20{
"verseID": "Joshua.10.20",
"source": "וַיְהִי֩ כְּכַלּ֨וֹת יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לְהַכּוֹתָ֛ם מַכָּ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה־מְאֹ֖ד עַד־תֻּמָּ֑ם וְהַשְּׂרִידִים֙ שָׂרְד֣וּ מֵהֶ֔ם וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ אֶל־עָרֵ֥י הַמִּבְצָֽר׃",
"text": "And *wə-yəhî* when *kə-kallôt* *Yəhôšuaʿ* and *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *lə-hakôtām* *makkâ* *gədôlâ-məʾōd* until *tummām* and the *śərîdîm* *śārədû* from them and *wə-yābōʾû* to *ʿārê* the *mibṣār*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and it happened",
"*kə-kallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - when finished",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*lə-hakôtām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to strike them",
"*makkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - blow/strike",
"*gədôlâ-məʾōd*": "adjective, feminine singular + adverb - very great",
"*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their completion/being finished",
"*śərîdîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the survivors",
"*śārədû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - survived",
"*wə-yābōʾû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they entered",
"*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - cities of",
"*mibṣār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the fortress/fortification"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass",
"*kə-kallôt*": "when finished/when completed",
"*bənê*": "sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel",
"*lə-hakôtām*": "to strike them/to defeat them",
"*makkâ*": "defeat/blow/slaughter",
"*gədôlâ-məʾōd*": "very great/very large",
"*tummām*": "their completion/until they were finished",
"*śərîdîm*": "survivors/remnant/those who remained",
"*śārədû*": "survived/escaped/remained",
"*wə-yābōʾû*": "entered/went/came",
"*ʿārê*": "cities of/towns of",
"*mibṣār*": "fortification/fortress/fortified place"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Joshua.10.21",
"source": "וַיָּשֻׁבוּ֩ כָל־הָעָ֨ם אֶל־הַמַּחֲנֶ֧ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ מַקֵּדָ֖ה בְּשָׁל֑וֹם לֹֽא־חָרַ֞ץ לִבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל לְאִ֖ישׁ אֶת־לְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wə-yāšubû* all the *ʿām* to the *maḥăneh* to *Yəhôšuaʿ* *Maqqēdâ* in *šālôm* not *ḥāraṣ* to *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* to *ʾîš* *ʾet-ləšōnô*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yāšubû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they returned",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people",
"*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the camp",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*Maqqēdâ*": "proper noun - Makkedah",
"*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace",
"*ḥāraṣ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with negative particle - did not sharpen/point",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*ʾet-ləšōnô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tongue"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yāšubû*": "returned/came back",
"*ʿām*": "people/nation",
"*maḥăneh*": "camp/encampment",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "Joshua",
"*Maqqēdâ*": "Makkedah (place name)",
"*šālôm*": "peace/safety/welfare",
"*ḥāraṣ*": "sharpen/point/move (idiomatically: harm/oppose/criticize)",
"*bənê*": "sons of/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel",
"*ʾîš*": "man/anyone/person",
"*ʾet-ləšōnô*": "his tongue (idiomatically: spoke against/criticized)"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Joshua.10.22",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ פִּתְח֖וּ אֶת־פִּ֣י הַמְּעָרָ֑ה וְהוֹצִ֣יאוּ אֵלַ֗י אֶת־חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת הַמְּלָכִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִן־הַמְּעָרָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Yəhôšuaʿ* *pitḥû* *ʾet-pî* the *məʿārâ* and *wə-hôṣîʾû* to me *ʾet-ḥămēšet* the *məlākîm* these from the *məʿārâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*pitḥû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - open",
"*ʾet-pî*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the mouth of",
"*məʿārâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the cave",
"*wə-hôṣîʾû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - and bring out",
"*ʾet-ḥămēšet*": "direct object marker + numeral, feminine construct - five of",
"*məlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the kings",
"*məʿārâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the cave"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "Joshua",
"*pitḥû*": "open/uncover",
"*ʾet-pî*": "the mouth of/the opening of/the entrance of",
"*məʿārâ*": "cave/cavern",
"*wə-hôṣîʾû*": "bring out/lead out",
"*ʾet-ḥămēšet*": "five of",
"*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "Joshua.10.23",
"source": "וַיַּ֣עֲשׂוּ כֵ֔ן וַיֹּצִ֣יאוּ אֵלָ֗יו אֶת־חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת הַמְּלָכִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִן־הַמְּעָרָ֑ה אֵ֣ת ׀ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם אֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ חֶבְרוֹן֙ אֶת־מֶ֣לֶךְ יַרְמ֔וּת אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ לָכִ֖ישׁ אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ עֶגְלֽוֹן׃",
"text": "And *wə-yaʿăśû* thus and *wə-yōṣîʾû* to him *ʾet-ḥămēšet* the *məlākîm* these from the *məʿārâ* *ʾēt* *melek* *Yərûšālaim* *ʾet-melek* *Ḥebrôn* *ʾet-melek* *Yarmût* *ʾet-melek* *Lākîš* *ʾet-melek* *ʿEglôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿăśû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they did",
"*wə-yōṣîʾû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought out",
"*ʾet-ḥămēšet*": "direct object marker + numeral, feminine construct - five of",
"*məlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the kings",
"*məʿārâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the cave",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*ʾet-melek*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*Ḥebrôn*": "proper noun - Hebron",
"*ʾet-melek*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*Yarmût*": "proper noun - Jarmuth",
"*ʾet-melek*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*Lākîš*": "proper noun - Lachish",
"*ʾet-melek*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - king of",
"*ʿEglôn*": "proper noun - Eglon"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yaʿăśû*": "did/performed",
"*wə-yōṣîʾû*": "brought out/led out",
"*ʾet-ḥămēšet*": "five of",
"*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers",
"*məʿārâ*": "cave/cavern",
"*melek*": "king/ruler",
"*Yərûšālaim*": "Jerusalem",
"*Ḥebrôn*": "Hebron",
"*Yarmût*": "Jarmuth",
"*Lākîš*": "Lachish",
"*ʿEglôn*": "Eglon"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "Joshua.10.24",
"source": "וַ֠יְהִי כְּֽהוֹצִיאָ֞ם אֶת־הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵלֶּה֮ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֒ וַיִּקְרָ֨א יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אֶל־קְצִינֵ֞י אַנְשֵׁ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ הֶהָלְכ֣וּא אִתּ֔וֹ קִרְב֗וּ שִׂ֚ימוּ אֶת־רַגְלֵיכֶ֔ם עַֽל־צַוְּארֵ֖י הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַֽיִּקְרְב֔וּ וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ אֶת־רַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־צַוְּארֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wə-yəhî* when *kə-hôṣîʾām* *ʾet-hamməlākîm* these to *Yəhôšuaʿ* and *wə-yiqrāʾ* *Yəhôšuaʿ* to all *ʾîš* *Yiśrāʾēl* and *wə-yōʾmer* to *qəṣînê* *ʾanšê* the *milḥāmâ* the ones *hehālkûʾ* with him *qirbû* *śîmû* *ʾet-raglêkem* on *ṣawwərê* the *məlākîm* these and *wə-yiqrəbû* and *wə-yāśîmû* *ʾet-raglêhem* on *ṣawwərêhem*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of היה - and it happened",
"*kə-hôṣîʾām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they brought out",
"*ʾet-hamməlākîm*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with definite article - the kings",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*qəṣînê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs of",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the war/battle",
"*hehālkûʾ*": "definite article + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - the ones who went",
"*qirbû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come near",
"*śîmû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - put",
"*ʾet-raglêkem*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your feet",
"*ṣawwərê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - necks of",
"*məlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the kings",
"*wə-yiqrəbû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came near",
"*wə-yāśîmû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they put",
"*ʾet-raglêhem*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their feet",
"*ṣawwərêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their necks"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass",
"*kə-hôṣîʾām*": "when they brought out/as they were bringing out",
"*ʾet-hamməlākîm*": "the kings/the rulers",
"*Yəhôšuaʿ*": "Joshua",
"*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned",
"*ʾîš*": "man/men/person",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*qəṣînê*": "chiefs/commanders/captains",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/soldiers of",
"*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/combat",
"*hehālkûʾ*": "who went/who marched/who walked",
"*qirbû*": "come near/approach",
"*śîmû*": "put/place/set",
"*ʾet-raglêkem*": "your feet",
"*ṣawwərê*": "necks of/throats of",
"*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers",
"*wə-yiqrəbû*": "came near/approached",
"*wə-yāśîmû*": "put/placed/set",
"*ʾet-raglêhem*": "their feet",
"*ṣawwərêhem*": "their necks/their throats"
}
}