Isa 59:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.1",
"source": "הֵ֛ן לֹֽא־קָצְרָ֥ה יַד־יְהוָ֖ה מֵֽהוֹשִׁ֑יעַ וְלֹא־כָבְדָ֥ה אָזְנ֖וֹ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃",
"text": "*Hēn* not *qāṣərāh* *yad-YHWH* from *hôšîaʿ* and-not *kābədāh* *ʾāzənô* from *šəmôaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*Hēn*": "interjection - behold/look/see",
"*qāṣərāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd singular feminine - become short/shortened",
"*yad-YHWH*": "construct form, hand/arm of YHWH (divine name)",
"*hôšîaʿ*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to save/deliver",
"*kābədāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd singular feminine - be/become heavy/dull",
"*ʾāzənô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd singular masculine suffix - his ear",
"*šəmôaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to hear"
},
"variants": {
"*Hēn*": "behold/indeed/look",
"*qāṣərāh*": "shortened/become too short/inadequate",
"*yad-YHWH*": "hand of YHWH/power of YHWH/agency of YHWH",
"*hôšîaʿ*": "to save/deliver/help/rescue",
"*kābədāh*": "heavy/dull/unresponsive",
"*šəmôaʿ*": "to hear/listen/pay attention to"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.2",
"source": "כִּ֤י אִם־עֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ הָי֣וּ מַבְדִּלִ֔ים בֵּינֵכֶ֕ם לְבֵ֖ין אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם וְחַטֹּֽאותֵיכֶ֗ם הִסְתִּ֧ירוּ פָנִ֛ים מִכֶּ֖ם מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃",
"text": "*Kî* if *ʿăwōnōtêkem* *hāyû* *mabdilîm* between-you to-between *ʾĕlōhêkem* and-*ḥaṭṭōʾwtêkem* *histîrû* *pānîm* from-you from-*šəmôaʿ*",
"grammar": {
"*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʿăwōnōtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your iniquities",
"*hāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - were/have been",
"*mabdilîm*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine plural - separating/causing division",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your God",
"*ḥaṭṭōʾwtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your sins",
"*histîrû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - have hidden/concealed",
"*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - face/presence",
"*šəmôaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to hear"
},
"variants": {
"*Kî*": "because/for/indeed",
"*ʿăwōnōtêkem*": "your iniquities/perversities/guilt",
"*mabdilîm*": "making separation/dividing/causing division",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God (plural form with singular meaning)",
"*ḥaṭṭōʾwtêkem*": "your sins/failings/misdeeds",
"*histîrû*": "hidden/concealed/covered",
"*pānîm*": "face/presence/person"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.3",
"source": "כִּ֤י כַפֵּיכֶם֙ נְגֹאֲל֣וּ בַדָּ֔ם וְאֶצְבְּעוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בֶּֽעָוֺ֑ן שִׂפְתֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ דִּבְּרוּ־שֶׁ֔קֶר לְשׁוֹנְכֶ֖ם עַוְלָ֥ה תֶהְגֶּֽה׃",
"text": "*Kî* *kappêkem* *nəgōʾălû* in-*dām* and-*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem* in-*ʿāwōn* *śiptôtêkem* *dibbərû-šeqer* *ləšônəkem* *ʿawlāh* *tehgeh*",
"grammar": {
"*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*kappêkem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd plural suffix - your palms/hands",
"*nəgōʾălû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd plural - defiled/polluted",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood",
"*ʾeṣbəʿôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your fingers",
"*ʿāwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/guilt/sin",
"*śiptôtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd plural suffix - your lips",
"*dibbərû-šeqer*": "verb phrase, piel perfect 3rd plural + noun - have spoken falsehood",
"*ləšônəkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd plural suffix - your tongue",
"*ʿawlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - injustice/wickedness",
"*tehgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - mutters/utters"
},
"variants": {
"*kappêkem*": "your palms/hands",
"*nəgōʾălû*": "defiled/polluted/stained",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed",
"*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/perversity",
"*dibbərû-šeqer*": "spoken falsehood/lies/deception",
"*ʿawlāh*": "injustice/wickedness/perversity",
"*tehgeh*": "mutters/utters/speaks"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.4",
"source": "אֵין־קֹרֵ֣א בְצֶ֔דֶק וְאֵ֥ין נִשְׁפָּ֖ט בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה בָּט֤וֹחַ עַל־תֹּ֙הוּ֙ וְדַבֶּר־שָׁ֔וְא הָר֥וֹ עָמָ֖ל וְהוֹלֵ֥יד אָֽוֶן׃",
"text": "none-*qōrēʾ* in-*ṣedeq* and-none *nišpāṭ* in-*ʾĕmûnāh* *bāṭôaḥ* upon-*tōhû* and-*dabber-šāwəʾ* *hārô* *ʿāmāl* and-*hôlêd* *ʾāwen*",
"grammar": {
"*qōrēʾ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - calling/pleading",
"*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice",
"*nišpāṭ*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - judged/pleaded",
"*ʾĕmûnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - faithfulness/truth",
"*bāṭôaḥ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - trusting/relying",
"*tōhû*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity/chaos",
"*dabber-šāwəʾ*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking emptiness",
"*hārô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving/becoming pregnant",
"*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular - trouble/mischief/labor",
"*hôlêd*": "verb, hiphil infinitive absolute - bearing/bringing forth",
"*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness"
},
"variants": {
"*qōrēʾ*": "calling/pleading/advocating",
"*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/right",
"*nišpāṭ*": "judged/contended/pleaded",
"*ʾĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truth/honesty",
"*bāṭôaḥ*": "trusting/relying/depending",
"*tōhû*": "emptiness/chaos/nothingness/vanity",
"*šāwəʾ*": "emptiness/falsehood/vanity",
"*ʿāmāl*": "trouble/mischief/labor/toil",
"*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble/sorrow"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.5",
"source": "בֵּיצֵ֤י צִפְעוֹנִי֙ בִּקֵּ֔עוּ וְקוּרֵ֥י עַכָּבִ֖ישׁ יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ הָאֹכֵ֤ל מִבֵּֽיצֵיהֶם֙ יָמ֔וּת וְהַזּוּרֶ֖ה תִּבָּקַ֥ע אֶפְעֶֽה׃",
"text": "*Bêṣê* *ṣipʿônî* *biqqēʿû* and-*qûrê* *ʿakkābîš* *yeʾĕrōgû* the-*ʾōkēl* from-*bêṣêhem* *yāmût* and-the-*zûreh* *tibbāqaʿ* *ʾepʿeh*",
"grammar": {
"*Bêṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - eggs of",
"*ṣipʿônî*": "noun, masculine singular - viper/poisonous snake",
"*biqqēʿû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd plural - hatched/broke open",
"*qûrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - webs of",
"*ʿakkābîš*": "noun, masculine singular - spider",
"*yeʾĕrōgû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they weave",
"*ʾōkēl*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one eating",
"*bêṣêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their eggs",
"*yāmût*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - dies/will die",
"*zûreh*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one pressed/crushed",
"*tibbāqaʿ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - breaks forth/hatches",
"*ʾepʿeh*": "noun, feminine singular - viper"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣipʿônî*": "viper/adder/poisonous snake",
"*biqqēʿû*": "hatched/broke open",
"*ʿakkābîš*": "spider",
"*yeʾĕrōgû*": "weave/spin",
"*ʾōkēl*": "eater/one who eats",
"*yāmût*": "dies/will die",
"*zûreh*": "pressed/crushed/squeezed",
"*tibbāqaʿ*": "breaks forth/hatches/breaks open",
"*ʾepʿeh*": "viper/poisonous snake"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.6",
"source": "קֽוּרֵיהֶם֙ לֹא־יִהְי֣וּ לְבֶ֔גֶד וְלֹ֥א יִתְכַּסּ֖וּ בְּמַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם מַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶם֙ מַֽעֲשֵׂי־אָ֔וֶן וּפֹ֥עַל חָמָ֖ס בְּכַפֵּיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "*Qûrêhem* not-*yihyû* for-*beged* and-not *yitkkassû* in-*maʿăśêhem* *maʿăśêhem* *maʿăśê-ʾāwen* and-*pōʿal* *ḥāmās* in-*kappêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*Qûrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their webs",
"*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will be",
"*beged*": "noun, masculine singular - garment/clothing",
"*yitkkassû*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 3rd plural - they cover themselves",
"*maʿăśêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their works/deeds",
"*maʿăśê-ʾāwen*": "construct phrase - works of iniquity",
"*pōʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - act/deed of",
"*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence/wrong",
"*kappêhem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd plural suffix - their hands/palms"
},
"variants": {
"*Qûrêhem*": "their webs/threads",
"*beged*": "garment/clothing/covering",
"*maʿăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/actions",
"*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble",
"*pōʿal*": "act/deed/work",
"*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice/cruelty",
"*kappêhem*": "their hands/palms"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.7",
"source": "רַגְלֵיהֶם֙ לָרַ֣ע יָרֻ֔צוּ וִֽימַהֲר֔וּ לִשְׁפֹּ֖ךְ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑י מַחְשְׁבֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת אָ֔וֶן שֹׁ֥ד וָשֶׁ֖בֶר בִּמְסִלּוֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "*Raglêhem* to-*raʿ* *yāruṣû* and-*wîmahărû* to-*šəppōk* *dām* *nāqî* *maḥšəbôtêhem* *maḥšəbôt* *ʾāwen* *šōd* and-*šeber* in-*məsillôtām*",
"grammar": {
"*Raglêhem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd plural suffix - their feet",
"*raʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil/wickedness",
"*yāruṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they run",
"*wîmahărû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - they hasten/hurry",
"*šəppōk*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to pour out/shed",
"*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood",
"*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent",
"*maḥšəbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their thoughts",
"*maḥšəbôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - thoughts of",
"*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness",
"*šōd*": "noun, masculine singular - violence/destruction",
"*šeber*": "noun, masculine singular - ruin/breaking",
"*məsillôtām*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their highways/paths"
},
"variants": {
"*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/harm",
"*yāruṣû*": "run/rush",
"*wîmahărû*": "hasten/hurry/make haste",
"*šəppōk*": "to pour out/shed",
"*dām*": "blood/bloodshed",
"*nāqî*": "innocent/free from guilt",
"*maḥšəbôt*": "thoughts/plans/devices",
"*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble",
"*šōd*": "violence/destruction/devastation",
"*šeber*": "ruin/breaking/fracture",
"*məsillôtām*": "their highways/paths/roads"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.8",
"source": "דֶּ֤רֶךְ שָׁלוֹם֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ וְאֵ֥ין מִשְׁפָּ֖ט בְּמַעְגְּלוֹתָ֑ם נְתִיבֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ עִקְּשׁ֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם כֹּ֚ל דֹּרֵ֣ךְ בָּ֔הּ לֹ֥א יָדַ֖ע שָׁלֽוֹם׃",
"text": "*Derek* *šālôm* not *yādāʿû* and-none *mišpāṭ* in-*maʿgəlôtām* *nətîbôtêhem* *ʿiqqəšû* to-them all *dōrēk* in-her not *yādaʿ* *šālôm*",
"grammar": {
"*Derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way of",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/welfare",
"*yādāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they know",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment",
"*maʿgəlôtām*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their paths/tracks",
"*nətîbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their pathways",
"*ʿiqqəšû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd plural - they have twisted/perverted",
"*dōrēk*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - treading/walking",
"*yādaʿ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he knows",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/welfare"
},
"variants": {
"*Derek*": "way/path/journey",
"*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/completeness/safety",
"*yādāʿû*": "know/recognize/acknowledge",
"*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right",
"*maʿgəlôtām*": "their paths/tracks/courses",
"*nətîbôtêhem*": "their pathways/roads",
"*ʿiqqəšû*": "twisted/perverted/made crooked",
"*dōrēk*": "treading/walking/stepping"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.9",
"source": "עַל־כֵּ֗ן רָחַ֤ק מִשְׁפָּט֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְלֹ֥א תַשִּׂיגֵ֖נוּ צְדָקָ֑ה נְקַוֶּ֤ה לָאוֹר֙ וְהִנֵּה־חֹ֔שֶׁךְ לִנְגֹה֖וֹת בָּאֲפֵל֥וֹת נְהַלֵּֽךְ׃",
"text": "upon-thus *rāḥaq* *mišpāṭ* from-us and-not *taśśîgēnû* *ṣədāqāh* *nəqawweh* to-*ʾôr* and-behold-*ḥōšek* to-*nəgōhôt* in-*ʾăpēlôt* *nəhallēk*",
"grammar": {
"*rāḥaq*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is far/removed",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment",
"*taśśîgēnû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 1st plural suffix - overtakes us",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness/justice",
"*nəqawweh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural - we hope/wait for",
"*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - light",
"*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness",
"*nəgōhôt*": "noun, feminine plural - brightness/light",
"*ʾăpēlôt*": "noun, feminine plural - darkness/gloom",
"*nəhallēk*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural - we walk"
},
"variants": {
"*rāḥaq*": "is far/removed/distant",
"*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right",
"*taśśîgēnû*": "overtakes us/reaches us/catches up to us",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness",
"*nəqawweh*": "we wait for/hope for/expect",
"*ʾôr*": "light/daylight/sunshine",
"*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity",
"*nəgōhôt*": "brightness/light/illumination",
"*ʾăpēlôt*": "darkness/gloom/thick darkness",
"*nəhallēk*": "we walk/go/proceed"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.10",
"source": "נְגַֽשְׁשָׁ֤ה כַֽעִוְרִים֙ קִ֔יר וּכְאֵ֥ין עֵינַ֖יִם נְגַשֵּׁ֑שָׁה כָּשַׁ֤לְנוּ בַֽצָּהֳרַ֙יִם֙ כַּנֶּ֔שֶׁף בָּאַשְׁמַנִּ֖ים כַּמֵּתִֽים׃",
"text": "*Nəgaššāšāh* like-*ʿiwrîm* *qîr* and-like-none *ʿênayim* *nəgaššēšāh* *kāšalnû* in-*ṣṣāhŏrayim* like-*neešep* in-*ʾašmannîm* like-*mētîm*",
"grammar": {
"*Nəgaššāšāh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - we grope/feel our way",
"*ʿiwrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - blind (people)",
"*qîr*": "noun, masculine singular - wall",
"*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual - eyes",
"*nəgaššēšāh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - we grope/feel our way",
"*kāšalnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st plural - we stumble/stagger",
"*ṣṣāhŏrayim*": "noun, masculine dual - noon/midday",
"*neešep*": "noun, masculine singular - twilight/dusk",
"*ʾašmannîm*": "noun, masculine plural - fat/fertile places",
"*mētîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - dead (people)"
},
"variants": {
"*Nəgaššāšāh*": "we grope/feel our way/seek by touch",
"*ʿiwrîm*": "blind (people)",
"*qîr*": "wall/side",
"*nəgaššēšāh*": "we grope/feel our way/seek by touch",
"*kāšalnû*": "we stumble/stagger/totter",
"*ṣṣāhŏrayim*": "noon/midday/noonday brightness",
"*neešep*": "twilight/dusk/darkness",
"*ʾašmannîm*": "fat places/fertile fields/desolate places",
"*mētîm*": "dead (people)/corpses"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.11",
"source": "נֶהֱמֶ֤ה כַדֻּבִּים֙ כֻּלָּ֔נוּ וְכַיּוֹנִ֖ים הָגֹ֣ה נֶהְגֶּ֑ה נְקַוֶּ֤ה לַמִּשְׁפָּט֙ וָאַ֔יִן לִֽישׁוּעָ֖ה רָחֲקָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "*Nehĕmeh* like-*dubbîm* all-us and-like-*yônîm* *hāgōh* *nehgeh* *nəqawweh* to-*mišpāṭ* and-there-is-none to-*yəšûʿāh* *rāḥăqāh* from-us",
"grammar": {
"*Nehĕmeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st plural - we growl/moan",
"*dubbîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bears",
"*yônîm*": "noun, feminine plural - doves",
"*hāgōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - moaning/mourning",
"*nehgeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st plural - we moan/mutter",
"*nəqawweh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st plural - we hope/wait for",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment",
"*yəšûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - salvation/deliverance",
"*rāḥăqāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it is far/distant"
},
"variants": {
"*Nehĕmeh*": "we growl/moan/roar",
"*dubbîm*": "bears",
"*yônîm*": "doves/pigeons",
"*hāgōh*": "moaning/mourning/cooing",
"*nehgeh*": "we moan/mutter/coo",
"*nəqawweh*": "we hope/wait for/expect",
"*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right",
"*yəšûʿāh*": "salvation/deliverance/help",
"*rāḥăqāh*": "it is far/distant/removed"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.12",
"source": "כִּֽי־רַבּ֤וּ פְשָׁעֵ֙ינוּ֙ נֶגְדֶּ֔ךָ וְחַטֹּאותֵ֖ינוּ עָ֣נְתָה בָּ֑נוּ כִּֽי־פְשָׁעֵ֣ינוּ אִתָּ֔נוּ וַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֖ינוּ יְדַֽעֲנֽוּם׃",
"text": "*Kî-rabbû* *pəšāʿênû* before-you and-*ḥaṭṭōʾwtênû* *ʿānətāh* against-us *kî-pəšāʿênû* with-us and-*ʿăwōnōtênû* *yədaʿănûm*",
"grammar": {
"*Kî-rabbû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - for they are many",
"*pəšāʿênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our transgressions",
"*ḥaṭṭōʾwtênû*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our sins",
"*ʿānətāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she testifies/answers",
"*kî-pəšāʿênû*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - for our transgressions",
"*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our iniquities",
"*yədaʿănûm*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - we know them"
},
"variants": {
"*rabbû*": "are many/numerous/great",
"*pəšāʿênû*": "our transgressions/rebellions/crimes",
"*ḥaṭṭōʾwtênû*": "our sins/failures/misdeeds",
"*ʿānətāh*": "testifies/answers/responds",
"*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "our iniquities/guilt/perversities",
"*yədaʿănûm*": "we know them/acknowledge them/recognize them"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.13",
"source": "פָּשֹׁ֤עַ וְכַחֵשׁ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְנָס֖וֹג מֵאַחַ֣ר אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ דַּבֶּר־עֹ֣שֶׁק וְסָרָ֔ה הֹר֧וֹ וְהֹג֛וֹ מִלֵּ֖ב דִּבְרֵי־שָֽׁקֶר׃",
"text": "*Pāšōaʿ* and-*kaḥēš* against-*YHWH* and-*nāsôg* from-after *ʾĕlōhênû* *dabber-ʿōšeq* and-*sārāh* *hōrô* and-*hōgô* from-*lēb* *dibrê-šāqer*",
"grammar": {
"*Pāšōaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - transgressing/rebelling",
"*kaḥēš*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - denying/lying",
"*nāsôg*": "verb, niphal infinitive absolute - turning away/departing",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our God",
"*dabber-ʿōšeq*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking oppression",
"*sārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - revolt/apostasy",
"*hōrô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving",
"*hōgô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - uttering/muttering",
"*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart",
"*dibrê-šāqer*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - words of falsehood"
},
"variants": {
"*Pāšōaʿ*": "transgressing/rebelling/revolting",
"*kaḥēš*": "denying/lying/deceiving",
"*nāsôg*": "turning away/departing/withdrawing",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God (plural form with singular meaning)",
"*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/unjust gain",
"*sārāh*": "revolt/apostasy/rebellion",
"*hōrô*": "conceiving/becoming pregnant with",
"*hōgô*": "uttering/muttering/meditating on",
"*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person",
"*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.14",
"source": "וְהֻסַּ֤ג אָחוֹר֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה מֵרָח֣וֹק תַּעֲמֹ֑ד כִּֽי־כָשְׁלָ֤ה בָֽרְחוֹב֙ אֱמֶ֔ת וּנְכֹחָ֖ה לֹא־תוּכַ֥ל לָבֽוֹא׃",
"text": "And-*hussag* *ʾāḥôr* *mišpāṭ* and-*ṣədāqāh* from-*rāḥôq* *taʿămōd* *kî-kāšəlāh* in-*rəḥôb* *ʾĕmet* and-*nəkōḥāh* not-*tûkal* to-*lābôʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*hussag*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is turned back/thrust back",
"*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward/back",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness",
"*rāḥôq*": "noun, masculine singular - distance/far place",
"*taʿămōd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - stands/stays",
"*kî-kāšəlāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - for it stumbles",
"*rəḥôb*": "noun, masculine singular - open place/street",
"*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth/faithfulness",
"*nəkōḥāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - straightness/uprightness",
"*tûkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - is able/capable",
"*lābôʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to enter/come"
},
"variants": {
"*hussag*": "is turned back/thrust back/driven away",
"*ʾāḥôr*": "backward/back/behind",
"*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness",
"*rāḥôq*": "distance/far place/afar",
"*taʿămōd*": "stands/stays/remains",
"*kāšəlāh*": "stumbles/totters/falls",
"*rəḥôb*": "open place/street/square",
"*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability",
"*nəkōḥāh*": "straightness/uprightness/honesty",
"*tûkal*": "is able/capable/can",
"*lābôʾ*": "to enter/come/arrive"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Isaiah.59.15",
"source": "וַתְּהִ֤י הָֽאֱמֶת֙ נֶעְדֶּ֔רֶת וְסָ֥ר מֵרָ֖ע מִשְׁתּוֹלֵ֑ל וַיַּ֧רְא יְהוָ֛ה וַיֵּ֥רַע בְּעֵינָ֖יו כִּֽי־אֵ֥ין מִשְׁפָּֽט׃",
"text": "And-*təhî* the-*ʾĕmet* *neʿderet* and-*sār* from-*rāʿ* *mištôlēl* and-*yayrə* *YHWH* and-*yēraʿ* in-*ʿênāyw* *kî-ʾên* *mišpāṭ*",
"grammar": {
"*təhî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - became/was",
"*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the truth",
"*neʿderet*": "verb, niphal participle, feminine singular - lacking/missing",
"*sār*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - turning aside",
"*rāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil",
"*mištôlēl*": "verb, hithpoel participle, masculine singular - plundered/despoiled",
"*yayrə*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - saw",
"*yēraʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it was displeasing",
"*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes",
"*kî-ʾên*": "conjunction + adverb - for there is no",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability",
"*neʿderet*": "lacking/missing/absent",
"*sār*": "turning aside/departing/removing oneself",
"*rāʿ*": "evil/wickedness/harm",
"*mištôlēl*": "plundered/despoiled/made a prey",
"*yayrə*": "saw/perceived/observed",
"*yēraʿ*": "was displeasing/was evil/was grievous",
"*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right"
}
}