1{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.1",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י כִשְׁמֹ֣עַ כָּֽל־הַמְּלָכִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ בְּעֵ֨בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן בָּהָ֣ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֗ה וּבְכֹל֙ ח֚וֹף הַיָּ֣ם הַגָּד֔וֹל אֶל־מ֖וּל הַלְּבָנ֑וֹן הַֽחִתִּי֙ וְהָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הַפְּרִזִּ֔י הַחִוִּ֖י וְהַיְבוּסִֽי",
"text": "And *wəyəhî* when *kišəmōʿa* all-the *məlākîm* who in *ʿēber* the *yardēn* in-the-*hār* and-in-the-*šəpēlâ* and-in-all *ḥôp* the *yām* the *gādôl* toward-facing the-*ləbānôn* the-*ḥittî* and-the-*ʾĕmōrî* the-*kənaʿănî* the-*pərizzî* the-*ḥiwwî* and-the-*yəbûsî*",
"grammar": {
"*wəyəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened",
"*kišəmōʿa*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - when hearing/as hearing",
"*məlākîm*": "masculine plural - kings",
"*ʿēber*": "construct state - region across/beyond",
"*yardēn*": "proper noun - Jordan",
"*hār*": "masculine singular - hill country/mountain",
"*šəpēlâ*": "feminine singular - lowland",
"*ḥôp*": "construct state - coast/shore",
"*yām*": "masculine singular - sea",
"*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great/large",
"*ləbānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon",
"*ḥittî*": "gentilic adjective - Hittite",
"*ʾĕmōrî*": "gentilic adjective - Amorite",
"*kənaʿănî*": "gentilic adjective - Canaanite",
"*pərizzî*": "gentilic adjective - Perizzite",
"*ḥiwwî*": "gentilic adjective - Hivite",
"*yəbûsî*": "gentilic adjective - Jebusite"
},
"variants": {
"*wəyəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass",
"*ʿēber*": "region beyond/across/side",
"*šəpēlâ*": "lowland/foothills",
"*ḥôp*": "coast/shore/region"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.2",
"source": "וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ יַחְדָּ֔ו לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם עִם־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ וְעִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל פֶּ֖ה אֶחָֽד",
"text": "And-they-*yiṯqabbəṣû* *yaḥdāw* to-*hillāḥēm* with-*yəhôšuaʿ* and-with-*yiśrāʾēl* *pê* *ʾeḥāḏ*",
"grammar": {
"*yiṯqabbəṣû*": "Hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - gathered themselves",
"*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/united",
"*hillāḥēm*": "Niphal infinitive construct - to fight/to battle",
"*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*pê*": "masculine singular construct - mouth",
"*ʾeḥāḏ*": "numeral adjective - one"
},
"variants": {
"*yaḥdāw*": "together/united/as one",
"*pê* *ʾeḥāḏ*": "with one mouth/with one accord/unanimously"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.3",
"source": "וְיֹשְׁבֵ֨י גִבְע֜וֹן שָׁמְע֗וּ אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֧ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ לִֽירִיח֖וֹ וְלָעָֽי",
"text": "And-*yōšḇê* *giḇʿôn* *šāməʿû* *ʾēṯ* which *ʿāśâ* *yəhôšuaʿ* to-*yərîḥô* and-to-*ʿāy*",
"grammar": {
"*yōšḇê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*giḇʿôn*": "proper noun - Gibeon",
"*šāməʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they heard",
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did/made",
"*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua",
"*yərîḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho",
"*ʿāy*": "proper noun - Ai"
},
"variants": {
"*yōšḇê*": "inhabitants/residents/dwellers",
"*šāməʿû*": "they heard/learned/understood"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.4",
"source": "וַיַּעֲשׂ֤וּ גַם־הֵ֙מָּה֙ בְּעָרְמָ֔ה וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ וַיִּצְטַיָּ֑רוּ וַיִּקְח֞וּ שַׂקִּ֤ים בָּלִים֙ לַחֲמ֣וֹרֵיהֶ֔ם וְנֹאד֥וֹת יַ֙יִן֙ בָּלִ֔ים וּמְבֻקָּעִ֖ים וּמְצֹרָרִֽים",
"text": "And-they-*yaʿăśû* also-they in-*ʿormâ* and-they-*yēlḵû* and-they-*yiṣṭayyārû* and-they-*yiqqəḥû* *śaqqîm* *bālîm* for-*ḥămôrê*-them and-*nōʾḏôṯ* *yayin* *bālîm* and-*məḇuqqāʿîm* and-*məṣōrārîm*",
"grammar": {
"*yaʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they acted/did",
"*ʿormâ*": "feminine singular noun - craftiness/cunning/deception",
"*yēlḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they went",
"*yiṣṭayyārû*": "Hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they disguised themselves as envoys",
"*yiqqəḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they took",
"*śaqqîm*": "masculine plural - sacks/bags",
"*bālîm*": "masculine plural adjective - worn out/old",
"*ḥămôrê*": "masculine plural construct - donkeys of",
"*nōʾḏôṯ*": "masculine plural - skins/bottles",
"*yayin*": "masculine singular - wine",
"*məḇuqqāʿîm*": "Pual participle masculine plural - torn/split",
"*məṣōrārîm*": "Pual participle masculine plural - bound up/mended"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿormâ*": "craftiness/cunning/shrewdness/deception",
"*yiṣṭayyārû*": "they disguised themselves/presented themselves as ambassadors",
"*bālîm*": "worn out/old/tattered",
"*məḇuqqāʿîm*": "torn/split/cracked",
"*məṣōrārîm*": "patched/mended/bound up"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Joshua.9.5",
"source": "וּנְעָל֨וֹת בָּל֤וֹת וּמְטֻלָּאוֹת֙ בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם וּשְׂלָמ֥וֹת בָּל֖וֹת עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְכֹל֙ לֶ֣חֶם צֵידָ֔ם יָבֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֥ה נִקֻּדִֽים",
"text": "And-*nəʿālôṯ* *bālôṯ* and-*məṭullāʾôṯ* on-*raḡlê*-them and-*śəlāmôṯ* *bālôṯ* upon-them and-all *leḥem* *ṣêḏām* *yāḇēš* was *niqqūḏîm*",
"grammar": {
"*nəʿālôṯ*": "feminine plural - sandals",
"*bālôṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - worn out/old",
"*məṭullāʾôṯ*": "Pual participle feminine plural - patched",
"*raḡlê*": "feminine dual construct - feet of",
"*śəlāmôṯ*": "feminine plural - garments/clothes",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular construct - bread of",
"*ṣêḏām*": "masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their provision",
"*yāḇēš*": "masculine singular adjective - dry",
"*niqqūḏîm*": "masculine plural - crumbled/moldy"
},
"variants": {
"*bālôṯ*": "worn out/old/tattered",
"*məṭullāʾôṯ*": "patched/mended",
"*śəlāmôṯ*": "garments/clothes/outer garments",
"*yāḇēš*": "dry/stale",
"*niqqūḏîm*": "crumbled/moldy/spotted with mold"
}
}