", "text": "And-*ûsĕqaltô* with-the-*bāʾăbānîm* and-he-*wāmēt*, for he-*biqqēš* *lĕhaddîḥăkā* from-upon *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* the-one-*hammôṣîʾăkā* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* from-*bêt* *ʿăbādîm*.", "grammar": { "*ûsĕqaltô*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and you shall stone him", "*bāʾăbānîm*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun, feminine plural - with the stones", "*wāmēt*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall die", "*biqqēš*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sought", "*lĕhaddîḥăkā*": "preposition lamed + hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to lead you astray", "*hammôṣîʾăkā*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article and 2nd person masculine singular suffix - the one bringing you out" }, "variants": { "*sāqal*": "stone/throw stones at", "*ʾeben*": "stone/rock", "*mût*": "die/be killed", "*bāqaš*": "seek/search for/desire", "*nādaḥ*": "lead astray/thrust away/banish", "*yāṣāʾ*": "go out/bring out/come out" } }
• Deut 21:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.21.21", "source": "וּ֠רְגָמֻהוּ כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֨י עִיר֤וֹ בָֽאֲבָנִים֙ וָמֵ֔ת וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ הָרָ֖ע מִקִּרְבֶּ֑ךָ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׁמְע֥וּ וְיִרָֽאוּ׃ ס", "text": "And-*rəgāmuhû* all-*ʾanšê* *ʿîrô* with-*ʾăbānîm* and-*mēt*, and-*biʿartā* the-*rāʿ* from-*qirbəkā*, and-all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *yišməʿû* and-*yîrāʾû*.", "grammar": { "*rəgāmuhû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they shall stone him", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural noun construct - men of", "*ʿîrô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city", "*ʾăbānîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the stones", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall die", "*biʿartā*": "Piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall remove", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the evil", "*qirbəkā*": "masculine singular noun construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*yišməʿû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall hear", "*yîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall fear" }, "variants": { "*rəgāmuhû*": "stone him/throw stones at him", "*biʿartā*": "remove/purge/burn away", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wicked/bad", "*qirbəkā*": "your midst/from among you", "*yîrāʾû*": "fear/be afraid/be in awe" } }
• Neh 13:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.13.18", "source": "הֲל֨וֹא כֹ֤ה עָשׂוּ֙ אֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וַיָּבֵ֨א אֱלֹהֵ֜ינוּ עָלֵ֗ינוּ אֵ֚ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את וְעַ֖ל הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֑את וְאַתֶּ֞ם מוֹסִיפִ֤ים חָרוֹן֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְחַלֵּ֖ל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃ פ", "text": "*halôʾ* thus *ʿāśû* *ʾabōtêkem* and *yābēʾ* *ʾĕlōhênû* upon us *ʾēt* all-the *rāʿâ* the *zōʾt* and upon the *ʿîr* the *zōʾt*; and *ʾattem* *môsîpîm* *ḥārôn* upon-*yiśrāʾēl* to *ḥallēl* *ʾet*-the *šabbāt*.", "grammar": { "*halôʾ*": "interrogative particle - Did not?/Is not?", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they did/made", "*ʾabōtêkem*": "masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*yābēʾ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he brought", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular with definite article - evil/disaster", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - this", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular with definite article - city", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*môsîpîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - adding/increasing", "*ḥārôn*": "masculine singular - burning anger/wrath", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ḥallēl*": "Piel infinitive construct - to profane/desecrate", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbāt*": "feminine singular with definite article - the Sabbath" }, "variants": { "*halôʾ*": "is not?/did not?/have not?", "*yābēʾ*": "brought/caused to come", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune", "*môsîpîm*": "adding/increasing/doing more", "*ḥārôn*": "burning anger/wrath/fierce anger", "*ḥallēl*": "to profane/desecrate/defile" } }
• Ps 63:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.63.9", "source": "דָּבְקָ֣ה נַפְשִׁ֣י אַחֲרֶ֑יךָ בִּ֝֗י תָּמְכָ֥ה יְמִינֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Dābəqāh* *napšî* *ʾaḥărekā* on me *tāməkāh* *yəmînekā*", "grammar": { "*Dābəqāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - clings/cleaves", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*ʾaḥărekā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - after you", "*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - on me/in me", "*tāməkāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - upholds/sustains", "*yəmînekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand" }, "variants": { "*Dābəqāh*": "clings/cleaves/follows closely", "*napšî*": "my soul/my being/myself", "*tāməkāh*": "upholds/sustains/supports", "*yəmînekā*": "your right hand/your power" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.63.10", "source": "וְהֵ֗מָּה לְ֭שׁוֹאָה יְבַקְשׁ֣וּ נַפְשִׁ֑י יָ֝בֹ֗אוּ בְּֽתַחְתִּיּ֥וֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *hēmmāh* to *šōʾāh* *yəbaqšū* *napšî* *yābōʾū* into *taḥtiyyōt* *hāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wəhēmmāh*": "conjunction + personal pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - and they", "*ləšōʾāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - to destruction", "*yəbaqšū*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they seek", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*yābōʾū*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will enter/go", "*bətaḥtiyyōt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - into lowest parts of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth" }, "variants": { "*šōʾāh*": "destruction/ruin/desolation", "*yəbaqšū*": "they seek/they search for/they try to destroy", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*taḥtiyyōt*": "lowest parts/depths/nether regions" } }