Isaiah 46:3

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.46.3", "source": "שִׁמְע֤וּ אֵלַי֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְכָל־שְׁאֵרִ֖ית בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הַֽעֲמֻסִים֙ מִנִּי־בֶ֔טֶן הַנְּשֻׂאִ֖ים מִנִּי־רָֽחַם׃", "text": "*šimʿû* to-me *bêt Yaʿăqōb* wə-all-*šəʾērît bêt Yiśrāʾēl*, the-*ʿămûsîm* from-*beṭen*, the-*nəśûʾîm* from-*rāḥam*.", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "imperative, 2nd masculine plural - listen/hear", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - house of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*šəʾērît*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - remnant of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿămûsîm*": "passive participle, masculine, plural - carried/borne/loaded", "*beṭen*": "noun, feminine, singular - womb/belly", "*nəśûʾîm*": "passive participle, masculine, plural - carried/borne", "*rāḥam*": "noun, masculine, singular - womb" }, "variants": { "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/rest", "*ʿămûsîm*": "carried/borne/loaded/burdened", "*beṭen*": "womb/belly/abdomen", "*nəśûʾîm*": "carried/borne/lifted", "*rāḥam*": "womb/compassion" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שִׁמְע֤וּ אֵלַי֙ בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְכָל־שְׁאֵרִ֖ית בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הַֽעֲמֻסִים֙ מִנִּי־בֶ֔טֶן הַנְּשֻׂאִ֖ים מִנִּי־רָֽחַם׃

Transliteration

šimʿû to-me bêt Yaʿăqōb wə-all-šəʾērît bêt Yiśrāʾēl, the-ʿămûsîm from-beṭen, the-nəśûʾîm from-rāḥam.

Grammar Details

• *šimʿû*: imperative, 2nd masculine plural - listen/hear
• *bêt*: construct noun, masculine, singular - house of
• *Yaʿăqōb*: proper noun - Jacob
• *šəʾērît*: noun, feminine, singular, construct - remnant of
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *ʿămûsîm*: passive participle, masculine, plural - carried/borne/loaded
• *beṭen*: noun, feminine, singular - womb/belly
• *nəśûʾîm*: passive participle, masculine, plural - carried/borne
• *rāḥam*: noun, masculine, singular - womb

Word Meanings

• *šimʿû*: hear/listen/obey
• *šəʾērît*: remnant/remainder/rest
• *ʿămûsîm*: carried/borne/loaded/burdened
• *beṭen*: womb/belly/abdomen
• *nəśûʾîm*: carried/borne/lifted
• *rāḥam*: womb/compassion

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Listen to Me, house of Jacob, all the remnant of the house of Israel, you who have been carried by Me from the womb, lifted up from birth.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, which are borne by me from the belly, which are carried from the womb:

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Listen to me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, who have been carried by me from birth, who are carried from the womb:

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, which are borne by me from the belly, which are carried from the womb:

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, that have been borne [by me] from their birth, that have been carried from the womb;

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, which are borne by me from the belly, which are carried from the womb:

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Herken vnto me, o house of Iacob, and all ye that remayne yet of the housholde of Israel: whom I haue borne from youre mothers wombe, and brought you vp from yor byrth, till ye were growen:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Heare ye me, O house of Iaakob, & all that remaine of the house of Israel, which are borne of me from the wombe, and brought vp of me from the birth.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Hearken vnto me O house Iacob, and all ye that remaine yet of the house of Israel, whom I haue borne from your mothers wombe, and brought you vp from your byrth.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, which are borne [by me] from the belly, which are carried from the womb:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Listen to me, house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, that have been borne [by me] from their birth, that have been carried from the womb;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Hearken unto Me, O house of Jacob, And all the remnant of Israel, Who are borne from the belly, Who are carried from the womb,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, that have been borne `by me' from their birth, that have been carried from the womb;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Hearken unto me, O house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, that have been borne [by me] from their birth, that have been carried from the womb;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Give ear to me, O family of Jacob, and all the rest of the people of Israel, who have been supported by me from their birth, and have been my care from their earliest days:

• World English Bible (2000)

  "Listen to me, house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, that have been borne [by me] from their birth, that have been carried from the womb;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “Listen to me, O family of Jacob, all you who are left from the family of Israel, you who have been carried from birth, you who have been supported from the time you left the womb.

Referenced Verses

• Deut 1:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.31", "source": "וּבַמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נְשָׂאֲךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשָּׂא־אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֑וֹ בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֲלַכְתֶּ֔ם עַד־בֹּאֲכֶ֖ם עַד־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "And-in-the-*midbār* which *rāʾîtā*, which *nəśāʾăkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*, as-which *yiśśā*-*ʾîš* *ʾet*-*bənô*, in-all-the-*derek* which *hălaktem* until-*bōʾăkem* until-the-*māqôm* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the wilderness'", "*rāʾîtā*": "2nd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'", "*nəśāʾăkā*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *nś'* with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'carried you'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*yiśśā*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *nś'* - 'carry'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'", "*bənô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his son'", "*derek*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the way'", "*hălaktem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *hlk* - 'walk/go'", "*bōʾăkem*": "qal infinitive construct of *bw'* with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your coming'", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the place'", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - 'this'" }, "variants": { "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*rāʾîtā*": "you saw/observed/experienced", "*nəśāʾăkā*": "carried you/bore you/supported you", "*yiśśā*": "carries/bears/lifts", "*derek*": "way/path/journey/road", "*hălaktem*": "you walked/went/traveled", "*bōʾăkem*": "your coming/arrival", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site" } }
• Ps 71:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.71.6", "source": "עָלֶ֤יךָ ׀ נִסְמַ֬כְתִּי מִבֶּ֗טֶן מִמְּעֵ֣י אִ֭מִּי אַתָּ֣ה גוֹזִ֑י בְּךָ֖ תְהִלָּתִ֣י תָמִֽיד׃", "text": "Upon *ʿālêkā* *nismaktî* from *beṭen* from *məʿê* *ʾimmî* *ʾattāh* *gôzî* in *bəkā* *təhillātî* *tāmîd*", "grammar": { "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'upon you'", "*nismaktî*": "niphal perfect, 1st person singular - 'I have been supported'", "*beṭen*": "noun, feminine singular - 'womb'", "*məʿê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'bowels of'", "*ʾimmî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my mother'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*gôzî*": "qal participle with 1st person singular suffix - 'my cutter/deliverer'", "*bəkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'in you'", "*təhillātî*": "noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my praise'", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - 'continually/always'" }, "variants": { "*nismaktî*": "I have been supported/I have leaned/I have relied", "*beṭen*": "womb/belly/abdomen", "*məʿê*": "bowels/inward parts/womb", "*gôzî*": "my deliverer/my cutter/one who brought me forth", "*təhillātî*": "my praise/my song of praise/my object of praise", "*tāmîd*": "continually/always/regularly" } }
• Isa 10:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.22", "source": "כִּי אִם־יִהְיֶה עַמְּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּחוֹל הַיָּם שְׁאָר יָשׁוּב בּוֹ כִּלָּיוֹן חָרוּץ שׁוֹטֵף צְדָקָה", "text": "*kî* *ʾim*-*yihyeh* *ʿammeḵā* *yiśrāʾēl* *keḥôl* *hayyām* *šeʾār* *yāšûb* *bô* *killāyôn* *ḥārûṣ* *šôṭēp̄* *ṣedāqāh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/though", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/though", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*ʿammeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*keḥôl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like sand of", "*hayyām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*šeʾār*": "noun, masculine singular - remnant", "*yāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will return", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it/among them", "*killāyôn*": "noun, masculine singular - destruction/annihilation", "*ḥārûṣ*": "adjective, masculine singular - determined/decreed", "*šôṭēp̄*": "qal participle, masculine singular - overflowing", "*ṣedāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*ḥôl*": "sand/grains of sand", "*šeʾār* *yāšûb*": "a remnant will return/Shear-jashub (proper name)", "*killāyôn*": "destruction/consumption/annihilation", "*ḥārûṣ*": "determined/decreed/sharp/decisive", "*šāṭap̄*": "overflowing/flooding/sweeping away", "*ṣedāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/righteous acts" } }
• Isa 1:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.9", "source": "לוּלֵי֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הוֹתִ֥יר לָ֛נוּ שָׂרִ֖יד כִּמְעָ֑ט כִּסְדֹ֣ם הָיִ֔ינוּ לַעֲמֹרָ֖ה דָּמִֽינוּ׃ ס", "text": "*lûlê* *YHWH* *ṣᵉbāʾôt* *hôtîr* *lānû* *śārîd* *kim'āṭ* *kisᵉdōm* *hāyînû* *la'ămōrâ* *dāmînû*", "grammar": { "*lûlê*": "conjunction - unless/if not for", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*hôtîr*": "verb, hifil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - had left", "*lānû*": "preposition lᵉ- + 1st person plural suffix - for us", "*śārîd*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "*kim'āṭ*": "preposition kᵉ- + adverb - as few/almost", "*kisᵉdōm*": "preposition kᵉ- + proper noun - like Sodom", "*hāyînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we would have been", "*la'ămōrâ*": "preposition lᵉ- + proper noun - to Gomorrah", "*dāmînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we would have been like" }, "variants": { "*lûlê*": "unless/if not for/except", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hôtîr*": "left/spared/preserved", "*śārîd*": "survivor/remnant/escapee", "*kim'āṭ*": "as few/almost/a little", "*hāyînû*": "we would have been/we had become", "*dāmînû*": "we would have been like/we would have resembled" } }
• Ezek 16:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.6", "source": "וָאֶעֱבֹ֤ר עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ וָֽאֶרְאֵ֔ךְ מִתְבּוֹסֶ֖סֶת בְּדָמָ֑יִךְ וָאֹ֤מַר לָךְ֙ בְּדָמַ֣יִךְ חֲיִ֔י וָאֹ֥מַר לָ֖ךְ בְּדָמַ֥יִךְ חֲיִֽי׃", "text": "*wā-ʾeʿĕḇōr* *ʿālayiḵ* *wā-ʾerʾēḵ* *mitbôseset* *bə-dāmāyiḵ* *wā-ʾōmar* *lāḵ* *bə-dāmayiḵ* *ḥăyî* *wā-ʾōmar* *lāḵ* *bə-dāmayiḵ* *ḥăyî*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾeʿĕḇōr*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I passed", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - over you", "*wā-ʾerʾēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I saw you", "*mitbôseset*": "hithpolel participle, feminine singular - wallowing/weltering", "*bə-dāmāyiḵ*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your bloods", "*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*bə-dāmayiḵ*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your bloods", "*ḥăyî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - live" }, "variants": { "*ʾeʿĕḇōr*": "I passed by/over/through", "*mitbôseset*": "wallowing/weltering/kicking about", "*dāmāyiḵ*": "your bloods (plural form possibly indicating abundance)" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.7", "source": "רְבָבָ֗ה כְּצֶ֤מַח הַשָּׂדֶה֙ נְתַתִּ֔יךְ וַתִּרְבִּי֙ וַֽתִּגְדְּלִ֔י וַתָּבֹ֖אִי בַּעֲדִ֣י עֲדָיִ֑ים שָׁדַ֤יִם נָכֹ֙נוּ֙ וּשְׂעָרֵ֣ךְ צִמֵּ֔חַ וְאַ֖תְּ עֵרֹ֥ם וְעֶרְיָֽה׃", "text": "*rəḇāḇâ* *kə-ṣemaḥ* *ha-śśādeh* *nətattîḵ* *wa-tirbî* *wa-tigdəlî* *wa-tāḇōʾî* *ba-ʿădî* *ʿădāyîm* *šādayim* *nāḵōnû* *û-śəʿārēḵ* *ṣimmēaḥ* *wə-ʾatt* *ʿērōm* *wə-ʿeryâ*", "grammar": { "*rəḇāḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - myriad/ten thousand", "*kə-ṣemaḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - like sprout of", "*ha-śśādeh*": "article + masculine singular noun - the field", "*nətattîḵ*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - I made you", "*wa-tirbî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you increased", "*wa-tigdəlî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you grew", "*wa-tāḇōʾî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you came", "*ba-ʿădî*": "preposition + construct state - with ornament of", "*ʿădāyîm*": "masculine plural noun - ornaments", "*šādayim*": "masculine dual noun - breasts", "*nāḵōnû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd plural - were established", "*û-śəʿārēḵ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your hair", "*ṣimmēaḥ*": "piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - grew abundantly", "*wə-ʾatt*": "conjunction + 2nd feminine singular pronoun - and you", "*ʿērōm*": "masculine singular adjective - naked", "*wə-ʿeryâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular adjective - and bare" }, "variants": { "*rəḇāḇâ*": "ten thousand/myriad/abundance", "*ṣemaḥ*": "sprout/growth/plant", "*nāḵōnû*": "were established/formed/prepared", "*ṣimmēaḥ*": "grew abundantly/sprouted/flourished" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.8", "source": "וָאֶעֱבֹ֨ר עָלַ֜יִךְ וָאֶרְאֵ֗ךְ וְהִנֵּ֤ה עִתֵּךְ֙ עֵ֣ת דֹּדִ֔ים וָאֶפְרֹ֤שׂ כְּנָפִי֙ עָלַ֔יִךְ וָאֲכַסֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתֵ֑ךְ וָאֶשָּׁ֣בַֽע לָ֠ךְ וָאָב֨וֹא בִבְרִ֜ית אֹתָ֗ךְ נְאֻ֛ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה וַתִּ֥הְיִי לִֽי׃", "text": "*wā-ʾeʿĕḇōr* *ʿālayiḵ* *wā-ʾerʾēḵ* *wə-hinnēh* *ʿittēḵ* *ʿēt* *dōdîm* *wā-ʾeprōś* *kənāpî* *ʿālayiḵ* *wā-ʾăḵasseh* *ʿerwātēḵ* *wā-ʾeššāḇaʿ* *lāḵ* *wā-ʾāḇôʾ* *ḇi-ḇrît* *ʾōtāḵ* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *wa-tihyî* *lî*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾeʿĕḇōr*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I passed", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - over you", "*wā-ʾerʾēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I saw you", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ʿittēḵ*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your time", "*ʿēt*": "construct state - time of", "*dōdîm*": "masculine plural noun - loves", "*wā-ʾeprōś*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I spread", "*kənāpî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - my wing/corner (of garment)", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - over you", "*wā-ʾăḵasseh*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 1st singular - and I covered", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nakedness", "*wā-ʾeššāḇaʿ*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect, 1st singular - and I swore", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*wā-ʾāḇôʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I entered", "*ḇi-ḇrît*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in covenant", "*ʾōtāḵ*": "with you (accusative)", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*wa-tihyî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you became", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to/for me" }, "variants": { "*dōdîm*": "loves/love-making/time of love", "*kənāpî*": "my wing/corner of my garment (idiom for protection)", "*ʿerwātēḵ*": "your nakedness/genitals/shame", "*ḇrît*": "covenant/agreement/pact" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.9", "source": "וָאֶרְחָצֵ֣ךְ בַּמַּ֔יִם וָאֶשְׁטֹ֥ף דָּמַ֖יִךְ מֵֽעָלָ֑יִךְ וָאֲסֻכֵ֖ךְ בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃", "text": "*wā-ʾerḥāṣēḵ* *ba-mmayim* *wā-ʾešṭōp* *dāmayiḵ* *mē-ʿālāyiḵ* *wā-ʾăsuḵēḵ* *ba-ššāmen*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾerḥāṣēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I washed you", "*ba-mmayim*": "preposition + article + masculine plural noun - with the water", "*wā-ʾešṭōp*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I rinsed", "*dāmayiḵ*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your bloods", "*mē-ʿālāyiḵ*": "preposition + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from upon you", "*wā-ʾăsuḵēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I anointed you", "*ba-ššāmen*": "preposition + article + masculine singular noun - with the oil" }, "variants": { "*ʾerḥāṣēḵ*": "I washed you/bathed you", "*ʾešṭōp*": "I rinsed/washed away/cleansed", "*ʾăsuḵēḵ*": "I anointed you/rubbed you with oil" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.10", "source": "וָאַלְבִּישֵׁ֣ךְ רִקְמָ֔ה וָאֶנְעֲלֵ֖ךְ תָּ֑חַשׁ וָאֶחְבְּשֵׁ֣ךְ בַּשֵּׁ֔שׁ וַאֲכַסֵּ֖ךְ מֶֽשִׁי׃", "text": "*wā-ʾalbîšēḵ* *riqmâ* *wā-ʾenʿălēḵ* *tāḥaš* *wā-ʾeḥbəšēḵ* *ba-ššēš* *wa-ʾăḵassēḵ* *mešî*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾalbîšēḵ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I clothed you", "*riqmâ*": "feminine singular noun - embroidery", "*wā-ʾenʿălēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I shod you", "*tāḥaš*": "masculine singular noun - fine leather/porpoise skin", "*wā-ʾeḥbəšēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I wrapped you", "*ba-ššēš*": "preposition + article + masculine singular noun - with the fine linen", "*wa-ʾăḵassēḵ*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I covered you", "*mešî*": "masculine singular noun - silk" }, "variants": { "*riqmâ*": "embroidery/multicolored garment", "*tāḥaš*": "fine leather/porpoise skin/badger skin/dolphin skin", "*šēš*": "fine linen/byssus", "*mešî*": "silk/fine fabric" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.11", "source": "וָאֶעְדֵּ֖ךְ עֶ֑דִי וָאֶתְּנָ֤ה צְמִידִים֙ עַל־יָדַ֔יִךְ וְרָבִ֖יד עַל־גְּרוֹנֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*wā-ʾeʿdēḵ* *ʿedî* *wā-ʾettenâ* *ṣəmîdîm* *ʿal*-*yādayiḵ* *wə-rāḇîd* *ʿal*-*gərônēḵ*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾeʿdēḵ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I adorned you", "*ʿedî*": "masculine singular noun - ornament", "*wā-ʾettenâ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - and I put", "*ṣəmîdîm*": "masculine plural noun - bracelets", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*yādayiḵ*": "feminine dual noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your hands", "*wə-rāḇîd*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and chain/necklace", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*gərônēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your neck/throat" }, "variants": { "*ʿedî*": "ornament/jewelry/adornment", "*ṣəmîdîm*": "bracelets/armlets", "*rāḇîd*": "chain/necklace/collar" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.12", "source": "וָאֶתֵּ֥ן נֶ֙זֶם֙ עַל־אַפֵּ֔ךְ וַעֲגִילִ֖ים עַל־אָזְנָ֑יִךְ וַעֲטֶ֥רֶת תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת בְּרֹאשֵֽׁךְ׃", "text": "*wā-ʾettēn* *nezem* *ʿal*-*ʾappēḵ* *wa-ʿăgîlîm* *ʿal*-*ʾoznāyiḵ* *wa-ʿăṭeret* *tipʾeret* *bə-rōʾšēḵ*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾettēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I gave/put", "*nezem*": "masculine singular noun - ring/nose-ring", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*ʾappēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nose", "*wa-ʿăgîlîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and earrings", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*ʾoznāyiḵ*": "feminine dual noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your ears", "*wa-ʿăṭeret*": "conjunction + feminine singular construct - and crown of", "*tipʾeret*": "feminine singular noun - beauty/glory", "*bə-rōʾšēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - on your head" }, "variants": { "*nezem*": "ring/nose-ring/jewel", "*ʿăgîlîm*": "earrings/rings", "*ʿăṭeret*": "crown/diadem", "*tipʾeret*": "beauty/glory/splendor" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.13", "source": "וַתַּעְדִּ֞י זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֗סֶף וּמַלְבּוּשֵׁךְ֙ שֵׁ֤שׁ וָמֶ֙שִׁי֙ וְרִקְמָ֔ה סֹ֧לֶת וּדְבַ֛שׁ וָשֶׁ֖מֶן אָכָ֑לְתְּ וַתִּ֙יפִי֙ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֔ד וַֽתִּצְלְחִ֖י לִמְלוּכָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-taʿdî* *zāhāḇ* *wā-ḵesep* *û-malbûšēḵ* *šēš* *wā-mešî* *wə-riqmâ* *sōlet* *û-dəḇaš* *wā-šemen* *ʾāḵālt* *wa-tîpî* *bi-məʾōd* *məʾōd* *wa-tiṣləḥî* *li-mlûḵâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-taʿdî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you adorned yourself", "*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*wā-ḵesep*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and silver", "*û-malbûšēḵ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your clothing", "*šēš*": "masculine singular noun - fine linen", "*wā-mešî*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and silk", "*wə-riqmâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and embroidery", "*sōlet*": "feminine singular noun - fine flour", "*û-dəḇaš*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and honey", "*wā-šemen*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and oil", "*ʾāḵālt*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you ate", "*wa-tîpî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you became beautiful", "*bi-məʾōd*": "preposition + adverb - in very", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*wa-tiṣləḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you prospered", "*li-mlûḵâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - to/for kingdom/royalty" }, "variants": { "*taʿdî*": "you adorned yourself/decorated yourself", "*malbûšēḵ*": "your clothing/garment/apparel", "*sōlet*": "fine flour/choice wheat", "*tîpî*": "you became beautiful/fair/lovely", "*tiṣləḥî*": "you prospered/succeeded/advanced", "*mlûḵâ*": "kingdom/royalty/sovereignty" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.14", "source": "וַיֵּ֨צֵא לָ֥ךְ שֵׁ֛ם בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם בְּיָפְיֵ֑ךְ כִּ֣י ׀ כָּלִ֣יל ה֗וּא בַּֽהֲדָרִי֙ אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֣מְתִּי עָלַ֔יִךְ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yēṣēʾ* *lāḵ* *šēm* *ba-ggôyim* *bə-yāpyēḵ* *kî* *kālîl* *hûʾ* *ba-hădārî* *ʾăšer*-*śamtî* *ʿālayiḵ* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wa-yēṣēʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it went out", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for you", "*šēm*": "masculine singular noun - name/reputation", "*ba-ggôyim*": "preposition + article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*bə-yāpyēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for your beauty", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kālîl*": "masculine singular adjective - perfect/complete", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - it", "*ba-hădārî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 1st singular suffix - in my splendor", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*śamtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I placed", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - on you", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*šēm*": "name/reputation/fame", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*kālîl*": "perfect/complete/entire", "*hădārî*": "my splendor/majesty/glory" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.15", "source": "וַתִּבְטְחִ֣י בְיָפְיֵ֔ךְ וַתִּזְנִ֖י עַל־שְׁמֵ֑ךְ וַתִּשְׁפְּכִ֧י אֶת־תַּזְנוּתַ֛יִךְ עַל־כָּל־עוֹבֵ֖ר לוֹ־יֶֽהִי׃", "text": "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî* *ḇə-yāpyēḵ* *wa-tiznî* *ʿal*-*šəmēḵ* *wa-tiššəpəḵî* *ʾet*-*taznûtayiḵ* *ʿal*-*kāl*-*ʿôḇēr* *lô*-*yehî*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiḇṭəḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you trusted", "*ḇə-yāpyēḵ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your beauty", "*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/because of", "*šəmēḵ*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your name/fame", "*wa-tiššəpəḵî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you poured out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*taznûtayiḵ*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your harlotries", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*kāl*": "masculine singular construct - every", "*ʿôḇēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - passer-by", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*yehî*": "qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - may it be/let it be" }, "variants": { "*tiḇṭəḥî*": "you trusted/relied upon/were confident in", "*tiznî*": "you played the harlot/were unfaithful/prostituted yourself", "*tiššəpəḵî*": "you poured out/lavished/bestowed", "*taznûtayiḵ*": "your harlotries/prostitutions/infidelities", "*ʿôḇēr*": "passer-by/one who passes", "*lô*-*yehî*": "to him it might be/his for the taking (unclear idiomatic expression)" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.16.16", "source": "וַתִּקְחִ֣י מִבְּגָדַ֗יִךְ וַתַּֽעֲשִׂי־לָךְ֙ בָּמ֣וֹת טְלֻא֔וֹת וַתִּזְנִ֖י עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם לֹ֥א בָא֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א יִהְיֶֽה׃", "text": "*wa-tiqḥî* *mi-bbəgādayiḵ* *wa-taʿăśî*-*lāḵ* *bāmôt* *ṭəluʾôt* *wa-tiznî* *ʿălêhem* *lōʾ* *ḇāʾôt* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiqḥî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you took", "*mi-bbəgādayiḵ*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - from your garments", "*wa-taʿăśî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you made", "*lāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - for yourself", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - high places", "*ṭəluʾôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - many-colored/patched", "*wa-tiznî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you played the harlot", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - on them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ḇāʾôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - coming", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/shrines/platforms", "*ṭəluʾôt*": "many-colored/patched/diverse", "*lōʾ* *ḇāʾôt* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh*": "not coming and not being/such things should not come and should not be/unprecedented and should not happen (difficult idiom)" } }
• Ps 22:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.22.9", "source": "גֹּ֣ל אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה יְפַלְּטֵ֑הוּ יַ֝צִּילֵ֗הוּ כִּ֘י חָ֥פֵֽץ בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*gōl* to-*YHWH* *yəpallṭēhû yaṣṣîlēhû* for *ḥāpēṣ* in-him", "grammar": { "*gōl*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - 'roll/commit'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*yəpallṭēhû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular object suffix - 'let him deliver him'", "*yaṣṣîlēhû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular object suffix - 'let him rescue him'", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he delights'" }, "variants": { "*gōl*": "roll/commit/trust", "*yəpallṭēhû*": "let him deliver/rescue/save him", "*yaṣṣîlēhû*": "let him rescue/deliver/save him", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "he delights in/favors/is pleased with" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.22.10", "source": "כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה גֹחִ֣י מִבָּ֑טֶן מַ֝בְטִיחִ֗י עַל־שְׁדֵ֥י אִמִּֽי׃", "text": "For-*ʾattâ* *gōḥî* from-*bāṭen* *mabṭîḥî* upon-*šədê ʾimmî*", "grammar": { "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - 'you'", "*gōḥî*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'my drawer out'", "*bāṭen*": "noun, feminine singular - 'womb/belly'", "*mabṭîḥî*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular with 1st person suffix - 'my securer/trust-maker'", "*šədê*": "noun, masculine dual construct - 'breasts of'", "*ʾimmî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my mother'" }, "variants": { "*gōḥî*": "my drawer out/one who brought me forth", "*bāṭen*": "womb/belly/body", "*mabṭîḥî*": "my trust-maker/securer/one who made me trust" } }
• Exod 19:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.4", "source": "אַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי לְמִצְרָ֑יִם וָאֶשָּׂ֤א אֶתְכֶם֙ עַל־כַּנְפֵ֣י נְשָׁרִ֔ים וָאָבִ֥א אֶתְכֶ֖ם אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "*ʾattem* *rəʾîtem* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśîtî* to *miṣrāyim* *wā-ʾeśśāʾ* *ʾetkem* on *kanpê* *nəšārîm* *wā-ʾābîʾ* *ʾetkem* to me.", "grammar": { "*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*rəʾîtem*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have seen", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʿāśîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st singular - I did/I have done", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt/Egyptians", "*wā-ʾeśśāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I carried/bore", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you", "*kanpê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - wings of", "*nəšārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - eagles/vultures", "*wā-ʾābîʾ*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I brought", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you" }, "variants": { "*nəšārîm*": "eagles/vultures/large birds of prey", "*wā-ʾeśśāʾ*": "and I carried/and I bore/and I lifted" } }
• Ps 81:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.8", "source": "בַּצָּרָ֥ה קָרָ֗אתָ וָאֲחַ֫לְּצֶ֥ךָּ אֶ֭עֶנְךָ בְּסֵ֣תֶר רַ֑עַם אֶבְחָֽנְךָ֨ עַל־מֵ֖י מְרִיבָ֣ה סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "In the *ṣārâ* *qārāʾtā* and *wāʾăḥalleṣeḵā*; *ʾeʿenḵā* in *sēter* *raʿam*; *ʾebḥānḵā* upon *mê* *mərîbâ* *selâ*", "grammar": { "*ṣārâ*": "feminine singular noun with prefixed preposition bet - 'in trouble/distress'", "*qārāʾtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you called'", "*wāʾăḥalleṣeḵā*": "piel imperfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - 'and I delivered you'", "*ʾeʿenḵā*": "qal imperfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'I will answer you'", "*sēter*": "masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition bet - 'in the hiding place of'", "*raʿam*": "masculine singular noun - 'thunder'", "*ʾebḥānḵā*": "qal imperfect 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'I tested you'", "*mê*": "masculine plural construct - 'waters of'", "*mərîbâ*": "proper name/feminine singular noun - 'Meribah/strife'", "*selâ*": "musical notation/pause - 'selah'" }, "variants": { "*ṣārâ*": "trouble/distress/adversity/affliction", "*qārāʾtā*": "you called/you cried out", "*wāʾăḥalleṣeḵā*": "and I delivered you/I rescued you/I freed you", "*ʾeʿenḵā*": "I answered you/I responded to you", "*sēter*": "hiding place/secret place/covering", "*raʿam*": "thunder/thundering sound", "*ʾebḥānḵā*": "I tested you/I proved you/I examined you", "*mərîbâ*": "Meribah/strife/contention/dispute", "*selâ*": "musical pause/interlude/lift up (meaning uncertain)" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.9", "source": "שְׁמַ֣ע עַ֭מִּי וְאָעִ֣ידָה בָּ֑ךְ יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל אִם־תִּֽשְׁמַֽע־לִֽי׃", "text": "*šəmaʿ* my *ʿammî* and *wəʾāʿîdâ* against you, *yiśrāʾēl* if-*tišmaʿ*-to me", "grammar": { "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - 'hear/listen'", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*wəʾāʿîdâ*": "hiphil cohortative 1st singular with prefixed conjunction waw - 'and let me testify/warn'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*tišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular with conditional particle 'im - 'if you would listen'" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*wəʾāʿîdâ*": "and I will testify/I will warn/I will admonish", "*tišmaʿ*": "you would listen/you would hear/you would obey" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.10", "source": "לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה בְ֭ךָ אֵ֣ל זָ֑ר וְלֹ֥א תִ֝שְׁתַּחֲוֶ֗ה לְאֵ֣ל נֵכָֽר׃", "text": "Not-*yihyeh* in you *ʾēl* *zār* and not *tištaḥăweh* to *ʾēl* *nēḵār*", "grammar": { "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with negation - 'there shall not be'", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - 'god/deity'", "*zār*": "masculine singular adjective - 'strange/foreign'", "*tištaḥăweh*": "hishtaphel imperfect 2nd masculine singular with negation - 'you shall not bow down'", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition lamed - 'to a god/deity'", "*nēḵār*": "masculine singular adjective - 'foreign/alien'" }, "variants": { "*yihyeh*": "there will be/shall be/exist", "*ʾēl*": "god/deity/divine being/mighty one", "*zār*": "strange/foreign/unauthorized/alien", "*tištaḥăweh*": "you will bow down/worship/prostrate yourself", "*nēḵār*": "foreign/alien/strange" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.11", "source": "אָנֹכִ֨י ׀ יְה֘וָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ הַֽ֭מַּעַלְךָ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם הַרְחֶב־פִּ֝֗יךָ וַאֲמַּלְאֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*ʾānōḵî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōheḵā* the *hammaʿalḵā* from *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim*; *harḥeb*-your *pîḵā* and *waʾămallēʾēhû*", "grammar": { "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - 'I'", "*YHWH*": "divine name - 'LORD'", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*hammaʿalḵā*": "hiphil participle with 2nd masculine singular suffix and definite article - 'who brought you up'", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - 'land of'", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper name with prefixed preposition min - 'from Egypt'", "*harḥeb*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular - 'open wide'", "*pîḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your mouth'", "*waʾămallēʾēhû*": "piel imperfect 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - 'and I will fill it'" }, "variants": { "*ʾānōḵî*": "I/I am (emphatic form)", "*YHWH*": "LORD/Yahweh (divine name)", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "your God (plural form for singular deity)", "*hammaʿalḵā*": "who brought you up/who raised you/who caused you to ascend", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*harḥeb*": "open wide/enlarge/make wide", "*pîḵā*": "your mouth/your speech", "*waʾămallēʾēhû*": "and I will fill it/I will satisfy it/I will fulfill it" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.12", "source": "וְלֹא־שָׁמַ֣ע עַמִּ֣י לְקוֹלִ֑י וְ֝יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֹא־אָ֥בָה לִֽי׃", "text": "And not-*šāmaʿ* my *ʿammî* to my *qôlî* and *wəyiśrāʾēl* not-*ʾābâ* to me", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with negation and prefixed conjunction waw - 'and did not listen'", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*qôlî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition lamed - 'to my voice'", "*wəyiśrāʾēl*": "proper name with prefixed conjunction waw - 'and Israel'", "*ʾābâ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with negation - 'was not willing'" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿ*": "listened/heard/obeyed", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*qôlî*": "my voice/my sound/my call", "*ʾābâ*": "was willing/consented/desired" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.13", "source": "וָֽ֭אֲשַׁלְּחֵהוּ בִּשְׁרִיר֣וּת לִבָּ֑ם יֵ֝לְכ֗וּ בְּֽמוֹעֲצוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wāʾăšalləḥēhû* in *šərîrût* their *libbām*; *yēləḵû* in their *bəmôʿăṣôtêhem*", "grammar": { "*wāʾăšalləḥēhû*": "piel imperfect 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - 'and I let him go/sent him away'", "*šərîrût*": "feminine singular construct - 'stubbornness of'", "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their heart'", "*yēləḵû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they walked'", "*bəmôʿăṣôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition bet - 'in their counsels'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾăšalləḥēhû*": "and I let him go/I sent him away/I gave him over", "*šərîrût*": "stubbornness/hardness/imagination", "*libbām*": "their heart/their mind/their inner being", "*yēləḵû*": "they walked/they went/they followed", "*bəmôʿăṣôtêhem*": "in their counsels/in their devices/in their plans" } }
• Isa 11:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.11.11", "source": "וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יוֹסִ֨יף אֲדֹנָ֤י ׀ שֵׁנִית֙ יָד֔וֹ לִקְנ֖וֹת אֶת־שְׁאָ֣ר עַמּ֑וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִשָּׁאֵר֩ מֵאַשּׁ֨וּר וּמִמִּצְרַ֜יִם וּמִפַּתְר֣וֹס וּמִכּ֗וּשׁ וּמֵעֵילָ֤ם וּמִשִּׁנְעָר֙ וּמֵ֣חֲמָ֔ת וּמֵאִיֵּ֖י הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh bayyôm hahû' yôsîp 'ădōnāy šēnît yādô liqnôt 'et-šə'ār 'ammô 'ăšer yiššā'ēr mē'aššûr ûmimmiṣrayim ûmippatrôs ûmikkûš ûmē'êlām ûmiššin'ār ûmēḥămāt ûmē'iyyēy hayyām*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*bayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the day", "*hahû'*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - that", "*yôsîp*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will add/continue", "*'ădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*šēnît*": "adverb - a second time", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*liqnôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to acquire/recover", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*šə'ār*": "masculine singular construct - remnant of", "*'ammô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/who", "*yiššā'ēr*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will remain/be left", "*mē'aššûr*": "preposition + proper noun - from Assyria", "*ûmimmiṣrayim*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Egypt", "*ûmippatrôs*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Pathros", "*ûmikkûš*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Cush", "*ûmē'êlām*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Elam", "*ûmiššin'ār*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Shinar", "*ûmēḥămāt*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and from Hamath", "*ûmē'iyyēy*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural construct - and from islands of", "*hayyām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the sea" }, "variants": { "*yôsîp*": "add/continue/do again", "*'ădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord", "*šēnît*": "second time/again", "*liqnôt*": "to acquire/to recover/to redeem/to obtain", "*šə'ār*": "remnant/remainder/rest", "*yiššā'ēr*": "will remain/will be left/will survive", "*'iyyēy*": "islands/coasts/coastlands" } }
• Isa 37:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.37.4", "source": "אוּלַ֡י יִשְׁמַע֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ אֵ֣ת ׀ דִּבְרֵ֣י רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה אֲשֶׁר֩ שְׁלָח֨וֹ מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֤וּר ׀ אֲדֹנָיו֙ לְחָרֵף֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים חַ֔י וְהוֹכִ֙יחַ֙ בַּדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁמַ֖ע יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וְנָשָׂ֣אתָ תְפִלָּ֔ה בְּעַ֥ד הַשְּׁאֵרִ֖ית הַנִּמְצָאָֽה׃", "text": "Perhaps *ʾûlay* will-hear *yishmaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾēt* words-of *dibrê* *Rab*-*shāqēh* whom *ʾasher* sent-him *shelāḥô* king-of-*melek*-*ʾAshshûr* his-lord *ʾadōnāyw* to-reproach *leḥārēp* *ʾĕlōhîm* living *ḥay* and-will-reprove *wehôkîaḥ* for-the-words *badebārîm* which *ʾasher* heard *shāmaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* and-lift-up *wenāśāʾtā* *tepillāh* for *beʿad* the-*sheʾērît* the-*nimtsāʾāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps/maybe", "*yishmaʿ*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he will hear", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*Rab-shāqēh*": "proper noun/title - Rabshakeh/chief cupbearer", "*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*shelāḥô*": "qal perfect 3ms + 3ms suffix - he sent him", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾAshshûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʾadōnāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3ms suffix - his lords/master", "*leḥārēp*": "preposition ל + piel infinitive construct - to reproach/taunt", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living", "*wehôkîaḥ*": "waw-conjunctive + hiphil perfect 3ms - and he will reprove", "*badebārîm*": "preposition ב + definite article ה + noun, masculine plural - for the words", "*shāmaʿ*": "qal perfect 3ms - he heard", "*wenāśāʾtā*": "waw-conjunctive + qal perfect 2ms - and you will lift up", "*tepillāh*": "noun, feminine singular - prayer", "*beʿad*": "preposition - for/on behalf of", "*sheʾērît*": "noun, feminine singular - remnant/remainder", "*nimtsāʾāh*": "niphal participle feminine singular - being found/remaining" }, "variants": { "*Rab-shāqēh*": "Rabshakeh/Chief Cupbearer (title)", "*leḥārēp*": "to reproach/taunt/blaspheme", "*ʾĕlōhîm ḥay*": "living God/true God", "*wehôkîaḥ*": "and he will reprove/rebuke/correct", "*sheʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*nimtsāʾāh*": "that is found/that remains/that exists" } }
• Isa 44:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.1", "source": "וְעַתָּ֥ה שְׁמַ֖ע יַעֲקֹ֣ב עַבְדִּ֑י וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּחַ֥רְתִּי בֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattāh* *šəmaʿ* *yaʿăqōḇ* *ʿaḇdî* *wə-yiśrāʾēl* *bāḥartî* *bô*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*šəmaʿ*": "imperative, masculine, singular - hear/listen", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jacob", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my servant", "*wə-yiśrāʾēl*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine - and Israel", "*bāḥartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have chosen", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in/with him" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey", "*bāḥartî*": "I have chosen/selected/elected", "*bô*": "in him/with him/for him" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.2", "source": "כֹּה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֥ה עֹשֶׂ֛ךָ וְיֹצֶרְךָ֥ מִבֶּ֖טֶן יַעְזְרֶ֑ךָּ אַל־תִּירָא֙ עַבְדִּ֣י יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וִישֻׁר֖וּן בָּחַ֥רְתִּי בֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kōh-ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʿōśeḵā* *wə-yōṣerḵā* *mibbeṭen* *yaʿzreḵā* *ʾal-tîrāʾ* *ʿaḇdî* *yaʿăqōḇ* *wîšurûn* *bāḥartî* *bô*", "grammar": { "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - thus says/said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*ʿōśeḵā*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your maker", "*wə-yōṣerḵā*": "conjunction + verb, qal participle, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your former", "*mibbeṭen*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from womb", "*yaʿzreḵā*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will help you", "*ʾal-tîrāʾ*": "negative particle + verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - do not fear", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my servant", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jacob", "*wîšurûn*": "proper noun, masculine - Jeshurun (poetic name for Israel)", "*bāḥartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have chosen", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in/with him" }, "variants": { "*ʿōśeḵā*": "your maker/creator/fashioner", "*yōṣerḵā*": "your former/fashioner/creator", "*mibbeṭen*": "from the womb/from birth", "*wîšurûn*": "Jeshurun/Upright One (poetic name for Israel)", "*bāḥartî*": "I have chosen/selected/elected" } }
• Isa 44:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.21", "source": "זְכָר־אֵ֣לֶּה יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֣י עַבְדִּי־אָ֑תָּה יְצַרְתִּ֤יךָ עֶֽבֶד־לִי֙ אַ֔תָּה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֹ֥א תִנָּשֵֽׁנִי׃", "text": "*zəḵār-ʾēlleh* *yaʿăqōḇ* *wəyiśrāʾēl* *kî* *ʿaḇdî-ʾāttāh* *yəṣartîḵā* *ʿeḇeḏ-lî* *ʾattāh* *yiśrāʾēl* *lōʾ* *tinnāšēnî*", "grammar": { "*zəḵār-ʾēlleh*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular + demonstrative pronoun, plural - remember these", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jacob", "*wəyiśrāʾēl*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine - and Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿaḇdî-ʾāttāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix + pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you are my servant", "*yəṣartîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have formed you", "*ʿeḇeḏ-lî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - a servant to me", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Israel", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tinnāšēnî*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you will be forgotten by me" }, "variants": { "*zəḵār*": "remember/be mindful of/recall", "*ʿaḇdî*": "my servant/my slave", "*yəṣartîḵā*": "I have formed you/I have fashioned you/I have created you", "*tinnāšēnî*": "you will be forgotten by me/you will not be forgotten by me (with negation)" } }
• Isa 46:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.12", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ אֵלַ֖י אַבִּ֣ירֵי לֵ֑ב הָרְחוֹקִ֖ים מִצְּדָקָֽה׃", "text": "*šimʿû* to-me *ʾabbîrê lēb*, the-*rəḥôqîm* from-*ṣədāqâ*.", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "imperative, 2nd masculine plural - listen/hear", "*ʾabbîrê*": "adjective, masculine, plural, construct - mighty ones of", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine, singular - heart", "*rəḥôqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - far/distant ones", "*ṣədāqâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*šimʿû*": "listen/hear/obey", "*ʾabbîrê*": "mighty ones/strong ones/stubborn ones", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner being", "*rəḥôqîm*": "far ones/distant ones/remote ones", "*ṣədāqâ*": "righteousness/justice/rightness" } }
• Isa 48:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.48.1", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ־זֹ֣את בֵּֽית־יַעֲקֹ֗ב הַנִּקְרָאִים֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּמִמֵּ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה יָצָ֑אוּ הַֽנִּשְׁבָּעִ֣ים ׀ בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֗ה וּבֵאלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יַזְכִּ֔ירוּ לֹ֥א בֶאֱמֶ֖ת וְלֹ֥א בִצְדָקָֽה׃", "text": "*Shimʿû*-*zōʾt* *bêt*-*yaʿăqōb* *hanniqrāʾîm* in *shēm* *yiśrāʾēl* *ûmimmê* *yehûdāh* *yāṣāʾû* *hannishbāʿîm* in *shēm* *YHWH* *ûbēʾlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *yazkîrû* not in *ʾemet* and not in *ṣedāqāh*", "grammar": { "*Shimʿû*": "imperative plural - hear/listen", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*bêt*": "construct state - house of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*hanniqrāʾîm*": "definite article + niphal participle masculine plural - the ones being called", "*shēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ûmimmê*": "conjunction wə + preposition min + construct form - and from waters of", "*yehûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yāṣāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they came out/went forth", "*hannishbāʿîm*": "definite article + niphal participle masculine plural - the ones swearing", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ûbēʾlōhê*": "conjunction wə + preposition bə + construct form - and in/by God of", "*yazkîrû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - they mention/invoke", "*ʾemet*": "feminine singular - truth/faithfulness", "*ṣedāqāh*": "feminine singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*Shimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*hanniqrāʾîm*": "called/named/summoned", "*ûmimmê*": "from waters of/from sources of/from lineage of", "*yāṣāʾû*": "came forth/descended/originated", "*hannishbāʿîm*": "who swear/take oaths/make pledges", "*yazkîrû*": "mention/invoke/proclaim/commemorate", "*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*ṣedāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightful conduct" } }
• Isa 48:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.48.17", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה גֹּאַלְךָ֖ קְד֣וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲנִ֨י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ מְלַמֶּדְךָ֣ לְהוֹעִ֔יל מַדְרִֽיכֲךָ֖ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ תֵּלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *gōʾalkā* *qedôsh* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *melammĕdĕkā* to *hôʿîl* *madrîkăkā* in *derek* *tēlēk*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*gōʾalkā*": "qal participle masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your redeemer", "*qedôsh*": "adjective masculine singular construct - holy one of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*melammĕdĕkā*": "piel participle masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - teaching you", "*hôʿîl*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to profit/benefit", "*madrîkăkā*": "hiphil participle masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - leading you", "*derek*": "masculine singular construct - way of", "*tēlēk*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will walk/go" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*gōʾalkā*": "your redeemer/your deliverer/your vindicator", "*qedôsh*": "holy one/set-apart one/sacred one", "*melammĕdĕkā*": "teaching you/instructing you/training you", "*hôʿîl*": "to profit/to benefit/to succeed", "*madrîkăkā*": "leading you/guiding you/causing you to walk", "*derek*": "way/path/road/journey", "*tēlēk*": "you should walk/you should go/you should follow" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.48.18", "source": "ל֥וּא הִקְשַׁ֖בְתָּ לְמִצְוֺתָ֑י וַיְהִ֤י כַנָּהָר֙ שְׁלוֹמֶ֔ךָ וְצִדְקָתְךָ֖ כְּגַלֵּ֥י הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "If only *hiqshabtā* to *miṣwōtāy* and *wayehî* like *nāhār* *shelômekā* and *ṣidqātekā* like *gallê* *hayyām*", "grammar": { "*hiqshabtā*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you paid attention", "*miṣwōtāy*": "feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my commandments", "*wayehî*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + waw consecutive - and it would have been", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular - river", "*shelômekā*": "masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your peace", "*ṣidqātekā*": "feminine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your righteousness", "*gallê*": "masculine plural construct - waves of", "*hayyām*": "definite article + masculine singular - the sea" }, "variants": { "*hiqshabtā*": "paid attention to/listened to/heeded", "*miṣwōtāy*": "my commandments/my precepts/my instructions", "*nāhār*": "river/stream/torrent", "*shelômekā*": "your peace/your prosperity/your well-being", "*ṣidqātekā*": "your righteousness/your justice/your righteous acts", "*gallê*": "waves of/billows of", "*hayyām*": "the sea/the ocean" } }
• Isa 49:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.49.1", "source": "שִׁמְע֤וּ אִיִּים֙ אֵלַ֔י וְהַקְשִׁ֥יבוּ לְאֻמִּ֖ים מֵרָח֑וֹק יְהוָה֙ מִבֶּ֣טֶן קְרָאָ֔נִי מִמְּעֵ֥י אִמִּ֖י הִזְכִּ֥יר שְׁמִֽי׃", "text": "*Šimʿû* *ʾiyyîm* to-me, *wə-haqšîḇû* *ləʾummîm* from-*rāḥôq*: *YHWH* from-*beṭen* *qərāʾānî*, from-*məʿê* *ʾimmî* *hizkîr* *šəmî*.", "grammar": { "*Šimʿû*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*ʾiyyîm*": "noun, masculine plural - islands/coastlands", "*wə-haqšîḇû*": "conjunction + imperative, masculine plural - and give attention/pay heed", "*ləʾummîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*rāḥôq*": "adjective, masculine singular - far/distant", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*beṭen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - womb/belly", "*qərāʾānî*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - called me", "*məʿê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - bowels/inward parts", "*ʾimmî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular possessive suffix - my mother", "*hizkîr*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - caused to remember/mentioned", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular possessive suffix - my name" }, "variants": { "*ʾiyyîm*": "islands/coastlands/maritime regions", "*ləʾummîm*": "peoples/nations/communities", "*qərāʾānî*": "called me/summoned me/named me", "*hizkîr*": "mentioned/remembered/caused to remember" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.49.2", "source": "וַיָּ֤שֶׂם פִּי֙ כְּחֶ֣רֶב חַדָּ֔ה בְּצֵ֥ל יָד֖וֹ הֶחְבִּיאָ֑נִי וַיְשִׂימֵ֙נִי֙ לְחֵ֣ץ בָּר֔וּר בְּאַשְׁפָּת֖וֹ הִסְתִּירָֽנִי׃", "text": "*Wayyāśem* *pî* like-*ḥereḇ* *ḥaddâ*, in-*ṣēl* *yādô* *heḥbîʾānî*; *wayəśîmēnî* for-*ḥēṣ* *bārûr*, in-*ʾašpātô* *histîrānî*.", "grammar": { "*Wayyāśem*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made/placed", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular possessive suffix - my mouth", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ḥaddâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - sharp", "*ṣēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - shadow/shade", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his hand", "*heḥbîʾānî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - he hid me", "*wayəśîmēnî*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - and he made me", "*ḥēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - arrow", "*bārûr*": "adjective, masculine singular - polished/selected/pure", "*ʾašpātô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his quiver", "*histîrānî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - he concealed me" }, "variants": { "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting implement", "*ḥaddâ*": "sharp/keen/pointed", "*bārûr*": "polished/pure/chosen/select", "*heḥbîʾānî*": "hid me/concealed me/protected me", "*histîrānî*": "concealed me/kept me hidden/protected me" } }
• Isa 51:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.1", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ אֵלַ֛י רֹ֥דְפֵי צֶ֖דֶק מְבַקְשֵׁ֣י יְהוָ֑ה הַבִּ֙יטוּ֙ אֶל־צ֣וּר חֻצַּבְתֶּ֔ם וְאֶל־מַקֶּ֥בֶת בּ֖וֹר נֻקַּרְתֶּֽם", "text": "*šim'û* to-me *rōdəpê ṣedeq məbaqəšê YHWH*, *habbiṭû* to-*ṣûr ḥuṣṣabtem* and-to-*maqqebet bôr nuqqartem*", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*rōdəpê*": "masculine plural construct - pursuers of", "*ṣedeq*": "common noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*məbaqəšê*": "masculine plural construct, Piel participle - seekers of", "YHWH": "proper noun - divine name", "*habbiṭû*": "imperative, masculine plural, Hiphil - look at/consider", "*ṣûr*": "common noun, masculine singular - rock", "*ḥuṣṣabtem*": "Pual perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you were hewn/cut out", "*maqqebet*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - quarry/excavation", "*bôr*": "common noun, masculine singular - pit/cistern", "*nuqqartem*": "Pual perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you were dug/hollowed out" }, "variants": { "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*ṣûr*": "rock/boulder/cliff", "*bôr*": "pit/cistern/hole", "*maqqebet*": "quarry/excavation/hole" } }
• Isa 51:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.7", "source": "שִׁמְע֤וּ אֵלַי֙ יֹ֣דְעֵי צֶ֔דֶק עַ֖ם תּוֹרָתִ֣י בְלִבָּ֑ם אַל־תִּֽירְאוּ֙ חֶרְפַּ֣ת אֱנ֔וֹשׁ וּמִגִּדֻּפֹתָ֖ם אַל־תֵּחָֽתּוּ", "text": "*šim'û 'ēlay yōdə'ê ṣedeq 'am tôrātî bəlibbām 'al-tîrə'û ḥerpat 'ĕnôš ûmiggiduppōtām 'al-tēḥāttû*", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*'ēlay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*yōdə'ê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - knowers of", "*ṣedeq*": "common noun, masculine singular - righteousness", "*'am*": "common noun, masculine singular - people", "*tôrātî*": "common noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my law", "*bəlibbām*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their heart", "*'al*": "negative particle - do not", "*tîrə'û*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine plural - fear", "*ḥerpat*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - reproach of", "*'ĕnôš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*ûmiggiduppōtām*": "conjunction + preposition + common noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and from their revilings", "*'al*": "negative particle - do not", "*tēḥāttû*": "Niphal imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine plural - be dismayed/be broken" }, "variants": { "*yōdə'ê*": "knowers of/those who know", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*tôrātî*": "my law/my instruction/my teaching", "*ḥerpat*": "reproach of/insult of/taunt of", "*'ĕnôš*": "man/mankind/mortals", "*giduppōtām*": "their revilings/their insults/their taunts", "*tēḥāttû*": "be dismayed/be broken/be shattered" } }
• Isa 63:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.9", "source": "בְּֽכָל־צָרָתָ֣ם ׀ *לא **ל֣וֹ צָ֗ר וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ פָּנָיו֙ הֽוֹשִׁיעָ֔ם בְּאַהֲבָת֥וֹ וּבְחֶמְלָת֖וֹ ה֣וּא גְאָלָ֑ם וַֽיְנַטְּלֵ֥ם וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֖ם כָּל־יְמֵ֥י עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "In all their *ṣārātām* [*lōʾ*/*lô*] *ṣār* and *malʾaḵ* of his *pānāyw* *hôšîʿām*, in his *ʾahăbātô* and in his *ḥemlātô* *hûʾ* *gĕʾālām*; and he *wayĕnaṭṭĕlēm* and he *wayĕnaśśĕʾēm* all *yĕmê* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*bĕḵāl*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ṣārātām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their distresses", "*lōʾ/lô*": "negative particle/preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - not/to him", "*ṣār*": "adjective, masculine singular - distress/adversary", "*ûmalʾaḵ*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular construct - and messenger/angel of", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*hôšîʿām*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - saved them", "*bĕʾahăbātô*": "preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his love", "*ûbĕḥemlātô*": "conjunction waw + preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his compassion", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*gĕʾālām*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - redeemed them", "*wayĕnaṭṭĕlēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he lifted them", "*wayĕnaśśĕʾēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he carried them", "*kāl-yĕmê*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural construct - all days of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/forever" }, "variants": { "*ṣārātām*": "their distresses/their troubles/their afflictions", "*lōʾ/lô*": "Text shows both readings: *lōʾ* (written) = 'not' / *lô* (read) = 'to him'", "*ṣār*": "distress/adversary/enemy/narrow", "*malʾaḵ*": "messenger/angel/representative", "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence/his person", "*hôšîʿām*": "saved them/delivered them/rescued them", "*ʾahăbātô*": "his love/his affection", "*ḥemlātô*": "his compassion/his pity/his mercy", "*gĕʾālām*": "redeemed them/rescued them/acted as kinsman for them", "*yĕnaṭṭĕlēm*": "lifted them/raised them/carried them", "*yĕnaśśĕʾēm*": "carried them/bore them/supported them", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/forever/ancient time" } }
• Deut 32:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.11", "source": "כְּנֶ֙שֶׁר֙ יָעִ֣יר קִנּ֔וֹ עַל־גּוֹזָלָ֖יו יְרַחֵ֑ף יִפְרֹ֤שׂ כְּנָפָיו֙ יִקָּחֵ֔הוּ יִשָּׂאֵ֖הוּ עַל־אֶבְרָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kənešer* *yāʿîr* *qinnô* *ʿal*-*gôzālāyw* *yəraḥēp̄* *yip̄rōś* *kənāp̄āyw* *yiqqāḥēhû* *yiśśāʾēhû* *ʿal*-*ʾeḇrāṯô*", "grammar": { "*kənešer*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - like an eagle", "*yāʿîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he stirs up", "*qinnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his nest", "*ʿal*": "preposition - over", "*gôzālāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his young", "*yəraḥēp̄*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he hovers", "*yip̄rōś*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spreads out", "*kənāp̄āyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wings", "*yiqqāḥēhû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he takes him", "*yiśśāʾēhû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he carries him", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on", "*ʾeḇrāṯô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his pinion" }, "variants": { "*nešer*": "eagle/vulture/great bird of prey", "*yāʿîr*": "stirs up/rouses/awakens", "*qinnô*": "his nest/his dwelling place", "*gôzālāyw*": "his young/his nestlings/his offspring", "*yəraḥēp̄*": "hovers/flutters/broods", "*yip̄rōś*": "spreads out/expands/stretches", "*kənāp̄āyw*": "his wings/his extremities", "*yiqqāḥēhû*": "takes him/receives him/accepts him", "*yiśśāʾēhû*": "carries him/bears him/lifts him", "*ʾeḇrāṯô*": "his pinion/his wing/his feather" } } 12 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.12", "source": "יְהוָ֖ה בָּדָ֣ד יַנְחֶ֑נּוּ וְאֵ֥ין עִמּ֖וֹ אֵ֥ל נֵכָֽר׃", "text": "*YHWH* *bādād* *yanḥennû* *wəʾên* *ʿimmô* *ʾēl* *nēḵār*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bādād*": "masculine singular adverb - alone", "*yanḥennû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he led him", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there was no", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*nēḵār*": "masculine singular noun - foreign/strange" }, "variants": { "*bādād*": "alone/isolated/by himself", "*yanḥennû*": "he led him/he guided him/he directed him", "*ʿimmô*": "with him/alongside him", "*ʾēl nēḵār*": "foreign god/strange deity/alien god" } }