Ezek 20:5-9 : 5 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.5",
"source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֒ בְּיוֹם֙ בָּחֳרִ֣י בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וָאֶשָּׂ֣א יָדִ֗י לְזֶ֙רַע֙ בֵּ֣ית יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וָאִוָּדַ֥ע לָהֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וָאֶשָּׂ֨א יָדִ֤י לָהֶם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wĕʾāmartā* to-them, *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: In-*yôm* *bāḥŏrî* in-*yiśrāʾēl* and-*wāʾeśśāʾ* *yādî* to-*zeraʿ* *bêt* *yaʿăqōb* and-*wāʾiwwādaʿ* to-them in-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* and-*wāʾeśśāʾ* *yādî* to-them *lēʾmōr*: I *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wĕʾāmartā*": "waw-consecutive with qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus",
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day",
"*bāḥŏrî*": "verb, qal infinitive construct with preposition and 1st person singular suffix - my choosing",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wāʾeśśāʾ*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I lifted up",
"*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob",
"*wāʾiwwādaʿ*": "waw-consecutive with niphal imperfect, 1st singular - and I made myself known",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*bāḥŏrî*": "my choosing/when I chose/my election",
"*wāʾeśśāʾ* *yādî*": "and I lifted my hand/and I swore (oath gesture)",
"*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants",
"*wāʾiwwādaʿ*": "and I made myself known/and I revealed myself"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.6",
"source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא נָשָׂ֤אתִי יָדִי֙ לָהֶ֔ם לְהֽוֹצִיאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֶל־אֶ֜רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־תַּ֣רְתִּי לָהֶ֗ם זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ צְבִ֥י הִ֖יא לְכָל־הָאֲרָצֽוֹת׃",
"text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hû* *nāśāʾtî* *yādî* to-them *lĕhôṣîʾām* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* to-*ʾereṣ* that-*tartî* for-them, *zābat* *ḥālāb* and-*ûdĕbaš*, *ṣĕbî* *hîʾ* to-all-the-*ʾărāṣôt*.",
"grammar": {
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - day",
"*hû*": "pronoun, masculine singular - that",
"*nāśāʾtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular - I lifted up",
"*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*lĕhôṣîʾām*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to bring them out",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*tartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular - I searched out/explored",
"*zābat*": "verb, qal participle, feminine singular construct - flowing with",
"*ḥālāb*": "noun, masculine singular - milk",
"*ûdĕbaš*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and honey",
"*ṣĕbî*": "noun, masculine singular - glory/beauty",
"*hîʾ*": "pronoun, feminine singular - it/she",
"*ʾărāṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - lands"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾtî* *yādî*": "I lifted my hand/I swore (oath gesture)",
"*tartî*": "I searched out/I explored/I selected",
"*zābat* *ḥālāb* *ûdĕbaš*": "flowing with milk and honey (idiom for fertile land)",
"*ṣĕbî*": "glory/beauty/ornament/pride"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.7",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם אִ֣ישׁ שִׁקּוּצֵ֤י עֵינָיו֙ הַשְׁלִ֔יכוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם אַל־תִּטַּמָּ֑אוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wāʾōmar* to-them, *ʾîš* *šiqqûṣê* *ʿênāyw* *hašlîkû* and-with-*gillûlê* *miṣrayim* *ʾal*-*tiṭṭammāʾû*; I *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾōmar*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each/each man",
"*šiqqûṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - detestable things of",
"*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes",
"*hašlîkû*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine plural - cast away",
"*gillûlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not",
"*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "verb, hitpael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - defile yourselves",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš*": "each man/each one",
"*šiqqûṣê*": "detestable things/abominations/idols",
"*hašlîkû*": "cast away/throw away/abandon",
"*gillûlê*": "idols/dung idols/dung pellets (derogatory term)",
"*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves/make yourselves unclean"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.8",
"source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֗י וְלֹ֤א אָבוּ֙ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַ אֵלַ֔י אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־שִׁקּוּצֵ֤י עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ לֹ֣א הִשְׁלִ֔יכוּ וְאֶת־גִּלּוּלֵ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם לֹ֣א עָזָ֑בוּ וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֧ךְ חֲמָתִ֣י עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לְכַלּ֤וֹת אַפִּי֙ בָּהֶ֔ם בְּת֖וֹךְ אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyamrû*-against-me and-not *ʾābû* *lišmōaʿ* to-me; *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*šiqqûṣê* *ʿênêhem* not *hišlîkû* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlê* *miṣrayim* not *ʿāzābû*; and-*wāʾōmar* *lišpōk* *ḥămātî* upon-them *lĕkallôt* *ʾappî* against-them in-*tôk* *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyamrû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they rebelled",
"*ʾābû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they were willing",
"*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to listen/hear",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each/each man",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*šiqqûṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - detestable things of",
"*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes",
"*hišlîkû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they cast away",
"*gillûlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*ʿāzābû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they forsook",
"*wāʾōmar*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said",
"*lišpōk*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to pour out",
"*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath",
"*lĕkallôt*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct - to complete/finish",
"*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my anger",
"*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyamrû*": "and they rebelled/and they were disobedient/and they were defiant",
"*ʾābû*": "they were willing/they consented/they agreed",
"*lišmōaʿ*": "to listen/to hear/to obey",
"*šiqqûṣê*": "detestable things/abominations/idols",
"*hišlîkû*": "they cast away/they threw away/they abandoned",
"*ʿāzābû*": "they forsook/they abandoned/they left",
"*lišpōk* *ḥămātî*": "to pour out my wrath (idiom for punishment)",
"*lĕkallôt* *ʾappî*": "to spend my anger/to exhaust my fury"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.9",
"source": "וָאַ֙עַשׂ֙ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמִ֔י לְבִלְתִּ֥י הֵחֵ֛ל לְעֵינֵ֥י הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֣מָּה בְתוֹכָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נוֹדַ֤עְתִּי אֲלֵיהֶם֙ לְעֵ֣ינֵיהֶ֔ם לְהוֹצִיאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "And-*wāʾaʿaś* for-sake-of *šĕmî* *lĕbiltî* *hēḥēl* before-eyes-of the-*gôyim* which-they *bĕtôkām*, which *nôdaʿtî* to-them before-*ʿênêhem* *lĕhôṣîʾām* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim*.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I acted",
"*šĕmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name",
"*lĕbiltî*": "preposition with negative particle - so as not to",
"*hēḥēl*": "verb, niphal infinitive construct - to be profaned/defiled",
"*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - nations",
"*bĕtôkām*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their midst",
"*nôdaʿtî*": "verb, niphal perfect, 1st singular - I made myself known",
"*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes",
"*lĕhôṣîʾām*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to bring them out",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾaʿaś* *lĕmaʿan* *šĕmî*": "and I acted for the sake of my name (idiom for protecting reputation)",
"*lĕbiltî* *hēḥēl*": "so as not to be profaned/so it would not be defiled",
"*nôdaʿtî*": "I made myself known/I revealed myself"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.10",
"source": "וָאֽוֹצִיאֵ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וָאֲבִאֵ֖ם אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃",
"text": "And-*wāʾôṣîʾēm* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* and-*wāʾăbîʾēm* to-the-*midbār*.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾôṣîʾēm*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I brought them out",
"*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt",
"*wāʾăbîʾēm*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I brought them to",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾôṣîʾēm*": "and I brought them out/and I led them out",
"*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.11",
"source": "וָאֶתֵּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ אֶת־חֻקּוֹתַ֔י וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֖י הוֹדַ֣עְתִּי אוֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אוֹתָ֛ם הָאָדָ֖ם וָחַ֥י בָּהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wāʾettēn* to-them *ʾet*-*ḥuqqôtay* and-*ʾet*-*mišpāṭay* *hôdaʿtî* *ʾôtām* which *yaʿăśeh* *ʾôtām* the-*ʾādām* and-*wāḥay* in-them.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾettēn*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I gave",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my ordinances/judgments",
"*hôdaʿtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I made known",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will do",
"*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man",
"*wāḥay*": "waw-consecutive with qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will live",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - by them"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes/my decrees/my laws",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my ordinances/my judgments/my regulations",
"*hôdaʿtî*": "I made known/I informed/I taught",
"*wāḥay* *bāhem*": "and he will live by them/and he will live through them (idiom for finding life through obedience)"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.12",
"source": "וְגַ֤ם אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַי֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לָהֶ֔ם לִהְי֣וֹת לְא֔וֹת בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵֽינֵיהֶ֑ם לָדַ֕עַת כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדְּשָֽׁם׃",
"text": "And-also *ʾet*-*šabbĕtôtay* *nātattî* to-them *lihyôt* for-*ʾôt* between-me and-between-them, *lādaʿat* that I *YHWH* *mĕqaddĕšām*.",
"grammar": {
"*šabbĕtôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st singular - I gave",
"*lihyôt*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to be",
"*ʾôt*": "noun, feminine singular - sign",
"*bênî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - between me",
"*ûbênêhem*": "conjunction with preposition and 3rd masculine plural suffix - and between them",
"*lādaʿat*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to know",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD",
"*mĕqaddĕšām*": "verb, piel participle, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - sanctifying them"
},
"variants": {
"*šabbĕtôtay*": "my sabbaths/my rest days",
"*ʾôt*": "sign/token/marker",
"*lādaʿat*": "to know/so they would know",
"*mĕqaddĕšām*": "sanctifying them/setting them apart/consecrating them"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.13",
"source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֨י בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֨י לֹא־הָלָ֜כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֗סוּ אֲשֶׁר֩ יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אֹתָ֤ם הָֽאָדָם֙ וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֔ם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י חִלְּל֣וּ מְאֹ֑ד וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֨ךְ חֲמָתִ֧י עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר לְכַלּוֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wayyamrû*-against-me *bêt*-*yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*midbār*: in-*ḥuqqôtay* not-*hālākû* and-*ʾet*-*mišpāṭay* *māʾāsû*, which *yaʿăśeh* *ʾōtām* the-*ʾādām* and-*wāḥay* in-them, and-*ʾet*-*šabbĕtōtay* *ḥillĕlû* greatly; and-*wāʾōmar* *lišpōk* *ḥămātî* upon-them in-the-*midbār* *lĕkallôtām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyamrû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they rebelled",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - wilderness",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*hālākû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they walked",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my ordinances/judgments",
"*māʾāsû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they rejected",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will do",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man",
"*wāḥay*": "waw-consecutive with qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will live",
"*šabbĕtōtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*ḥillĕlû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd plural - they profaned",
"*wāʾōmar*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said",
"*lišpōk*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to pour out",
"*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath",
"*lĕkallôtām*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to destroy them"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyamrû*": "and they rebelled/and they were disobedient/and they defied",
"*hālākû*": "they walked/they followed/they obeyed",
"*māʾāsû*": "they rejected/they spurned/they despised",
"*ḥillĕlû*": "they profaned/they defiled/they desecrated",
"*lĕkallôtām*": "to destroy them/to exterminate them/to finish them off"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.14",
"source": "וָאֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמִ֑י לְבִלְתִּ֤י הֵחֵל֙ לְעֵינֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹצֵאתִ֖ים לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-*wāʾeʿĕśeh* for-sake-of *šĕmî*, *lĕbiltî* *hēḥēl* before-eyes-of the-*gôyim* which *hôṣēʾtîm* before-*ʿênêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wāʾeʿĕśeh*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I acted",
"*šĕmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name",
"*lĕbiltî*": "preposition with negative particle - so as not to",
"*hēḥēl*": "verb, niphal infinitive construct - to be profaned/defiled",
"*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - nations",
"*hôṣēʾtîm*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I brought them out",
"*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes"
},
"variants": {
"*wāʾeʿĕśeh* *lĕmaʿan* *šĕmî*": "and I acted for the sake of my name (idiom for protecting reputation)",
"*lĕbiltî* *hēḥēl*": "so as not to be profaned/so it would not be defiled",
"*hôṣēʾtîm* *lĕʿênêhem*": "I brought them out before their eyes/in their sight"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.15",
"source": "וְגַם־אֲנִ֗י נָשָׂ֧אתִי יָדִ֛י לָהֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְבִלְתִּי֩ הָבִ֨יא אוֹתָ֜ם אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֗תִּי זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ צְבִ֥י הִ֖יא לְכָל־הָאֲרָצֽוֹת",
"text": "And also *ʾănî* *nāśāʾtî* *yādî* to them in the *midbar*, to not *hābîʾ* them to the *ʾāreṣ* which *nātattî*, *zābat ḥālāb* and *dəbaš*, *ṣəbî* *hîʾ* to all the *ʾărāṣôt*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction, connective - and",
"*gam*": "adverb - also, moreover",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I lifted/raised",
"*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness",
"*ləbiltî*": "preposition + negative particle - to not, so as not to",
"*hābîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʾel-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I gave",
"*zābat*": "Qal participle feminine singular construct - flowing with",
"*ḥālāb*": "noun, masculine singular - milk",
"*û-dəbaš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and honey",
"*ṣəbî*": "noun, masculine singular - glory, beauty",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it (is)",
"*lə-kāl-hāʾărāṣôt*": "preposition + construct noun + definite article + noun, feminine plural - to all the lands"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾtî yādî*": "lifted my hand (idiom for swearing an oath)",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land",
"*zābat ḥālāb û-dəbaš*": "flowing with milk and honey (idiom for fertile land)",
"*ṣəbî*": "glory, beauty, ornament, gazelle"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.16",
"source": "יַ֜עַן בְּמִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֗סוּ וְאֶת־חֻקּוֹתַי֙ לֹא־הָלְכ֣וּ בָהֶ֔ם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ כִּ֛י אַחֲרֵ֥י גִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם לִבָּ֥ם הֹלֵֽךְ",
"text": "*yaʿan* in my *mišpāṭay* they *māʾāsû* and my *ḥuqqôtay* they not *hālĕkû* in them, and my *šabbĕtôtay* they *ḥillēlû*, because after their *gillûlêhem* their *libbām* *hōlēk*",
"grammar": {
"*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because, since",
"*bə-mišpāṭay*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my judgments/ordinances",
"*māʾāsû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they rejected/despised",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hālĕkû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*šabbĕtôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person plural - they profaned/desecrated",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because, for",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*gillûlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their idols",
"*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart",
"*hōlēk*": "Qal participle masculine singular - walking/going"
},
"variants": {
"*mišpāṭay*": "judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*māʾāsû*": "rejected, despised, refused",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws",
"*hālĕkû*": "walked, followed, lived according to",
"*šabbĕtôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days",
"*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated",
"*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.17",
"source": "וַתָּ֧חָס עֵינִ֛י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִֽשַּׁחֲתָ֑ם וְלֹֽא־עָשִׂ֧יתִי אוֹתָ֛ם כָּלָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר",
"text": "And *tāḥās* my *ʿênî* upon them from *šaḥătām* and not *ʿāśîtî* them *kālāh* in the *midbar*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so",
"*tāḥās*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it showed mercy/spared",
"*ʿênî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my eye",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*mi-šaḥătām*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from destroying them",
"*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*ʿāśîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I made/did",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*kālāh*": "noun, feminine singular - complete destruction",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*tāḥās ʿênî*": "my eye spared (idiom for showing mercy)",
"*mi-šaḥătām*": "from destroying them, from their destruction",
"*kālāh*": "complete destruction, annihilation, end",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.18",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֤ר אֶל־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּחוּקֵּ֤י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ אַל־תֵּלֵ֔כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּטַּמָּֽאוּ",
"text": "And *ʾōmar* to their *bənêhem* in the *midbar*, in the *ḥûqqê* of your *ʾăbôtêkem* not *tēlēkû*, and their *mišpəṭêhem* not *tišmōrû*, and with their *gillûlêhem* not *tiṭṭammāʾû*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so",
"*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I said",
"*ʾel-bənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their children/sons",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness",
"*bə-ḥûqqê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the statutes of",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not",
"*tēlēkû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall walk",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpəṭêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their judgments",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not",
"*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep/observe",
"*û-bə-gillûlêhem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and with their idols",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not",
"*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥûqqê*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws",
"*tēlēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to",
"*mišpəṭêhem*": "their judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*tišmōrû*": "keep, observe, guard",
"*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)",
"*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves, make yourselves unclean"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.19",
"source": "אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֖י לֵ֑כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֥י שִׁמְר֖וּ וַעֲשׂ֥וּ אוֹתָֽם",
"text": "*ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* *lēkû* and my *mišpāṭay* *šimrû* and *ʿăśû* them",
"grammar": {
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes",
"*lēkû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - walk!",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*šimrû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - keep/observe!",
"*wa-ʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and do!",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them"
},
"variants": {
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws",
"*lēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*šimrû*": "keep, observe, guard",
"*ʿăśû*": "do, perform, fulfill"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.20",
"source": "וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י קַדֵּ֑שׁוּ וְהָי֤וּ לְאוֹת֙ בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם לָדַ֕עַת כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "And my *šabbətôtay* *qaddēšû* and *hāyû* for *ʾôt* between me and between you, *lādaʿat* that *ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*šabbətôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*qaddēšû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - sanctify!, make holy!",
"*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural (with waw consecutive meaning) - and they shall be",
"*lə-ʾôt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a sign",
"*bênî*": "preposition, construct with 1st person singular suffix - between me",
"*û-bênêkem*": "conjunction + preposition, construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you",
"*lādaʿat*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to know",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*šabbətôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days",
"*qaddēšû*": "sanctify, consecrate, treat as holy",
"*ʾôt*": "sign, token, marker",
"*lādaʿat*": "to know, to recognize, to acknowledge",
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.21",
"source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֣י הַבָּנִ֗ים בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֣י לֹֽא־הָ֠לָכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֨י לֹא־שָׁמְר֜וּ לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת אוֹתָ֗ם אֲשֶׁר֩ יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אוֹתָ֤ם הָֽאָדָם֙ וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֔ם אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֧ךְ חֲמָתִ֣י עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לְכַלּ֥וֹת אַפִּ֛י בָּ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר",
"text": "And *yamrû* against me the *bānîm*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* not *hālākû* and my *mišpāṭay* not *šāmərû* *laʿăśôt* them, which *yaʿăśeh* them the *ʾādām* and *ḥay* in them, my *šabbətôtay* they *ḥillēlû*; and *ʾōmar* *lišpōk* my *ḥămātî* upon them, to *kallôt* my *ʾappî* against them in the *midbar*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yamrû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they rebelled",
"*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me",
"*ha-bānîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the sons/children",
"*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hālākû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they walked",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*šāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they kept/observed",
"*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will do",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*hā-ʾādām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/human",
"*wā-ḥay*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall live",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*ʾet-šabbətôtay*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they profaned",
"*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I said",
"*lišpōk*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to pour out",
"*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*lə-kallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to complete/finish",
"*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my anger",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*yamrû*": "rebelled, defied, disobeyed",
"*bānîm*": "sons, children, descendants",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws",
"*hālākû*": "walked, followed, lived according to",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*šāmərû*": "kept, observed, guarded",
"*laʿăśôt*": "to do, to perform, to fulfill",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "will do, will perform, will fulfill",
"*ḥay*": "live, be alive, have life",
"*šabbətôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days",
"*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated",
"*lišpōk*": "to pour out, to spill",
"*ḥămātî*": "my wrath, my fury, my heat",
"*kallôt*": "to complete, to finish, to end",
"*ʾappî*": "my anger, my nose (idiom for anger)",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.22",
"source": "וַהֲשִׁבֹ֙תִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔י וָאַ֖עַשׂ לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמִ֑י לְבִלְתִּ֤י הֵחֵל֙ לְעֵינֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הוֹצֵ֥אתִי אוֹתָ֖ם לְעֵינֵיהֶֽם",
"text": "And *hăšibōtî* my *yādî* and *ʾaʿaś* for the sake of my *šəmî*, to not *hēḥēl* before the eyes of the *gôyim* which *hôṣēʾtî* them before their eyes",
"grammar": {
"*wa-hăšibōtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I withdrew/turned back",
"*ʾet-yādî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*wā-ʾaʿaś*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I acted",
"*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for the sake of",
"*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my name",
"*ləbiltî*": "preposition + negative particle - to not, so as not to",
"*hēḥēl*": "Niphal infinitive construct - to be profaned",
"*lə-ʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - before the eyes of",
"*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the nations",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*hôṣēʾtî*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - I brought out",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*lə-ʿênêhem*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - before their eyes"
},
"variants": {
"*hăšibōtî ʾet-yādî*": "I withdrew my hand (idiom for restraining action)",
"*ʾaʿaś*": "acted, worked, did",
"*ləmaʿan šəmî*": "for the sake of my name, for my reputation",
"*hēḥēl*": "to be profaned, to be desecrated",
"*gôyim*": "nations, gentiles, peoples",
"*hôṣēʾtî*": "I brought out, I led out"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.23",
"source": "גַּם־אֲנִ֗י נָשָׂ֧אתִי אֶת־יָדִ֛י לָהֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְהָפִ֤יץ אֹתָם֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם וּלְזָר֥וֹת אוֹתָ֖ם בָּאֲרָצֽוֹת",
"text": "Also *ʾănî* *nāśāʾtî* my *yādî* to them in the *midbar*, *lĕhāpîṣ* them among the *gôyim* and *lĕzārôt* them in the *ʾărāṣôt*",
"grammar": {
"*gam*": "adverb - also, moreover",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I lifted/raised",
"*ʾet-yādî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness",
"*lĕhāpîṣ*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to scatter",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ba-gôyim*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the nations",
"*û-lĕzārôt*": "conjunction + preposition + Qal infinitive construct - and to disperse",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*bā-ʾărāṣôt*": "preposition with definite article + noun, feminine plural - in the lands"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾtî yādî*": "lifted my hand (idiom for swearing an oath)",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land",
"*lĕhāpîṣ*": "to scatter, to disperse",
"*gôyim*": "nations, gentiles, peoples",
"*lĕzārôt*": "to disperse, to winnow, to scatter",
"*ʾărāṣôt*": "lands, countries, territories"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.24",
"source": "יַ֜עַן מִשְׁפָּטַ֤י לֹֽא־עָשׂוּ֙ וְחֻקּוֹתַ֣י מָאָ֔סוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ וְאַחֲרֵי֙ גִּלּוּלֵ֣י אֲבוֹתָ֔ם הָי֖וּ עֵינֵיהֶֽם",
"text": "*yaʿan* my *mišpāṭay* not *ʿāśû* and my *ḥuqqôtay* they *māʾāsû* and my *šabbĕtôtay* they *ḥillēlû*, and after the *gillûlê* of their *ʾăbôtām* were their *ʿênêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because, since",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they did",
"*wə-ḥuqqôtay*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes",
"*māʾāsû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they rejected",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*šabbĕtôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they profaned",
"*wə-ʾaḥărê*": "conjunction + preposition - and after",
"*gillûlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of",
"*ʾăbôtām*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers",
"*hāyû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - were",
"*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their eyes"
},
"variants": {
"*yaʿan*": "because, since, on account of",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*ʿāśû*": "did, performed, fulfilled",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws",
"*māʾāsû*": "rejected, despised, refused",
"*šabbĕtôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days",
"*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated",
"*gillûlê*": "idols of, dung-gods of (derogatory term)",
"*ʾaḥărê gillûlê ʾăbôtām hāyû ʿênêhem*": "their eyes were after their fathers' idols (idiom for desiring/following idols)"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.25",
"source": "וְגַם־אֲנִי֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לָהֶ֔ם חֻקִּ֖ים לֹ֣א טוֹבִ֑ים וּמִ֨שְׁפָּטִ֔ים לֹ֥א יִֽחְי֖וּ בָּהֶֽם",
"text": "And also *ʾănî* *nātattî* to them *ḥuqqîm* not *ṭôbîm* and *mišpāṭîm* not *yiḥyû* in them",
"grammar": {
"*wə-gam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*nātattî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I gave",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*ḥuqqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - statutes",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ṭôbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - good",
"*û-mišpāṭîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and judgments",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yiḥyû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will live",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them"
},
"variants": {
"*nātattî*": "gave, placed, established",
"*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws",
"*ṭôbîm*": "good, beneficial, pleasant",
"*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*yiḥyû*": "they will live, they will survive"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.26",
"source": "וָאֲטַמֵּ֤א אוֹתָם֙ בְּמַתְּנוֹתָ֔ם בְּהַעֲבִ֖יר כָּל־פֶּ֣טֶר רָ֑חַם לְמַ֣עַן אֲשִׁמֵּ֔ם לְמַ֙עַן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵֽדְע֔וּ אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה",
"text": "And *ʾaṭammēʾ* them in their *mattənôtām*, in *haʿăbîr* all *peṭer rāḥam*, in order that I *ʾăšimmēm*, in order that they *yēdəʿû* that *ʾănî* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾaṭammēʾ*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 1st person singular - and I defiled/made unclean",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*bə-mattənôtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their gifts",
"*bə-haʿăbîr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - in causing to pass over",
"*kol-peṭer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all first opening of",
"*rāḥam*": "noun, masculine singular - womb",
"*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that",
"*ʾăšimmēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I would devastate them",
"*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that",
"*yēdəʿû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they would know",
"*ʾăšer*": "conjunction - that",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾaṭammēʾ*": "defiled, made unclean, rendered impure",
"*mattənôtām*": "their gifts, their offerings, their presents",
"*haʿăbîr*": "causing to pass over/through (often refers to child sacrifice)",
"*peṭer rāḥam*": "first opening of the womb, firstborn",
"*ʾăšimmēm*": "devastate them, make them desolate, horrify them",
"*yēdəʿû*": "know, recognize, acknowledge",
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.27",
"source": "לָכֵ֞ן דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶל־בֵּ֤ית יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בֶּן־אָדָ֔ם וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה ע֗וֹד זֹ֚את גִּדְּפ֤וּ אוֹתִי֙ אֲב֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֥ם בִּ֖י מָֽעַל",
"text": "Therefore *dabbēr* to the *bêt yiśrāʾēl* *ben-ʾādām*, and *ʾāmartā* to them, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: yet in this *giddĕpû* me your *ʾăbôtêkem*, in their *maʿălām* against me *māʿal*",
"grammar": {
"*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore, thus",
"*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - speak!",
"*ʾel-bêt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to the house of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ben-ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - son of man",
"*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus, so",
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - said",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix (used as divine title) - my Lord",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʿôd*": "adverb - yet, still, again",
"*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this",
"*giddĕpû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they blasphemed",
"*ʾôtî*": "direct object marker with 1st person singular suffix - me",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*bə-maʿălām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their acting treacherously",
"*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me",
"*māʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - treachery"
},
"variants": {
"*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man (addressing Ezekiel)",
"*ʾădōnāy YHWH*": "the Lord YHWH/LORD (divine title and name)",
"*giddĕpû*": "blasphemed, reviled, insulted",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "your fathers, your ancestors",
"*maʿălām bî māʿal*": "acting treacherously against me with treachery (emphatic construction)"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.28",
"source": "וָאֲבִיאֵם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָשָׂ֙אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔י לָתֵ֥ת אוֹתָ֖הּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיִּרְאוּ֩ כָל־גִּבְעָ֨ה רָמָ֜ה וְכָל־עֵ֣ץ עָבֹ֗ת וַיִּזְבְּחוּ־שָׁ֤ם אֶת־זִבְחֵיהֶם֙ וַיִּתְּנוּ־שָׁם֙ כַּ֣עַס קָרְבָּנָ֔ם וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ שָׁ֗ם רֵ֚יחַ נִיח֣וֹחֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּסִּ֥יכוּ שָׁ֖ם אֶת־נִסְכֵּיהֶֽם",
"text": "And *ʾăbîʾēm* to the *ʾāreṣ* which *nāśāʾtî* my *yādî* to give it to them, and they *yirʾû* every *gibʿāh rāmāh* and every *ʿēṣ ʿābōt* and they *yizbəḥû* there their *zibḥêhem* and they *yittənû* there the *kaʿas* of their *qorbānām* and they *yāśîmû* there the *rêaḥ* of their *nîḥôḥêhem* and they *yassîkû* there their *niskêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾăbîʾēm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I brought them",
"*ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the land",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*nāśāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I lifted/raised",
"*ʾet-yādî*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand",
"*lātēt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to give",
"*ʾôtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*wa-yirʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw",
"*kol-gibʿāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, feminine singular - every hill",
"*rāmāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - high",
"*wə-kol-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - and every tree",
"*ʿābōt*": "adjective, masculine singular - leafy, thick",
"*wa-yizbəḥû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they sacrificed",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʾet-zibḥêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sacrifices",
"*wa-yittənû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they gave",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*kaʿas*": "noun, masculine singular construct - provocation of",
"*qorbānām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their offering",
"*wa-yāśîmû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they placed",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*rêaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fragrance of",
"*nîḥôḥêhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soothing aroma",
"*wa-yassîkû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they poured out",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*ʾet-niskêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their drink offerings"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾăbîʾēm*": "I brought them, I led them",
"*nāśāʾtî yādî*": "lifted my hand (idiom for swearing an oath)",
"*gibʿāh rāmāh*": "high hill (often a place of pagan worship)",
"*ʿēṣ ʿābōt*": "leafy/thick tree (often associated with pagan worship)",
"*yizbəḥû*": "sacrificed, slaughtered ritually",
"*zibḥêhem*": "their sacrifices, their offerings",
"*kaʿas qorbānām*": "provocation of their offering (offerings that provoke anger)",
"*rêaḥ nîḥôḥêhem*": "fragrance of their soothing aroma (ritual term for acceptable sacrifice)",
"*yassîkû*": "poured out, offered libations",
"*niskêhem*": "their drink offerings, their libations"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.29",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם מָ֣ה הַבָּמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֥ם הַבָּאִ֖ים שָׁ֑ם וַיִּקָּרֵ֤א שְׁמָהּ֙ בָּמָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה",
"text": "And *ʾōmar* to them, what is the *bāmāh* which you *bāʾîm* there? And *yiqqārēʾ* its name *bāmāh* until this *yôm*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I said",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*māh*": "interrogative - what",
"*ha-bāmāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the high place",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*ha-bāʾîm*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones coming",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*wa-yiqqārēʾ*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and is called",
"*šəmāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its name",
"*bāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - high place",
"*ʿad*": "preposition - until",
"*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day",
"*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this"
},
"variants": {
"*bāmāh*": "high place, elevated place of worship",
"*bāʾîm*": "coming, entering, going",
"*yiqqārēʾ šəmāh*": "its name is called (passive construction)"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.30",
"source": "לָכֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֣ר ׀ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הַבְּדֶ֥רֶךְ אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם אַתֶּ֣ם נִטְמְאִ֑ים וְאַחֲרֵ֥י שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶ֖ם אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִֽים׃",
"text": "*lāḵēn* *ʾĕmōr* *ʾel*-*bêṯ* *yiśrāʾēl* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *habəḏereḵ* *ʾăḇôṯêḵem* *ʾattem* *niṭməʾîm* *wəʾaḥărê* *šiqqûṣêhem* *ʾattem* *zōnîm*",
"grammar": {
"*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus",
"*ʾĕmōr*": "imperative, masculine singular - say/speak",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*bêṯ*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*habəḏereḵ*": "interrogative + preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the way of?",
"*ʾăḇôṯêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you",
"*niṭməʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - being defiled/made unclean",
"*wəʾaḥărê*": "conjunction + preposition - and after",
"*šiqqûṣêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their detestable things",
"*zōnîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - prostituting/being unfaithful"
},
"variants": {
"*lāḵēn*": "therefore/consequently/for this reason",
"*ʾĕmōr*": "speak/tell/command",
"*bêṯ*": "house/household/dynasty/family",
"*niṭməʾîm*": "becoming unclean/being defiled/making yourselves impure",
"*šiqqûṣêhem*": "their abominations/detestable things/idols",
"*zōnîm*": "whoring/prostituting/being unfaithful [metaphorically]"
}
}
31 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.31",
"source": "וּבִשְׂאֵ֣ת מַתְּנֹֽתֵיכֶ֡ם בְּֽהַעֲבִיר֩ בְּנֵיכֶ֨ם בָּאֵ֜שׁ אַתֶּם֩ נִטְמְאִ֤֨ים לְכָל־גִּלּֽוּלֵיכֶם֙ עַד־הַיּ֔וֹם וַאֲנִ֛י אִדָּרֵ֥שׁ לָכֶ֖ם בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל חַי־אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אִם־אִדָּרֵ֖שׁ לָכֶֽם׃",
"text": "*ûḇiśʾēṯ* *mattənōṯêḵem* *bəhaʿăḇîr* *bənêḵem* *bāʾēš* *ʾattem* *niṭməʾîm* *ləḵol*-*gillûlêḵem* *ʿaḏ*-*hayyôm* *waʾănî* *ʾiddārēš* *lāḵem* *bêṯ* *yiśrāʾēl* *ḥay*-*ʾānî* *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾim*-*ʾiddārēš* *lāḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*ûḇiśʾēṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + infinitive construct - and in lifting up/offering",
"*mattənōṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your gifts/offerings",
"*bəhaʿăḇîr*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - in causing to pass over",
"*bənêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons",
"*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the fire",
"*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you",
"*niṭməʾîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - being defiled/made unclean",
"*ləḵol*": "preposition + noun - to all",
"*gillûlêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your idols",
"*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day",
"*waʾănî*": "conjunction + pronoun, 1st singular - and I",
"*ʾiddārēš*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - will be inquired of/sought",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for you",
"*bêṯ*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive",
"*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I",
"*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine singular - declaration of",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/Master",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name",
"*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if",
"*ʾiddārēš*": "niphal imperfect, 1st singular - will be inquired of/sought"
},
"variants": {
"*ûḇiśʾēṯ*": "and in offering/and when you offer/and by presenting",
"*mattənōṯêḵem*": "your gifts/your offerings/your presents",
"*bəhaʿăḇîr*": "by causing to pass through/by making pass through/by offering",
"*niṭməʾîm*": "becoming unclean/being defiled/making yourselves impure",
"*gillûlêḵem*": "your idols/your dung-gods/your filthy things",
"*ʾiddārēš*": "be inquired of/be consulted/be sought after",
"*ḥay*-*ʾānî*": "as I live/by my life/as surely as I live [oath formula]",
"*nəʾum*": "declaration of/utterance of/oracle of",
"*ʾim*-*ʾiddārēš*": "I will not be inquired of [negative oath]"
}
}
32 {
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.32",
"source": "וְהָֽעֹלָה֙ עַל־ר֣וּחֲכֶ֔ם הָי֖וֹ לֹ֣א תִֽהְיֶ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ אַתֶּ֣ם אֹמְרִ֗ים נִֽהְיֶ֤ה כַגּוֹיִם֙ כְּמִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת הָאֲרָצ֔וֹת לְשָׁרֵ֖ת עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃",
"text": "*wəhāʿōlâ* *ʿal*-*rûḥăḵem* *hāyô* *lōʾ* *ṯihyê* *ʾăšer* *ʾattem* *ʾōmərîm* *nihyê* *ḵaggôyim* *kəmišpəḥôṯ* *hāʾărāṣôṯ* *ləšārēṯ* *ʿēṣ* *wāʾāḇen*",
"grammar": {
"*wəhāʿōlâ*": "conjunction + definite article + participle, feminine singular - and that which comes up",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on",
"*rûḥăḵem*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your spirit/mind",
"*hāyô*": "infinitive absolute - being/happening",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ṯihyê*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which",
"*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying",
"*nihyê*": "qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will be",
"*ḵaggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - like the nations",
"*kəmišpəḥôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - like the families/clans of",
"*hāʾărāṣôṯ*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the lands/countries",
"*ləšārēṯ*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to serve/minister to",
"*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - wood/tree",
"*wāʾāḇen*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and stone"
},
"variants": {
"*wəhāʿōlâ*": "and what comes up/and what enters/and what arises",
"*rûḥăḵem*": "your spirit/your mind/your thoughts",
"*hāyô* *lōʾ* *ṯihyê*": "surely will not happen/definitely will not come to pass/absolutely will not be",
"*nihyê*": "let us be/we will become/we should be",
"*ḵaggôyim*": "like the nations/like the gentiles/like the heathen",
"*kəmišpəḥôṯ*": "like the families/like the clans/like the peoples",
"*ləšārēṯ*": "to serve/to worship/to minister to",
"*ʿēṣ* *wāʾāḇen*": "wood and stone [idiomatic for idols]"
}
}