Genesis 37:29

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Genesis.37.29", "source": "וַיָּ֤שָׁב רְאוּבֵן֙ אֶל־הַבּ֔וֹר וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵין־יוֹסֵ֖ף בַּבּ֑וֹר וַיִּקְרַ֖ע אֶת־בְּגָדָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wə-yāšāḇ* *rəʾûḇēn* to-the *ha-bbôr*, and *wə-hinnê* *ʾên*-*yôsēp̄* in the *ba-bbôr*; and *wə-yiqraʿ* *ʾeṯ*-his *bəḡāḏāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāšāḇ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he returned'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*ha-bbôr*": "definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the pit'", "*wə-hinnê*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - 'and behold'", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - 'there was not'", "*ba-bbôr*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'in the pit'", "*wə-yiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he tore'", "*bəḡāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his clothes'" }, "variants": { "*yiqraʿ*": "tore/rent/ripped" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיָּ֤שָׁב רְאוּבֵן֙ אֶל־הַבּ֔וֹר וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵין־יוֹסֵ֖ף בַּבּ֑וֹר וַיִּקְרַ֖ע אֶת־בְּגָדָֽיו׃

Transliteration

And wə-yāšāḇ rəʾûḇēn to-the ha-bbôr, and wə-hinnê ʾên-yôsēp̄ in the ba-bbôr; and wə-yiqraʿ ʾeṯ-his bəḡāḏāyw

Grammar Details

• *wə-yāšāḇ*: waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he returned'
• *rəʾûḇēn*: proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'
• *ha-bbôr*: definite article with noun, masculine singular - 'the pit'
• *wə-hinnê*: conjunction with demonstrative particle - 'and behold'
• *ʾên*: particle of negation - 'there was not'
• *ba-bbôr*: preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - 'in the pit'
• *wə-yiqraʿ*: waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he tore'
• *bəḡāḏāyw*: noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his clothes'

Word Meanings

• *yiqraʿ*: tore/rent/ripped

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  When Reuben returned to the pit and saw that Joseph was not there, he tore his clothes.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And Reuben returned to the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he tore his clothes.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And when Ruben came agayne vnto the pytt and founde not Ioseph there he rent his cloothes

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Now whan Ruben came agayne vnto the pytt, & founde not Ioseph therin, he rent his clothes,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Afterwarde Reuben returned to the pit, and beholde, Ioseph was not in the pit: then he rent his clothes,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then Ruben came agayne vnto the pit, and beholde, Ioseph was not in the pit: then he rent his clothes,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph [was] not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Reuben returned to the pit; and saw that Joseph wasn't in the pit; and he tore his clothes.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Reuben returneth unto the pit, and lo, Joseph is not in the pit, and he rendeth his garments,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Reuben returned unto the pit; and, behold, Joseph was not in the pit; and he rent his clothes.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Now when Reuben came back to the hole, Joseph was not there; and giving signs of grief,

• World English Bible (2000)

  Reuben returned to the pit; and saw that Joseph wasn't in the pit; and he tore his clothes.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Later Reuben returned to the cistern to find that Joseph was not in it! He tore his clothes,

Referenced Verses

• Gen 37:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.34", "source": "וַיִּקְרַ֤ע יַעֲקֹב֙ שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם שַׂ֖ק בְּמָתְנָ֑יו וַיִּתְאַבֵּ֥ל עַל־בְּנ֖וֹ יָמִ֥ים רַבִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wə-yiqraʿ* *yaʿăqōḇ* his *śiməlōṯāyw* and *wə-yāśem* *śaq* on his *bə-māṯnāyw*; and *wə-yiṯʾabbēl* for-his *ʿal-bənô* *yāmîm* *rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he tore'", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Jacob'", "*śiməlōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his garments'", "*wə-yāśem*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he put'", "*śaq*": "noun, masculine singular - 'sackcloth'", "*bə-māṯnāyw*": "preposition with noun, dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'on his loins'", "*wə-yiṯʾabbēl*": "waw-consecutive with hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he mourned'", "*ʿal-bənô*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'for his son'", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'days'", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - 'many'" }, "variants": { "*śaq*": "sackcloth/rough cloth/garment of mourning", "*māṯnāyw*": "loins/waist/hips" } }
• Job 1:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Job.1.20", "source": "וַיָּ֤קָם אִיּוֹב֙ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע אֶת־מְעִל֔וֹ וַיָּ֖גָז אֶת־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיִּפֹּ֥ל אַ֖רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yāqām* *ʾiyyôb* *wa-yiqraʿ* *ʾet*-*məʿîlô* *wa-yāgāz* *ʾet*-*rōʾšô* *wa-yippōl* *ʾarṣâ* *wa-yištāḥû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāqām*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and arose", "*ʾiyyôb*": "proper noun - Job", "*wa-yiqraʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and tore", "*məʿîlô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his robe", "*wa-yāgāz*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and shaved", "*rōʾšô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head", "*wa-yippōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and fell", "*ʾarṣâ*": "feminine singular noun with directional hey - to the ground", "*wa-yištāḥû*": "conjunction + hishtaphel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and worshiped" }, "variants": { "*yiqraʿ*": "tore/rent", "*məʿîl*": "robe/coat/cloak", "*yāgāz*": "shaved/cut/sheared", "*yippōl ʾarṣâ*": "fell to the ground/prostrated himself", "*yištāḥû*": "worshiped/bowed down/prostrated himself" } }
• Gen 44:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.44.13", "source": "וֽ͏ַיִּקְרְע֖וּ שִׂמְלֹתָ֑ם וַֽיַּעֲמֹס֙ אִ֣ישׁ עַל־חֲמֹר֔וֹ וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ הָעִֽירָה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqrəʿû* their *śimlōtām* and *wayyaʿămōs* each *ʾîš* upon *ʿal*-his *ḥămōrô* and *wayyāšūbû* the *hāʿîrâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrəʿû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they tore", "*śimlōtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their garments", "*wayyaʿămōs*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he loaded", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*ḥămōrô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his donkey", "*wayyāšūbû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they returned", "*hāʿîrâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun with directional heh - to the city" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqrəʿû*": "tore/rent/ripped", "*śimlōtām*": "their garments/their clothes/their outer garments", "*wayyaʿămōs*": "loaded/placed/put", "*ʾîš*": "each man/every man/each one", "*ḥămōrô*": "his donkey/his ass", "*wayyāšūbû*": "returned/went back/came back", "*hāʿîrâ*": "to the city/cityward" } }
• Num 14:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.6", "source": "וִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ בִּן־נ֗וּן וְכָלֵב֙ בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּ֔ה מִן־הַתָּרִ֖ים אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ קָרְע֖וּ בִּגְדֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wîhôšuaʿ* *bin*-*nûn* and *kālēḇ* *ben*-*yĕp̄unneh* from the *hattārîm* *ʾēt*-the *hāʾāreṣ* *qārĕʿû* their *biḡḏêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wîhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*bin*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*nûn*": "proper noun - Nun", "*kālēḇ*": "proper noun - Caleb", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*yĕp̄unneh*": "proper noun - Jephunneh", "*hattārîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones who spied out", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*qārĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they tore", "*biḡḏêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd plural suffix - their garments" }, "variants": { "*hattārîm*": "the spies/those who explored/those who searched", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/country/territory", "*qārĕʿû*": "tore/rent/ripped", "*biḡḏêhem*": "their garments/clothes/vestments" } }
• Judg 11:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Judges.11.35", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ כִרְאוֹת֨וֹ אוֹתָ֜הּ וַיִּקְרַ֣ע אֶת־בְּגָדָ֗יו וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֲהָ֤הּ בִּתִּי֙ הַכְרֵ֣עַ הִכְרַעְתִּ֔נִי וְאַ֖תְּ הָיִ֣יתְ בְּעֹֽכְרָ֑י וְאָנֹכִ֗י פָּצִ֤יתִי־פִי֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א אוּכַ֖ל לָשֽׁוּב׃", "text": "And-*wayĕhî* when-*kirʾôtô* *ʾôtāh* and-*wayyiqraʿ* *ʾet*-*bĕgādāyw* and-*wayyōmer* *ʾăhāh* *bittî* *hakrēaʿ* *hikraʿtînî* and-you were in-*ʿōkĕrāy* and-I *pāṣîtî*-*pî* to-*YHWH* and-not *ʾûkal* to-*lāšûb*", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and it came to pass", "*kirʾôtô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3ms suffix - when he saw", "*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker + 3fs suffix - her", "*wayyiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he tore", "*bĕgādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3ms suffix - his garments", "*wayyōmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾăhāh*": "interjection - alas", "*bittî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1cs suffix - my daughter", "*hakrēaʿ*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - surely", "*hikraʿtînî*": "Hiphil perfect 2fs + 1cs suffix - you have brought me down", "*ʿōkĕrāy*": "Qal participle mp + 1cs suffix - my troublers", "*pāṣîtî*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have opened", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1cs suffix - my mouth", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾûkal*": "Qal imperfect 1cs - I am able", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to return/turn back" }, "variants": { "*ʾăhāh*": "alas/oh no/ah", "*hakrēaʿ hikraʿtînî*": "you have surely brought me down/you have thoroughly crushed me/you have greatly troubled me", "*bĕʿōkĕrāy*": "among my troublers/one who brings me trouble", "*pāṣîtî-pî*": "I have opened my mouth/I have given my word", "*lāšûb*": "to turn back/to retract/to take back" } }
• 2 Kgs 19:1 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּשְׁמֹ֙עַ֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ וַיִּקְרַ֖ע אֶת־בְּגָדָ֑יו וַיִּתְכַּ֣ס בַּשָּׂ֔ק וַיָּבֹ֖א בֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* as-*šāmaʿ* the *meleḵ* *Ḥizqiyyāhû*, and *yiqraʿ* *ʾet*-garments-his, and *yitkas* in-the-*śaq*, and *yābōʾ* house-of *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct + prefixed preposition כִּ - when/as hearing", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Ḥizqiyyāhû*": "proper noun - Hezekiah", "*yiqraʿ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he tore", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yitkas*": "waw-consecutive + hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he covered himself", "*śaq*": "noun, masculine singular + prefixed preposition בַּ - in sackcloth", "*yābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he entered", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was", "*šāmaʿ*": "to hear/to listen/to understand", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler/sovereign", "*yiqraʿ*": "tore/rent/ripped", "*śaq*": "sackcloth/mourning garment/rough cloth", "*yābōʾ*": "entered/went into/came to" } }
• Joel 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Joel.2.13", "source": "וְקִרְע֤וּ לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְשׁ֖וּבוּ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־חַנּ֤וּן וְרַחוּם֙ ה֔וּא אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃", "text": "And-*qirʿû* *lebabkhem* and-not-*bigdêkhem* and-*shûbû* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkhem* because-*ḥannûn* and-*raḥûm* *hûʾ* *ʾerekh* *ʾappayim* and-*rab*-*ḥesed* and-*niḥām* upon-the-*hārāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*qirʿû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - tear/rend", "*lebabkhem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heart", "*bigdêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your garments", "*shûbû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - return/turn", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ḥannûn*": "masculine singular adjective - gracious", "*raḥûm*": "masculine singular adjective - compassionate", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾerekh*": "masculine singular construct - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*rab*": "masculine singular construct - abundant of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*niḥām*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - relenting/compassionate", "*hārāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*qirʿû*": "tear/rend/split", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/merciful/favorable", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ʾerekh* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*rab*-*ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*niḥām*": "relenting/compassionate/repenting", "*hārāʿâ*": "the evil/calamity/disaster/harm" } }
• Acts 14:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Acts.14.14", "source": "Ἀκούσαντες δὲ οἱ ἀπόστολοι, Βαρνάβας καὶ Παῦλος, διαρρήξαντες τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτῶν, εἰσεπήδησαν εἰς τὸν ὄχλον, κράζοντες", "text": "*Akousantes* *de* the *apostoloi*, *Barnabas* and *Paulos*, having *diarrēxantes* the *himatia* of them, they *eisepēdēsan* into the *ochlon*, *krazontes*", "grammar": { "*Akousantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having heard", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*apostoloi*": "nominative masculine plural - apostles", "*Barnabas*": "nominative masculine singular - Barnabas", "*Paulos*": "nominative masculine singular - Paul", "*diarrēxantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having torn", "*himatia*": "accusative neuter plural - garments/clothes", "*eisepēdēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - rushed in/sprang in", "*ochlon*": "accusative masculine singular - crowd", "*krazontes*": "present active participle, nominative masculine plural - crying out/shouting" }, "variants": { "*diarrēxantes ta himatia*": "having torn their clothes/having torn their garments (sign of distress)", "*eisepēdēsan*": "rushed in/sprang in/leaped in", "*krazontes*": "crying out/shouting/exclaiming loudly" } }
• Gen 34:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.34.13", "source": "וַיַּעֲנ֨וּ בְנֵֽי־יַעֲקֹ֜ב אֶת־שְׁכֶ֨ם וְאֶת־חֲמ֥וֹר אָבִ֛יו בְּמִרְמָ֖ה וַיְדַבֵּ֑רוּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר טִמֵּ֔א אֵ֖ת דִּינָ֥ה אֲחֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyaʿănû* *bǝnê*-*Yaʿăqōb* *ʾet*-*Škem* *wǝʾet*-*Ḥămôr* *ʾābîw* *bǝmirmāh* *wayǝdabbērû* *ʾăšer* *ṭimmēʾ* *ʾēt* *Dînāh* *ʾăḥōtām*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿănû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they answered", "*bǝnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Škem*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Shechem", "*wǝʾet*": "waw-conjunction + direct object marker", "*Ḥămôr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hamor", "*ʾābîw*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his father", "*bǝmirmāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - with deceit", "*wayǝdabbērû*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they spoke", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - because", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had defiled", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Dînāh*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Dinah", "*ʾăḥōtām*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sister" }, "variants": { "*bǝmirmāh*": "with deceit/deceptively/with guile", "*ṭimmēʾ*": "had defiled/violated/dishonored" } }