2 Chr 20:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.1",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י אֽ͏ַחֲרֵיכֵ֡ן בָּ֣אוּ בְנֵי־מוֹאָב֩ וּבְנֵ֨י עַמּ֜וֹן וְעִמָּהֶ֧ם ׀ מֵֽהָעַמּוֹנִ֛ים עַל־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט לַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayəhî* after *ʾaḥărê* this *kên*, *bāʾû* sons-of *bənê*-*môʾāb* and sons-of *bənê* *ʿammôn* and with-them *wəʿimmāhem* from *mē* the *hāʿammônîm* against *ʿal*-*yəhôšāpāṭ* for the *lammilḥāmâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayəhî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass",
"*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after",
"*kên*": "adverb - thus, so, such",
"*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they came",
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural of *bēn* - sons of",
"*môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab",
"*ʿammôn*": "proper name - Ammon",
"*wəʿimmāhem*": "waw-conjunction + preposition *ʿim* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and with them",
"*mē*": "preposition - from",
"*hāʿammônîm*": "definite article + proper name + plural - the Ammonites",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - against",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper name - Jehoshaphat",
"*lammilḥāmâ*": "preposition *lə* + definite article + feminine singular noun - for the battle/war"
},
"variants": {
"*wayəhî*": "and it came to pass/happened/became",
"*mēhāʿammônîm*": "possibly 'from the Meunites' (different reading tradition)",
"*ʿal*": "against/upon/concerning",
"*lammilḥāmâ*": "for war/battle/fighting"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.2",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֗אוּ וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ לִֽיהוֹשָׁפָט֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּ֣א עָלֶ֜יךָ הָמ֥וֹן רָ֛ב מֵעֵ֥בֶר לַיָּ֖ם מֵאֲרָ֑ם וְהִנָּם֙ בְּחַֽצְצ֣וֹן תָּמָ֔ר הִ֖יא עֵ֥ין גֶּֽדִי׃",
"text": "And *wayyābōʾû* and *wayyaggîdû* to *lîhôšāpāṭ* *lēmōr*, *bāʾ* against *ʿāleykā* *hāmôn* *rāb* from beyond *mēʿēber* to the sea *layyām* from *mēʾărām*, and behold-them *wəhinnām* in *bəḥaṣṣôn* *tāmār*, she *hîʾ* *ʿên* *gedî*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyābōʾû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they came",
"*wayyaggîdû*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they told/reported",
"*lîhôšāpāṭ*": "preposition *lə* + proper name - to Jehoshaphat",
"*lēmōr*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*bāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he/it came/has come",
"*ʿāleykā*": "preposition *ʿal* + 2nd masculine singular suffix - against you",
"*hāmôn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - multitude/crowd",
"*rāb*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large/many",
"*mēʿēber*": "preposition *min* + masculine singular noun - from beyond/across",
"*layyām*": "preposition *lə* + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the sea",
"*mēʾărām*": "preposition *min* + proper name - from Aram/Syria",
"*wəhinnām*": "waw-conjunction + particle *hinnē* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and behold them",
"*bəḥaṣṣôn*": "preposition *bə* + proper name - in Hazazon",
"*tāmār*": "proper name - Tamar",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she/it",
"*ʿên*": "construct feminine singular noun - spring of",
"*gedî*": "proper name - Gedi"
},
"variants": {
"*mēʾărām*": "from Aram/Syria/Edom (text variant reads 'from Edom')",
"*hāmôn*": "multitude/crowd/army/noise",
"*ʿên gedî*": "En-gedi (place name)"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.3",
"source": "וַיִּרָ֕א וַיִּתֵּ֧ן יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו לִדְר֣וֹשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּקְרָא־צ֖וֹם עַל־כָּל־יְהוּדָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyîrāʾ* and *wayyittēn* *yəhôšāpāṭ* *ʾet*-face-his *pānāyw* to seek *lidrôš* to *YHWH* *layhwh*, and *wayyiqrāʾ*-fast *ṣôm* upon *ʿal*-all *kol*-*yəhûdâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyîrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he feared",
"*wayyittēn*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he set/placed/directed",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper name - Jehoshaphat",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*pānāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face",
"*lidrôš*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to seek/inquire",
"*layhwh*": "preposition *lə* + divine name - to YHWH",
"*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called/proclaimed",
"*ṣôm*": "masculine singular noun - fast",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/over/throughout",
"*kol*": "construct masculine singular - all of",
"*yəhûdâ*": "proper name - Judah"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyîrāʾ*": "and he feared/was afraid",
"*lidrôš*": "to seek/inquire/search for/consult",
"*wayyittēn pānāyw*": "idiom: set his face/determined/resolved",
"*wayyiqrāʾ*": "and he proclaimed/announced/called out"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.4",
"source": "וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ יְהוּדָ֔ה לְבַקֵּ֖שׁ מֵֽיְהוָ֑ה גַּ֚ם מִכָּל־עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה בָּ֖אוּ לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyiqqābṣû* *yəhûdâ* to seek *ləbaqqēš* from *mêyhwh* *YHWH*, also *gam* from-all *mikkol*-cities-of *ʿārê* *yəhûdâ* *bāʾû* to seek *ləbaqqēš* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *yhwh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqābṣû*": "waw-consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they gathered themselves",
"*yəhûdâ*": "proper name - Judah",
"*ləbaqqēš*": "preposition *lə* + piel infinitive construct - to seek",
"*mêyhwh*": "preposition *min* + divine name - from YHWH",
"*gam*": "adverb - also/even/moreover",
"*mikkol*": "preposition *min* + construct masculine singular - from all of",
"*ʿārê*": "construct masculine plural noun - cities of",
"*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they came",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqqābṣû*": "and they gathered themselves/assembled/came together",
"*ləbaqqēš*": "to seek/search for/request/desire"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.5",
"source": "וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט בִּקְהַ֧ל יְהוּדָ֛ה וִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם בְּבֵ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה לִפְנֵ֖י הֶחָצֵ֥ר הַחֲדָשָֽׁה׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿămōd* *yəhôšāpāṭ* in assembly-of *biqhal* *yəhûdâ* and *wîrûšālaim* Jerusalem in house-of *bəbêt* *YHWH* *yhwh* before *lipnê* the court *heḥāṣēr* the new *haḥădāšâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿămōd*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he stood",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper name - Jehoshaphat",
"*biqhal*": "preposition *bə* + construct masculine singular noun - in assembly of",
"*yəhûdâ*": "proper name - Judah",
"*wîrûšālaim*": "waw-conjunction + proper name - and Jerusalem",
"*bəbêt*": "preposition *bə* + construct masculine singular noun - in house of",
"*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*lipnê*": "preposition *lə* + construct masculine plural noun - before/in front of",
"*heḥāṣēr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the court",
"*haḥădāšâ*": "definite article + feminine singular adjective - the new"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿămōd*": "and he stood/arose/took his position",
"*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/gathering",
"*lipnê*": "before/in front of/in the presence of"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.6",
"source": "וַיֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ הֲלֹ֨א אַתָּֽה־ה֤וּא אֱלֹהִים֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְאַתָּ֣ה מוֹשֵׁ֔ל בְּכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וּבְיָדְךָ֙ כֹּ֣חַ וּגְבוּרָ֔ה וְאֵ֥ין עִמְּךָ֖ לְהִתְיַצֵּֽב׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmar* *YHWH* *yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtênû* is-not *hălōʾ* you-*ʾattâ*-*hûʾ* *ʾĕlōhîm* in the heavens *baššāmayim* and you *wəʾattâ* *môšēl* in all *bəkōl* kingdoms-of *mamlkôt* the nations *haggôyim*, and in hand-your *ûbəyādkā* *kōaḥ* and *ûgbûrâ*, and none *wəʾên* with-you *ʿimmkā* to stand *ləhityaṣṣēb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct masculine plural noun - God of",
"*ʾăbōtênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our fathers",
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not?",
"*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he/it",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God",
"*baššāmayim*": "preposition *bə* + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens",
"*wəʾattâ*": "waw-conjunction + 2nd masculine singular pronoun - and you",
"*môšēl*": "qal participle masculine singular - ruling",
"*bəkōl*": "preposition *bə* + construct masculine singular - in all of",
"*mamlkôt*": "construct feminine plural noun - kingdoms of",
"*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations",
"*ûbəyādkā*": "waw-conjunction + preposition *bə* + feminine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and in your hand",
"*kōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - strength/power",
"*ûgbûrâ*": "waw-conjunction + feminine singular noun - and might/power",
"*wəʾên*": "waw-conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not",
"*ʿimmkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you",
"*ləhityaṣṣēb*": "preposition *lə* + hithpael infinitive construct - to stand against"
},
"variants": {
"*môšēl*": "ruling/governing/having dominion",
"*gəbûrâ*": "might/power/strength",
"*ləhityaṣṣēb*": "to stand against/withstand/resist/oppose"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.7",
"source": "הֲלֹ֣א ׀ אַתָּ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ הוֹרַ֙שְׁתָּ֙ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵי֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את מִלִּפְנֵ֖י עַמְּךָ֣ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽתִּתְּנָ֗הּ לְזֶ֛רַע אַבְרָהָ֥ם אֹֽהַבְךָ֖ לְעוֹלָֽם׃",
"text": "Is-not *hălōʾ* you *ʾattâ* *ʾĕlōhênû* *hôraštā* *ʾet*-inhabitants-of *yōšbê* the land *hāʾāreṣ* this *hazzōʾt* from before *millipnê* people-your *ʿammkā* Israel *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wattitnāh* to seed-of *ləzeraʿ* Abraham *ʾabrāhām* lover-your *ʾōhabkā* to eternity *ləʿôlām*.",
"grammar": {
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not?",
"*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you",
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our God",
"*hôraštā*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you dispossessed",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*yōšbê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land",
"*hazzōʾt*": "definite article + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*millipnê*": "preposition *min* + preposition *lə* + construct masculine plural noun - from before",
"*ʿammkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel",
"*wattitnāh*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and you gave it",
"*ləzeraʿ*": "preposition *lə* + construct masculine singular noun - to seed of",
"*ʾabrāhām*": "proper name - Abraham",
"*ʾōhabkā*": "qal participle masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lover/friend",
"*ləʿôlām*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - to eternity/forever"
},
"variants": {
"*hôraštā*": "you dispossessed/drove out/expelled",
"*ʾōhabkā*": "your friend/lover/one who loves you",
"*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.8",
"source": "וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ־בָ֑הּ וַיִּבְנ֨וּ לְךָ֧ ׀ בָּ֛הּ מִקְדָּ֖שׁ לְשִׁמְךָ֥ לֵאמֹֽר׃",
"text": "And *wayyēšbû*-in-it *bāh* and *wayyibnû* for-you *lkā* in-it *bāh* *miqdāš* for name-your *lšimkā* *lēmōr*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēšbû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they dwelt",
"*bāh*": "preposition *bə* + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it",
"*wayyibnû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd common plural - and they built",
"*lkā*": "preposition *lə* + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for you",
"*bāh*": "preposition *bə* + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in it",
"*miqdāš*": "masculine singular noun - sanctuary",
"*lšimkā*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for your name",
"*lēmōr*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - saying"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēšbû*": "and they dwelt/lived/settled/inhabited",
"*miqdāš*": "sanctuary/holy place/temple"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.9",
"source": "אִם־תָּב֨וֹא עָלֵ֜ינוּ רָעָ֗ה חֶרֶב֮ שְׁפוֹט֮ וְדֶ֣בֶר וְרָעָב֒ נַֽעַמְדָ֞ה לִפְנֵ֨י הַבַּ֤יִת הַזֶּה֙ וּלְפָנֶ֔יךָ כִּ֥י שִׁמְךָ֖ בַּבַּ֣יִת הַזֶּ֑ה וְנִזְעַ֥ק אֵלֶ֛יךָ מִצָּרָתֵ֖נוּ וְתִשְׁמַ֥ע וְתוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃",
"text": "If *ʾim*-*tābôʾ* upon-us *ʿālênû* *rāʿâ* *ḥereb* judgment *šəpôṭ* and plague *wədeber* and famine *wərāʿāb*, *naʿamdâ* before *lipnê* the house *habbayit* this *hazzeh* and before-you *ûlpāneykā* for *kî* name-your *šimkā* in the house *babbayit* this *hazzeh*, and we will cry out *wənizʿaq* to-you *ʾēleykā* from distress-our *miṣṣārātênû* and you will hear *wətišmaʿ* and you will save *wətôšîaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if",
"*tābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it comes/will come",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition *ʿal* + 1st common plural suffix - upon us",
"*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun - evil/distress/calamity",
"*ḥereb*": "masculine singular noun - sword",
"*šəpôṭ*": "qal infinitive absolute - judgment",
"*wədeber*": "waw-conjunction + masculine singular noun - and plague/pestilence",
"*wərāʿāb*": "waw-conjunction + masculine singular noun - and famine/hunger",
"*naʿamdâ*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural + cohortative *hê* - let us stand",
"*lipnê*": "preposition *lə* + construct masculine plural noun - before",
"*habbayit*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the house",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*ûlpāneykā*": "waw-conjunction + preposition *lə* + masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and before you",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*šimkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your name",
"*babbayit*": "preposition *bə* + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the house",
"*wənizʿaq*": "waw-conjunction + qal imperfect 1st common plural - and we will cry out",
"*ʾēleykā*": "preposition *ʾel* + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you",
"*miṣṣārātênû*": "preposition *min* + feminine singular noun + 1st common plural suffix - from our distress",
"*wətišmaʿ*": "waw-conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will hear",
"*wətôšîaʿ*": "waw-conjunction + hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will save"
},
"variants": {
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/distress/calamity/misfortune",
"*šəpôṭ*": "judgment/punishment (unusual construction, possibly 'sword of judgment')",
"*ṣārâ*": "distress/trouble/adversity",
"*nizʿaq*": "we will cry out/call for help"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.10",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֡ה הִנֵּה֩ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֨וֹן וּמוֹאָ֜ב וְהַר־שֵׂעִ֗יר אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹֽא־נָתַ֤תָּה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לָב֣וֹא בָהֶ֔ם בְּבֹאָ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּ֛י סָ֥רוּ מֵעֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א הִשְׁמִידֽוּם׃",
"text": "And now *wəʿattâ* behold *hinnēh* sons-of *bənê*-*ʿammôn* and Moab *ûmôʾāb* and Mount *wəhar*-*śēʿîr*, whom *ʾăšer* not *lōʾ*-*nātattâ* to Israel *ləyiśrāʾēl* to enter *lābôʾ* in them *bāhem* in their coming *bəbōʾām* from land-of *mēʾereṣ* Egypt *miṣrāyim*, for *kî* they turned aside *sārû* from them *mēʿălêhem* and not *wəlōʾ* *hišmîdûm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿattâ*": "waw-conjunction + adverb - and now",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look",
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of",
"*ʿammôn*": "proper name - Ammon",
"*ûmôʾāb*": "waw-conjunction + proper name - and Moab",
"*wəhar*": "waw-conjunction + construct masculine singular noun - and mountain of",
"*śēʿîr*": "proper name - Seir",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*nātattâ*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you gave",
"*ləyiśrāʾēl*": "preposition *lə* + proper name - to Israel",
"*lābôʾ*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to enter",
"*bāhem*": "preposition *bə* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in/among them",
"*bəbōʾām*": "preposition *bə* + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their coming",
"*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition *min* + construct feminine singular noun - from land of",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper name - Egypt",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*sārû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they turned aside",
"*mēʿălêhem*": "preposition *min* + preposition *ʿal* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from upon them/from them",
"*wəlōʾ*": "waw-conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*hišmîdûm*": "hiphil perfect 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they destroyed them"
},
"variants": {
"*sārû*": "they turned aside/departed/avoided",
"*hišmîdûm*": "they destroyed them/exterminated them/annihilated them",
"*har-śēʿîr*": "Mount Seir (region of Edom)"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.11",
"source": "וְהִ֨נֵּה־הֵ֔ם גֹּמְלִ֖ים עָלֵ֑ינוּ לָבוֹא֙ לְגָ֣רְשֵׁ֔נוּ מִיְּרֻשָּׁתְךָ֖ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֽוֹרַשְׁתָּֽנוּ׃",
"text": "And behold *wəhinnēh*-they *hēm* *gōmlîm* against-us *ʿālênû* to come *lābôʾ* to drive us out *ləgāršēnû* from your possession *mîyrūššātkā* which *ʾăšer* *hôraštānû*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəhinnēh*": "waw-conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they",
"*gōmlîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - repaying/rewarding",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition *ʿal* + 1st common plural suffix - against us",
"*lābôʾ*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to come",
"*ləgāršēnû*": "preposition *lə* + piel infinitive construct + 1st common plural suffix - to drive us out",
"*mîyrūššātkā*": "preposition *min* + feminine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - from your possession",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*hôraštānû*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - you caused us to possess"
},
"variants": {
"*gōmlîm*": "repaying/rewarding/dealing with (negative connotation here)",
"*ləgāršēnû*": "to drive us out/expel us/cast us out",
"*yərūššâ*": "possession/inheritance/property"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.12",
"source": "אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ הֲלֹ֣א תִשְׁפָּט־בָּ֔ם כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין בָּ֙נוּ֙ כֹּ֔חַ לִ֠פְנֵי הֶהָמ֥וֹן הָרָ֛ב הַזֶּ֖ה הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֑ינוּ וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ לֹ֤א נֵדַע֙ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה כִּ֥י עָלֶ֖יךָ עֵינֵֽינוּ׃",
"text": "Our God *ʾĕlōhênû* will you not *hălōʾ* judge *tišpāṭ*-them *bām*, for *kî* there is no *ʾên* in us *bānû* *kōaḥ* before *lipnê* the multitude *hehāmôn* the great *hārāb* this *hazzeh* the coming *habbāʾ* against us *ʿālênû*, and we *waʾănaḥnû* not *lōʾ* know *nēdaʿ* what *mah*-we shall do *naʿăśeh*, for *kî* upon you *ʿāleykā* our eyes *ʿênênû*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our God",
"*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle - will you not?",
"*tišpāṭ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will judge",
"*bām*": "preposition *bə* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in/on them",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*bānû*": "preposition *bə* + 1st common plural suffix - in us",
"*kōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - strength/power",
"*lipnê*": "preposition *lə* + construct masculine plural noun - before",
"*hehāmôn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the multitude",
"*hārāb*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the great",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*habbāʾ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the one coming",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition *ʿal* + 1st common plural suffix - against us",
"*waʾănaḥnû*": "waw-conjunction + 1st common plural pronoun - and we",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*nēdaʿ*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we know",
"*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what",
"*naʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural - we shall do",
"*ʿāleykā*": "preposition *ʿal* + 2nd masculine singular suffix - upon you",
"*ʿênênû*": "feminine dual noun + 1st common plural suffix - our eyes"
},
"variants": {
"*tišpāṭ*": "you will judge/execute judgment",
"*hehāmôn*": "the multitude/crowd/army",
"*ʿênayin*": "eyes (idiom: 'eyes upon you' meaning 'looking to you for help/guidance')"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.13",
"source": "וְכָ֨ל־יְהוּדָ֔ה עֹמְדִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה גַּם־טַפָּ֖ם נְשֵׁיהֶ֥ם וּבְנֵיהֶֽם׃ פ",
"text": "And all *wəkol*-*yəhûdâ* standing *ʿōmdîm* before *lipnê* *YHWH* *yhwh*, also *gam*-little ones-their *ṭappām* wives-their *nəšêhem* and sons-their *ûbənêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəkol*": "waw-conjunction + construct masculine singular - and all of",
"*yəhûdâ*": "proper name - Judah",
"*ʿōmdîm*": "qal participle masculine plural - standing",
"*lipnê*": "preposition *lə* + construct masculine plural noun - before",
"*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*gam*": "adverb - also/even",
"*ṭappām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their little ones",
"*nəšêhem*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their wives",
"*ûbənêhem*": "waw-conjunction + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their sons"
},
"variants": {
"*ṭap*": "little ones/children/infants/families"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.14",
"source": "וְיַחֲזִיאֵ֡ל בֶּן־זְכַרְיָ֡הוּ בֶּן־בְּ֠נָיָה בֶּן־יְעִיאֵ֧ל בֶּן־מַתַּנְיָ֛ה הַלֵּוִ֖י מִן־בְּנֵ֣י אָסָ֑ף הָיְתָ֤ה עָלָיו֙ ר֣וּחַ יְהוָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ הַקָּהָֽל׃",
"text": "And *wəyaḥăzîʾēl* son-of *ben*-*zəkaryāhû* son-of *ben*-*bənāyâ* son-of *ben*-*yəʿîʾēl* son-of *ben*-*mattanyâ* the Levite *hallēwî* from *min*-sons-of *bənê* *ʾāsāp* was *hāytâ* upon him *ʿālāyw* spirit-of *rûaḥ* *YHWH* *yhwh* in midst-of *bətôk* the assembly *haqqāhāl*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəyaḥăzîʾēl*": "waw-conjunction + proper name - and Jahaziel",
"*ben*": "construct masculine singular noun - son of",
"*zəkaryāhû*": "proper name - Zechariah",
"*bənāyâ*": "proper name - Benaiah",
"*yəʿîʾēl*": "proper name - Jeiel",
"*mattanyâ*": "proper name - Mattaniah",
"*hallēwî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective masculine singular - the Levite",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of",
"*ʾāsāp*": "proper name - Asaph",
"*hāytâ*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was/came",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition *ʿal* + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*rûaḥ*": "construct feminine singular noun - spirit of",
"*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*bətôk*": "preposition *bə* + construct masculine singular noun - in midst of",
"*haqqāhāl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the assembly"
},
"variants": {
"*rûaḥ yhwh*": "spirit of YHWH/divine inspiration",
"*tôk*": "midst/middle/among"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.15",
"source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הַקְשִׁ֤יבוּ כָל־יְהוּדָה֙ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה לָכֶ֗ם אַ֠תֶּם אַל־תִּֽירְא֤וּ וְאַל־תֵּחַ֙תּוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֨י הֶהָמ֤וֹן הָרָב֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֥א לָכֶ֛ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה כִּ֥י לֵאלֹהִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* pay attention *haqšîbû* all-*kol* *yəhûdâ* and inhabitants-of *wəyōšbê* Jerusalem *yərûšālaim* and the king *wəhammelek* *yəhôšāpāṭ*, thus *kōh*-said *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *yhwh* to you *lākem* you *ʾattem* do not *ʾal*-fear *tîrʾû* and do not *wəʾal*-be dismayed *tēḥattû* from before *mippnê* the multitude *hehāmôn* the great *hārāb* this *hazzeh*, for *kî* not *lōʾ* to you *lākem* the battle *hammilḥāmâ* for *kî* to God *lēʾlōhîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*haqšîbû*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - pay attention/listen",
"*kol*": "construct masculine singular - all of",
"*yəhûdâ*": "proper name - Judah",
"*wəyōšbê*": "waw-conjunction + qal participle masculine plural construct - and inhabitants of",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem",
"*wəhammelek*": "waw-conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the king",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper name - Jehoshaphat",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said",
"*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*lākem*": "preposition *lə* + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive/imperative - do not",
"*tîrʾû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you fear",
"*wəʾal*": "waw-conjunction + negative particle - and do not",
"*tēḥattû*": "niphal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you be dismayed",
"*mippnê*": "preposition *min* + construct masculine plural - from before",
"*hehāmôn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the multitude",
"*hārāb*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the great",
"*hazzeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*lākem*": "preposition *lə* + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you/yours",
"*hammilḥāmâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the battle",
"*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition *lə* + masculine plural noun - to God"
},
"variants": {
"*haqšîbû*": "pay attention/listen/give ear",
"*tēḥattû*": "be dismayed/terrified/broken",
"*hehāmôn*": "the multitude/crowd/army"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.16",
"source": "מָחָר֙ רְד֣וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם הִנָּ֥ם עֹלִ֖ים בְּמַעֲלֵ֣ה הַצִּ֑יץ וּמְצָאתֶ֤ם אֹתָם֙ בְּס֣וֹף הַנַּ֔חַל פְּנֵ֖י מִדְבַּ֥ר יְרוּאֵֽל׃",
"text": "*māḥār* *rədû* against them, *hinnām* *'ōlîm* by *ma'ălēh* *ha-ṣṣîṣ*, and *məṣāʾtem* them at *sôp* *ha-nnaḥal*, before *midbar* *yəruʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow",
"*rədû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - go down",
"*hinnām*": "interjection with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - behold they",
"*'ōlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - ascending/coming up",
"*ma'ălēh*": "construct masculine singular noun - ascent of",
"*ha-ṣṣîṣ*": "definite article with proper noun - the Ziz",
"*məṣāʾtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will find",
"*sôp*": "construct masculine singular noun - end of",
"*ha-nnaḥal*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the valley/wadi",
"*midbar*": "construct masculine singular noun - wilderness of",
"*yəruʾēl*": "proper noun - Jeruel"
},
"variants": {
"*māḥār*": "tomorrow, in the future",
"*rədû*": "go down, descend",
"*hinnām*": "behold them, see them",
"*'ōlîm*": "ascending, coming up, going up",
"*ma'ălēh*": "ascent, slope, pass",
"*ha-ṣṣîṣ*": "the Ziz (proper name of location)",
"*sôp*": "end, extremity",
"*ha-nnaḥal*": "the wadi, the valley, the stream",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land",
"*yəruʾēl*": "Jeruel (proper name of location)"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.17",
"source": "לֹ֥א לָכֶ֖ם לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בָּזֹ֑את הִתְיַצְּב֣וּ עִמְד֡וּ וּרְא֣וּ אֶת־יְשׁוּעַת֩ יְהוָ֨ה עִמָּכֶ֜ם יְהוּדָ֣ה וִֽירוּשָׁלִַ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְאוּ֙ וְאַל־תֵּחַ֔תּוּ מָחָר֙ צְא֣וּ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיהוָ֖ה עִמָּכֶֽם׃",
"text": "*lōʾ* to you to *hillāḥēm* in this; *hityaṣṣəbû* *'imdû* and *rəʾû* *ʾet*-*yəšû'at* *YHWH* with you, *yəhûdāh* and *yərûšālaim*, *ʾal*-*tîrəʾû* and *ʾal*-*tēḥattû*; *māḥār* *ṣəʾû* to face them, and *YHWH* with you.",
"grammar": {
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hillāḥēm*": "niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*hityaṣṣəbû*": "hithpael imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - station yourselves",
"*'imdû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - stand",
"*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - see",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*yəšû'at*": "construct feminine singular noun - salvation of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*ʾal*-*tîrəʾû*": "negative particle with qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - do not fear",
"*ʾal*-*tēḥattû*": "negative particle with niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - do not be dismayed",
"*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow",
"*ṣəʾû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - go out"
},
"variants": {
"*hillāḥēm*": "to fight, to engage in battle",
"*hityaṣṣəbû*": "station yourselves, take your stand, position yourselves",
"*'imdû*": "stand, stand firm, be stationed",
"*rəʾû*": "see, look, observe, witness",
"*yəšû'at*": "salvation, deliverance, victory, help",
"*ʾal*-*tîrəʾû*": "do not fear, do not be afraid",
"*ʾal*-*tēḥattû*": "do not be dismayed, do not be shattered, do not be terrified",
"*ṣəʾû*": "go out, go forth, come out"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.18",
"source": "וַיִּקֹּ֧ד יְהוֹשָׁפָ֛ט אַפַּ֖יִם אָ֑רְצָה וְכָל־יְהוּדָ֞ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם נָֽפְלוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת לַיהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyiqqōd* *yəhôšāpāṭ* *ʾappayim* *ʾārṣāh*, and all *yəhûdāh* and *yōšəbê* *yərûšālaim* *nāpəlû* before *YHWH* to *hištaḥăwōt* to *YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqōd*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he bowed down",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*ʾappayim*": "dual noun - face, nostrils",
"*ʾārṣāh*": "noun with directional heh - to the ground",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yōšəbê*": "qal participle construct, masculine plural - inhabitants of",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*nāpəlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they fell",
"*hištaḥăwōt*": "hishtaphel infinitive construct - to worship, to prostrate oneself",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqqōd*": "he bowed down, he bent over",
"*ʾappayim*": "face, nostrils, nose (dual form suggesting both sides of face/nose)",
"*ʾārṣāh*": "to the ground, to the earth, earthward",
"*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants of, dwellers in, residents of",
"*nāpəlû*": "they fell, they fell down",
"*hištaḥăwōt*": "to worship, to bow down, to prostrate oneself"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.19",
"source": "וַיָּקֻ֧מוּ הַלְוִיִּ֛ם מִן־בְּנֵ֥י הַקְּהָתִ֖ים וּמִן־בְּנֵ֣י הַקָּרְחִ֑ים לְהַלֵּ֗ל לַיהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּק֥וֹל גָּד֖וֹל לְמָֽעְלָה׃",
"text": "And *wayyāqumû* *ha-ləwiyyim* from *bənê* *ha-qqəhātîm* and from *bənê* *ha-qqārəḥîm* to *hallēl* to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* with *qôl* *gādôl* to *māʾəlāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqumû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they arose",
"*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the Levites",
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of",
"*ha-qqəhātîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the Kohathites",
"*ha-qqārəḥîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the Korahites",
"*hallēl*": "piel infinitive construct - to praise",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct masculine plural noun - God of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*qôl*": "masculine singular noun - voice",
"*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great, loud",
"*māʾəlāh*": "feminine noun with directional heh - upward, on high"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqumû*": "they arose, they stood up",
"*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (priestly tribe)",
"*bənê*": "sons of, descendants of",
"*ha-qqəhātîm*": "the Kohathites (Levitical clan)",
"*ha-qqārəḥîm*": "the Korahites (Levitical clan)",
"*hallēl*": "to praise, to laud, to commend",
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of, deity of",
"*qôl*": "voice, sound, noise",
"*gādôl*": "great, loud, mighty",
"*māʾəlāh*": "upward, on high, to the heights"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.20",
"source": "וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣ימוּ בַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיֵּצְא֖וּ לְמִדְבַּ֣ר תְּק֑וֹעַ וּבְצֵאתָ֞ם עָמַ֣ד יְהוֹשָׁפָ֗ט וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ שְׁמָע֗וּנִי יְהוּדָה֙ וְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם הַאֲמִ֜ינוּ בַּיהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֙ וְתֵ֣אָמֵ֔נוּ הַאֲמִ֥ינוּ בִנְבִיאָ֖יו וְהַצְלִֽיחוּ׃",
"text": "And *wayyaškîmû* in *ha-bbōqer* and *wayyēṣəʾû* to *midbar* *təqôa'*, and in *bəṣēʾtām* *'āmad* *yəhôšāpāṭ* and *wayyōʾmer*, *šimā'ûnî* *yəhûdāh* and *yōšəbê* *yərûšālaim*, *haʾămînû* in *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* and *tēʾāmēnû*, *haʾămînû* in *nəbîʾāyw* and *haṣlîḥû*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaškîmû*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they rose early",
"*ha-bbōqer*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the morning",
"*wayyēṣəʾû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they went out",
"*midbar*": "construct masculine singular noun - wilderness of",
"*təqôa'*": "proper noun - Tekoa",
"*bəṣēʾtām*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition bet and 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their going out",
"*'āmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - stood",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he said",
"*šimā'ûnî*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - hear me",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yōšəbê*": "qal participle construct, masculine plural - inhabitants of",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*haʾămînû*": "hiphil imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - believe",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*tēʾāmēnû*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be established",
"*nəbîʾāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his prophets",
"*haṣlîḥû*": "hiphil imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - succeed, prosper"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaškîmû*": "they rose early, they started early",
"*ha-bbōqer*": "the morning, the dawn",
"*wayyēṣəʾû*": "they went out, they departed",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land",
"*bəṣēʾtām*": "in their going out, as they went out, during their departure",
"*'āmad*": "stood, stood up, took a stand",
"*šimā'ûnî*": "hear me, listen to me",
"*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants of, dwellers in, residents of",
"*haʾămînû*": "believe, trust, have faith in",
"*tēʾāmēnû*": "you will be established, you will be confirmed, you will be secure",
"*nəbîʾāyw*": "his prophets, his spokesmen",
"*haṣlîḥû*": "succeed, prosper, be successful"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.21",
"source": "וַיִּוָּעַץ֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם וַיַּעֲמֵ֤ד מְשֹֽׁרֲרִים֙ לַיהוָ֔ה וּֽמְהַֽלְלִ֖ים לְהַדְרַת־קֹ֑דֶשׁ בְּצֵאת֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הֶֽחָל֔וּץ וְאֹֽמְרִים֙ הוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י לְעוֹלָ֖ם חַסְדּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wayyiwwā'aṣ* to *hā-'ām* and *wayya'ămēd* *məšōrărîm* to *YHWH* and *məhaləlîm* to *hadrat*-*qōdeš* in *bəṣēʾt* before *he-ḥālûṣ* and *ʾōmərîm*, *hôdû* to *YHWH*, for to *'ôlām* *ḥasdô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiwwā'aṣ*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he consulted",
"*hā-'ām*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the people",
"*wayya'ămēd*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he appointed",
"*məšōrărîm*": "polel participle, masculine plural - singers",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*məhaləlîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - praising",
"*hadrat*": "construct feminine singular noun - splendor of",
"*qōdeš*": "masculine singular noun - holiness",
"*bəṣēʾt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition bet - in going out",
"*he-ḥālûṣ*": "definite article with qal passive participle, masculine singular - the armed man/army",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying",
"*hôdû*": "hiphil imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - give thanks",
"*'ôlām*": "masculine singular noun - forever",
"*ḥasdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiwwā'aṣ*": "he consulted, he took counsel",
"*hā-'ām*": "the people, the nation",
"*wayya'ămēd*": "he appointed, he stationed, he set",
"*məšōrărîm*": "singers, those who sing",
"*məhaləlîm*": "praising, those who praise",
"*hadrat*": "splendor of, beauty of, majesty of",
"*qōdeš*": "holiness, sacredness",
"*bəṣēʾt*": "in going out, when they went out",
"*he-ḥālûṣ*": "the armed man, the army, the troops",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "saying, speaking",
"*hôdû*": "give thanks, praise, confess",
"*'ôlām*": "forever, eternity, long duration",
"*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness, his steadfast love, his mercy"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.22",
"source": "וּבְעֵת֩ הֵחֵ֨לּוּ בְרִנָּ֜ה וּתְהִלָּ֗ה נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֣ה ׀ מְ֠אָֽרְבִים עַל־בְּנֵ֨י עַמּ֜וֹן מוֹאָ֧ב וְהַר־שֵׂעִ֛יר הַבָּאִ֥ים לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וַיִּנָּגֵֽפוּ׃",
"text": "And in *'ēt* *hēḥēllû* with *rinnāh* and *təhillāh*, *nātan* *YHWH* *məʾārəbîm* against *bənê* *'ammôn*, *môʾāb*, and *har*-*śē'îr*, *ha-bbāʾîm* to *yəhûdāh*, and *wayyinnāgēpû*.",
"grammar": {
"*'ēt*": "construct feminine singular noun - time of",
"*hēḥēllû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they began",
"*rinnāh*": "feminine singular noun - joyful shouting",
"*təhillāh*": "feminine singular noun - praise",
"*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*məʾārəbîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - ambushes",
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of",
"*'ammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon",
"*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*har*": "construct masculine singular noun - mountain of",
"*śē'îr*": "proper noun - Seir",
"*ha-bbāʾîm*": "definite article with qal participle, masculine plural - the ones coming",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*wayyinnāgēpû*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they were struck/defeated"
},
"variants": {
"*'ēt*": "time, period",
"*hēḥēllû*": "they began, they started",
"*rinnāh*": "joyful shouting, ringing cry, joy",
"*təhillāh*": "praise, song of praise",
"*nātan*": "he gave, he placed, he set",
"*məʾārəbîm*": "ambushes, ambushers, those lying in wait",
"*bənê*": "sons of, descendants of",
"*har*": "mountain of, hill country of",
"*ha-bbāʾîm*": "the ones coming, those who were coming, those who came",
"*wayyinnāgēpû*": "they were struck, they were defeated, they were smitten"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.23",
"source": "וַ֠יַּֽעַמְדוּ בְּנֵ֨י עַמּ֧וֹן וּמוֹאָ֛ב עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הַר־שֵׂעִ֖יר לְהַחֲרִ֣ים וּלְהַשְׁמִ֑יד וּכְכַלּוֹתָם֙ בְּיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י שֵׂעִ֔יר עָזְר֥וּ אִישׁ־בְּרֵעֵ֖הוּ לְמַשְׁחִֽית׃",
"text": "And *wayya'amdû* *bənê* *'ammôn* and *môʾāb* against *yōšəbê* *har*-*śē'îr* to *haḥărîm* and to *hašmîd*, and as *kəkallôtām* with *yôšəbê* *śē'îr*, *'āzərû* *ʾîš*-against *rē'ēhû* to *mašḥît*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayya'amdû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they stood",
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural noun - sons of",
"*'ammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon",
"*môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*yōšəbê*": "qal participle construct, masculine plural - inhabitants of",
"*har*": "construct masculine singular noun - mountain of",
"*śē'îr*": "proper noun - Seir",
"*haḥărîm*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy utterly",
"*hašmîd*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy",
"*kəkallôtām*": "piel infinitive construct with preposition kaf and 3rd person masculine plural suffix - as they finished",
"*yôšəbê*": "qal participle construct, masculine plural - inhabitants of",
"*'āzərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they helped",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man",
"*rē'ēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fellow",
"*mašḥît*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy"
},
"variants": {
"*wayya'amdû*": "they stood, they rose against",
"*bənê*": "sons of, descendants of",
"*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants of, dwellers in, residents of",
"*har*": "mountain of, hill country of",
"*haḥărîm*": "to destroy utterly, to put under ban, to devote to destruction",
"*hašmîd*": "to destroy, to exterminate",
"*kəkallôtām*": "as they finished, when they had made an end of",
"*'āzərû*": "they helped, they assisted",
"*ʾîš*": "each man, each one",
"*rē'ēhû*": "his fellow, his neighbor, his companion",
"*mašḥît*": "to destroy, to ruin, to corrupt"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.24",
"source": "וִֽיהוּדָ֛ה בָּ֥א עַל־הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה לַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַיִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הֶ֣הָמ֔וֹן וְהִנָּ֧ם פְּגָרִ֛ים נֹפְלִ֥ים אַ֖רְצָה וְאֵ֥ין פְּלֵיטָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wîhûdāh* *bāʾ* to *ha-mmiṣpeh* to *ha-mmidbār*, and *wayyipnû* to *he-hāmôn*, and *hinnām* *pəgārîm* *nōpəlîm* *ʾarṣāh*, and *ʾên* *pəlêṭāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wîhûdāh*": "conjunction waw with proper noun - and Judah",
"*bāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - came",
"*ha-mmiṣpeh*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the watchtower",
"*ha-mmidbār*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the wilderness",
"*wayyipnû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they turned",
"*he-hāmôn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the multitude",
"*hinnām*": "interjection with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - behold them",
"*pəgārîm*": "masculine plural noun - corpses",
"*nōpəlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - falling",
"*ʾarṣāh*": "noun with directional heh - to the ground",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there was no",
"*pəlêṭāh*": "feminine singular noun - escape/survivor"
},
"variants": {
"*bāʾ*": "came, arrived, reached",
"*ha-mmiṣpeh*": "the watchtower, the lookout point",
"*ha-mmidbār*": "the wilderness, the desert",
"*wayyipnû*": "they turned, they looked",
"*he-hāmôn*": "the multitude, the crowd, the horde",
"*hinnām*": "behold them, look at them",
"*pəgārîm*": "corpses, dead bodies",
"*nōpəlîm*": "falling, lying fallen",
"*ʾarṣāh*": "to the ground, to the earth",
"*ʾên*": "there was no, there is not",
"*pəlêṭāh*": "escape, survivor, fugitive"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.25",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט וְעַמּוֹ֮ לָבֹ֣ז אֶת־שְׁלָלָם֒ וַיִּמְצְאוּ֩ בָהֶ֨ם לָרֹ֜ב וּרְכ֤וּשׁ וּפְגָרִים֙ וּכְלֵ֣י חֲמֻד֔וֹת וַיְנַצְּל֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם לְאֵ֣ין מַשָּׂ֑א וַיִּֽהְי֞וּ יָמִ֧ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֛ה בֹּזְזִ֥ים אֶת־הַשָּׁלָ֖ל כִּ֥י רַב־הֽוּא׃",
"text": "And *wayyābōʾ* *yəhôšāpāṭ* and his *'ammô* to *lābōz* *ʾet*-their *šəlālām*, and *wayyimṣəʾû* among them in *lārōb* and *rəkûš* and *pəgārîm* and *kəlê* *ḥămudôt*, and *wayənaṣṣəlû* for themselves to *ʾên* *maśśāʾ*. And *wayyihyû* *yāmîm* *šəlôšāh* *bōzəzîm* *ʾet*-*ha-šālāl* for *rāb*-it was.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyābōʾ*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he came",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*'ammô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people",
"*lābōz*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to plunder",
"*šəlālām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their spoil",
"*wayyimṣəʾû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they found",
"*lārōb*": "masculine singular noun with preposition lamed - in abundance",
"*rəkûš*": "masculine singular noun - property",
"*pəgārîm*": "masculine plural noun - corpses",
"*kəlê*": "construct masculine plural noun - vessels of",
"*ḥămudôt*": "feminine plural noun - desirable things",
"*wayənaṣṣəlû*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they carried off",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there was no",
"*maśśāʾ*": "masculine singular noun - carrying",
"*wayyihyû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they were",
"*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days",
"*šəlôšāh*": "cardinal number - three",
"*bōzəzîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - plundering",
"*ha-šālāl*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the spoil",
"*rāb*": "masculine singular adjective - much, great"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyābōʾ*": "he came, he arrived",
"*'ammô*": "his people, his nation",
"*lābōz*": "to plunder, to spoil, to take as booty",
"*šəlālām*": "their spoil, their plunder",
"*wayyimṣəʾû*": "they found, they discovered",
"*lārōb*": "in abundance, in great quantity",
"*rəkûš*": "property, goods, possessions",
"*pəgārîm*": "corpses, dead bodies",
"*kəlê*": "vessels of, articles of, objects of",
"*ḥămudôt*": "desirable things, precious objects, valuable items",
"*wayənaṣṣəlû*": "they carried off, they stripped, they took",
"*maśśāʾ*": "carrying, burden, load",
"*yāmîm*": "days, time period",
"*bōzəzîm*": "plundering, looting, taking as spoil",
"*ha-šālāl*": "the spoil, the plunder",
"*rāb*": "much, great, abundant"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.26",
"source": "וּבַיּ֣וֹם הָרְבִעִ֗י נִקְהֲלוּ֙ לְעֵ֣מֶק בְּרָכָ֔ה כִּי־שָׁ֖ם בֵּרֲכ֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֡ן קָֽרְא֞וּ אֶת־שֵׁ֨ם הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֛וּא עֵ֥מֶק בְּרָכָ֖ה עַד־הַיּֽוֹם׃",
"text": "And in *ha-yyôm* *hā-rəbî'î* *niqhălû* to *'ēmeq* *bərākāh*, for *šām* *bērăkû* *ʾet*-*YHWH*. Therefore *qārəʾû* *ʾet*-*šēm* *ha-mmāqôm* *ha-hûʾ* *'ēmeq* *bərākāh* until *ha-yyôm*.",
"grammar": {
"*ha-yyôm*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the day",
"*hā-rəbî'î*": "definite article with ordinal number - the fourth",
"*niqhălû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they assembled",
"*'ēmeq*": "construct masculine singular noun - valley of",
"*bərākāh*": "feminine singular noun - blessing",
"*šām*": "adverb - there",
"*bērăkû*": "piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - they blessed",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*qārəʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they called",
"*šēm*": "construct masculine singular noun - name of",
"*ha-mmāqôm*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the place",
"*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article with demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*ha-yyôm*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the day"
},
"variants": {
"*ha-yyôm*": "the day, today",
"*hā-rəbî'î*": "the fourth",
"*niqhălû*": "they assembled, they gathered",
"*'ēmeq*": "valley, vale, lowland",
"*bərākāh*": "blessing, benediction",
"*šām*": "there, in that place",
"*bērăkû*": "they blessed, they praised",
"*qārəʾû*": "they called, they named",
"*šēm*": "name, reputation",
"*ha-mmāqôm*": "the place, the location",
"*ha-hûʾ*": "that, that one"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.27",
"source": "וַ֠יָּשֻׁבוּ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֤ה וִֽירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וִֽיהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט בְּרֹאשָׁ֔ם לָשׁ֥וּב אֶל־יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם בְּשִׂמְחָ֑ה כִּֽי־שִׂמְּחָ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה מֵֽאוֹיְבֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyāšubû* all *ʾîš* *yəhûdāh* and *yərûšālaim* and *yəhôšāpāṭ* at *bərōʾšām* to *lāšûb* to *yərûšālaim* with *śimḥāh*, for *śimməḥām* *YHWH* from their *ʾôyəbêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāšubû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they returned",
"*ʾîš*": "construct masculine singular noun - man of",
"*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*yəhôšāpāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*bərōʾšām*": "masculine singular noun with preposition bet and 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at their head",
"*lāšûb*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed - to return",
"*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - joy",
"*śimməḥām*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he made them rejoice",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʾôyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāšubû*": "they returned, they came back",
"*ʾîš*": "man, each one",
"*bərōʾšām*": "at their head, as their leader",
"*lāšûb*": "to return, to go back",
"*śimḥāh*": "joy, gladness, mirth",
"*śimməḥām*": "he made them rejoice, he gave them joy",
"*ʾôyəbêhem*": "their enemies, their foes"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.28",
"source": "וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם בִּנְבָלִ֥ים וּבְכִנֹּר֖וֹת וּבַחֲצֹצְר֑וֹת אֶל־בֵּ֖ית יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyābōʾû* *yərûšālaim* with *nəbālîm* and with *kinnōrôt* and with *ḥăṣōṣərôt* to *bêt* *YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyābōʾû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they came",
"*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem",
"*nəbālîm*": "masculine plural noun - harps",
"*kinnōrôt*": "masculine plural noun - lyres",
"*ḥăṣōṣərôt*": "feminine plural noun - trumpets",
"*bêt*": "construct masculine singular noun - house of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyābōʾû*": "they came, they arrived, they entered",
"*nəbālîm*": "harps, stringed instruments",
"*kinnōrôt*": "lyres, stringed instruments",
"*ḥăṣōṣərôt*": "trumpets, wind instruments",
"*bêt*": "house of, temple of"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.29",
"source": "וַיְהִי֙ פַּ֣חַד אֱלֹהִ֔ים עַ֖ל כָּל־מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאֲרָצ֑וֹת בְּשָׁמְעָ֕ם כִּ֚י נִלְחַ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה עִ֖ם אוֹיְבֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *wayehî* *paḥad* *ʾĕlōhîm* upon all-*mamlekôt* *hāʾărāṣôt* in-*šāmeʿām* that *nilḥam* *YHWH* with *ʾôyebê* *Yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayehî*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it was/became",
"*paḥad*": "masculine singular construct - fear/dread of",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods",
"*mamlekôt*": "feminine plural construct - kingdoms of",
"*hāʾărāṣôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the lands",
"*šāmeʿām*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their hearing",
"*nilḥam*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - fought",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾôyebê*": "masculine plural construct - enemies of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*paḥad*": "fear/dread/terror",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being",
"*nilḥam*": "fought/battled/waged war"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "2 Chronicles.20.30",
"source": "וַתִּשְׁקֹ֖ט מַלְכ֣וּת יְהוֹשָׁפָ֑ט וַיָּ֧נַֽח ל֦וֹ אֱלֹהָ֖יו מִסָּבִֽיב׃",
"text": "And *watišqōṭ* *malkût* *Yehôšāfāṭ* and *wayyānaḥ* to-him *ʾĕlōhāyw* from-*sābîb*.",
"grammar": {
"*watišqōṭ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - and it was quiet/at rest",
"*malkût*": "feminine singular construct - kingdom of",
"*Yehôšāfāṭ*": "proper noun - Jehoshaphat",
"*wayyānaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he gave rest",
"*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his God",
"*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding"
},
"variants": {
"*watišqōṭ*": "was quiet/at rest/peaceful",
"*wayyānaḥ*": "gave rest/provided relief/made peaceful",
"*sābîb*": "around/surrounding/on all sides"
}
}