Judg 20:17-48 : 17 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.17",
"source": "וְאִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הִתְפָּֽקְד֗וּ לְבַד֙ מִבִּנְיָמִ֔ן אַרְבַּ֨ע מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ שֹׁ֣לֵֽף חָ֑רֶב כָּל־זֶ֖ה אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָֽה׃",
"text": "*Wə*-*ʾîš* *Yiśrāʾēl* *hitpāqədû* *ləḇad* from-*Binyāmin* four hundred thousand *ʾîš* *šōlēp̄* *ḥāreḇ* all-*zeh* *ʾîš* *milḥāmâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state, masculine, singular - men of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*hitpāqədû*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd person plural - mustered themselves/were numbered",
"*ləḇad*": "preposition + noun - apart/separately",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*šōlēp̄*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - drawing",
"*ḥāreḇ*": "feminine, singular - sword",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative, masculine, singular - this",
"*milḥāmâ*": "feminine, singular - war/battle"
},
"variants": {
"*hitpāqədû*": "mustered themselves/were counted/were enrolled",
"*ləḇad*": "apart from/separately/besides",
"*šōlēp̄ ḥāreḇ*": "drawing sword/equipped with sword/armed with sword",
"*ʾîš milḥāmâ*": "man of war/warrior/soldier"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.18",
"source": "וַיָּקֻ֜מוּ וַיַּעֲל֣וּ בֵֽית־אֵל֮ וַיִּשְׁאֲל֣וּ בֵאלֹהִים֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִ֚י יַעֲלֶה־לָּ֣נוּ בַתְּחִלָּ֔ה לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה עִם־בְּנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֑ן וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה יְהוּדָ֥ה בַתְּחִלָּֽה׃",
"text": "*Wayyāqūmû* *wayyaʿălû* *Bêt*-*ʾĒl* *wayyišʾălû* in-*ʾĕlōhîm* *wayyōmĕrû* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* who *yaʿăleh*-for-us in-the-*təḥillâ* for-the-*milḥāmâ* with-*bənê* *Binyāmin* *wayyōmer* *YHWH* *Yəhûdâ* in-the-*təḥillâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqūmû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they arose",
"*wayyaʿălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they went up",
"*Bêt*-*ʾĒl*": "proper noun - Bethel (House of God)",
"*wayyišʾălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they inquired",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine, plural - God",
"*wayyōmĕrû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they said",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will go up",
"*təḥillâ*": "feminine, singular - beginning/first",
"*milḥāmâ*": "definite, feminine, singular - the battle/war",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*wayyōmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah"
},
"variants": {
"*bəʾĕlōhîm*": "by God/through God/with God",
"*yaʿăleh*": "will go up/should go up/shall go up",
"*təḥillâ*": "beginning/first/at first"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.19",
"source": "וַיָּק֥וּמוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּבֹּ֑קֶר וַיּֽ͏ַחֲנ֖וּ עַל־הַגִּבְעָֽה׃ פ",
"text": "*Wayyāqūmû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*bōqer* *wayyaḥănû* against-the-*Giḇʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqūmû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they arose",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bōqer*": "definite, masculine, singular - the morning",
"*wayyaḥănû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they encamped",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah"
},
"variants": {
"*bōqer*": "morning/daybreak/dawn",
"*wayyaḥănû*": "and they encamped/and they set up camp/and they pitched camp",
"*ʿal-haGiḇʿâ*": "against Gibeah/opposite Gibeah/at Gibeah"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.20",
"source": "וַיֵּצֵא֙ אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה עִם־בִּנְיָמִ֑ן וַיַּעַרְכ֨וּ אִתָּ֧ם אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִלְחָמָ֖ה אֶל־הַגִּבְעָֽה׃",
"text": "*Wayyēṣēʾ* *ʾîš* *Yiśrāʾēl* for-the-*milḥāmâ* with-*Binyāmin* *wayyaʿarḵû* with-them *ʾîš*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *milḥāmâ* to-the-*Giḇʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went out",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state, masculine, singular - men of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*milḥāmâ*": "definite, feminine, singular - the battle/war",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*wayyaʿarḵû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they arranged/set in order",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state, masculine, singular - men of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*milḥāmâ*": "feminine, singular - battle/war",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "and he went out/and they went out (collective singular)",
"*wayyaʿarḵû*": "and they arranged/and they set in battle array/and they prepared",
"*ʾel-haGiḇʿâ*": "toward Gibeah/against Gibeah/at Gibeah"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.21",
"source": "וַיֵּצְא֥וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֖ן מִן־הַגִּבְעָ֑ה וַיַּשְׁחִ֨יתוּ בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא שְׁנַ֨יִם וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ אָֽרְצָה׃",
"text": "*Wayyēṣĕʾû* *bənê*-*Binyāmin* from-the-*Giḇʿâ* *wayyašḥîtû* in-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû* two *wə*-twenty thousand *ʾîš* *ʾarṣâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣĕʾû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they went out",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah",
"*wayyašḥîtû*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they destroyed",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*hû*": "demonstrative, masculine, singular - that",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine, singular - man",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "feminine, singular + directional heh - to the ground"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyašḥîtû*": "and they destroyed/and they cut down/and they struck down",
"*bəYiśrāʾēl*": "among Israel/against Israel/of Israel",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/to earth/fallen"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.22",
"source": "וַיִּתְחַזֵּ֥ק הָעָ֖ם אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּסִ֙פוּ֙ לַעֲרֹ֣ךְ מִלְחָמָ֔ה בַּמָּק֕וֹם אֲשֶׁר־עָ֥רְכוּ שָׁ֖ם בַּיּ֥וֹם הָרִאשֽׁוֹן׃",
"text": "*Wayyitḥazzēq* the-*ʿām* *ʾîš* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wayyōsip̄û* to-*ʿărōḵ* *milḥāmâ* in-the-*māqôm* that-*ʿārḵû* there in-the-*yôm* the-*riʾšôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyitḥazzēq*": "hithpael imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he strengthened himself",
"*ʿām*": "definite, masculine, singular - the people",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state, masculine, singular - men of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wayyōsip̄û*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they added/continued",
"*ʿărōḵ*": "qal infinitive construct - to arrange/set in order",
"*milḥāmâ*": "feminine, singular - battle/war",
"*māqôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the place",
"*ʿārḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they arranged",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*riʾšôn*": "definite, masculine, singular, adjective - the first"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyitḥazzēq*": "and he strengthened himself/and they took courage/and they encouraged themselves",
"*wayyōsip̄û*": "and they continued/and they added/and they proceeded",
"*ʿărōḵ*": "to arrange/to set in array/to prepare",
"*ʿārḵû*": "they arranged/they set in battle array/they prepared"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.23",
"source": "וַיַּעֲל֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיִּבְכּ֣וּ לִפְנֵֽי־יְהוָה֮ עַד־הָעֶרֶב֒ וַיִּשְׁאֲל֤וּ בַֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאוֹסִ֗יף לָגֶ֙שֶׁת֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה עִם־בְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִ֖ן אָחִ֑י וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה עֲל֥וּ אֵלָֽיו׃ פ",
"text": "*Wayyaʿălû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *wayyiḇkû* before-*YHWH* until-the-*ʿereḇ* *wayyišʾălû* in-*YHWH* *lēmōr* ?-*ʾôsîp̄* to-*gešet* to-the-*milḥāmâ* with-*bənê* *Binyāmin* my-brother *wayyōmer* *YHWH* *ʿălû* to-him.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they went up",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wayyiḇkû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they wept",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*ʿereḇ*": "definite, masculine, singular - the evening",
"*wayyišʾălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they inquired",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*lēmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*ʾôsîp̄*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - shall I add/continue",
"*gešet*": "qal infinitive construct - to approach/draw near",
"*milḥāmâ*": "definite, feminine, singular - the battle/war",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*wayyōmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*ʿălû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go up"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiḇkû*": "and they wept/and they mourned/and they lamented",
"*wayyišʾălû*": "and they inquired/and they asked/and they consulted",
"*haʾôsîp̄*": "shall I continue/should I add/shall I again",
"*gešet*": "to approach/to draw near/to engage",
"*ʾāḥî*": "my brother/my kinsman/my relative"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.24",
"source": "וַיִּקְרְב֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִ֖ן בַּיּ֥וֹם הַשֵּׁנִֽי׃",
"text": "*Wayyiqrəḇû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* to-*bənê* *Binyāmin* in-the-*yôm* the-*šēnî*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqrəḇû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they drew near",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*šēnî*": "definite, masculine, singular, adjective - the second"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqrəḇû*": "and they drew near/and they approached/and they advanced",
"*ʾel-bənê*": "toward the children of/against the children of/to engage the children of"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.25",
"source": "וַיֵּצֵא֩ בִנְיָמִ֨ן ׀ לִקְרָאתָ֥ם ׀ מִֽן־הַגִּבְעָה֮ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשֵּׁנִי֒ וַיַּשְׁחִיתוּ֩ בִבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל ע֗וֹד שְׁמֹנַ֨ת עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ אָ֑רְצָה כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה שֹׁ֥לְפֵי חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "*Wayyēṣēʾ* *Binyāmin* to-*qirʾātām* from-the-*Giḇʿâ* in-the-*yôm* the-*šēnî* *wayyašḥîtû* in-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿôd* eight ten thousand *ʾîš* *ʾarṣâ* all-*ʾēlleh* *šōləp̄ê* *ḥāreḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went out",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*qirʾātām*": "construct state + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to meet them",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*šēnî*": "definite, masculine, singular, adjective - the second",
"*wayyašḥîtû*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they destroyed",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/more",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine, singular - man",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "feminine, singular + directional heh - to the ground",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative, plural - these",
"*šōləp̄ê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - drawers of",
"*ḥāreḇ*": "feminine, singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*qirʾātām*": "to meet them/against them/to encounter them",
"*wayyašḥîtû*": "and they destroyed/and they struck down/and they killed",
"*ʿôd*": "more/again/further",
"*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/to earth/fallen",
"*šōləp̄ê ḥāreḇ*": "drawers of sword/armed with sword/wielding sword"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.26",
"source": "וַיַּעֲל֣וּ כָל־בְּנֵי֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וְכָל־הָעָ֜ם וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ בֵֽית־אֵ֗ל וַיִּבְכּוּ֙ וַיֵּ֤שְׁבוּ שָׁם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּצ֥וּמוּ בַיּוֹם־הַה֖וּא עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וַֽיַּעֲל֛וּ עֹל֥וֹת וּשְׁלָמִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*Wayyaʿălû* all-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wə*-all-the-*ʿām* *wayyāḇōʾû* *Bêt*-*ʾĒl* *wayyiḇkû* *wayyēšəḇû* there before-*YHWH* *wayyāṣûmû* in-the-*yôm*-the-*hû* until-the-*ʿāreḇ* *wayyaʿălû* *ʿōlôt* *û*-*šəlāmîm* before-*YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they went up",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿām*": "definite, masculine, singular - the people",
"*wayyāḇōʾû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they came",
"*Bêt*-*ʾĒl*": "proper noun - Bethel (House of God)",
"*wayyiḇkû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they wept",
"*wayyēšəḇû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sat/remained",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*wayyāṣûmû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they fasted",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*hû*": "demonstrative, masculine, singular - that",
"*ʿāreḇ*": "definite, masculine, singular - the evening",
"*wayyaʿălû*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they offered up",
"*ʿōlôt*": "feminine, plural - burnt offerings",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*šəlāmîm*": "masculine, plural - peace offerings",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiḇkû*": "and they wept/and they mourned/and they lamented",
"*wayyēšəḇû*": "and they sat/and they remained/and they stayed",
"*wayyāṣûmû*": "and they fasted/and they abstained from food",
"*ʿōlôt*": "burnt offerings/whole burnt offerings/ascending offerings",
"*šəlāmîm*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings/well-being offerings"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.27",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁאֲל֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּֽיהוָ֑ה וְשָׁ֗ם אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים בַּיָּמִ֖ים הָהֵֽם׃",
"text": "*Wayyišʾălû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* in-*YHWH* *wə*-there *ʾărôn* *bərît* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* in-the-*yāmîm* the-*hēm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišʾălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they inquired",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾărôn*": "construct state, masculine, singular - ark of",
"*bərît*": "construct state, feminine, singular - covenant of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite, masculine, plural - the God",
"*yāmîm*": "definite, masculine, plural - the days",
"*hēm*": "demonstrative, masculine, plural - those"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišʾălû*": "and they inquired/and they asked/and they consulted",
"*baYHWH*": "of the LORD/by the LORD/through the LORD",
"*ʾărôn bərît*": "ark of covenant/covenant ark"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.28",
"source": "וּ֠פִינְחָס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֨ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֜ן עֹמֵ֣ד ׀ לְפָנָ֗יו בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֮ לֵאמֹר֒ הַאוֹסִ֨ף ע֜וֹד לָצֵ֧את לַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה עִם־בְּנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֥ן אָחִ֖י אִם־אֶחְדָּ֑ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ עֲל֔וּ כִּ֥י מָחָ֖ר אֶתְּנֶ֥נּוּ בְיָדֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "*Û*-*Pînəḥās* *ben*-*ʾElʿāzār* *ben*-*ʾAhărōn* *ʿōmēd* before-him in-the-*yāmîm* the-*hēm* *lēmōr* ?-*ʾôsîp̄* *ʿôd* to-*ṣēʾt* to-the-*milḥāmâ* with-*bənê*-*Binyāmin* my-brother if-*ʾeḥdāl* *wayyōmer* *YHWH* *ʿălû* for tomorrow *ʾettənenû* in-your-*yād*.",
"grammar": {
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*Pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas",
"*ben*": "construct state, masculine, singular - son of",
"*ʾElʿāzār*": "proper noun - Eleazar",
"*ben*": "construct state, masculine, singular - son of",
"*ʾAhărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*ʿōmēd*": "qal participle, masculine singular - standing",
"*yāmîm*": "definite, masculine, plural - the days",
"*hēm*": "demonstrative, masculine, plural - those",
"*lēmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*ʾôsîp̄*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - shall I add/continue",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/more",
"*ṣēʾt*": "qal infinitive construct - to go out",
"*milḥāmâ*": "definite, feminine, singular - the battle/war",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʾeḥdāl*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I shall cease",
"*wayyōmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*ʿălû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go up",
"*ʾettənenû*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will give him",
"*yād*": "feminine, singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿōmēd*": "standing/serving/ministering",
"*haʾôsîp̄*": "shall I continue/should I add/shall I again",
"*ʾeḥdāl*": "I shall cease/I should refrain/I should stop",
"*ʾettənenû*": "I will give him/I will deliver him/I will surrender him",
"*bəyādeḵā*": "into your hand/into your power/into your control"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.29",
"source": "וַיָּ֤שֶׂם יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֹֽרְבִ֔ים אֶל־הַגִּבְעָ֖ה סָבִֽיב׃ פ",
"text": "*Wayyāśem* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾōrəḇîm* to-the-*Giḇʿâ* *sāḇîḇ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāśem*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he placed",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾōrəḇîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - ones lying in wait/ambushers",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah",
"*sāḇîḇ*": "adverb - around/surrounding"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāśem*": "and he placed/and he set/and he stationed",
"*ʾōrəḇîm*": "ambushers/ones lying in wait/men in ambush",
"*ʾel-haGiḇʿâ*": "against Gibeah/around Gibeah/near Gibeah",
"*sāḇîḇ*": "around/surrounding/on all sides"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.30",
"source": "וַיַּעֲל֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י בִנְיָמִ֖ן בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ אֶל־הַגִּבְעָ֖ה כְּפַ֥עַם בְּפָֽעַם׃",
"text": "*Wayyaʿălû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* to-*bənê* *Binyāmin* in-the-*yôm* the-*šəlîšî* *wayyaʿarḵû* to-the-*Giḇʿâ* as-*paʿam* in-*pāʿam*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿălû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they went up",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*bənê*": "construct state, masculine, plural - sons of/children of",
"*Binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*yôm*": "definite, masculine, singular - the day",
"*šəlîšî*": "definite, masculine, singular, adjective - the third",
"*wayyaʿarḵû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they arranged/set in order",
"*Giḇʿâ*": "definite, proper noun - the Gibeah",
"*paʿam*": "feminine, singular - time/occassion",
"*pāʿam*": "feminine, singular - time/occasion"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿarḵû*": "and they arranged/and they set in battle array/and they prepared",
"*ʾel-haGiḇʿâ*": "against Gibeah/toward Gibeah/at Gibeah",
"*kəpaʿam bəpāʿam*": "as at other times/as before/as on previous occasions"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.31",
"source": "וַיֵּצְא֤וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִן֙ לִקְרַ֣את הָעָ֔ם הָנְתְּק֖וּ מִן־הָעִ֑יר וַיָּחֵ֡לּוּ לְהַכּוֹת֩ מֵהָעָ֨ם חֲלָלִ֜ים כְּפַ֣עַם ׀ בְּפַ֗עַם בַּֽמְסִלּוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַחַ֜ת עֹלָ֣ה בֵֽית־אֵ֗ל וְאַחַ֤ת גִּבְעָ֙תָה֙ בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *yāṣəʾû* *bənê*-*binyāmin* to *qərāʾt* the *ʿām*, the *nittəqû* from-the-*ʿîr*, and *yāḥēllû* to-*hakkôt* from-the-*ʿām* *ḥălālîm* as-*paʿam* in-*paʿam* in-the-*məsillôt* which *ʾaḥat* goes-up *bêt*-*ʾēl* and *ʾaḥat* to-*gibəʿātâ* in-the-*śādê*, about-thirty *ʾîš* in-*yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāṣəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they went out",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*qərāʾt*": "construct state - meeting of",
"*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular - people",
"*nittəqû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - who were drawn away",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*yāḥēllû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they began",
"*hakkôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to smite/strike",
"*ḥălālîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - slain/wounded",
"*paʿam*": "common noun, feminine singular - time/occurrence",
"*məsillôt*": "common noun, feminine plural - highways/roads",
"*ʾaḥat*": "numeral, feminine singular - one",
"*bêt*": "construct state - house of",
"*ʾēl*": "proper noun - El",
"*gibəʿātâ*": "proper noun with directional heh - to Gibeah",
"*śādê*": "common noun, masculine singular - field",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/men",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*yāṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/emerged",
"*nittəqû*": "drawn away/separated/lured away",
"*yāḥēllû*": "began/started",
"*hakkôt*": "to strike/smite/slay",
"*ḥălālîm*": "slain/wounded/casualties",
"*paʿam* *bəpaʿam*": "as at other times/as before/repeatedly"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.32",
"source": "וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן נִגָּפִ֥ים הֵ֛ם לְפָנֵ֖ינוּ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָ֑ה וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל אָמְר֗וּ נָנ֙וּסָה֙ וּֽנְתַקְּנֻ֔הוּ מִן־הָעִ֖יר אֶל־הַֽמְסִלּֽוֹת׃",
"text": "And *yōʾmərû* *bənê* *binyāmin*, *niggāpîm* them before-us as-at-first; but-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾāmərû*, *nānûsâ* and-*nətaqqənuhû* from-the-*ʿîr* to-the-*məsillôt*.",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they said",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*niggāpîm*": "Niphal participle masculine plural - being struck/defeated",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they said",
"*nānûsâ*": "Qal cohortative 1st person plural - let us flee",
"*nətaqqənuhû*": "Piel cohortative 1st person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - let us draw him/them away",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*məsillôt*": "common noun, feminine plural - highways/roads"
},
"variants": {
"*niggāpîm*": "being defeated/struck down/smitten",
"*nānûsâ*": "let us flee/run away",
"*nətaqqənuhû*": "let us draw them away/separate them/lure them"
}
}
33 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.33",
"source": "וְכֹ֣ל ׀ אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל קָ֚מוּ מִמְּקוֹמ֔וֹ וַיַּעַרְכ֖וּ בְּבַ֣עַל תָּמָ֑ר וְאֹרֵ֧ב יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מֵגִ֥יחַ מִמְּקֹמ֖וֹ מִמַּעֲרֵה גָֽבַע׃",
"text": "And-all *ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* *qāmû* from-*məqômô* and-*yaʿarəkû* in-*baʿal* *tāmār*; and-*ʾōrēb* *yiśrāʾēl* *mēgîaḥ* from-*məqōmô* from-*maʿărê* *gābaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*qāmû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they arose/stood up",
"*məqômô*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*yaʿarəkû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they drew up in battle array",
"*baʿal*": "proper noun - Baal (place name component)",
"*tāmār*": "proper noun - Tamar",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush/ambusher",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*mēgîaḥ*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - breaking forth",
"*məqōmô*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place",
"*maʿărê*": "construct state, from *maʿăreh* - bare places/meadows of",
"*gābaʿ*": "proper noun - Geba"
},
"variants": {
"*qāmû*": "arose/stood up/got up",
"*yaʿarəkû*": "drew up in battle array/positioned themselves/arranged",
"*ʾōrēb*": "ambush/ambusher/lier-in-wait",
"*mēgîaḥ*": "breaking forth/rushing out/emerging",
"*maʿărê*": "meadows of/bare places of/open spaces of"
}
}
34 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.34",
"source": "וַיָּבֹאוּ֩ מִנֶּ֨גֶד לַגִּבְעָ֜ה עֲשֶׂרֶת֩ אֲלָפִ֨ים אִ֤ישׁ בָּחוּר֙ מִכָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כָּבֵ֑דָה וְהֵם֙ לֹ֣א יָדְע֔וּ כִּֽי־נֹגַ֥עַת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הָרָעָֽה׃ פ",
"text": "And-*yābōʾû* from-opposite to-the-*gibəʿâ* ten *ʾălāpîm* *ʾîš* *bāḥûr* from-all-*yiśrāʾēl*, and-the-*milḥāmâ* *kābēdâ*; and-they not *yādəʿû* that-*nōgaʿat* upon-them the-*rāʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*yābōʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they came",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah",
"*ʾălāpîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - thousands",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men",
"*bāḥûr*": "adjective, masculine singular - chosen/select",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war",
"*kābēdâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - heavy/severe",
"*yādəʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they knew",
"*nōgaʿat*": "Qal participle feminine singular - touching/approaching",
"*rāʿâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster"
},
"variants": {
"*bāḥûr*": "chosen/select/elite",
"*kābēdâ*": "heavy/severe/fierce",
"*nōgaʿat*": "touching/approaching/about to come upon",
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity"
}
}
35 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.35",
"source": "וַיִּגֹּ֨ף יְהוָ֥ה ׀ אֶֽת־בִּנְיָמִן֮ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיַּשְׁחִיתוּ֩ בְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל בְּבִנְיָמִן֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף וּמֵאָ֖ה אִ֑ישׁ כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה שֹׁ֥לֵף חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And-*yiggōp* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*binyāmin* before *yiśrāʾēl*, and-*yašḥîtû* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* in-*binyāmin* in-the-day the-that twenty and-five *ʾelep* and-hundred *ʾîš*; all-these *šōlēp* *ḥāreb*.",
"grammar": {
"*yiggōp*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he struck",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*yašḥîtû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they destroyed",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʾelep*": "common noun, masculine singular - thousand",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men",
"*šōlēp*": "Qal participle masculine singular - drawing",
"*ḥāreb*": "common noun, feminine singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*yiggōp*": "struck/defeated/smote",
"*yašḥîtû*": "destroyed/ruined/laid waste",
"*šōlēp* *ḥāreb*": "drawing the sword/armed with sword/men of war"
}
}
36 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.36",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֥וּ בְנֵֽי־בִנְיָמִ֖ן כִּ֣י נִגָּ֑פוּ וַיִּתְּנ֨וּ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל מָקוֹם֙ לְבִנְיָמִ֔ן כִּ֤י בָֽטְחוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֹרֵ֔ב אֲשֶׁר שָׂ֖מוּ אֶל־הַגִּבְעָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*yirəʾû* *bənê*-*binyāmin* that *niggāpû*; and-*yittənû* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* *māqôm* to-*binyāmin* because *bāṭəḥû* to-the-*ʾōrēb* which *śāmû* at-the-*gibəʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*yirəʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they saw",
"*bənê*": "construct state of 'sons' - sons of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*niggāpû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - they were defeated",
"*yittənû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they gave",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*māqôm*": "common noun, masculine singular - place/space",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*bāṭəḥû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they trusted",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*śāmû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they set/placed",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah"
},
"variants": {
"*niggāpû*": "were defeated/struck down/smitten",
"*bāṭəḥû*": "trusted/relied on/had confidence in",
"*ʾōrēb*": "ambush/ambusher/lier-in-wait"
}
}
37 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.37",
"source": "וְהָאֹרֵ֣ב הֵחִ֔ישׁוּ וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֖וּ אֶל־הַגִּבְעָ֑ה וַיִּמְשֹׁךְ֙ הָאֹרֵ֔ב וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת־כָּל־הָעִ֖יר לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃",
"text": "And-the-*ʾōrēb* *hēḥîšû* and-*yipəšəṭû* against-the-*gibəʿâ*; and-*yimšōk* the-*ʾōrēb* and-*yak* *ʾet*-all-the-*ʿîr* to-*pî*-*ḥāreb*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*hēḥîšû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they hurried",
"*yipəšəṭû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they rushed/spread out",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah",
"*yimšōk*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he drew/extended",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*yak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he struck",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*pî*": "construct state - mouth of",
"*ḥāreb*": "common noun, feminine singular - sword"
},
"variants": {
"*hēḥîšû*": "hurried/hastened/made haste",
"*yipəšəṭû*": "rushed/spread out/made a raid",
"*yimšōk*": "drew out/extended/advanced",
"*pî*-*ḥāreb*": "edge of the sword/with the sword/by the sword"
}
}
38 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.38",
"source": "וְהַמּוֹעֵ֗ד הָיָ֛ה לְאִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עִם־הָאֹרֵ֑ב הֶ֕רֶב לְהַעֲלוֹתָ֛ם מַשְׂאַ֥ת הֶעָשָׁ֖ן מִן־הָעִֽיר׃",
"text": "And-the-*môʿēd* *hāyâ* to-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* with-the-*ʾōrēb* to-increase to-*haʿălôtām* *maśʾat* the-*ʿāšān* from-the-*ʿîr*.",
"grammar": {
"*môʿēd*": "common noun, masculine singular - appointed sign/signal",
"*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it was",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾōrēb*": "common noun, masculine singular - ambush",
"*haʿălôtām*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their causing to go up",
"*maśʾat*": "construct state - rising/cloud of",
"*ʿāšān*": "common noun, masculine singular - smoke",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city"
},
"variants": {
"*môʿēd*": "appointed sign/signal/arrangement",
"*haʿălôtām*": "their causing to go up/sending up/raising",
"*maśʾat*": "rising/cloud/column",
"*ʿāšān*": "smoke/vapor"
}
}
39 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.39",
"source": "וַיַּהֲפֹ֥ךְ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וּבִנְיָמִ֡ן הֵחֵל֩ לְהַכּ֨וֹת חֲלָלִ֤ים בְּאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כִּשְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים אִ֔ישׁ כִּ֣י אָמְר֔וּ אַךְ֩ נִגּ֨וֹף נִגָּ֥ף הוּא֙ לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ כַּמִּלְחָמָ֖ה הָרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*yahăpōk* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*milḥāmâ*; and-*binyāmin* *hēḥēl* to-*hakkôt* *ḥălālîm* in-*ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* about-thirty *ʾîš*, for *ʾāmərû*, 'Surely *niggôp* *niggāp* he before-us as-in-the-*milḥāmâ* the-first.'",
"grammar": {
"*yahăpōk*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he turned",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*hēḥēl*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he began",
"*hakkôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to smite/strike",
"*ḥălālîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - slain/wounded",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/men",
"*ʾāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they said",
"*niggôp*": "Qal infinitive absolute - being struck",
"*niggāp*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he is struck",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war"
},
"variants": {
"*yahăpōk*": "turned/turned around/reversed position",
"*hēḥēl*": "began/started",
"*hakkôt*": "to strike/smite/slay",
"*ḥălālîm*": "slain/wounded/casualties",
"*niggôp* *niggāp*": "surely defeated/utterly smitten/completely struck down"
}
}
40 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.40",
"source": "וְהַמַּשְׂאֵ֗ת הֵחֵ֛לָּה לַעֲל֥וֹת מִן־הָעִ֖יר עַמּ֣וּד עָשָׁ֑ן וַיִּ֤פֶן בִּנְיָמִן֙ אַחֲרָ֔יו וְהִנֵּ֛ה עָלָ֥ה כְלִיל־הָעִ֖יר הַשָּׁמָֽיְמָה׃",
"text": "And-the-*maśʾēt* *hēḥēllâ* to-*ʿălôt* from-the-*ʿîr* *ʿammûd* *ʿāšān*; and-*yipen* *binyāmin* behind-him, and-behold *ʿālâ* *kəlîl*-the-*ʿîr* toward-the-*šāmāyəmâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*maśʾēt*": "common noun, feminine singular - rising/cloud",
"*hēḥēllâ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it began",
"*ʿălôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to go up",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*ʿammûd*": "common noun, masculine singular - pillar/column",
"*ʿāšān*": "common noun, masculine singular - smoke",
"*yipen*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he turned",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it went up",
"*kəlîl*": "common noun, masculine singular - completeness/whole",
"*ʿîr*": "common noun, feminine singular - city",
"*šāmāyəmâ*": "common noun with directional heh - toward the heavens"
},
"variants": {
"*maśʾēt*": "rising/cloud/column",
"*hēḥēllâ*": "began/started",
"*ʿammûd*": "pillar/column",
"*yipen*": "turned/looked back",
"*kəlîl*": "completeness/whole/entirety"
}
}
41 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.41",
"source": "וְאִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הָפַ֔ךְ וַיִבָּהֵ֖ל אִ֣ישׁ בִּנְיָמִ֑ן כִּ֣י רָאָ֔ה כִּֽי־נָגְעָ֥ה עָלָ֖יו הָרָעָֽה׃",
"text": "And-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* *hāpak*, and-*yibbāhēl* *ʾîš* *binyāmin*; because *rāʾâ* that-*nāgəʿâ* upon-him the-*rāʿâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*hāpak*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he turned",
"*yibbāhēl*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he was dismayed",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*rāʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he saw",
"*nāgəʿâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it touched/reached",
"*rāʿâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster"
},
"variants": {
"*hāpak*": "turned/turned around/reversed position",
"*yibbāhēl*": "was dismayed/terrified/troubled",
"*nāgəʿâ*": "touched/reached/come upon",
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity"
}
}
42 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.42",
"source": "וַיִּפְנ֞וּ לִפְנֵ֨י אִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־דֶּ֣רֶךְ הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְהַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה הִדְבִּיקָ֑תְהוּ וַאֲשֶׁר֙ מֵהֶ֣עָרִ֔ים מַשְׁחִיתִ֥ים אוֹת֖וֹ בְּתוֹכֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And-*yipənû* before *ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* toward-*derek* the-*midbār*, and-the-*milḥāmâ* *hidbîqātəhû*; and-those from-the-*ʿārîm* *mašḥîtîm* him in-*tôkô*.",
"grammar": {
"*yipənû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they turned",
"*ʾîš*": "construct state - men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*derek*": "common noun, masculine singular - way/road",
"*midbār*": "common noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert",
"*milḥāmâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war",
"*hidbîqātəhû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it overtook him",
"*ʿārîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - cities",
"*mašḥîtîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - destroying/ruining",
"*tôkô*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its midst"
},
"variants": {
"*yipənû*": "turned/fled/faced",
"*derek*": "way/road/direction",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land",
"*hidbîqātəhû*": "overtook him/caught up with him/pursued him closely",
"*mašḥîtîm*": "destroying/ruining/cutting down"
}
}
43 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.43",
"source": "כִּתְּר֤וּ אֶת־בִּנְיָמִן֙ הִרְדִיפֻ֔הוּ מְנוּחָ֖ה הִדְרִיכֻ֑הוּ עַ֛ד נֹ֥כַח הַגִּבְעָ֖ה מִמִּזְרַח־שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃",
"text": "*kittərû* *ʾet*-*binyāmin* *hirdîpuhû* *mənûḥâ* *hidrîkuhû* until *nōkaḥ* the-*gibəʿâ* from-*mizraḥ*-*šāmeš*.",
"grammar": {
"*kittərû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person plural - they surrounded",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*hirdîpuhû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they pursued him",
"*mənûḥâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - resting place/ease",
"*hidrîkuhû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they caused him to tread/pursued him",
"*nōkaḥ*": "preposition - opposite/in front of",
"*gibəʿâ*": "proper noun - Gibeah",
"*mizraḥ*": "construct state - east of",
"*šāmeš*": "common noun, feminine singular - sun"
},
"variants": {
"*kittərû*": "surrounded/encircled/enclosed",
"*hirdîpuhû*": "pursued him/chased him",
"*mənûḥâ*": "at ease/without rest/from resting place",
"*hidrîkuhû*": "overtook him/pursued him/pressed him",
"*nōkaḥ*": "opposite/in front of/facing"
}
}
44 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.44",
"source": "וַֽיִּפְּלוּ֙ מִבִּנְיָמִ֔ן שְׁמֹנָֽה־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֖לֶף אִ֑ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה אַנְשֵׁי־חָֽיִל׃",
"text": "And-*yippəlû* from-*binyāmin* eighteen *ʾelep* *ʾîš*; *ʾet*-all-these *ʾanšê*-*ḥāyil*.",
"grammar": {
"*yippəlû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural with waw consecutive - they fell",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʾelep*": "common noun, masculine singular - thousand",
"*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular (collective) - men",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾanšê*": "construct state - men of",
"*ḥāyil*": "common noun, masculine singular - strength/valor"
},
"variants": {
"*yippəlû*": "fell/were killed/died",
"*ʾanšê*-*ḥāyil*": "men of valor/valiant men/mighty warriors"
}
}
45 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.45",
"source": "וַיִּפְנ֞וּ וַיָּנֻ֤סוּ הַמִּדְבָּ֙רָה֙ אֶל־סֶ֣לַע הָֽרִמּ֔וֹן וַיְעֹֽלְלֻ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽמְסִלּ֔וֹת חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ וַיַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ אַחֲרָיו֙ עַד־גִּדְעֹ֔ם וַיַּכּ֥וּ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ אַלְפַּ֥יִם אִֽישׁ׃",
"text": "And they *wəyippənû* and they *wəyyānusû* the *hammidəbārâ* to-*selaʿ hārimmôn* and they *wəyəʿōləluhû* in-the-*məsillôt* five thousand *ʾîš*; and they *wayyadbîqû* after them unto-*gidʿōm* and they *wayyakkū* from them two thousand *ʾîš*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəyippənû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they turned",
"*wəyyānusû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they fled",
"*hammidəbārâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular + directional he - to the wilderness",
"*selaʿ hārimmôn*": "noun construct chain - rock of Rimmon",
"*wəyəʿōləluhû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they gleaned them",
"*məsillôt*": "noun, feminine plural - highways/roads",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - men (collective)",
"*wayyadbîqû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they pursued/overtook",
"*gidʿōm*": "proper noun - Gidom",
"*wayyakkū*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they smote/struck"
},
"variants": {
"*wəyippənû*": "turned/faced/turned away",
"*wəyyānusû*": "fled/escaped",
"*hammidəbārâ*": "toward the wilderness/desert",
"*wəyəʿōləluhû*": "gleaned them/gathered them/cut them off",
"*məsillôt*": "highways/roads/paths",
"*wayyadbîqû*": "pursued/overtook/clung to",
"*wayyakkū*": "smote/struck/slew"
}
}
46 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.46",
"source": "וַיְהִי֩ כָל־הַנֹּ֨פְלִ֜ים מִבִּנְיָמִ֗ן עֶשְׂרִים֩ וַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה אֶ֥לֶף אִ֛ישׁ שֹׁ֥לֵֽף חֶ֖רֶב בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא אֶֽת־כָּל־אֵ֖לֶּה אַנְשֵׁי־חָֽיִל׃",
"text": "And it *wəyəhî* all-the-*nōpəlîm* from-*binyāmin* twenty and-five thousand *ʾîš* *šōlēp ḥereb* in-the-day the-that; *ʾet*-all-these *ʾanšê-ḥāyil*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəyəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was/came to pass",
"*nōpəlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - falling ones/those who fell",
"*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - men (collective)",
"*šōlēp ḥereb*": "qal participle + noun - drawing sword/armed with sword",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾanšê-ḥāyil*": "noun construct chain - men of valor/strength"
},
"variants": {
"*nōpəlîm*": "fallen ones/casualties/those who fell",
"*šōlēp ḥereb*": "drawing sword/wielding sword/armed warriors",
"*ʾanšê-ḥāyil*": "men of valor/men of strength/valiant warriors"
}
}
47 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.47",
"source": "וַיִּפְנ֞וּ וַיָּנֻ֤סוּ הַמִּדְבָּ֙רָה֙ אֶל־סֶ֣לַע הָֽרִמּ֔וֹן שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת אִ֑ישׁ וַיֵּֽשְׁבוּ֙ בְּסֶ֣לַע רִמּ֔וֹן אַרְבָּעָ֖ה חֳדָשִֽׁים׃",
"text": "And they *wəyippənû* and they *wəyyānusû* the-*midəbārâ* to-*selaʿ hārimmôn* six hundred *ʾîš*; and they *wayyēšəbû* in-*selaʿ rimmôn* four *ḥŏdāšîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəyippənû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they turned",
"*wəyyānusû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they fled",
"*midəbārâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional he - to the wilderness",
"*selaʿ hārimmôn*": "noun construct chain - rock of Rimmon",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - men (collective)",
"*wayyēšəbû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they dwelt/remained",
"*selaʿ rimmôn*": "noun construct chain - rock of Rimmon",
"*ḥŏdāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - months"
},
"variants": {
"*wəyippənû*": "turned/faced/turned away",
"*wəyyānusû*": "fled/escaped",
"*midəbārâ*": "toward the wilderness/desert",
"*wayyēšəbû*": "dwelt/remained/stayed"
}
}
48 {
"verseID": "Judges.20.48",
"source": "וְאִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל שָׁ֣בוּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י בִנְיָמִן֙ וַיַכּ֣וּם לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב מֵעִ֤יר מְתִ[c]ם֙ עַד־בְּהֵמָ֔ה עַ֖ד כָּל־הַנִּמְצָ֑א גַּ֛ם כָּל־הֶעָרִ֥ים הַנִּמְצָא֖וֹת שִׁלְּח֥וּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃",
"text": "And-*ʾîš yiśrāʾēl* *šābû* to-*bənê binyāmin* and they *wayyakkûm* to-*pî-ḥereb* from-*ʿîr mətim* until-*bəhēmâ* until all-the-*nimṣāʾ*; also all-the-*ʿārîm* the-*nimṣāʾôt* they *šilləḥû* in-the-*ʾēš*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš yiśrāʾēl*": "noun construct chain - men of Israel",
"*šābû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they returned/turned back",
"*bənê binyāmin*": "noun construct chain - sons of Benjamin/Benjaminites",
"*wayyakkûm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they smote them",
"*pî-ḥereb*": "noun construct chain - mouth of sword/edge of sword",
"*ʿîr mətim*": "noun construct chain - city of men/intact city",
"*bəhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/cattle",
"*nimṣāʾ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - being found/that which was found",
"*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities",
"*nimṣāʾôt*": "niphal participle, feminine plural - being found/that were found",
"*šilləḥû*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they sent/set",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire"
},
"variants": {
"*šābû*": "returned/turned back",
"*wayyakkûm*": "smote them/struck them/slew them",
"*pî-ḥereb*": "edge of sword/with the sword",
"*ʿîr mətim*": "entire city/city of men/from city to city",
"*nimṣāʾ*": "that which was found/everything that remained",
"*šilləḥû*": "sent/set/put/consigned"
}
}