Genesis 21:20

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Genesis.21.20", "source": "וַיְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הַנַּ֖עַר וַיִּגְדָּ֑ל וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת׃", "text": "And *yəhî* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-*hannaʿar* and *yigdāl* and *yēšeb* in-the-*midbār* and *yəhî* *rōbeh* *qaššāt*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and (sequential action)", "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he was", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*ʾet*": "preposition - with", "*ha-*": "definite article - the", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - boy/lad", "*yigdāl*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he grew", "*yēšeb*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he lived/dwelt", "*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun - wilderness", "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he became", "*rōbeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - shooting/archer", "*qaššāt*": "feminine singular noun - bow" }, "variants": { "*yəhî* *ʾet*": "was with/supported/helped", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings (here used as singular)", "*naʿar*": "boy/lad/young man", "*yigdāl*": "grew/became great", "*yēšeb*": "lived/dwelt/settled", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert", "*rōbeh* *qaššāt*": "archer/bowman/one who shoots with a bow" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הַנַּ֖עַר וַיִּגְדָּ֑ל וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת׃

Transliteration

And yəhî ʾĕlōhîm ʾet-hannaʿar and yigdāl and yēšeb in-the-midbār and yəhî rōbeh qaššāt.

Grammar Details

• *wə-*: conjunction with consecutive imperfect - and (sequential action)
• *yəhî*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he became
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God
• *ʾet*: preposition - with
• *ha-*: definite article - the
• *naʿar*: masculine singular noun - boy/lad
• *yigdāl*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he grew
• *yēšeb*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he lived/dwelt
• *ba-*: preposition with definite article - in the
• *midbār*: masculine singular noun - wilderness
• *rōbeh*: qal participle, masculine singular - shooting/archer
• *qaššāt*: feminine singular noun - bow

Word Meanings

• *yəhî* *ʾet*: was with/supported/helped
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: God/gods/divine beings (here used as singular)
• *naʿar*: boy/lad/young man
• *yigdāl*: grew/became great
• *yēšeb*: lived/dwelt/settled
• *midbār*: wilderness/desert
• *rōbeh* *qaššāt*: archer/bowman/one who shoots with a bow

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  God was with the boy as he grew up. He lived in the wilderness and became an archer.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And God was with the lad, and he grew and lived in the wilderness and became an archer.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And God{H430} was with the lad,{H5288} and he grew;{H1431} and he dwelt{H3427} in the wilderness,{H4057} and became, as he grew up, an archer.{H7235}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And God{H430} was with the lad{H5288}; and he grew{H1431}{(H8799)}, and dwelt{H3427}{(H8799)} in the wilderness{H4057}, and became an archer{H7235}{(H8802)}{H7199}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And God was wyth the lad and he grewe and dweld in the wildernesse and became an archer.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And God was with the childe, which grew vp, and dwelt in ye wildernes, and became a connynge archer,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So God was with the childe, and he grewe and dwelt in the wildernesse, and was an archer.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And God was with the lad, and he grewe, and dwelt in the wyldernesse, and became a principall archer.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  God was with the boy, and he grew. He lived in the wilderness, and became, as he grew up, an archer.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and God is with the youth, and he groweth, and dwelleth in the wilderness, and is an archer;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And God was with the lad, and he grew. And he dwelt in the wilderness, and became, as he grew up, an archer.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became, as he grew up, an archer.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And God was with the boy, and he became tall and strong, and he became a bowman, living in the waste land.

• World English Bible (2000)

  God was with the boy, and he grew. He lived in the wilderness, and became, as he grew up, an archer.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  God was with the boy as he grew. He lived in the wilderness and became an archer.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 39:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.39.21", "source": "וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶת־יוֹסֵ֔ף וַיֵּ֥ט אֵלָ֖יו חָ֑סֶד וַיִּתֵּ֣ן חִנּ֔וֹ בְּעֵינֵ֖י שַׂ֥ר בֵּית־הַסֹּֽהַר׃", "text": "And *wayĕhî* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Yôsēp̄* and *wayyēṭ* to him *ḥāseḏ* and *wayyittēn* his *ḥinnô* in *ʿênê* *śar* *bêt*-*hassōhar*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and he was", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yôsēp̄*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph", "*wayyēṭ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he extended", "*ḥāseḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - lovingkindness/mercy", "*wayyittēn*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*ḥinnô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his favor", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*śar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/captain of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*hassōhar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the prison/round house" }, "variants": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker [indicating relationship 'with' rather than direct object]", "*wayyēṭ* *ḥāseḏ*": "extended kindness/showed mercy/demonstrated loyalty", "*ḥinnô*": "his favor/his grace/his charm" } }
• Gen 28:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.28.15", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֜י עִמָּ֗ךְ וּשְׁמַרְתִּ֙יךָ֙ בְּכֹ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־תֵּלֵ֔ךְ וַהֲשִׁ֣בֹתִ֔יךָ אֶל־הָאֲדָמָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את כִּ֚י לֹ֣א אֽ͏ֶעֱזָבְךָ֔ עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִם־עָשִׂ֔יתִי אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי לָֽךְ", "text": "and-behold I *ʿimmāk* *û-šəmartîkā* in-all which-*tēlēk* *wə-hăšibōtîkā* to-the-*ʾădāmâ* the-this for not *ʾeʿĕzābəkā* until which if-*ʿāśîtî* *ʾēt* which-*dibbartî* to-you", "grammar": { "*ʿimmāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you", "*û-šəmartîkā*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 1st common singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I will keep you", "*tēlēk*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will go", "*wə-hăšibōtîkā*": "waw conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st common singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I will bring you back", "*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the ground/land", "*ʾeʿĕzābəkā*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will forsake you", "*ʿāśîtî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I have done", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect 1st common singular - I have spoken" }, "variants": { "*ʿimmāk*": "with you/beside you/in your company", "*šəmartîkā*": "I will keep you/I will protect you/I will watch over you", "*tēlēk*": "you will go/you will walk/you will travel", "*hăšibōtîkā*": "I will bring you back/I will return you/I will restore you", "*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/soil", "*ʾeʿĕzābəkā*": "I will forsake you/I will abandon you/I will leave you", "*ʿāśîtî*": "I have done/I have performed/I have accomplished", "*dibbartî*": "I have spoken/I have promised/I have declared" } }
• Gen 39:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.39.2", "source": "וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶת־יוֹסֵ֔ף וַיְהִ֖י אִ֣ישׁ מַצְלִ֑יחַ וַיְהִ֕י בְּבֵ֖ית אֲדֹנָ֥יו הַמִּצְרִֽי׃", "text": "And *wayĕhî* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*Yôsēp̄* and *wayĕhî* *ʾîš* *maṣlîaḥ* and *wayĕhî* in *bêt* *ʾăḏônāyw* the *hammiṣrî*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and he was/became", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yôsēp̄*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joseph", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man", "*maṣlîaḥ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - prospering/successful", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾăḏônāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his master/lord", "*hammiṣrî*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the Egyptian" }, "variants": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker [indicating relationship 'with' rather than direct object]", "*wayĕhî*": "temporal marker/narrative continuation/existential statement", "*maṣlîaḥ*": "prospering/succeeding/having good fortune" } } 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.39.3", "source": "וַיַּ֣רְא אֲדֹנָ֔יו כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אִתּ֑וֹ וְכֹל֙ אֲשֶׁר־ה֣וּא עֹשֶׂ֔ה יְהוָ֖ה מַצְלִ֥יחַ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyarĕʾ* *ʾăḏônāyw* that *YHWH* *ʾittô* and *kōl* which-*hûʾ* *ʿōśeh*, *YHWH* *maṣlîaḥ* in *yāḏô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyarĕʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*ʾăḏônāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his master/lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doing/making", "*maṣlîaḥ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to prosper/making successful", "*yāḏô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand" }, "variants": { "*maṣlîaḥ*": "causing to prosper/making successful/giving good fortune", "*ʾittô*": "with him/in his presence/accompanying him" } }
• Gen 16:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.16.12", "source": "וְה֤וּא יִהְיֶה֙ פֶּ֣רֶא אָדָ֔ם יָד֣וֹ בַכֹּ֔ל וְיַ֥ד כֹּ֖ל בּ֑וֹ וְעַל־פְּנֵ֥י כָל־אֶחָ֖יו יִשְׁכֹּֽן׃", "text": "And-*hu'* *yihyeh* *pere'* *'adam*, *yado* in-the-all and-*yad* all in-him, and-upon-*peney* all-*'echav* *yishkon*.", "grammar": { "*vehu*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular independent pronoun - and he", "*yihyeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be", "*pere'*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wild donkey of", "*'adam*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*yado*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*bakkol*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in all/against all", "*veyad*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and the hand of", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular - all/everyone", "*bo*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in/against him", "*ve'al*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/against", "*peney*": "noun, masculine plural construct - the face of", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*'echav*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*yishkon*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will dwell" }, "variants": { "*pere' 'adam*": "wild man/wild donkey of a man", "*yado bakkol veyad kol bo*": "idiomatic expression: his hand against everyone and everyone's hand against him/he will be in conflict with all", "*'al-peney*": "east of/before/in the presence of" } }
• Gen 17:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.20", "source": "וּֽלְיִשְׁמָעֵאל֘ שְׁמַעְתִּיךָ֒ הִנֵּ֣ה ׀ בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי אֹת֗וֹ וְהִפְרֵיתִ֥י אֹת֛וֹ וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֥י אֹת֖וֹ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר נְשִׂיאִם֙ יוֹלִ֔יד וּנְתַתִּ֖יו לְג֥וֹי גָּדֽוֹל׃", "text": "*û-lə-Yišmāʿēʾl* *šəmaʿtîḵā* *hinnēh* *bēraḵtî* *ʾōtô* *wə-hip̄rêtî* *ʾōtô* *wə-hirbêtî* *ʾōtô* *bi-məʾōḏ* *məʾōḏ* *šənêm*-*ʿāśār* *nəśîʾîm* *yôlîḏ* *û-nətattîw* *lə-gôy* *gāḏôl*", "grammar": { "*û-lə-Yišmāʿēʾl*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun masculine singular - and concerning Ishmael", "*šəmaʿtîḵā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have heard you", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*bēraḵtî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I have blessed", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə-hip̄rêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make fruitful", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə-hirbêtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will multiply", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*bi-məʾōḏ*": "preposition + noun - in abundance/exceedingly", "*məʾōḏ*": "noun - very much/exceedingly (repetition for emphasis)", "*šənêm*": "cardinal number dual construct - two of", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*nəśîʾîm*": "noun masculine plural - princes/chiefs/rulers", "*yôlîḏ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will beget", "*û-nətattîw*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make him", "*lə-gôy*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for a nation", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿtîḵā*": "I have heard you/I have listened to you", "*nəśîʾîm*": "princes/chiefs/rulers/leaders", "*gôy gāḏôl*": "great nation/large people/mighty nation" } }
• Gen 25:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Genesis.25.27", "source": "וֽ͏ַיִּגְדְּלוּ֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וַיְהִ֣י עֵשָׂ֗ו אִ֛ישׁ יֹדֵ֥עַ צַ֖יִד אִ֣ישׁ שָׂדֶ֑ה וְיַעֲקֹב֙ אִ֣ישׁ תָּ֔ם יֹשֵׁ֖ב אֹהָלִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yiḡdəlû* *ha-nəʿārîm* *wə-yəhî* *ʿēśāw* *ʾîš* *yōḏēaʿ* *ṣayiḏ* *ʾîš* *śāḏeh* *wə-yaʿăqōḇ* *ʾîš* *tām* *yōšēḇ* *ʾōhālîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiḡdəlû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and grew up", "*ha-nəʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the youths", "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and became", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Esau", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*yōḏēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - knowing", "*ṣayiḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - hunting", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field", "*wə-yaʿăqōḇ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun, masculine singular - and Jacob", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man", "*tām*": "adjective, masculine singular - complete/quiet", "*yōšēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - dwelling in", "*ʾōhālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - tents" }, "variants": { "*wə-yiḡdəlû*": "grew up/matured/developed", "*ha-nəʿārîm*": "youths/boys/lads", "*yōḏēaʿ* *ṣayiḏ*": "skilled in hunting/knowledgeable about game", "*ʾîš* *śāḏeh*": "man of the field/outdoorsman", "*ʾîš* *tām*": "complete man/perfect man/quiet man/simple man", "*yōšēḇ* *ʾōhālîm*": "dwelling in tents/staying among tents/homebody" } }
• Gen 27:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.3", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ שָׂא־נָ֣א כֵלֶ֔יךָ תֶּלְיְךָ֖ וְקַשְׁתֶּ֑ךָ וְצֵא֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה וְצ֥וּדָה לִּ֖י צָֽיִד׃", "text": "And *wĕʿattāh* *śāʾ*-*nāʾ* your *kēleykā*, your *telyĕkā* and your *qaštekkā*, and *wĕṣēʾ* the *haśśādeh*, and *wĕṣûdāh* for me *ṣāyid*.", "grammar": { "*wĕʿattāh*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*śāʾ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - take/carry/lift", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*kēleykā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your weapons/tools/implements", "*telyĕkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your quiver", "*qaštekkā*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your bow", "*wĕṣēʾ*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and go out", "*haśśādeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the field", "*wĕṣûdāh*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and hunt", "*ṣāyid*": "noun, masculine singular - game/venison/prey" }, "variants": { "*kēleykā*": "your weapons/your hunting equipment/your implements", "*telyĕkā*": "your quiver/your pouch", "*wĕṣēʾ*": "go out/go forth/depart", "*haśśādeh*": "the field/the open country/the countryside", "*wĕṣûdāh*": "hunt/catch/trap", "*ṣāyid*": "game/venison/prey/hunting" } }
• Gen 49:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "Genesis.49.23", "source": "וַֽיְמָרֲרֻ֖הוּ וָרֹ֑בּוּ וַֽיִּשְׂטְמֻ֖הוּ בַּעֲלֵ֥י חִצִּֽים", "text": "*wa-yəmārăruhû* *wā-rōbbû* *wa-yiśṭəmuhû* *baʿălê* *ḥiṣṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəmārăruhû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they made him bitter", "*wā-rōbbû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they shot", "*wa-yiśṭəmuhû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they hated him", "*baʿălê*": "noun masculine plural construct - masters of/owners of", "*ḥiṣṣîm*": "noun masculine plural - arrows" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəmārăruhû*": "and they made him bitter/embittered him/provoked him bitterly", "*wā-rōbbû*": "and they shot (arrows)/contended with/were numerous", "*wa-yiśṭəmuhû*": "and they hated him/persecuted him/were hostile to him", "*baʿălê ḥiṣṣîm*": "masters of arrows/archers/those with arrows" } } 24 { "verseID": "Genesis.49.24", "source": "וַתֵּ֤שֶׁב בְּאֵיתָן֙ קַשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיָּפֹ֖זּוּ זְרֹעֵ֣י יָדָ֑יו מִידֵי֙ אֲבִ֣יר יַעֲקֹ֔ב מִשָּׁ֥ם רֹעֶ֖ה אֶ֥בֶן יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "*wa-ttēšeb* in-*ʾêtān* *qaštô* *wa-yyāpōzzû* *zərōʿê* *yādāyw* from-hands-of *ʾăbîr* *yaʿăqōb* from-there *rōʿeh* *ʾeben* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-ttēšeb*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it remained", "*ʾêtān*": "adjective masculine singular - steadfast/mighty", "*qaštô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bow", "*wa-yyāpōzzû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were made agile", "*zərōʿê*": "noun feminine plural construct - arms of", "*yādāyw*": "noun feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*ʾăbîr*": "adjective masculine singular construct - mighty one of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*rōʿeh*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - shepherd of", "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular construct - stone of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wa-ttēšeb*": "and it remained/abode/dwelt", "*ʾêtān*": "steadfast/mighty/strong/permanent", "*wa-yyāpōzzû*": "and they were made agile/flexible/strong/golden", "*zərōʿê yādāyw*": "arms of his hands/forearms/strength of his hands", "*ʾăbîr yaʿăqōb*": "Mighty One of Jacob/Strong One of Jacob/Champion of Jacob", "*rōʿeh ʾeben yiśrāʾēl*": "Shepherd of the Stone of Israel/from there is the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel" } }
• Judg 6:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Judges.6.12", "source": "וַיֵּרָ֥א אֵלָ֖יו מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו יְהוָ֥ה עִמְּךָ֖ גִּבּ֥וֹר הֶחָֽיִל׃", "text": "And *wayyērāʾ* to him *malʾak* *YHWH* and *wayyōʾmer* to him *YHWH* with you *gibbôr* *heḥāyil*", "grammar": { "*wayyērāʾ*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he appeared", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*gibbôr*": "noun, masculine singular - mighty man/warrior", "*heḥāyil*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the valor/strength" }, "variants": { "*wayyērāʾ*": "appeared/showed himself/was seen", "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel/envoy", "*gibbôr*": "mighty man/warrior/hero", "*heḥāyil*": "the valor/the strength/the might/the army" } }
• Judg 13:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Judges.13.24", "source": "וַתֵּ֤לֶד הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיִּגְדַּ֣ל הַנַּ֔עַר וַֽיְבָרְכֵ֖הוּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wə-* *tēled* the *hāʾiššâ* *bēn*, and *wə-* *tiqrāʾ* *ʾet-šəmô* *šimšôn*, and *wə-* *yiggdal* the *hannaʿar* and *wə-* *yəbārəkēhû* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tēled*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she bore", "*hāʾiššâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*wə-tiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she called", "*ʾet-šəmô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šimšôn*": "proper noun - Samson", "*wə-yiggdal*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he grew", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the boy", "*wə-yəbārəkēhû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he blessed him", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God" }, "variants": { "*tēled*": "bore/gave birth to", "*tiqrāʾ ʾet-šəmô*": "called his name/named him", "*šimšôn*": "Samson (meaning 'like the sun' or 'little sun')", "*yiggdal*": "grew/grew up/became strong", "*yəbārəkēhû*": "blessed him/favored him" } } 25 { "verseID": "Judges.13.25", "source": "וַתָּ֙חֶל֙ ר֣וּחַ יְהוָ֔ה לְפַעֲמ֖וֹ בְּמַחֲנֵה־דָ֑ן בֵּ֥ין צָרְעָ֖ה וּבֵ֥ין אֶשְׁתָּאֹֽל׃ פ", "text": "And *wə-* *tāḥel* *rûaḥ* *YHWH* to *ləpaʿămô* in *bəmaḥănēh-dān* between *bên* *ṣārəʿâ* and between *û-bên* *ʾeštāʾōl*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tāḥel*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and began", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ləpaʿămô*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to stir him", "*bəmaḥănēh-dān*": "preposition bet + construct noun, masculine singular + proper noun - in camp of Dan", "*bên*": "preposition - between", "*ṣārəʿâ*": "proper noun - Zorah", "*û-bên*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and between", "*ʾeštāʾōl*": "proper noun - Eshtaol" }, "variants": { "*tāḥel*": "began/started", "*rûaḥ YHWH*": "Spirit of YHWH/power of YHWH/divine inspiration", "*ləpaʿămô*": "to stir him/to move him/to impel him", "*maḥănēh-dān*": "camp of Dan/encampment of Dan/settlement area of Dan", "*bên ṣārəʿâ û-bên ʾeštāʾōl*": "between Zorah and Eshtaol (place names)" } }
• Luke 1:80 : 80 { "verseID": "Luke.1.80", "source": "Τὸ δὲ παιδίον ηὔξανεν, καὶ ἐκραταιοῦτο πνεύματι, καὶ ἦν ἐν ταῖς ἐρήμοις ἕως ἡμέρας ἀναδείξεως αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν Ἰσραήλ.", "text": "The *de* *paidion* *ēuxanen*, and *ekrataiouto* in *pneumati*, and *ēn* in the *erēmois* until *hēmeras* of *anadeixeōs* his *pros* the *Israēl*.", "grammar": { "*To*": "nominative, neuter, singular, article - the", "*de*": "conjunction/particle - and/but/now", "*paidion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - child/little child", "*ēuxanen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was growing", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ekrataiouto*": "imperfect, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was being strengthened", "*pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - in spirit", "*ēn*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in", "*tais*": "dative, feminine, plural, article - the", "*erēmois*": "dative, feminine, plural - deserts/wilderness places", "*heōs*": "conjunction/preposition - until", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of day", "*anadeixeōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of showing/manifestation/public appearance", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, pronoun - his/of him", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward/with", "*ton*": "accusative, masculine, singular, article - the", "*Israēl*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Israel" }, "variants": { "*de*": "and/but/now/moreover", "*paidion*": "child/little child/infant", "*ēuxanen*": "was growing/increasing", "*ekrataiouto*": "was being strengthened/was becoming strong", "*pneumati*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*erēmois*": "deserts/wilderness places/uninhabited regions", "*anadeixeōs*": "showing/manifestation/public appearance/appointment/commission" } }
• Luke 2:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Luke.2.40", "source": "Τὸ δὲ παιδίον ηὔξανεν, καὶ ἐκραταιοῦτο πνεύματι, πληρούμενον σοφίας: καὶ χάρις Θεοῦ ἦν ἐπʼ αὐτό.", "text": "And the *paidion* *ēuxanen*, and *ekrataiouto* in *pneumati*, being *plēroumenon* of *sophias*: and *charis* of *Theou* *ēn* upon it.", "grammar": { "*paidion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - child", "*ēuxanen*": "imperfect indicative active, 3rd singular - was growing", "*ekrataiouto*": "imperfect indicative passive, 3rd singular - was being strengthened", "*pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - in spirit", "*plēroumenon*": "present participle passive, nominative, neuter, singular - being filled", "*sophias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of wisdom", "*charis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ēn*": "imperfect, 3rd singular - was [continuous]" }, "variants": { "*paidion*": "child/infant/little one", "*ēuxanen*": "grew/increased/developed", "*ekrataiouto*": "was strengthened/became strong", "*pneumati*": "spirit/inner being", "*plēroumenon*": "being filled/becoming full", "*sophias*": "wisdom/knowledge/understanding", "*charis*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*Theou*": "God/deity" } }
• Gen 10:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.10.9", "source": "הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*hûʾ-hāyâ gibbōr-ṣayid lipnê YHWH ʿal-kēn yēʾāmar kəNimrōd gibbôr ṣayid lipnê YHWH*", "grammar": { "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was", "*gibbōr-ṣayid*": "masculine singular adjective/noun in construct with noun - mighty hunter", "*li-pnê*": "preposition lə- + masculine plural noun in construct state - before/in the face of", "*YHWH*": "proper divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ʿal-kēn*": "preposition ʿal + adverb - therefore", "*yēʾāmar*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it is said", "*kə-Nimrōd*": "preposition kə- + proper noun - like Nimrod", "*gibbôr*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - mighty one", "*ṣayid*": "masculine singular noun - hunter/hunting", "*li-pnê*": "preposition lə- + masculine plural noun in construct state - before/in the face of", "*YHWH*": "proper divine name - YHWH/LORD" }, "variants": { "*gibbōr-ṣayid*": "mighty hunter/powerful hunter", "*lipnê YHWH*": "before YHWH/in opposition to YHWH/in YHWH's presence", "*yēʾāmar*": "it is said/it will be said" } }